Laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition, which relates to the field of laser processing and repair technology, and includes: an installation frame, a turntable that can rotate in steps is provided in the middle of the frame; a plurality of positioning mechanisms distributed in a circular array, fixed on the turntable; a feeding assembly, used to supply metal parts to the positioning mechanisms; two visual recognition components, provided on the installation frame, used to identify the defect positions of the metal parts; a laser repair instrument, capable of processing the metal parts at different incident angles; three levers corresponding to the two visual recognition components and the laser repair instrument, provided in the installation frame, used to move the metal parts to flip them over, with a high overall automation level and strong targeting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser processing and repair technology, and specifically to an online laser repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition, which is particularly suitable for automated defect detection and laser repair of metal parts with a double-plate structure. Background Art

[0002] In the field of metal product production, the detection and repair of tiny surface defects on metal parts is a key link affecting product quality. However, traditional repair processes have the following technical bottlenecks:

[0003] Existing inspection methods rely heavily on manual visual inspection or single-angle machine vision, resulting in low efficiency and high rates of missed detection. For metal parts with dual-panel structures (such as sheet metal stampings), defects on the bottom and back surfaces are difficult to detect effectively with single-sided vision systems, resulting in blind spots during the repair process.

[0004] In addition, during the laser repair process, traditional equipment has the following technical pain points:

[0005] Fixed laser incident angles are difficult to adapt to the reflectivity differences of metal parts made of different materials, which can easily cause overburning or insufficient repair;

[0006] There is no review mechanism after repair, and a second inspection process is required, which affects the production line rhythm.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition, comprising:

[0009] An installation frame, wherein a turntable capable of stepping and rotating is provided in the center thereof;

[0010] A plurality of positioning mechanisms distributed in a circular array and fixed on the turntable;

[0011] a feeding assembly, for supplying metal parts to the positioning mechanism;

[0012] Two visual recognition components, provided on the mounting frame, for identifying defect locations of the metal part;

[0013] a laser repair device capable of processing the metal part at different incident angles;

[0014] Three levers corresponding to the two visual recognition components and the laser repair device are set in the installation frame and are used to move the metal part to flip it over.

[0015] Furthermore, preferably, the bottom of the laser repair instrument is installed in the installation frame through a height adjuster.

[0016] Furthermore, preferably, the two visual recognition components are:

[0017] A first visual recognition component, including a first side viewer and a first top viewer, for identifying defect locations of the metal part;

[0018] The second visual recognition component includes a second side viewer and a second top viewer, which are used to review the repaired metal parts.

[0019] Further, preferably, the two visual identification components are respectively a first visual identification component and a second visual identification component;

[0020] The first visual recognition component can also identify the reflectivity of the metal part, and the laser repair device can adjust the laser incident angle according to the reflectivity.

[0021] Furthermore, preferably, the laser repair instrument uses p-polarized light, and the laser incident angle is θ=arctan(n2 / n1), where n1 is the refractive index of the incident medium and n2 is the refractive index of the metal part.

[0022] Furthermore, preferably, the metal member includes a first plate and a second plate, wherein:

[0023] The first plate has a first hole, and the second plate has a second hole;

[0024] The positioning mechanism comprises:

[0025] a base, fixed on the turntable;

[0026] A first positioning head vertically slidably disposed on the base, for positioning the first hole body;

[0027] A second positioning head vertically slidably disposed on the base, for positioning the second hole body;

[0028] The alternating drive assembly is used to drive the first positioning head and the second positioning head to rise and fall alternately.

[0029] Furthermore, preferably, the alternating drive assembly includes:

[0030] A first cam is rotatably disposed in the base, corresponding to the first positioning head, wherein the first cam is coaxially fixed with a first synchronization wheel;

[0031] A second cam rotatably disposed in the base corresponds to the second positioning head, and a second synchronous wheel is coaxially fixed to the second cam;

[0032] A synchronous belt, drivingly connected between the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel;

[0033] The protrusions of the first cam and the second cam are arranged in opposite directions.

[0034] Furthermore, preferably, a groove is provided on the upper surface of the base, and a positioning angle plate is provided in the groove. The thickness of the positioning angle plate matches the depth of the groove, and enables the metal part to fit the base.

[0035] Furthermore, preferably, connecting plates are fixed on both sides of the positioning angle plate, and the connecting plates are rotatably connected to the side walls of the groove through a rotating shaft.

[0036] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] In the present invention, an orthogonal side-view and top-view binocular detection architecture is used, combined with a reflectivity recognition function, to achieve precise positioning of defect locations and dynamic matching of laser parameters;

[0038] In the present invention, the double positioning heads are alternately lifted and lowered by a cam-synchronous belt mechanism, which can accurately position metal parts in different states;

[0039] In the present invention, a feeding component, an automatic turning mechanism and a repair effect review module are integrated to form a closed-loop control process, thereby reducing manual intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition;

[0042] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The structural diagram without the installation frame;

[0043] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the top view structure;

[0044] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the positioning mechanism;

[0045] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0046] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the positioning mechanism;

[0047] In the figure: 1. Mounting frame; 2. Discharging assembly; 3. Feeding assembly; 4. First side view meter; 5. Turntable; 6. Positioning mechanism; 7. First top view meter; 8. Second side view meter; 9. Second top view meter; 10. Laser repair instrument; 11. Height adjuster; 12. Metal parts; 121. First plate body; 122. Second plate body; 61. Base; 62. First positioning head; 63. Second positioning head; 64. Positioning angle plate; 65. Connecting disk; 66. Rotating shaft; 67. First cam; 68. Second cam; 69. Timing belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned description of the drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, and this is merely a way of distinguishing the objects of the same attributes when describing them in the embodiments of the present application. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that the process, method, system, product or equipment comprising a series of units need not be limited to those units, but may include other units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or equipment.

[0049] Example: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 7 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition is provided, comprising:

[0050] The mounting frame 1 has a rotating disc 5 that can rotate in steps provided in the middle thereof;

[0051] A plurality of positioning mechanisms 6 distributed in a circumferential array are fixed on the turntable 5;

[0052] a feeding assembly 3 for supplying a metal part 12 to the positioning mechanism 6;

[0053] Two visual recognition components, provided on the mounting frame 1, for identifying the defect locations of the metal part 12;

[0054] A laser repair device 10 capable of processing the metal part 12 at different incident angles;

[0055] Three levers (not shown in the figure) corresponding to the two visual recognition components and the laser repair device 10 are set in the installation frame 1 and are used to move the metal part 12 to flip it.

[0056] The implementation includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: The feeding assembly 3 starts working and feeds the metal piece 12 to be inspected into the positioning mechanism 6 fixed on the turntable 5. The positioning mechanism 6 positions the metal piece 12.

[0058] Step 2: The turntable 5 drives the positioning mechanism 6 and the metal part 12 to rotate in steps. When the metal part 12 moves to the detection position of the first visual recognition component, the visual recognition component identifies defects on the surface of the metal part 12, and the corresponding lever moves the metal part 12 to flip it over, so that multiple surfaces of the metal part 12 can be visually identified, thereby determining the defect location information.

[0059] Step 3: Turntable 5 continues to rotate.

[0060] Step 4: The laser repair device 10 performs laser repair processing on the defects on the metal part 12 according to the defect location information provided by the visual recognition component. During this process, the corresponding lever selectively moves the metal part 12 to flip it over, so that multiple surfaces of the metal part 12 can be processed by the laser repair device 10.

[0061] Step 5: After the laser repair is completed, the turntable 5 drives the metal part 12 to move to the position of another visual recognition component again to recheck and inspect the repaired metal part 12.

[0062] Step 6: The turntable 5 continues to rotate in steps, and the above working process is repeated to achieve continuous online detection, repair and review of multiple metal parts 12.

[0063] Preferably, a discharging assembly 2 is further provided in the installation frame 1 for delivering the metal parts 12 on the turntable 5 .

[0064] In other words, the entire system, from feeding, visual recognition, metal part flipping, laser repair to review, has achieved full-process automated operation, reduced manual intervention, improved production efficiency and reduced labor costs.

[0065] The bottom of the laser repair instrument 10 is installed in the installation frame 1 through a height adjuster 11, and the height adjuster 11 is any one of an electric telescopic rod, a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, and a screw-nut pair mechanism.

[0066] The two visual identification components are:

[0067] A first visual recognition component, including a first side viewer 4 and a first top viewer 7, is used to identify the defect location of the metal part 12;

[0068] The second visual recognition component includes a second side viewer 8 and a second top viewer 9 , which are used to review the repaired metal part 12 .

[0069] The first visual recognition component (the first side view camera 4 and the first top view camera 7) and the second visual recognition component (the second side view camera 8 and the second top view camera 9) form an orthogonal detection layout, which can simultaneously capture defects on the front, side and hole edge of the metal part 12, reducing the detection blind area by more than 80%.

[0070] Among them, the first visual component dynamically adjusts the incident angle of the laser repair device 10 by identifying the reflectivity of the metal part 12 to avoid overburning or insufficient repair, and is compatible with various materials such as aluminum alloy and stainless steel.

[0071] In this embodiment, the two visual recognition components are respectively a first visual recognition component and a second visual recognition component;

[0072] The first visual recognition component can also identify the reflectivity of the metal part 12, and the laser repair device 10 can adjust the laser incident angle according to the reflectivity.

[0073] Specifically, the laser repair device 10 uses p-polarized light, and the laser incident angle is θ=arctan(n2 / n1), where n1 is the refractive index of the incident medium and n2 is the refractive index of the metal part (12).

[0074] The laser repair device 10 uses p-polarized light, and the p-polarized light can minimize the reflectivity near θ=arctan(n2 / n1), where: n1 is the refractive index of the incident medium (n1≈1 (refractive index of air)); n2 is the refractive index of the metal part 12.

[0075] Example: When repairing aluminum alloy, the first visual recognition component recognizes that the reflectivity of the metal part 12 is 1.37, then θ=arctan(1.37 / 1)≈54°.

[0076] In this embodiment, dynamic adjustment of the incident angle can increase the laser absorption rate by 5%-30%, reducing the energy consumption of repair; by matching the incident angle with the metal refractive index, the deformation of the workpiece caused by thermal diffusion is reduced, the hardness fluctuation of the repair area is reduced, and a single laser can be adapted to a variety of metal materials.

[0077] In this embodiment, the metal member 12 includes a first plate 121 and a second plate 122, wherein:

[0078] The first plate 121 has a first hole, and the second plate 122 has a second hole;

[0079] The positioning mechanism 6 includes:

[0080] A base 61 is fixed on the turntable 5;

[0081] A first positioning head 62 vertically slidably provided on the base 61 for positioning the first hole;

[0082] A second positioning head 63 vertically slidably provided on the base 61 for positioning the second hole body;

[0083] The alternating drive assembly is used to drive the first positioning head 62 and the second positioning head 63 to rise and fall alternately.

[0084] During operation, when the metal component 12 is placed on the positioning mechanism 6, the alternating drive assembly begins operating according to a preset program or signal. Since the first plate 121 of the metal component 12 has a first hole and the second plate 122 has a second hole, the alternating drive assembly first drives the first positioning head 62 upward. The first positioning head 62 is inserted into the first hole of the first plate 121, precisely positioning the first plate 121. Simultaneously, the second positioning head 63 is lowered to avoid interference with the metal component 12.

[0085] When the metal part 12 needs to be flipped, the alternating drive assembly moves, causing the first positioning head 62 to descend and withdraw from the first hole, releasing the positioning of the first plate 121. Afterwards, the second positioning head 63 rises and inserts into the second hole of the second plate 122 to position the second plate 122.

[0086] That is to say, the first positioning head 62 and the second positioning head 63 respectively position the first hole of the first plate 121 and the second hole of the second plate 122, which can achieve precise positioning of the metal part 12, ensure the position accuracy of the metal part 12 in subsequent operations such as detection and repair, and are conducive to improving the quality of detection and repair.

[0087] Wherein, the alternating drive component includes:

[0088] A first cam 67 is rotated and disposed in the base 61, corresponding to the first positioning head 62, wherein the first cam 67 is coaxially fixed with a first synchronous wheel;

[0089] A second cam 68 is rotatably provided in the base 61, corresponding to the second positioning head 63, and a second synchronous wheel is coaxially fixed to the second cam 68;

[0090] A synchronous belt 69 is connected between the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel;

[0091] The protrusions of the first cam 67 and the second cam 68 are arranged in opposite directions. Furthermore, the projection of the protrusion of the first cam 67 on the first cam 67 occupies 1 / 4 of the side area of the first cam 67; the projection of the protrusion of the second cam 68 on the second cam 68 occupies 1 / 4 of the side area of the second cam 68.

[0092] The first and second cams 67 and 68 rotate synchronously via a synchronous belt 69. This synchronization ensures precise coordination of the alternating lifting and lowering motions of the first and second positioning heads 62 and 63, avoiding inaccurate positioning or interference caused by asynchrony, and improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0093] The alternating drive assembly utilizes a combination of cams (first cam 67 and second cam 68), synchronous pulleys (first and second synchronous pulleys), and a timing belt 69. The overall structure is simple and compact, occupying minimal space. This structure facilitates installation within the base 61 without adversely affecting the overall layout and installation of the positioning mechanism 6, while also reducing system complexity and manufacturing costs.

[0094] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the upper surface of the base 61 , and a positioning angle plate 64 is provided in the groove. The thickness of the positioning angle plate 64 matches the depth of the groove, and enables the metal component 12 to fit the base 61 .

[0095] Furthermore, connecting plates 65 are fixed on both sides of the positioning angle plate 64 , and the connecting plates 65 are rotatably connected to the side walls of the groove via a rotating shaft 66 .

[0096] In this embodiment, a groove is formed on the upper surface of the base 61, and a positioning angle plate 64 is placed therein. The thickness of the positioning angle plate 64 matches the depth of the groove. This design ensures that when the metal component 12 is placed on the positioning mechanism 6, the metal component 12 can closely adhere to the surface of the base 61, ensuring the flatness and stability of the metal component 12, providing a good foundation for subsequent positioning, inspection, and repair operations.

[0097] Connecting plates 65 are fixed to either side of the positioning angle plate 64, which is pivotally connected to the sidewalls of the groove via a rotating shaft 66. This pivoting connection provides the positioning angle plate 64 with a certain degree of flexibility, allowing it to rotate within a certain range. Furthermore, the pivoting connection design of the positioning angle plate 64 can also prevent interference with other components to a certain extent. For example, during the flipping of the metal component 12, the positioning angle plate 64 can rotate to adapt to the movement of the metal component 12, reducing the possibility of accidental displacement of the metal component 12.

[0098] Furthermore, the axis of the rotating shaft 66 coincides with the first contour line, which is the outer contour line where the first plate body 121 and the second plate body 122 intersect.

[0099] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition, characterized by: include: A mounting frame (1) is provided with a step-rotating turntable (5) at the center thereof; A plurality of positioning mechanisms (6) distributed in a circumferential array, fixed on the turntable (5); a feeding assembly (3) for supplying a metal part (12) to the positioning mechanism (6); Two visual recognition components are provided on the installation frame (1) and are used to identify the defect position of the metal part (12), the two visual recognition components being respectively a first visual recognition component and a second visual recognition component; A laser repair device (10) capable of processing the metal part (12) at different incident angles; Three levers corresponding to the two visual recognition components and the laser repair device (10) are respectively provided in the installation frame (1) and are used to move the metal part (12) to turn it over; The metal member (12) comprises a first plate (121) and a second plate (122), wherein the first plate (121) has a first hole, and the second plate (122) has a second hole; The positioning mechanism (6) comprises: A base (61) is fixed on the turntable (5); A first positioning head (62) vertically slidably disposed on the base (61) for positioning the first hole body; A second positioning head (63) vertically slidably disposed on the base (61) for positioning the second hole body; An alternating drive assembly, used for driving the first positioning head (62) and the second positioning head (63) to alternately rise and fall; The alternating drive assembly comprises: Rotating a first cam (67) disposed in the base (61), wherein the first cam (67) corresponds to the first positioning head (62), and a first synchronous wheel is coaxially fixed to the first cam (67); Rotating a second cam (68) disposed in the base (61), wherein the second cam (68) corresponds to the second positioning head (63), and a second synchronous wheel is coaxially fixed to the second cam (68); A synchronous belt (69) is transmission-connected between the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel; The protrusions of the first cam (67) and the second cam (68) are arranged in opposite directions.

2. The laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the laser repair device (10) is installed in the installation frame (1) via a height adjuster (11).

3. The laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first visual recognition component includes a first side viewer (4) and a first top viewer (7), and is used to identify the defect position of the metal part (12); The second visual recognition component includes a second side viewer (8) and a second top viewer (9), which are used to review the repaired metal part (12).

4. The laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first visual recognition component is also capable of recognizing the reflectivity of the metal part (12), and the laser repair device (10) is capable of adjusting the laser incident angle according to the reflectivity.

5. The laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The laser repair device (10) uses p-polarized light, and its laser incident angle is θ=arctan(n2 / n1), wherein n1 is the refractive index of the incident medium, and n2 is the refractive index of the metal part (12).

6. The laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A groove is provided on the upper surface of the base (61), and a positioning angle plate (64) is provided in the groove. The thickness of the positioning angle plate (64) matches the depth of the groove, and enables the metal part (12) to fit the base (61).

7. The laser online repair system for metal parts with minor defects based on visual recognition according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Connecting plates (65) are fixed on both sides of the positioning angle plate (64), and the connecting plates (65) are rotatably connected to the side walls of the groove via a rotating shaft (66).

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