Train center pin nut taking-out device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a train center pin nut taking-out device and method, relates to the technical field of train maintenance, and solves the technical problems that in the prior art, time and labor are wasted when a nut is taken out manually, the nut is prone to being stuck and even broken, and other parts are prone to being damaged when the nut is cut and broken subsequently. The device comprises a frame, a lifting assembly and a rotating assembly, the lifting assembly is arranged on the frame, a platform is arranged above the lifting assembly, a transverse moving assembly is arranged on the platform and connected with the rotating assembly, and the upper end of the rotating assembly can be inserted into a center pin to take out a nut. The nut taking-out device has the advantages that nut taking-out efficiency is high, and nuts are not prone to breakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of train maintenance, and particularly relates to a device and method for removing the nut of a train center pin. Background Art

[0002] The train center pin is a core load-bearing component of the bogie system, mainly used to connect the car body and the bogie, and undertake the transfer of vertical and lateral loads as well as the transfer of traction and braking forces; the center pin nut is a key fastener for fixing the center pin, and its function is to prevent the center pin from loosening.

[0003] When maintaining, overhauling or replacing components of the train, it is necessary to remove the center pin nut to check the status of the center pin and the nut. However, at present, most rely on manual use of a wrench to manually remove the nut. During the actual removal process, due to human factors, it is easy to cause the nut to be unevenly stressed and stuck on the center pin. At this time, continuing to turn the nut easily causes the nut to break. After the nut breaks, a cutting tool needs to be used to cut the nut first, resulting in cumbersome work and extremely easy to damage other components. In addition, due to the long length of the wrench, the space is limited during the process of removing the nut, resulting in limited rotation of the wrench, and the nut can only be removed by turning it a small angle multiple times, resulting in low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention discloses a device and method for removing the nut of a train center pin, aiming to solve the technical problems in the prior art that relying on manual removal of the nut is time-consuming and laborious, and it is easy to cause the nut to be stuck or even broken, and subsequent cutting of the broken nut is easy to damage other components.

[0005] To solve the above existing technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A device for removing the nut of a train center pin includes a frame, a lifting assembly and a rotating assembly.

[0007] The lifting assembly is provided on the frame, a platform is provided above the lifting assembly, a transverse moving assembly is provided on the platform, the moving assembly is connected to the rotating assembly, and the upper end of the rotating assembly can be inserted into the center pin to remove the nut.

[0008] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the frame provides support for the overall upper structure and facilitates the movement of the device. The lifting component is used to lift the platform, so that the rotating component rises with the platform and is sleeved outside the nut. The rotating component generates torque to unscrew the nut. In addition, the platform also plays a role in supporting the upper rotating component. During the process of the rotating component unscrewing the nut, due to the threaded connection relationship between the nut and the central pin, the rotating component will gradually move downwards. During this process, the lifting component will also descend following the rotation component, so that the platform supports the rotating component throughout the process, facilitating the screwing of the bolt. In addition, it should be noted that the descending rates of the rotating component and the lifting component are the same as that of the nut. Taking the descending rate of the nut as an example, the descending rate of the nut refers to the height that the nut descends along the axial direction of the central pin per unit time. The descending rates of the rotating component and the lifting component will not be elaborated here;

[0009] In addition, in this application, the moving component is used to move the rotating component horizontally to facilitate aligning the rotating component with the central pin. Therefore, through the cooperation of the lifting component, the rotating component and the moving component, the stable and rapid removal of the nut is realized, the work efficiency is improved, and the damage of the nut caused by uneven force on the nut is avoided.

[0010] Preferably, a push rod is provided on the frame to facilitate the staff to push the device. Casters are provided at the four corners under the frame, and the casters have a braking function, which is convenient for pushing and stabilizing the device during the process of removing the nut. The casters here are prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating component includes a second driving motor, a turntable and a sleeve,

[0012] The second driving motor is connected to the moving component. The upper and lower sides of the turntable are respectively connected to the output shaft of the second driving motor and the sleeve, and the sleeve is used to sleeve the nut.

[0013] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the second driving motor and the moving component are detachably connected by bolts. The second driving motor drives the turntable to rotate, and drives the sleeve to rotate synchronously through the second turntable, so as to unscrew the nut. In addition, the diameter of the turntable is larger than that of the sleeve, which is convenient for dispersing the pressure of the upper sleeve and the nut, so that the output shaft of the second driving motor is evenly stressed, which helps to reduce the damage of the output shaft of the second driving motor.

[0014] Preferably, two lifting components are provided on the frame,

[0015] The lifting assembly includes a first link, a second link, a third link, and a fourth link. The centers of the first link and the second link are hinged. The centers of the third link and the fourth link are hinged. One ends of the first link and the second link are respectively hinged to one ends of the third link and the fourth link. The other ends of the first link and the third link are respectively hinged to the vehicle frame and the platform. The other ends of the second link and the fourth link are respectively slidably connected to the vehicle frame and the platform.

[0016] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that lifting assemblies are respectively provided at the longitudinal two ends of the vehicle frame to improve the bearing capacity. The first link, the second link, the third link, and the fourth link form a scissor-type lifting assembly. The first link and the second link, as well as the third link and the fourth link, form a scissor structure. When the angle of any one link changes, the angles of the other links will also change, so as to realize the lifting of the platform. Taking the lifting process of the lifting assembly as an example, since the first link and the second link gradually tend to be in a vertical state, and the lower end of the first link is hinged to the vehicle frame, the distance between the lower ends of the first link and the second link gradually becomes closer. Therefore, the sliding connection between the second link and the vehicle frame can adapt to this change, so as to maintain the stable lifting of the device.

[0017] In addition, the hinges in this application are all realized by hinge parts between two components, such as pin shafts, optical shafts, etc. This is the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0018] Preferably, support rods are provided between the two second links and between the two fourth links. A hydraulic rod is hinged between the two support rods. A connecting plate is provided on the support rod, and the connecting plate is hinged to the hydraulic rod.

[0019] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the hydraulic rod adopts an electric hydraulic rod. This is the prior art and will not be elaborated here. By pushing the fourth link gradually to be vertical with the hydraulic rod, other links are driven to move accordingly, so as to realize the lifting of the lifting device. During the extension process of the hydraulic rod, corresponding rotation will also occur between the hydraulic rod and the connecting plate.

[0020] Preferably, first chutes are provided on both inner sides of the vehicle frame. One end of the second link is rotatably connected with a second roller through a connecting shaft, and the second roller is in rolling cooperation with the first chute.

[0021] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the frame is a square-shaped framework. The first chute is provided on the inner wall of the longitudinal frame of the frame, and the second roller is rollingly arranged in the first chute. When the lifting assembly rises, the distance between the same ends of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod becomes smaller. At this time, the second roller will roll in the first chute. Specifically, when the lifting group rises, the second connecting rod tends to be vertical, driving the second roller to move leftward along the first chute; in this application, the second roller is a rubber roller, which has a certain frictional force and sliding smoothness.

[0022] Preferably, two guide rails are provided at the lower end of the platform. Second chutes are provided on the sides of the two guide rails close to each other. One end of the fourth connecting rod is rotatably connected with a first roller through a connecting shaft, and the first roller is in rolling cooperation with the second chute.

[0023] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the structure of the first roller and the second chute here is the same as that of the second roller and the first chute, which has been described and will not be elaborated here.

[0024] Preferably, hinge plates are provided on the frame corresponding to the lower ends of the two first connecting rods. The lower ends of the first connecting rods are hinged to the hinge plates. Hinge columns are provided in the second chutes on the two guide rails and corresponding to the upper ends of the third connecting rods, and the third connecting rods are hinged to the hinge columns.

[0025] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the hinge columns are perpendicular to the inner wall of the second chute and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the frame. Therefore, the first connecting rod can only rotate along the hinge point of the first connecting rod and the hinge plate, and the third connecting rod can only rotate along the hinge point of the third connecting rod and the hinge column, so that the second connecting rod and the fourth connecting rod can move to adapt to the angle changes of each connecting rod.

[0026] Preferably, the moving assembly is arranged at the lower end of the platform, and there are two moving assemblies. The second driving motor is arranged between the two moving assemblies. The output shaft of the second driving motor penetrates the platform and is connected to the turntable. By setting two moving assemblies, the connection strength of the second driving motor is increased. When the output shaft of the second driving motor bears the upper pressure, including the turntable, the sleeve and the nut, the two moving assemblies evenly bear the upper pressure, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the second driving motor. In addition, it should be noted that a horizontal limiting long hole is provided at the upper end of the platform. The limiting long hole penetrates the platform, and the output shaft of the second driving motor passes through the limiting long hole and is connected to the turntable.

[0027] Preferably, the moving assembly includes a support part and a driving part.

[0028] The support part includes a support plate, the support plate is vertically connected to the lower surface of the platform, and a first side plate and a second side plate are arranged at both ends of the support plate.

[0029] The driving part includes a first driving motor, a threaded rod, a slider and a guide rod. The threaded rod and the guide rod are both arranged between the first side plate and the second side plate. The slider is threadedly connected to the threaded rod and slidably connected to the guide rod. The first driving motor is connected to the outside of the first side plate, and the output shaft of the first driving motor penetrates through the first side plate and is connected to the threaded rod.

[0030] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the supporting part has two functions. One is to provide support for the driving part. Secondly, the supporting part plays a connecting role. Its upper end is connected to the platform. The first side plates and the second side plates of the two moving components are respectively arranged on one side of the two supporting plates close to each other. The first driving motor is arranged outside the first side plate. The two ends of the guide rod are respectively connected to the first side plate and the second side plate. One end of the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the second side plate.

[0031] In addition, it should be noted that there are two guide rods. The two guide rods are respectively arranged on both sides of the threaded rod. A threaded hole is provided in the center of the slider, and through holes are provided on both sides of the threaded hole. The threaded hole is in threaded cooperation with the threaded rod, and the through hole is slidably connected to the guide rod. By setting two guide rods, the load-bearing capacity of the slider is further improved. The first driving motor drives the threaded rod to rotate. Since there is a threaded connection between the slider and the threaded rod, and the connection relationship between the slider and the guide rod limits the rotation of the slider, the rotation of the threaded rod will drive the slider to move along the threaded rod, thereby realizing the movement of the second driving motor.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the second driving motor is arranged between the sliders of the two moving components, and the slider and the second driving motor are detachably connected by bolts.

[0033] Preferably, a control box is further provided on the vehicle frame. The control box is provided with a start-stop button and an emergency stop button. The emergency stop button is used to cut off the power supply of the whole device emergently. The start-stop button controls the start and stop of the hydraulic rod, the moving component and the second driving motor respectively. A power supply and a control module are arranged in the control box. The hydraulic rod, the moving component and the second driving motor are respectively electrically connected to the power supply and the control module.

[0034] Preferably, a pressure sensor and an infrared receiver are arranged inside the sleeve. An infrared transmitter is arranged at the lower end of the center pin. A distance sensor is arranged on the turntable. The pressure sensor, the infrared receiver, the infrared transmitter and the distance sensor are respectively electrically connected to the power supply and the control module.

[0035] After adopting this technical solution, it should be noted that the pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure of the nut on the pressure sensor, and there are two pressure sensors, which are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the sleeve. The two pressure sensors cooperate to detect the gravity of the nut or the pressure provided by the sleeve to the nut. When the nut is being removed, when the pressure sensor detects a sudden increase in pressure, it means that the nut has been unscrewed and has fallen inside the sleeve, squeezing the pressure sensor. At this time, the control module can control the second drive motor to stop rotating; the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver cooperate to achieve the movement and positioning of the sleeve, aligning the sleeve with the nut. The infrared transmitter is located at the center of the center pin, and the infrared receiver is located at the center inside the sleeve. When the moving component drives the second drive motor to drive the sleeve to move, when the infrared receiver receives the signal from the infrared transmitter, it means that the sleeve is aligned with the nut, and the control module can control the first drive motor to stop; the distance sensor is used to detect the distance between the sleeve and the center pin to control the lifting speed of the lifting component and control the lifting component to stop.

[0036] Preferably, a connecting ring is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the sleeve. The connecting ring is connected to the turntable by bolts. The distance sensor is arranged on the connecting ring, and a supplementary light is also provided on the connecting ring to facilitate the operation of the operator.

[0037] Preferably, a limiting hole is provided on the sleeve. The limiting hole is a hexagon that fits the nut, and a tapered hole is provided at the bottom of the limiting hole. The infrared receiver is arranged at the bottom of the tapered hole to prevent the bolt from squeezing the infrared receiver.

[0038] In this application, a threaded post is provided inside the center pin, and a nut is threadedly connected to the threaded post.

[0039] A method for removing a train center pin nut includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Sleeve adjustment

[0041] Move the vehicle frame below the nut to be removed, press the start-stop button to power on. The control module first controls the moving component to move. During this process, the control module controls the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver to work until the infrared receiver receives the signal from the infrared transmitter, and then the control module controls the moving component, the infrared transmitter, and the infrared receiver to stop;

[0042] Step 2: Lifting adjustment

[0043] The control module controls the lifting component to rise. The distance sensor detects the distance between the sleeve and the center pin. When the distance sensor detects that the distance from the center pin reaches the minimum threshold or the pressure sensor detects an increase in pressure, the control module controls the lifting component to stop;

[0044] Step 3: Unscrew the nut

[0045] The control module controls the second drive motor to start and simultaneously controls the lifting component to descend. The second drive motor drives the sleeve to rotate and gradually unscrew the nut. The distance sensor monitors the distance between the sleeve and the center pin and adjusts the descending rate of the lifting component in real time to make the descending rate of the lifting component consistent with the descending rate of the nut.

[0046] Step 4: Unscrew the nut

[0047] When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure suddenly increases, the control module controls the second drive motor to stop. After the distance sensor detects that the distance between the sleeve and the center pin reaches the removal threshold, the control module cuts off the power supply of the device.

[0048] Preferably, in step 2, when the distance sensor detects that the distance from the center pin is less than 1 cm, the control module controls the lifting component to stop.

[0049] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0050] 1. A device for removing the nut of a train center pin provided by the present invention drives the platform to rise by setting a lifting component, sleeving the nut and providing torque to the nut by setting a rotating component, and providing a moving component to adjust the position of the rotating component. The three cooperate to realize the stable and rapid removal of the nut, improve the work efficiency, and avoid the damage of the nut caused by uneven force application to the nut.

[0051] 2. A device for removing the nut of a train center pin provided by the present invention increases the connection strength to the second drive motor by setting two moving components. When the output shaft of the second drive motor bears the upper pressure, including the turntable, the sleeve and the nut, the two moving components evenly bear the upper pressure, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the second drive motor.

[0052] 3. A device for removing the nut of a train center pin provided by the present invention further improves the load-bearing capacity of the slider by setting two guide rods, thereby ensuring the stability of the movement of the second drive motor.

[0053] 4. A device for removing the nut of a train center pin provided by the present invention is provided with a pressure sensor. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure suddenly increases, it means that the nut has been unscrewed and has fallen inside the sleeve; by setting an infrared receiver and an infrared emitter, when the moving component drives the second drive motor to drive the sleeve to move, when the infrared receiver receives the signal of the infrared emitter, it means that the sleeve is aligned with the nut; by setting a distance sensor, it is used to detect the distance between the sleeve and the center pin to control the lifting rate of the lifting component and control the lifting component to stop. Description of the drawings

[0054] The present invention will be described by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, where:

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0057] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the rotating assembly and the central pin of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving assembly, rotating assembly and central pin of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving assembly of the present invention

[0061] Figure 7 is the present invention Figure 2 enlarged view of the structure at position I in

[0062] Figure 8 is the present invention Figure 1 enlarged view of the structure at position II in

[0063] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the central pin structure of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment structure of the present invention.

[0066] Reference numerals

[0067] 1 - Frame, 101 - First chute, 2 - Lifting assembly, 201 - First connecting rod, 202 - Second connecting rod, 203 - Third connecting rod, 204 - Fourth connecting rod, 205 - Support rod, 206 - Connecting plate, 207 - Hydraulic rod, 3 - Platform, 301 - Limit long hole, 4 - Rotating assembly, 401 - Sleeve, 402 - Turntable, 5 - Central pin, 501 - Threaded column, 6 - Control box, 7 - Push rod, 8 - Caster, 9 - Linear module, 901 - First drive motor, 902 - Threaded rod, 903 - Slide block, 904 - Guide rod, 905 - Support plate, 906 - First side plate, 907 - Second side plate, 10 - Second drive motor, 11 - Guide rail, 1101 - Second chute, 12 - First roller, 13 - Connecting shaft, 14 - Connecting column, 15 - Nut, 16 - Limit hole, 17 - Connecting ring, 18 - Pressure sensor, 19 - Distance sensor, 20 - Start / stop button, 21 - Emergency stop button, 22 - Fill light, 23 - Second roller, 24 - Infrared receiver, 25 - Infrared transmitter, 26 - Tapered hole, 27 - First start button, 28 - Second start button, 29 - Third start button. Detailed implementation manners

[0068] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present application. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and marked in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application claimed, but only represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0069] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the invention is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0070] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] A device for removing the nut of the center pin of a train, as Figures 1-5 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 shown, comprising a vehicle frame 1, a lifting assembly 2 and a rotating assembly 4,

[0073] The lifting assembly 2 is provided on the vehicle frame 1. A platform 3 is provided above the lifting assembly 2. A transverse moving assembly is provided on the platform 3. The moving assembly is connected to the rotating assembly 4. The upper end of the rotating assembly 4 can be inserted into the center pin 5 to remove the nut 15.

[0074] A push rod 7 is provided on the vehicle frame 1 to facilitate the staff to push the device. Casters 8 are provided at the four corners of the lower part of the vehicle frame 1. The casters 8 have a braking function, which is convenient for pushing and stabilizing the device during the process of removing the nut 15. The casters 8 here are prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0075] The rotating assembly 4 includes a second driving motor 10, a turntable 402 and a sleeve 401,

[0076] The second driving motor 10 is connected to the moving assembly. The upper and lower sides of the turntable 402 are respectively connected to the output shaft of the second driving motor 10 and the sleeve 401. The sleeve 401 is used for sleeving the nut 15.

[0077] Two of the lifting assemblies 2 are provided on the vehicle frame 1,

[0078] The lifting assembly 2 includes a first connecting rod 201, a second connecting rod 202, a third connecting rod 203 and a fourth connecting rod 204. The centers of the first connecting rod 201 and the second connecting rod 202 are hinged. The centers of the third connecting rod 203 and the fourth connecting rod 204 are hinged. One ends of the first connecting rod 201 and the second connecting rod 202 are respectively hinged to one ends of the third connecting rod 203 and the fourth connecting rod 204. The other ends of the first connecting rod 201 and the third connecting rod 203 are respectively hinged to the vehicle frame 1 and the platform 3. The other ends of the second connecting rod 202 and the fourth connecting rod 204 are respectively slidably connected to the vehicle frame 1 and the platform 3.

[0079] A support rod 205 is provided between each of the two second link rods 202 and each of the two fourth link rods 204. A hydraulic rod 207 is hinged between the two support rods 205. A connecting plate 206 is provided on the support rod 205. The connecting plate 206 is hinged to the hydraulic rod 207. The hydraulic rod 207 is an electric hydraulic rod 207, which is prior art and will not be elaborated here. By pushing the fourth link rod 204 gradually towards the vertical direction with the hydraulic rod 207, other link rods are driven to move accordingly, thereby realizing the lifting of the lifting device. During the extension of the hydraulic rod 207, corresponding rotation will also occur between the hydraulic rod 207 and the connecting plate 206.

[0080] A threaded post 501 is provided inside the center pin 5, and a nut 15 is threadedly connected to the threaded post 501.

[0081] In this embodiment, the frame 1 provides support for the overall upper structure and facilitates the movement of the device. The lifting assembly 2 is used to lift the platform 3, so that the rotating assembly 4 follows the platform 3 to rise and then sleeved outside the nut 15. The rotating assembly 4 generates torque to unscrew the nut 15. In addition, the platform 3 also plays a role in supporting the upper rotating assembly 4. During the process of the rotating assembly 4 unscrewing the nut 15, due to the threaded connection relationship between the nut 15 and the center pin 5, the rotating assembly 4 will gradually move downward. During this process, the lifting assembly 2 will also follow the rotating assembly 4 and descend, so that the platform 3 supports the rotating assembly 4 throughout the process, facilitating the screwing of the bolt. In addition, it should be noted that the descending speeds of the rotating assembly 4 and the lifting assembly 2 are the same as the descending speed of the nut 15. Taking the descending speed of the nut 15 as an example, the descending speed of the nut 15 refers to the height that the nut 15 descends along the axial direction of the center pin 5 per unit time. The descending speeds of the rotating assembly 4 and the lifting assembly 2 will not be elaborated.

[0082] In this embodiment, the lifting assemblies 2 are respectively provided at the longitudinal two ends of the frame 1 to improve the load-bearing capacity. The first link rod 201, the second link rod 202, the third link rod 203 and the fourth link rod 204 form a scissor-type lifting assembly 2. The first link rod 201 and the second link rod 202, as well as the third link rod 203 and the fourth link rod 204, form a scissor structure. When the angle of any one link rod changes, the angles of the remaining link rods will also change, thereby realizing the lifting of the platform 3. Taking the rising process of the lifting assembly 2 as an example, since the first link rod 201 and the second link rod 202 gradually tend to be in a vertical state, and the lower end of the first link rod 201 is hinged to the frame 1, the distance between the lower ends of the first link rod 201 and the second link rod 202 gradually becomes closer. Therefore, the sliding connection between the second link rod 202 and the frame 1 can adapt to this change, thereby maintaining the stable lifting of the device.

[0083] In addition, in the embodiment, the hinges are all realized by hinge parts between two components, such as pin shafts, optical shafts, etc., which is prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 shown, first chutes 101 are provided on both inner sides of the vehicle frame 1. One end of the second connecting rod 202 is rotatably connected to a second roller 23 through a connecting shaft 13, and the second roller 23 is in rolling fit with the first chute 101.

[0086] Two guide rails 11 are provided at the lower end of the platform 3. Second chutes 1101 are provided on one side of the two guide rails 11 close to each other. One end of the fourth connecting rod 204 is rotatably connected to a first roller 12 through a connecting shaft 13, and the first roller 12 is in rolling fit with the second chute 1101.

[0087] Hinge plates are provided on the vehicle frame 1 corresponding to the lower ends of the two first connecting rods 201. The lower ends of the first connecting rods 201 are hinged to the hinge plates. Hinge columns are provided in the second chutes 1101 on the two guide rails 11 and corresponding to the upper ends of the third connecting rods 203, and the third connecting rods 203 are hinged to the hinge columns.

[0088] In this embodiment, the vehicle frame 1 is a square frame. The first chutes 101 are provided on the inner walls of the longitudinal frames of the vehicle frame 1. The second rollers 23 are rollingly provided in the first chutes 101. When the lifting assembly 2 rises, the distance between the same ends of the first connecting rod 201 and the second connecting rod 202 becomes smaller. At this time, the second rollers 23 will roll in the first chutes 101. Specifically, when the lifting assembly rises, the second connecting rod 202 tends to be vertical, driving the second rollers 23 to move leftward along the first chutes 101. In this application, the second rollers 23 are rubber rollers, with appropriate frictional force and sliding smoothness. The structure of the first rollers 12 and the second chutes 1101 is the same as that of the second rollers 23 and the first chutes 101, and has been described above, so it will not be elaborated here;

[0089] In addition, the hinge columns are perpendicular to the inner walls of the second chutes 1101 and parallel to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle frame 1 of the vehicle frame 1. Therefore, the first connecting rod 201 can only rotate along the hinge point of the first connecting rod 201 and the hinge plate, and the third connecting rod 203 can only rotate along the hinge point of the third connecting rod 203 and the hinge column, and the second connecting rod 202 and the fourth connecting rod can move to adapt to the angle changes of each connecting rod.

[0090] Example 3

[0091] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that, as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the moving components are arranged at the lower end of the platform 3, and there are two moving components. The second driving motor 10 is arranged between the two moving components. The output shaft of the second driving motor 10 penetrates through the platform 3 and is connected to the turntable 402. By setting two moving components, the connection strength of the second driving motor 10 is increased. When the output shaft of the second driving motor 10 bears the upper pressure, including the turntable 402, the sleeve 401 and the nut 15, the two moving components evenly bear the upper pressure, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the second driving motor 10. In addition, it should be noted that a horizontal limit long hole 301 is provided at the upper end of the platform 3. The limit long hole 301 penetrates through the platform 3. The output shaft of the second driving motor 10 passes through the limit long hole 301 and is connected to the turntable 402.

[0092] As Figure 6 shown, the moving component includes a support part and a driving part.

[0093] The support part includes a support plate 905, the support plate 905 is vertically connected to the lower surface of the platform 3, and the first side plate 906 and the second side plate 907 arranged at both ends of the support plate 905.

[0094] The driving part includes a first driving motor 901, a threaded rod 902, a slider 903 and a guide rod 904. The threaded rod 902 and the guide rod 904 are both arranged between the first side plate 906 and the second side plate 907. The slider 903 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 902. The slider 903 is slidably connected to the guide rod 904. The first side plate 906 is externally connected to the first driving motor 901. The output shaft of the first driving motor 901 penetrates through the first side plate 906 and is connected to the threaded rod 902.

[0095] In this embodiment, the support part has two functions. One is to provide support for the driving part. Secondly, the support part plays a connecting role. Its upper end is connected to the platform 3. The first side plates 906 and the second side plates 907 of the two moving components are respectively arranged on one side of the two support plates 905 close to each other. The first driving motor 901 is arranged outside the first side plate 906. Both ends of the guide rod 904 are connected to the first side plate 906 and the second side plate 907 respectively. One end of the threaded rod 902 is rotatably connected to the second side plate 907.

[0096] In addition, two guide rods 904 are provided. The two guide rods 904 are respectively arranged on both sides of the threaded rod 902. A threaded hole is provided at the center of the slider 903, and through holes are provided on both sides of the threaded hole. The threaded hole is in threaded cooperation with the threaded rod 902, and the through holes are slidably connected to the guide rods 904. By providing two guide rods 904, the load-bearing capacity of the slider 903 is further improved. The threaded rod 902 is driven to rotate by the first driving motor 901. Since there is a threaded connection between the slider 903 and the threaded rod 902, and the connection between the slider 903 and the guide rods 904 limits the rotation of the slider 903, the rotation of the threaded rod 902 will drive the slider 903 to move along the threaded rod 902, thereby realizing the movement of the second driving motor 10.

[0097] Embodiment 4

[0098] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that, as Figure 11 shown, a control box 6 is further provided on the vehicle frame 1. A first start button 27, a second start button 28, a third start button 29 and an emergency stop button 21 are provided on the control box 6. The emergency stop button 21 is used to cut off the power supply of the whole device emergently. The first start button 27, the second start button 28 and the third start button 29 respectively control the start and stop of the hydraulic rod 207, the moving component and the second driving motor 10. A power supply and a control module are provided in the control box 6. The hydraulic rod 207, the moving component and the second driving motor 10 are respectively electrically connected to the power supply and the control module.

[0099] In this embodiment, the start and stop of the hydraulic rod 207, the first driving motor 901 and the second driving motor 10 are respectively controlled by manually controlling the first start button 27, the second start button 28 and the third start button 29. In actual use, the second start button 28 should be pressed first to control the first driving motor to drive the rotating component to move, then the first start button 27 should be pressed to drive the lifting component to lift, and then the third start button 29 should be pressed to control the second driving motor to drive the rotating component to rotate.

[0100] Embodiment 5

[0101] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 4 is that, as Figure 5 shown, a start-stop button 20 and an emergency stop button 21 are provided on the control box 6. The emergency stop button 21 is used to cut off the power supply of the whole device emergently. The start-stop button 20 respectively controls the start and stop of the hydraulic rod 207, the moving component and the second driving motor 10. A power supply and a control module are provided in the control box 6. The hydraulic rod 207, the moving component and the second driving motor 10 are respectively electrically connected to the power supply and the control module.

[0102] As Figure 9 , Figure 10As shown, a pressure sensor 18 and an infrared receiver 24 are provided inside the sleeve 401. An infrared transmitter 25 is provided at the lower end of the central pin 5. A distance sensor 19 is provided on the turntable 402. The pressure sensor 18, the infrared receiver 24, the infrared transmitter 25, and the distance sensor 19 are electrically connected to the power supply and the control module respectively.

[0103] In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 18 is used to collect the pressure of the nut 15 on the pressure sensor 18. There are two pressure sensors 18, which are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the sleeve 401. The two pressure sensors 18 cooperate to detect the gravity of the nut 15 or the pressure provided by the sleeve 401 to the nut 15. When the nut 15 is being removed, when the pressure sensor 18 detects a sudden increase in pressure, it means that the nut 15 has been unscrewed and has fallen inside the sleeve 401, squeezing the pressure sensor 18. At this time, the control module can control the second drive motor 10 to stop rotating; the infrared transmitter 25 and the infrared receiver 24 cooperate to achieve the movement and positioning of the sleeve 401, so that the sleeve 401 is aligned with the nut 15. The infrared transmitter 25 is located at the center of the central pin 5, and the infrared receiver 24 is located at the center inside the sleeve 401. When the moving component drives the second drive motor 10 to drive the sleeve 401 to move, when the infrared receiver 24 receives the signal from the infrared transmitter 25, it means that the sleeve 401 is aligned with the nut 15, and the control module can control the first drive motor 901 to stop; the distance sensor 19 is used to detect the distance between the sleeve 401 and the central pin 5 to control the lifting speed of the lifting component 2 and control the lifting component 2 to stop.

[0104] Embodiment 6

[0105] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that, as Figure 10 shown, a connecting ring 17 is provided on the outer side of the lower end of the sleeve 401. The connecting ring 17 is bolted to the turntable 402. The distance sensor 19 is provided on the connecting ring 17. A supplementary light 22 is also provided on the connecting ring 17 to facilitate the operation of the operator.

[0106] A limiting hole 16 is provided on the sleeve 401. The limiting hole 16 is a hexagon that fits the nut 15. A tapered hole 26 is provided at the bottom of the limiting hole 16. The infrared receiver 24 is provided at the bottom of the tapered hole 26 to prevent the bolt from squeezing the infrared receiver 24.

[0107] Embodiment 7

[0108] A method for removing the nut of a train central pin includes the following steps:

[0109] Step 1: Sleeve adjustment

[0110] Move the vehicle frame 1 under the nut 15 to be removed. Press the second start button 28 to energize the first drive motor 901. The rotation of the first drive motor 901 is converted into the sliding of the slider 903, thereby driving the second drive motor 10, the turntable 402 and the sleeve 401 to move until the sleeve 401 moves to a position corresponding to the nut 15. Press the second start button 28 again to cut off the power supply of the first drive motor 901;

[0111] Step 2: Lifting adjustment

[0112] Press the first start button 27 to energize the hydraulic rod, so that the hydraulic rod extends, and drives the lifting assembly to extend upward through the hydraulic rod until the nut is sleeved inside the sleeve. Press the first start button 27 again to cut off the power supply of the hydraulic rod;

[0113] Step 3: Unscrew the nut

[0114] Press the third start button 29 to energize the second drive motor. The second drive motor drives the sleeve to rotate to unscrew the nut

[0115] Step 4: Remove the nut

[0116] Continue step 3 until the nut is removed;

[0117] Embodiment 7

[0118] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 6 is that steps 1, 2, 3 and 4 specifically include the following steps:

[0119] Step 1: Sleeve adjustment

[0120] Move the vehicle frame 1 under the nut 15 to be removed. Press the start-stop button 20 to energize. The control module first controls the movement component to move. During this process, the control module controls the infrared transmitter 25 and the infrared receiver 24 to work until the infrared receiver 24 receives the signal of the infrared transmitter 25, and then the control module controls the movement component, the infrared transmitter 25 and the infrared receiver 24 to stop;

[0121] Step 2. Lifting adjustment

[0122] The control module controls the hydraulic rod 201 to extend to raise the platform 3. The distance sensor 19 detects the distance between the sleeve 401 and the center pin 5. When the distance sensor 19 detects that the distance from the center pin 5 is less than 1 cm or the pressure sensor 18 detects an increase in pressure, the control module controls the lifting assembly 2 to stop;

[0123] Step 3: Unscrew the nut

[0124] The control module controls the second drive motor 10 to start, and at the same time controls the hydraulic rod 207 of the lifting assembly 2 to extend and retract. The hydraulic rod 201 drives the connecting rod to lower the platform 3. The second drive motor 10 drives the sleeve 401 to rotate and gradually unscrew the nut 15. The distance sensor 19 monitors the distance between the sleeve 401 and the center pin 5, and adjusts the hydraulic rod 201 in real time so that the descending rate of the lifting assembly 2 is consistent with the descending rate of the nut 15;

[0125] Step 4: Unscrew the nut

[0126] When the pressure sensor 18 detects a sudden increase in pressure, the control module controls the second drive motor 10 to stop. After the distance sensor 19 detects that the distance between the sleeve 401 and the center pin 5 reaches the removal threshold, the control module cuts off the power supply of the device.

[0127] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A train center pin nut removal device, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), a lifting assembly (2) and a rotating assembly (4). The frame (1) is provided with the lifting assembly (2), a platform (3) is provided above the lifting assembly (2), a horizontal moving assembly is provided on the platform (3), the moving assembly is connected to the rotating assembly (4), and the upper end of the rotating assembly (4) can be inserted into the center pin (5) to remove the nut (15).

2. A train center pin nut removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (4) comprises a second driving motor (10), a rotating disk (402) and a sleeve (401). The second drive motor (10) is connected to the moving assembly, and the upper and lower sides of the turntable (402) are respectively connected to the output shaft of the second drive motor (10) and the sleeve (401), and the sleeve (401) is used for sleeve-mounting the nut (15).

3. A train center pin nut removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with two lifting assemblies (2). The lifting assembly (2) comprises a first connecting rod (201), a second connecting rod (202), a third connecting rod (203) and a fourth connecting rod (204); the first connecting rod (201) and the second connecting rod (202) are hinged at the center; the third connecting rod (203) and the fourth connecting rod (204) are hinged at the center; one end of the first connecting rod (201) and the second connecting rod (202) are hinged to one end of the third connecting rod (203) and the fourth connecting rod (204) respectively; the other ends of the first connecting rod (201) and the third connecting rod (203) are hinged to the vehicle frame (1) and the platform (3) respectively; the other ends of the second connecting rod (202) and the fourth connecting rod (204) are slidably connected to the vehicle frame (1) and the platform (3) respectively.

4. A train center pin nut removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support rod (205) is provided between the two second connecting rods (202) and the two fourth connecting rods (204), and a hydraulic rod (207) is hinged between the two supporting rods (205).

5. A train center pin nut removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first slide grooves (101) are provided on both inner sides of the frame (1); one end of the second connecting rod (202) is rotatably connected to a second roller (23) via a connecting shaft (13); and the second roller (23) is in rolling cooperation with the first slide groove (101).

6. A train center pin nut removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two guide rails (11) are provided at the lower end of the platform (3), and a second slide groove (1101) is provided on the side where the two guide rails (11) are close to each other. One end of the fourth connecting rod (204) is rotatably connected to the first roller (12) through a connecting shaft (13), and the first roller (12) is rollingly matched with the second slide groove (1101).

7. A train center pin nut removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving component is arranged at the lower end of the platform (3), and two of the moving components are provided. The second drive motor (10) is arranged between the two moving components. The output shaft of the second drive motor (10) passes through the platform (3) and is connected to the turntable (402).

8. A train center pin nut removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The frame (1) is also provided with a control box (6), and the control box (6) is provided with a start / stop button (20) and an emergency stop button (21), and the start / stop button (20) respectively controls the start / stop of the hydraulic rod (207), the moving assembly and the second drive motor (10), and the control box (6) is provided with a power supply and a control module, and the hydraulic rod (207), the moving assembly and the second drive motor (10) are respectively electrically connected to the power supply and the control module.

9. A train center pin nut removal device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (18) and an infrared receiver (24) are provided inside the sleeve (401), an infrared transmitter (25) is provided at the lower end of the center pin (5), a distance sensor (19) is provided on the turntable (402), and the pressure sensor (18), the infrared receiver (24), the infrared transmitter (25) and the distance sensor (19) are electrically connected to the power supply and the control module respectively.

10. A train center pin nut removal method, implemented by using a train center pin nut removal device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Adjust the sleeve (401) The frame (1) is moved to below the nut (15) to be removed, and the start / stop button (20) is pressed to turn on the power. The control module first controls the moving component to move. During this process, the control module controls the infrared transmitter (25) and the infrared receiver (24) to work until the infrared receiver (24) receives the signal from the infrared transmitter (25). Then, the control module controls the moving component, the infrared transmitter (25) and the infrared receiver (24) to stop. Step 2: Lift and lower adjustment The control module controls the lifting assembly (2) to rise, and the distance sensor (19) detects the distance between the sleeve (401) and the center pin (5). When the distance sensor (19) detects that the distance from the center pin (5) reaches a minimum threshold or the pressure sensor (18) detects that the pressure increases, the control module controls the lifting assembly (2) to stop; Step 3: Tighten the nut (15) The control module controls the second drive motor (10) to start and controls the lifting assembly (2) to descend. The second drive motor (10) drives the sleeve (401) to rotate and gradually screw down the nut (15). The distance sensor (19) monitors the distance between the sleeve (401) and the center pin (5), and adjusts the descending rate of the lifting assembly (2) in real time so that the descending rate of the lifting assembly (2) is consistent with the descending rate of the nut (15). Step 4. Unscrew the nut (15) When the pressure sensor (18) detects that the pressure suddenly increases, the control module controls the second drive motor (10) to stop, and when the distance sensor (19) detects that the distance between the sleeve (401) and the center pin (5) reaches the removal threshold, the control module cuts off the power to the device.

Images