3D printing device and method for high-molecular intelligent material

Abstract

The invention discloses a 3D printing device and method for a high-molecular intelligent material, and belongs to the field of material manufacturing devices. The two sides of a base of the device are each provided with a Y-axis movement mechanism. The lower end of the portal frame is connected with one Y-axis movement mechanism. Two X-axis movement mechanisms are transversely arranged at the upper end of the portal frame; one first Z-axis movement mechanism is connected to one X-axis movement mechanism; a first mounting plate is arranged on each first Z-axis movement mechanism; at least two second Z-axis movement mechanisms are arranged on each first mounting plate; each second Z-axis movement mechanism is provided with one of a spray head mechanism, a light source module, a heating module, an electrostatic high-voltage module, a magnetic module or a height probe; a heating structure and a conveying structure of the workbench are arranged on a base in a replaceable mode, and a rolling brush structure is arranged on the heating structure or the conveying structure. The application is wider in applicability, multi-material composite printing or multifunctional collaborative processing can be realized, and continuous operation of printing and conveying can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material manufacturing devices, and in particular to a 3D printing device and method for polymer intelligent materials. Background Art

[0002] Polymer intelligent materials such as liquid crystal elastomers, as representatives of the fourth-generation materials, have the ability of dynamic response to external multi-physical field stimuli such as sound, light, heat, force, and magnetism, and have been widely used in fields such as flexible electronics, biomedicine, and adaptive robots. Existing polymer intelligent material printing devices can achieve controllable deformation of materials in the space-time dimension (such as self-folding structures, topological reconstructions, etc.) by controlling material formulations (such as shape memory polymer / hydrogel composite systems), hot stage gradient temperatures (adjustable from 50°C to 220°C), and dynamic printing paths (curvature accuracy up to 0.1 mm).

[0003] However, most existing printing devices use single or a small number of fixed nozzles, and the functions of the nozzle assemblies are fixed, unable to be flexibly adapted according to the characteristics of polymer intelligent materials, resulting in limited applicability, unable to achieve multi-material composite printing or multi-functional collaborative processing, and the prepared polymer intelligent materials have certain limitations and are difficult to meet the integrated preparation requirements of polymer intelligent materials. The hot stage is non-replaceable and unable to achieve continuous operation of printing and transmission, resulting in the forming size of polymer intelligent materials being restricted by the physical space of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a 3D printing device and method for polymer intelligent materials, which can solve the problems that existing devices have limited applicability, are unable to achieve multi-material composite printing or multi-functional collaborative processing, the prepared polymer intelligent materials have certain limitations, and are difficult to meet the integrated preparation requirements of polymer intelligent materials. The hot stage is non-replaceable and unable to achieve continuous operation of printing and transmission, resulting in the forming size of polymer intelligent materials being restricted by the physical space of the device.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials, including a base, an X-axis movement mechanism, a Y-axis movement mechanism, a first Z-axis movement mechanism, a second Z-axis movement mechanism, a gantry, a first mounting plate, a workbench, and a nozzle mechanism;

[0007] One of the Y-axis movement mechanisms is respectively arranged on both sides of the base;

[0008] The lower end of the gantry is respectively connected to one of the Y-axis movement mechanisms;

[0009] Two of the X-axis movement mechanisms are arranged horizontally at the upper end of the gantry;

[0010] One of the first Z-axis moving mechanisms is connected to one of the X-axis moving mechanisms;

[0011] A first mounting plate is provided on each of the first Z-axis moving mechanisms;

[0012] At least two of the second Z-axis moving mechanisms are provided on each of the first mounting plates;

[0013] One of the nozzle mechanism, the light source module, the heating module, the electrostatic high-voltage module, the magnetic module or the height probe is provided on each of the second Z-axis moving mechanisms;

[0014] The workbench includes a rolling brush structure, a heating structure or a conveying structure;

[0015] The heating structure and the conveying structure can be alternatively arranged on the base;

[0016] The rolling brush structure is arranged on the heating structure or the conveying structure, and can scrape and orient the mixed solution sprayed from the nozzle mechanism onto the workbench, and then perform shaping through the working of the module adapted according to the forming characteristics of the prepared polymer intelligent material, so as to obtain the polymer intelligent material.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner in combination with the first aspect, the nozzle mechanism includes a first multi-functional fixture, a second multi-functional fixture, a barrel and a nozzle;

[0018] The first multi-functional fixture is arranged on the second Z-axis moving mechanism and clamps the barrel;

[0019] The second multi-functional fixture is arranged at the front end of the first multi-functional fixture and clamps the nozzle;

[0020] The barrel is communicated with the nozzle.

[0021] In a possible implementation manner in combination with the first aspect, the nozzle mechanism includes a first mounting frame, a first driving structure, a first driving gear, a first driven gear, a first threaded lead screw, a first pressing block, a first barrel, a second driving structure, a second driving gear, a second driven gear, a second threaded lead screw, a second pressing block, a second barrel, a mixing nozzle and a needle;

[0022] The first mounting frame includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a first support column;

[0023] The top plate and the bottom plate are arranged in parallel;

[0024] Four of the first support columns are arranged in parallel and arrayed between the top plate and the bottom plate;

[0025] The first driving structure is arranged below the bottom plate, and the output shaft extends out of the bottom plate;

[0026] The first driving gear is arranged at the extending end of the output shaft of the first driving structure;

[0027] The first driven gear meshes with the first driving gear and is sleeved on the first threaded lead screw;

[0028] The first pressing block is arranged at the bottom of the first threaded lead screw and extends into the first material cylinder;

[0029] The second driving structure is arranged below the bottom plate, and the output shaft extends out of the bottom plate;

[0030] The second driving gear is arranged at the extending end of the output shaft of the second driving structure;

[0031] The second driven gear meshes with the second driving gear and is sleeved on the second threaded lead screw;

[0032] The second pressing block is arranged at the bottom of the second threaded lead screw and extends into the second material cylinder;

[0033] The bottom of the first material cylinder and the bottom of the second material cylinder are both communicated with the upper end of the mixing nozzle;

[0034] The lower end of the mixing nozzle is communicated with the upper end of the needle.

[0035] Combined with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the nozzle mechanism further includes a second mounting plate and second support columns;

[0036] Four of the second support columns are arranged in an array on the bottom plate;

[0037] The second mounting plate is arranged above the second support columns;

[0038] The first threaded lead screw passes through the second mounting plate and is rotatably connected to the second mounting plate;

[0039] The second driven gear is arranged on the second mounting plate;

[0040] The second threaded lead screw passes through the top plate and is rotatably connected to the top plate;

[0041] The surface of the second mounting plate facing the positions where the first driving gear and the second driving gear are located is provided with a groove for avoiding the first driving gear and the second driving gear.

[0042] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the rolling brush structure includes a platform pressing plate, a walking assembly, a first portal frame, a height adjustment assembly, a first support plate, a fixing plate, a roller shaft, rollers, and a first driving assembly;

[0043] The two fixing plates are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first support plate;

[0044] Both ends of the roller shaft are rotatably arranged on the two fixing plates;

[0045] The rollers are sleeved on the roller shaft;

[0046] The first driving assembly is connected to one end of the roller shaft;

[0047] At least one height adjustment assembly is arranged on the first upper plate of the first portal frame. After passing through the first upper plate, the lower end is connected to the first support plate;

[0048] The two first side plates of the first portal frame are connected to the walking assembly. The walking assembly is arranged on the platform pressing plate, and the walking assembly drives the first portal frame to walk along the platform pressing plate.

[0049] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the rolling brush structure further includes a second portal frame and fixing bolts;

[0050] The second portal frame is arranged between the first portal frame and the support plate;

[0051] One vertical strip-shaped first through groove is respectively arranged on the upper parts of the two side plates of the first portal frame;

[0052] On the upper parts of the two second side plates of the second portal frame, a plurality of fixing holes arranged in a vertical linear array are respectively provided, and on the lower parts, one vertical strip-shaped second through groove is respectively provided;

[0053] Both ends of the roller shaft are rotatably arranged in one of the second through grooves;

[0054] The two fixing bolts respectively pass through one of the first through grooves and are fixed in the fixing holes at the corresponding positions.

[0055] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the rolling brush structure further includes fixing columns and first elastic members;

[0056] At least one first through hole is provided on the support plate;

[0057] On the first top plate of the second portal frame, second through holes corresponding in number and position to the first through holes are provided;

[0058] A fixing post is respectively arranged in each of the first through hole and the second through hole;

[0059] A first elastic member is arranged at each first through hole, and two ends of the first elastic member are respectively fixed to a fixing post.

[0060] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the conveying structure includes a second mounting bracket, a second driving assembly, a driving roller, a driven roller, a conveyor belt, a support rod, a second support plate, a bolt and a first heating plate;

[0061] The driving roller and the driven roller are arranged in parallel on the second mounting bracket;

[0062] The second driving assembly is connected to the driving roller;

[0063] The conveyor belt is sleeved on the driving roller and the driven roller;

[0064] At least one support rod is arranged on the second mounting bracket and is located in the inner space of the conveyor belt;

[0065] The second support plate is placed on the support rod;

[0066] A bolt penetrating upward from bottom is respectively arranged at four corners of the second support plate;

[0067] The first heating plate is arranged on the top surface of the bolt.

[0068] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the heating structure includes a placing plate, a heat insulation cotton, a second heating plate and a cover body;

[0069] The placing plate is arranged on the base;

[0070] The heat insulation cotton is arranged on the placing plate;

[0071] The second heating plate is placed on the heat insulation cotton;

[0072] The cover body is buckled above the second heating plate, and a lead of the second heating plate passes through the cover body.

[0073] In a second aspect, another embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D printing method for a polymer intelligent material, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned 3D printing device for a polymer intelligent material, and includes:

[0074] According to actual requirements, a nozzle mechanism, a light source module, a heating module, an electrostatic high voltage module, a magnetic module or a height probe is arranged on the second Z-axis movement mechanism, and at least two nozzle mechanisms are ensured;

[0075] Place a mixed solution required for preparing a polymer intelligent material in each nozzle mechanism;

[0076] The X-axis motion mechanism, Y-axis motion mechanism, first Z-axis motion mechanism, and second Z-axis motion mechanism move to spray a variety of mixed solutions onto the workbench along a pre-designed printing path through the nozzle mechanism. The sprayed mixed solution is scraped and oriented by a roller brush structure, and a suitable module is selected to work according to the forming characteristics of the prepared polymer intelligent material for shaping, obtaining the polymer intelligent material.

[0077] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0078] In the 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the nozzle mechanism, point light source, heating module, electrostatic high-voltage module, magnetic module, or height probe is arranged on the second Z-axis motion mechanism and can move along the Z-axis direction. The second Z-axis motion mechanism is arranged on the first mounting plate, the first mounting plate is arranged on the first Z-axis motion mechanism, one first Z-axis motion mechanism is connected to one X-axis motion mechanism, the X-axis motion mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the gantry, the lower ends of the gantry are respectively connected to one Y-axis motion mechanism arranged on both sides of the base, and the workbench is arranged on the base. Thus, the nozzle mechanism, point light source, heating module, electrostatic high-voltage module, magnetic module, or height probe can perform three-dimensional motion in the OX, OY, and OZ directions relative to the base, thereby realizing 3D printing. In the device of the embodiments of the present invention, one of the nozzle mechanism, point light source, heating module, electrostatic high-voltage module, magnetic module, or height probe is arranged on each second Z-axis motion mechanism, which can realize the simultaneous operation of multiple nozzles. Also, according to the material characteristics, a structure with the required functions can be arranged on the second Z-axis motion mechanism, endowing the preparation conditions for the polymer intelligent materials. The device has a wider applicability, can realize multi-material composite printing or multi-functional collaborative processing, the types of the prepared polymer intelligent materials are more, and can meet the integrated preparation requirements of the polymer intelligent materials. The heating structure and the conveying structure can be alternately arranged on the base. By replacing the heating structure with a conveying mechanism, the "infinite" long printing function of printing while conveying can be realized, and the continuous operation of printing and transmission can be achieved. Thus, the forming size of the material is no longer restricted by the physical space of the device. Description of the Drawings

[0079] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0080] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0081] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0082] Figure 3 Partial structural schematic diagram of the 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0083] Figure 4 Partial structural schematic diagram of the 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0084] Figure 5 Partial structural schematic diagram of the 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0085] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the nozzle mechanism provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0086] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the nozzle mechanism provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0087] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the roller brush structure provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0088] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the roller brush structure provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0089] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the conveyor structure provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0090] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the heating structure provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0091] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the heating structure provided by the embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0092] Figure 13 Schematic provided for Embodiment 4 of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0093] Figure 14 Schematic provided for Embodiment 4 of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0094] Figure 15 Schematic diagram provided for Embodiment 8 of the present application;

[0095] Figure 16 Schematic provided for Embodiment 9 of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0096] Figure 17 Schematic provided for Embodiment 9 of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0097] Figure 18 Schematic provided for Embodiment 10 of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0098] Figure 19 Schematic provided for Embodiment 10 of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0099] Figure 20 Schematic diagram provided for Embodiment 13 of the present application.

[0100] Icons: 1 - Base; 2 - X-axis movement mechanism; 21 - U-shaped frame; 22 - Second guide groove; 3 - Y-axis movement mechanism; 4 - First Z-axis movement mechanism; 5 - Second Z-axis movement mechanism; 6 - Gantry; 61 - U-shaped guide rail; 7 - First mounting plate; 8 - Workbench; 81 - Brush structure; 81A - Platform pressure plate; 81B - Traveling assembly; 81Ba - Second motor; 81Bb - Second driving pulley; 81Bc - Second driven pulley; 81Bd - Second belt; 81Be - First main shaft; 81Bf - Second main shaft; 81Bg - Third driven pulley; 81Bh - Fourth driven pulley; 81Bi - Third belt; 81Bj - Inverted T-shaped guide groove; 81Bk - Guide block; 81C - First portal frame; 81D - Height adjustment assembly; 81E - First support plate; 81F - Fixed plate; 81G - Roller; 81H - Roller; 81I - First driving assembly; 81Ia - First motor; 81Ib - First driving pulley; 81Ic - First driven pulley; 81Id - First belt; 81J - Second portal frame; 81K - Fixing bolt; 81L - Fixed column; 81M - First elastic member; 82 - Heating structure; 821 - Placing plate; 822 - Heat insulation cotton; 823 - Second heating plate; 824 - Cover; 825 - Wire clamping box; 83 - Conveying structure; 83A - Second mounting bracket; 83B - Driving roller; 83C - Driven roller; 83D - Conveyor belt; 83E - Support rod; 83F - Second support plate; 83G - Bolt; 83H - First heating plate; 83I - Second elastic member; 9 - Spraying head mechanism; 91 - First multi-functional fixture; 92 - Second multi-functional fixture; 93 - Cartridge; 94 - Spraying head; 9A - First mounting bracket; 9A1 - Top plate; 9A2 - Bottom plate; 9A3 - First support column; 9A4 - Side plate; 9B - First driving structure; 9C - First driving gear; 9D - First driven gear; 9E - First threaded lead screw; 9F - First cartridge; 9G - Second driven gear; 9H - Second threaded lead screw; 9I - Second pressing block; 9J - Second cartridge; 9K - Mixing nozzle; 9L - Needle; 9M - Second mounting plate; 9N - Second support column; 9O - First cover; 9P - Second cover; 9Q - Third cover; 10 - Height probe. Detailed implementation

[0101] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0102] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. The terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the embodiments of the present invention provide a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials, including a base 1, an X-axis movement mechanism 2, a Y-axis movement mechanism 3, a first Z-axis movement mechanism 4, a second Z-axis movement mechanism 5, a gantry 6, a first mounting plate 7, a workbench 8, and a nozzle mechanism 9.

[0104] A Y-axis movement mechanism 3 is respectively arranged on both sides of the base 1. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the base 1 is in the shape of a closed hexahedron.

[0105] The lower ends of the gantry 6 are respectively connected to a Y-axis movement mechanism 3. The Y-axis movement mechanism 3 can be a first linear module, and the lower end of the gantry 6 is connected to the slide of the first linear module. The Y-axis movement mechanism 3 can also be a first track structure ( Figure 2 a partial structural schematic diagram of the track structure is shown in), and the lower end of the gantry 6 is connected to the first track of the first track structure. Further, a first guide groove is provided at the lower end of the gantry 6, and a first guide rail extending in the Y-axis direction is provided on the side surface of the base 1. The first guide groove is arranged on the first guide rail, and the first guide groove can move along the first guide rail, thereby driving the gantry 6 to move in the Y-axis direction.

[0106] Two X-axis movement mechanisms 2 are arranged horizontally (in the OX-axis direction) at the upper end of the gantry 6. A first Z-axis movement mechanism 4 is connected to an X-axis movement mechanism 2. The X-axis movement mechanism 2 can include a U-shaped frame 21, a second guide groove 22, and a second track structure ( Figure 3 a partial structural schematic diagram of the second track structure is shown in). As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the second guide groove 22 includes a first horizontal plate, a first vertical plate, a second horizontal plate, a second vertical plate, a third horizontal plate, a third vertical plate, and a fourth horizontal plate that are vertically arranged in sequence. Among them, the first horizontal plate and the fourth horizontal plate are parallel. The U-shaped frame 21 is placed horizontally, and the bottom surface of the U-shaped frame 21 is fixed to the top surface of the first horizontal plate. The side surface of the U-shaped frame 21, the side surfaces of the first horizontal plate and the fourth horizontal plate are fixed to the first Z-axis motion mechanism 4. The top plate of the U-shaped frame 21 is fixed to the second track of the second track structure. The gantry 6 further includes a U-shaped guide rail 61. The two side plates of the U-shaped guide rail 61 are respectively arranged in the U-shaped grooves formed by the first horizontal plate, the first vertical plate, and the second horizontal plate, the third horizontal plate, the third vertical plate, and the fourth horizontal plate, so as to realize the sliding of the U-shaped guide rail 61 along the second guide groove 22. The first Z-axis motion mechanism 4 is fixed to the U-shaped frame 21 and the second guide groove 22, so that the first Z-axis motion mechanism 4 can move along the X-axis direction under the drive of the second track mechanism.

[0107] The X-axis motion mechanism 2 may further include a U-shaped frame 21, a second guide groove 22, and a second linear module. The structures of the U-shaped frame 21 and the second guide groove 22 are as described above and will not be elaborated here. The top plate of the U-shaped frame 21 is connected to the slide of the second linear module.

[0108] A first mounting plate 7 is arranged on each first Z-axis motion mechanism 4. As Figure 4 shown, the first Z-axis motion mechanism 4 may be a third linear module. The first mounting plate 7 is fixed to the slide of the third linear module.

[0109] As Figure 1 shown, at least two second Z-axis motion mechanisms 5 are arranged on each first mounting plate 7. One of a nozzle mechanism 9, a point light source, a heating module, an electrostatic high-voltage module, a magnetic module, or a height probe 10 is arranged on each second Z-axis motion mechanism 5. The second Z-axis motion mechanism 5 may be a fourth linear module. The nozzle mechanism 9, the point light source, the heating module, the electrostatic high-voltage module, the magnetic module, or the height probe 10 is arranged on the slide of the fourth linear module.

[0110] As Figure 1 shown, a schematic structural diagram shows that three second Z-axis motion mechanisms 5 are arranged on each first mounting plate 7, the nozzle mechanism 9 is arranged on two second Z-axis motion mechanisms 5, and the height probe 10 is arranged on one second Z-axis motion mechanism 5, so that the device realizes the four-nozzle replaceable technology, realizes a four-nozzle system that is independent, detachable, replaceable, and independently programmable, can customize the printing path and printing rate, and greatly expands the adjustable range during printing of materials. The structure with the required functions can be set on the second Z-axis motion mechanism 5, providing the preparation conditions for the polymer intelligent material.

[0111] The workbench 8 includes a roller brush structure 81, a heating structure 82, or a conveying structure 83. The heating structure 82 and the conveying structure 83 can be alternatively arranged on the base 1. The roller brush structure 81 is arranged on the heating structure 82 or the conveying structure 83, and can scrape and orient the mixed solution sprayed by the nozzle mechanism 9 onto the workbench 8 (to meet the crystal orientation conditions required for the preparation of the polymer intelligent material). Then, according to the forming characteristics of the prepared polymer intelligent material, the appropriate module is selected to work for shaping (such as selecting the heating module if heating is required, or selecting the light source module if curing is required), and the polymer intelligent material is obtained. Replacing the heating structure 82 with a conveying mechanism can achieve the "infinite" long printing function of printing and conveying simultaneously, that is, continuous operation of printing and transmission, so that the forming size of the material is no longer restricted by the physical space of the device.

[0112] In the 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the nozzle mechanism 9, the point light source, the heating module, the electrostatic high-voltage module, the magnetic module, or the height probe 10 is arranged on the second Z-axis moving mechanism 5 and can move along the Z-axis direction. The second Z-axis moving mechanism 5 is arranged on the first mounting plate 7, the first mounting plate 7 is arranged on the first Z-axis moving mechanism 4, one first Z-axis moving mechanism 4 is connected to one X-axis moving mechanism 2, the X-axis moving mechanism 2 is arranged at the upper end of the gantry 6, the lower ends of the gantry 6 are respectively connected to one Y-axis moving mechanism 3 arranged on both sides of the base 1, and the workbench 8 is arranged on the base. Thus, the nozzle mechanism 9, the point light source, the heating module, the electrostatic high-voltage module, the magnetic module, or the height probe 10 can perform three-dimensional movements in the OX, OY, and OZ directions relative to the base 1, so as to realize 3D printing. In the device of the embodiments of the present invention, one of the nozzle mechanism 9, the point light source, the heating module, the electrostatic high-voltage module, the magnetic module, or the height probe 10 is arranged on each second Z-axis moving mechanism 5, which can realize the simultaneous operation of multiple nozzles 94. Also, according to the material characteristics, the structure with the required function can be arranged on the second Z-axis moving mechanism 5, endowing the preparation conditions for the polymer intelligent material. The device has a wider applicability, can realize multi-material composite printing or multi-functional collaborative processing, and can prepare more types of polymer intelligent materials, and can meet the integrated preparation requirements of polymer intelligent materials. The heating structure 82 and the conveying structure 83 can be alternatively arranged on the base 1. Replacing the heating structure 82 with a conveying mechanism can achieve the "infinite" long printing function of printing and conveying simultaneously, realizing continuous operation of printing and transmission, so that the forming size of the material is no longer restricted by the physical space of the device.

[0113] The device of the embodiments of the present application can be widely applied to the preparation of multi-functional materials, multi-material systems, multi-layer materials, hybrid gradient materials, or fine materials. It can achieve precise quantitative feeding, area feeding according to design requirements, can be digitally edited and combined, and can have various excitation conditions such as ultraviolet, temperature, ultrasound, light, electricity, and magnetism.

[0114] Such as Figures 1 - 5As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a nozzle mechanism 9, which includes a first multi-functional fixture 91, a second multi-functional fixture 92, a cartridge 93, and a nozzle 94. The first multi-functional fixture 91 is arranged on the second Z-axis motion mechanism 5 and clamps the cartridge 93. The second multi-functional fixture 92 is arranged at the front end of the first multi-functional fixture 91 and clamps the nozzle 94. The cartridge 93 is communicated with the nozzle 94.

[0115] In practice, printing raw materials are placed in the cartridge 93. During 3D printing, the printing raw materials in the cartridge 93 are input into the nozzle 94, and the nozzle 94 outputs the printing raw materials. Each nozzle 94 has the functional characteristics of independent loading and precise quantification. By setting a plurality of nozzles 94, a variety of printing raw materials can be output simultaneously.

[0116] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a nozzle mechanism 9, which includes a first mounting bracket 9A, a first driving structure 9B, a first driving gear 9C, a first driven gear 9D, a first threaded lead screw 9E, a first pressing block, a first cartridge 9F, a second driving structure, a second driving gear, a second driven gear 9G, a second threaded lead screw 9H, a second pressing block 9I, a second cartridge 9J, a mixing nozzle 9K, and a needle 9L.

[0117] The first mounting bracket 9A includes a top plate 9A1, a bottom plate 9A2, and four first support columns 9A3. The top plate 9A1 and the bottom plate 9A2 are arranged in parallel. The four first support columns 9A3 are arranged in a parallel array between the top plate 9A1 and the bottom plate 9A2. Thus, the first mounting bracket 9A has a hexahedron structure.

[0118] The first driving structure 9B is arranged below the bottom plate 9A2, and the output shaft extends out of the bottom plate 9A2. The first driving gear 9C is arranged at the extending end of the output shaft of the first driving structure 9B. The first driven gear 9D meshes with the first driving gear 9C and is sleeved on the first threaded lead screw 9E. The first pressing block is arranged at the bottom of the first threaded lead screw 9E and extends into the first cartridge 9F.

[0119] The second driving structure is arranged below the bottom plate 9A2, and the output shaft extends out of the bottom plate 9A2. The second driving gear is arranged at the extending end of the output shaft of the second driving structure. The second driven gear 9G meshes with the second driving gear and is sleeved on the second threaded lead screw 9H. The second pressing block 9I is arranged at the bottom of the second threaded lead screw 9H and extends into the second cartridge 9J.

[0120] The bottom of the first cartridge 9F and the bottom of the second cartridge 9J are both communicated with the upper end of the mixing nozzle 9K. The lower end of the mixing nozzle 9K is communicated with the upper end of the needle 9L.

[0121] When actually mixing the printing materials, the first mounting bracket 9A serves to support the first driving structure 9B and the second driving structure. The first driving structure 9B and the second driving structure can be motors. Since the first driving gear 9C is disposed at the protruding end of the output shaft of the first driving structure 9B, the first driven gear 9D meshes with the first driving gear 9C and is sleeved on the first threaded lead screw 9E. The first pressing block is disposed at the bottom of the first threaded lead screw 9E and extends into the first cartridge 9F. When the first driving structure 9B operates to drive the output shaft to rotate, the output shaft drives the first driving gear 9C to rotate, the first driving gear 9C drives the first driven gear 9D to rotate. If the first mounting bracket 9A is fixed, the first threaded lead screw 9E moves up and down relative to the first driven gear 9D. Since the first pressing block is disposed at the bottom of the first threaded rod and extends into the first cartridge 9F, the first pressing block can move up and down relative to the first cartridge 9F. When the first pressing block moves downward, it can press down the printing materials in the first cartridge 9F.

[0122] Similarly, since the second driving gear is disposed at the protruding end of the output shaft of the second driving structure, the second driven gear 9G meshes with the second driving gear and is sleeved on the second threaded lead screw 9H. The second pressing block 9I is disposed at the bottom of the second threaded lead screw 9H and extends into the second cartridge 9J. When the second driving structure operates to drive the output shaft to rotate, the output shaft drives the second driving gear to rotate, the second driving gear drives the second driven gear 9G to rotate. If the first mounting bracket 9A is fixed, the second threaded lead screw 9H moves up and down relative to the second driven gear 9G. Since the second pressing block 9I is disposed at the bottom of the second threaded rod and extends into the second cartridge 9J, the second pressing block 9I can move up and down relative to the second cartridge 9J. When the second pressing block 9I moves downward, it can press down the printing materials in the second cartridge 9J.

[0123] Since the bottoms of the first cartridge 9F and the second cartridge 9J are both communicated with the upper end of the mixing nozzle 9K. The lower end of the mixing nozzle 9K is communicated with the upper end of the needle 9L. The printing materials pressed down from the first cartridge 9F and the second cartridge 9J enter the mixing nozzle 9K to be mixed and then are input to the needle 9L and ejected from the needle 9L. The nozzle mechanism 9 provided by the embodiment of the present application can accurately control the pressing amounts of the first threaded lead screw 9E and the second threaded lead screw 9H respectively through the first driving structure 9B and the second driving structure, thereby accurately controlling the output amount of the printing materials and achieving a better printing effect.

[0124] Further, continue to refer to Figure 6 As shown, the nozzle mechanism 9 further includes a second mounting plate 9M and second support columns 9N. Four second support columns 9N are arranged in an array on the bottom plate 9A2. The second mounting plate 9M is disposed above the second support columns 9N.

[0125] The first threaded lead screw 9E passes through the second mounting plate 9M and is rotatably connected to the second mounting plate 9M. At this time, the second mounting plate 9M can play a role in stabilizing and guiding the upper end of the first threaded lead screw 9E, enabling the first threaded lead screw 9E to move up and down more stably.

[0126] The second driven gear 9G is arranged on the second mounting plate 9M. The second threaded lead screw 9H passes through the top plate 9A1 and is rotatably connected to the top plate 9A1. At this time, the top plate 9A1 can play a role in stabilizing and guiding the upper end of the second threaded lead screw 9H, enabling the second threaded lead screw 9H to move up and down more stably.

[0127] The arrangement of the second mounting plate 9M can make the second driven gear 9G located above the first driven gear 9D, and their projections on the plane can overlap. In order to mesh the second driven gear 9G with the first driven gear 9D, the height of the first driving gear 9C also needs to be raised. The projections of the first driving gear 9C and the second driven gear 9G on the plane can overlap, thus saving installation space and enabling the first driving gear 9C and the second driving gear, the first driven gear 9D and the second driven gear 9G to work without interference.

[0128] The second mounting plate 9M is provided with grooves for avoiding the first driving gear 9C and the second driving gear on the surface facing the first driving gear 9C and the second driving gear, thereby further saving installation space.

[0129] As Figure 7 shown, a first cover 9O is provided at the upper ends of the first threaded lead screw 9E and the second threaded lead screw 9H. Side plates 9A4 are provided on the four sides of the first mounting frame 9A. A second cover 9P is provided outside the first driving structure 9B and the second driving structure. A third cover 9Q is provided between the first mounting frame 9A and the first material cylinder 9F, and between the first mounting frame 9A and the second material cylinder 9J, so as to protect the components inside the first cover 9O, the first mounting frame 9A, the second cover 9P and the third cover 9Q from being damaged. In practice, the second cover 9P can be fixed to the second Z-axis moving mechanism 5. When there is no second cover 9P, the first mounting frame 9A can also be fixed to the second Z-axis moving mechanism 5.

[0130] As Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown, the brush roller structure 81 includes a platform pressing plate 81A, a traveling assembly 81B, a first portal frame 81C, a height adjusting assembly 81D, a first support plate 81E, a fixing plate 81F, a roller 81G, a roller 81H and a driving assembly.

[0131] As Figure 8As described above, two fixing plates 81F are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first support plate 81E to form an inverted U shape. Both ends of the roller 81G are rotatably arranged on the two fixing plates 81F. The roller 81H is sleeved on the roller 81G. The first driving assembly 81I is connected to one end of the roller 81G. At least one height adjustment assembly 81D is arranged on the first upper plate of the first portal frame 81C (as Figure 8 shown in the structural schematic diagram where the height adjustment assembly 81D is two). After passing through the first upper plate, the lower end is connected to the first support plate 81E. The two first side plates of the first portal frame 81C are connected to the walking assembly 81B. The walking assembly 81B is arranged on the platform pressing plate 81A. The walking assembly 81B drives the first portal frame 81C to walk along the platform pressing plate 81A. The height adjustment assembly 81D can be a digital micrometer head.

[0132] During actual operation, since at least one height adjustment assembly 81D is arranged on the first upper plate of the first portal frame 81C, after passing through the first upper plate, the lower end is connected to the first support plate 81E. The two fixing plates 81F are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first support plate 81E. Both ends of the roller 81G are rotatably arranged on the two fixing plates 81F. The roller 81H is sleeved on the roller 81G. Therefore, by adjusting the height adjustment assembly 81D, the distance between the surface of the roller 81H and the platform pressing plate 81A can be adjusted. Since the two first side plates 9A4 of the first portal frame 81C are connected to the walking assembly 81B, the walking assembly 81B drives the first portal frame 81C to walk along the platform pressing plate 81A. The height adjustment assembly 81D is arranged on the first upper plate of the first portal frame 81C. After passing through the first upper plate, the lower end is connected to the first support plate 81E. Thus, while the roller 81H rotates driven by the first driving assembly 81I itself, it can move along the platform pressing plate 81A, and then roll-press the printing material to achieve rolling friction.

[0133] As Figure 9 shown, the first driving assembly 81I includes a first motor 81Ia, a first driving pulley 81Ib, a first driven pulley 81Ic and a first belt 81Id. The output shaft of the first motor 81Ia is sleeved with the first driving pulley 81Ib. The second driven pulley 81Bc is sleeved on the roller 81G. The first belt 81Id is sleeved on the first driving pulley 81Ib and the second driving pulley 81Bb. When the first motor 81Ia works, it drives the first driving pulley 81Ib to rotate, thereby driving the first belt 81Id and the second driven pulley 81Bc to rotate. The second driven pulley 81Bc drives the roller 81G to rotate, and then drives the roller 81H to rotate.

[0134] Referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the walking assembly 81B includes a second motor 81Ba, a second driving pulley 81Bb, a second driven pulley 81Bc, a second belt 81Bd, a first main shaft 81Be, a second main shaft 81Bf, a third driven pulley 81Bg, a fourth driven pulley 81Bh, a third belt 81Bi, an inverted T-shaped guide groove 81Bj, and a guide block 81Bk. The output shaft of the second motor 81Ba is sleeved with the second driving pulley 81Bb, the second driven pulley 81Bc is sleeved on the first main shaft 81Be, the second driving pulley 81Bb and the second driven pulley 81Bc are sleeved with the second belt 81Bd. The first main shaft 81Be and the second main shaft 81Bf are arranged in parallel on both sides of the platform pressing plate 81A. Both ends of the first main shaft 81Be are respectively sleeved with a third driven pulley 81Bg, and both ends of the second main shaft 81Bf are respectively sleeved with the fourth driven pulley 81Bh. The third belt 81Bi is sleeved on the third driven pulley 81Bg and the fourth driven pulley 81Bh at each corresponding position.

[0135] The inverted T-shaped guide groove 81Bj is provided with an inverted T-shaped through groove along the length direction. An inverted T-shaped guide groove 81Bj is respectively arranged on both sides of the platform pressing plate 81A, and the length direction of the inverted T-shaped guide groove 81Bj is perpendicular to the first main shaft 81Be. The guide block 81Bk includes a U-shaped sub-block and an inverted T-shaped sub-block. The U-shaped sub-block is horizontally arranged on the first side plate of the first portal frame 81C and the opening faces outward. The top surface of the inverted T-shaped sub-block is integrally formed with the bottom surface of the U-shaped sub-block. The third belt 81Bi passes through the opening of the U-shaped sub-block and is fixed to the U-shaped sub-block. The inverted T-shaped sub-block is arranged in the inverted T-shaped through groove of the inverted T-shaped guide groove 81Bj and can slide along the inverted T-shaped through groove.

[0136] In actual work, the output shaft of the second motor 81Ba drives the second driving pulley 81Bb to rotate, the second driven pulley 81Bc and the second belt 81Bd rotate, the second driven pulley 81Bc drives the first main shaft 81Be, the third driven pulley 81Bg, the second main shaft 81Bf, the fourth driven pulley 81Bh, and the third belt 81Bi to rotate. Thus, the third belt 81Bi drives the first portal frame 81C and the roller 81H to walk along the platform pressing plate 81A.

[0137] Further, the brush structure 81 further includes a scraper (not shown in the figure). The roller 81G, the roller 81H, and the first driving assembly 81I can be removed, and both ends of the scraper are installed at the position where the first roller 81G is installed. Two hinge ears can also be arranged in parallel on the front end face of the first support plate 81E, and both ends of the scraper are in interference fit with the hinge holes of the hinge ears. When the scraper is needed, the scraper is rotated towards the platform pressing plate 81A, and when the scraper is not needed, the scraper is rotated away from the platform pressing plate 81A. The scraper can achieve planar friction.

[0138] Further, continue to refer to Figure 8And Figure 9 As shown, the roller brush structure 81 further includes a second portal frame 81J and fixing bolts 81K. The second portal frame 81J is disposed between the first portal frame 81C and the first support plate 81E. On the upper parts of the two first side plates of the first portal frame 81C, a vertical strip-shaped first through groove is respectively provided. On the upper parts of the two second side plates of the second portal frame 81J, a plurality of fixing holes arranged in a vertical linear array are respectively provided, and on the lower parts, a vertical strip-shaped second through groove is respectively provided. Both ends of the roller 81G are rotatably disposed in a second through groove. The two fixing bolts 81K respectively pass through a first through groove and are fixed in the fixing holes at corresponding positions.

[0139] In practice, after the height adjustment assembly 81D adjusts the height, the two fixing bolts 81K respectively pass through a first through groove and are fixed in the fixing holes at corresponding positions, so as to further stably fix the roller 81G. The setting of the first through groove enables the position of the bolt 83G to have a moving space longitudinally during height adjustment. The setting of the second through groove enables both ends of the roller 81G to have a moving space longitudinally during height adjustment.

[0140] Optionally, the roller brush structure 81 further includes fixing columns 81L and first elastic members 81M. At least one first through hole is provided on the first support plate 81E. Second through holes corresponding in number and position to the first through holes are provided on the second top plate of the second portal frame 81J. A fixing column 81L is respectively provided in the first through hole and the second through hole. A first elastic member 81M is provided at each first through hole, and both ends of the first elastic member 81M are respectively fixed to a fixing column 81L.

[0141] The first elastic member 81M can be a spring. In practice, during the rolling process of the roller 81H, since there will be differences in height after the printing raw material is placed on the pressing plate, the roller 81H will receive an upward force due to the inconsistent height during the rolling process, and the setting of the first elastic member 81M can play a buffering role, making the rolling effect of the roller 81H better.

[0142] As Figure 10 shown, the conveying structure 83 includes a second mounting frame 83A, a second driving assembly, a driving roller 83B, a driven roller 83C, a conveyor belt 83D, a support rod 83E, a second support plate 83F, a bolt 83G, and a first heating plate 83H. The second mounting frame 83A can be a rectangular frame surrounded by profiles.

[0143] The driving roller 83B and the driven roller 83C are arranged in parallel on the second mounting frame 83A. The second driving assembly is connected to the driving roller 83B. The conveyor belt 83D is sleeved on the driving roller 83B and the driven roller 83C. At least one support rod 83E is provided on the second mounting frame 83A and is located in the inner space of the conveyor belt 83D. As Figure 10The structural schematic of two support rods 83E arranged on the second mounting bracket 83A is shown.

[0144] The second support plate 83F is placed on the support rod 83E. A bolt 83G passing through from bottom to top is respectively arranged at the four corners of the second support plate 83F. The first heating plate 83H is arranged on the top surface of the bolt 83G.

[0145] For the conveying structure 83 provided by the embodiment of the present application, the support rod 83E is arranged on the second mounting bracket 83A and is located in the inner space of the conveyor belt. The second support plate 83F is placed on the support rod 83E, so that the support rod 83E plays a role in supporting the second support plate 83F. A bolt 83G passing through from bottom to top is respectively arranged at the four corners of the second support plate 83F, and the first heating plate 83H is arranged on the top surface of the bolt 83G, so that the second support plate 83F and the bolt 83G jointly play a role in supporting the heating plate. In addition, four bolts 83G are arranged. By adjusting the bolts 83G at different positions according to the actual situation, the first heating plate 83H can be leveled, and the first heating plate 83H can be more fitted with the conveyor belt 83D. Material printing is carried out on the conveyor belt 83D at the position where the first heating plate 83H is located. The conveyor belt 83D rotates, and while printing, it carries the printed polymer intelligent material to move, so that the printing function that can be "infinitely" long and can print and convey simultaneously can be realized.

[0146] Further, as Figure 10 shown, the conveying structure 83 further includes a second elastic member 83I. A second elastic member 83I is sleeved on each bolt 83G, and the second elastic member 83I is located between the second support plate 83F and the heating plate. During the actual printing process, when the nozzle mechanism 9 prints the printing material onto the conveyor belt 83D, there will be a certain pressure and gravity, and the first heating plate 83H will be shaken by the force. At this time, the second elastic member 83I will give a reaction force to the first heating plate 83H, so as to maintain the stability of the position of the first heating plate 83H.

[0147] As Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown, the heating structure 82 includes a placement plate 821, a heat insulation cotton 822, a second heating plate 823 and a cover body 824. The placement plate 821 is arranged on the base 1. The heat insulation cotton 822 is arranged on the placement plate 821. The second heating plate 823 is placed on the heat insulation cotton 822. The cover body 824 is buckled above the second heating plate 823, and the lead wire of the second heating plate 823 passes through the cover body 824.

[0148] The heating structure 82 provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The placement plate 821 is provided to facilitate the movement of the heating structure 82, making it convenient to replace with the conveying structure 83. The heat insulation cotton 822 is arranged at the bottom of the second heating plate 823, which can prevent the heat loss of the second heating plate 823 and reduce energy consumption. The cover body 824 is buckled above the second heating plate 823, which can protect the second heating plate 823 and the heat insulation cotton 822, and can also form a platform surface convenient for material printing. Of course, the heating structure 82 further includes a wire clamping box 825. The wire clamping box 825 is arranged on the placement plate 821, and the lead wire of the second heating plate 823 passes through the wire clamping box 825. The wire clamping box 825 can clamp the lead wire and position the lead wire.

[0149] On the other hand, another embodiment of the present invention provides a 3D printing method for polymer intelligent materials, which is implemented by the above-mentioned 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials, and includes:

[0150] According to actual needs, one of the nozzle mechanism 9, light source module, heating module, electrostatic high voltage module, magnetic module or height probe 10 is set on the second Z-axis movement mechanism 5, and at least two nozzle mechanisms 9 are ensured;

[0151] A mixed solution required for preparing the polymer intelligent material is placed in each nozzle mechanism 9;

[0152] The X-axis movement mechanism 2, Y-axis movement mechanism 3, first Z-axis movement mechanism 4 and second Z-axis movement mechanism 5 move to spray a variety of mixed solutions onto the workbench 8 along a pre-designed printing path through the nozzle mechanism 9, scrape and orient the sprayed mixed solutions through the rolling brush structure 81, and select an appropriate module to work for shaping according to the forming characteristics of the prepared polymer intelligent material (such as selecting the heating module if heating is required, and selecting the light source module if curing is required) to obtain the polymer intelligent material.

[0153] The 3D printing method for polymer intelligent materials in the embodiment of the present application endows the preparation conditions for polymer intelligent materials, has a wider applicability, can realize multi-material composite printing or multi-functional collaborative processing, the types of prepared polymer intelligent materials are more, and can meet the integrated preparation requirements of polymer intelligent materials. It can be widely used in the preparation of multi-functional materials, multi-material systems, multi-layer materials, hybrid gradient materials or fine materials.

[0154] In order to better demonstrate the application of the 3D printing device and method for polymer intelligent materials provided by the embodiment of the present application, specific embodiments are provided below to demonstrate the preparation of polymer intelligent materials (liquid crystal elastomer is one of the polymer intelligent materials) by this device.

[0155] Embodiment 1

[0156] This embodiment provides a method for preparing liquid crystal elastomer fibers using a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials:

[0157] Dissolve acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82 and photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0158] Dissolve dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethyl mercaptan) and thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0159] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 evenly, and spray them onto the workbench 8 according to a pre-designed printing linear path. Then, let it stand for thermal polymerization to obtain a prepolymer.

[0160] Replace the third nozzle mechanism 9 with an ultraviolet lamp head, and carry out photopolymerization on the prepolymer to obtain liquid crystal elastomer fibers.

[0161] It should be noted that the ratio between the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range. The more acrylate monomer, the higher the modulus of the finally prepared liquid crystal elastomer fibers, and vice versa. The temperature of the workbench 8 is related to the ratio between them, and the light intensity of the ultraviolet lamp head can also be adjusted arbitrarily.

[0162] It should be noted that the orientation of the liquid crystal elastomer is affected by the diameter of the nozzle 94 of the nozzle mechanism 9. Therefore, the orientation of the liquid crystal elastomer can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the nozzle.

[0163] Example 2

[0164] This embodiment provides a method for preparing liquid crystal elastomer films using a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials:

[0165] Dissolve acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82 and photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0166] Dissolve dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethyl mercaptan) and thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0167] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 evenly, and spray them onto one side of the workbench 8 according to a pre-designed printing linear path. Then, immediately use the roller 81H to carry out rolling friction on the precursor solution.

[0168] The precursor solution is evenly distributed on the platform pressing plate 81A under the action of the roller 81H, and stands for thermal polymerization to obtain a prepolymer.

[0169] Replace the third nozzle mechanism 9 with an ultraviolet lamp head, and carry out photopolymerization on the prepolymer to obtain a liquid crystal elastomer film.

[0170] It should be noted that the ratio between the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range. The more acrylate monomer there is, the higher the modulus of the finally prepared liquid crystal elastomer fiber will be, and vice versa. The temperature of the workbench 8 is related to the ratio between them, and the light intensity of the ultraviolet lamp head can also be adjusted arbitrarily.

[0171] It should be noted that the distance between the roller 81H and the platform pressing plate 81A can be adjusted, that is, the thickness of the liquid crystal elastomer film can be adjusted.

[0172] It should be noted that the orientation of the liquid crystal elastomer film is affected by the friction of the roller 81H. Therefore, the orientation degree of the liquid crystal elastomer film can be adjusted by adjusting the friction rate.

[0173] Example 3

[0174] This example provides a 3D printing device for continuously preparing liquid crystal elastomer films using polymer intelligent materials:

[0175] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82 and the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place them in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0176] Dissolve the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place them in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0177] Switch the heating structure 82 to the conveying structure 83.

[0178] Replace the third nozzle mechanism 9 with an ultraviolet lamp head.

[0179] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 evenly, and spray them onto one side of the conveyor according to a pre-designed printing linear path. Then, immediately use the roller 81H to roll and rub the precursor solution. Under the action of the roller 81H, the precursor solution is evenly distributed on the platform pressing plate 81A, and photopolymerization is carried out on the thermally polymerized prepolymer to obtain a liquid crystal elastomer film.

[0180] Under the action of the conveyor belt 83D, the prepared liquid crystal elastomer film is conveyed out of the printing area and collected, and the printing area continues to prepare materials for the next area.

[0181] Among them, it should be noted that the ratio between the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range. The more acrylate monomer there is, the higher the modulus of the finally prepared liquid crystal elastomer fiber, and vice versa. The temperature of the workbench 8 is related to the ratio between them, and the light intensity of the ultraviolet lamp head can also be adjusted arbitrarily.

[0182] Among them, it should be noted that the distance between the roller 81H and the platform pressing plate 81A can be adjusted, that is, the thickness of the liquid crystal elastomer film can be adjusted.

[0183] Among them, it should be noted that the orientation of the liquid crystal elastomer film is affected by the friction of the roller 81H. Therefore, the orientation degree of the liquid crystal elastomer film can be adjusted by adjusting the friction rate.

[0184] Example 4

[0185] This example provides a 4D deformable gradient liquid crystal elastomer film prepared by a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials:

[0186] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82, the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol), the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether, and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran, and place them in the first nozzle mechanism 9. Among them, the ratio of RM82 to 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) is 2:1, which is recorded as the high modulus region.

[0187] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82, the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol), the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether, and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran, and place them in the second nozzle mechanism 9. Among them, the ratio of RM82 to 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) is 1.5:1, which is recorded as the medium modulus region.

[0188] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82, the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol), the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether, and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran, and place them in the third nozzle mechanism 9. Among them, the ratio of RM82 to 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) is 1:1, which is recorded as the low modulus region.

[0189] Print the three nozzle mechanisms 9 on the set path respectively to form a circle similar to Figure 13 (black: high modulus, gray: medium modulus, white: low modulus), and carry out thermal polymerization and photo-polymerization on the hot stage.

[0190] Among them, the thermally induced shrinkage behaviors of liquid crystal elastomers with different moduli are different, and different degrees of deformation will occur during heating, thus presenting Figure 14 the out-of-plane deformation shown.

[0191] Among them, the implementation temperature and effect of the deformation are controlled by the modulus, and can be regulated by the formulations of the three nozzle mechanisms 9.

[0192] Example 5

[0193] This example provides the preparation of cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers using a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials:

[0194] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82 and the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0195] Dissolve the chiral agent DK756 in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0196] Dissolve the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the third nozzle mechanism 9.

[0197] Switch the fourth nozzle mechanism 9 to an ultraviolet light source system.

[0198] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 evenly.

[0199] Extrude the precursor liquid according to the preset printing path. After extrusion, the precursor is subjected to thermal polymerization on a hot stage. After standing for a period of time, ultraviolet polymerization is carried out to obtain cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers.

[0200] Among them, it should be noted that the feeding ratios of the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 can be adjusted at any time.

[0201] Among them, the chiral agent in the second nozzle mechanism 9 determines the final color of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers. Adjusting the ratio of the chiral agent to the liquid crystal monomer RM82 can adjust the color of the fibers across the entire visible light region.

[0202] Among them, the ratio in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 determines the modulus of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers, and the modulus can be adjusted by regulating the ratio between the two.

[0203] Among them, the temperature of the workbench 8 is affected by the formulation.

[0204] Among them, the ultraviolet light intensity and the height of the ultraviolet lamp are adjustable.

[0205] Example 6

[0206] This example provides a method for preparing a cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film using a 3D printing device for polymer smart materials:

[0207] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82 and the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0208] Dissolve the chiral agent DK756 in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0209] Dissolve the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the third nozzle mechanism 9.

[0210] Switch the fourth nozzle mechanism 9 to an ultraviolet light source system.

[0211] Switch the roller 81H to a scraper.

[0212] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9, and the third nozzle mechanism 9 evenly.

[0213] Uniformly coat the precursor solution on the front end of the workbench 8, and then immediately use the scraper to perform translational friction on the precursor solution to obtain a precursor with good orientation, and let it stand for a period of time for thermal polymerization.

[0214] After thermal polymerization, perform ultraviolet light polymerization on the precursor to obtain a cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film.

[0215] It should be noted that the feeding ratios of the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9, and the third nozzle mechanism 9 can be adjusted at any time.

[0216] Among them, the chiral agent in the second nozzle mechanism 9 determines the final color of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fiber. Adjusting the ratio of the chiral agent to the liquid crystal monomer RM82 can adjust the color of the fiber to span the entire visible light region.

[0217] Among them, the ratio in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 determines the modulus of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film, and the modulus can be adjusted by controlling the ratio between the two.

[0218] Among them, the temperature of the workbench 8 is affected by the formula.

[0219] Among them, the ultraviolet light intensity and the height of the ultraviolet lamp can be adjusted.

[0220] Among them, the distance between the blade and the hot stage can be adjusted, and the orientation of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film can be adjusted by regulating this distance and the running speed of the blade.

[0221] Example 7

[0222] This example provides a 3D printing device for continuously preparing cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer films using polymer intelligent materials:

[0223] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82 and the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0224] Dissolve the chiral agent DK756 in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0225] Dissolve the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the third nozzle mechanism 9.

[0226] Switch the fourth nozzle mechanism 9 to an ultraviolet light source system.

[0227] Switch the roller 81H to a blade.

[0228] Switch the heating structure 82 to a conveying structure 83.

[0229] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 evenly.

[0230] Uniformly coat the precursor solution on the front end of the workbench 8, and then immediately use the blade to perform translational friction on the precursor solution to obtain a precursor with good orientation, and perform ultraviolet polymerization on the precursor to obtain a cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film.

[0231] Under the action of the conveyor belt 83D, the prepared cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film is conveyed out of the printing area and collected, and the printing area continues to prepare materials for the next area.

[0232] Among them, it should be noted that the feeding ratios of the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 can be adjusted at any time.

[0233] Among them, the chiral agent in the second nozzle mechanism 9 determines the final color of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fiber. Adjusting the ratio of the chiral agent to the liquid crystal monomer RM82 can adjust the color of the fiber to span the entire visible light region.

[0234] Among them, the ratio in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 determines the modulus of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film, and the modulus can be adjusted by regulating the ratio between the two.

[0235] Among them, the temperature of the workbench 8 is affected by the formula.

[0236] Among them, the ultraviolet light intensity and the height of the ultraviolet lamp are adjustable.

[0237] Among them, the distance between the scraper and the hot stage can be regulated, and the orientation of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film can be adjusted by regulating this distance and the running speed of the scraper.

[0238] Example 8

[0239] This example provides a method for preparing a cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film with a gradient distribution using a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials:

[0240] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82 and the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place them in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0241] Dissolve the chiral agent DK756 in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place them in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0242] Dissolve the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place them in the third nozzle mechanism 9.

[0243] Switch the fourth nozzle mechanism 9 to an ultraviolet light source system.

[0244] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 evenly.

[0245] By adjusting the ratio of the chiral agent DK756 to RM82, cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers with a red color are obtained and extruded and printed according to a preset path.

[0246] By adjusting the ratio of the chiral agent DK756 to RM82, cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers with a green color are obtained and extruded and printed according to a preset path.

[0247] By adjusting the ratio of the chiral agent DK756 to RM82, cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers with a blue color are obtained and extruded and printed according to a preset path.

[0248] The extruded precursor is subjected to thermal polymerization on a hot stage, and after standing for a period of time, ultraviolet light polymerization is carried out to obtain cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers.

[0249] That is, the Figure 15 tricolor cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibers shown.

[0250] Among them, it should be noted that the feeding ratios of the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9, and the third nozzle mechanism 9 can be adjusted at any time.

[0251] Among them, the chiral agent in the second nozzle mechanism 9 determines the final color of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fiber. By adjusting the ratio of the chiral agent to the liquid crystal monomer RM82, the color of the fiber can be adjusted across the entire visible light region.

[0252] Among them, the ratio in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 determines the modulus of the cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fiber, and the modulus can be adjusted by controlling the ratio between the two.

[0253] Among them, the temperature of the workbench 8 is affected by the formula.

[0254] Among them, the ultraviolet light intensity and the height of the ultraviolet lamp can be adjusted.

[0255] Example 9

[0256] This example provides a method for preparing a patterned cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film using a 3D printing device for polymer smart materials:

[0257] Dissolve the acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82 and the photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution and place them in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0258] Dissolve the chiral agent DK756 in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution and place it in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0259] Dissolve the dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol) and the thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution and place them in the third nozzle mechanism 9.

[0260] Switch the fourth nozzle mechanism 9 to an ultraviolet light source system.

[0261] Switch the roller 81H to a squeegee.

[0262] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9, and the third nozzle mechanism 9 evenly.

[0263] By adjusting the ratio of the chiral agent DK756 to RM82, a precursor with a green color is obtained, which is the background color. The precursor solution is evenly coated on the front end of the hot stage, and then immediately the precursor solution is translated and rubbed with a squeegee to obtain a well-oriented precursor, and left to stand for a period of time for thermal polymerization.

[0264] After thermal polymerization, under the action of a mask, ultraviolet light polymerization is preferentially carried out on some regions of the precursor, and then ultraviolet light polymerization is carried out on the background region to obtain a patterned cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film.

[0265] Among them, it should be noted that the pattern area and the background area are subjected to different degrees of photopolymerization, and thus present colors with different characteristics, such as Figure 16 shown.

[0266] After the material is stretched, the pattern area and the background area present different color changes, such as Figure 17 shown.

[0267] Example 10

[0268] This example provides a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials to prepare a pigmented cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film:

[0269] Dissolve acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82, dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxydioxy)bisethyl mercaptan, chiral agent DK756, photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether and thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution. By adjusting the ratio of chiral agent DK756 to RM82, three colors are adjusted respectively and placed in three nozzle mechanisms 9.

[0270] Among them, the first nozzle mechanism 9 is red, the second nozzle mechanism 9 is green, and the third nozzle mechanism 9 is blue.

[0271] Switch the fourth nozzle mechanism 9 to an ultraviolet light source system.

[0272] Switch the roller 81H to a squeegee.

[0273] Print the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9, the second nozzle mechanism 9 and the third nozzle mechanism 9 on different areas of the operating table respectively, such as Figure 18 shown.

[0274] Coat the precursor solution evenly on the hot stage, and then immediately use the squeegee to perform translational friction on the precursor solution to obtain a well-oriented precursor. Carry out ultraviolet light polymerization on the precursor to obtain a pigmented cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer film as Figure 19 shown.

[0275] Example 11

[0276] This example provides a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials to prepare conductive liquid crystal elastomer fibers:

[0277] Dissolve acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82, dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxydioxy)bisethyl mercaptan, photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether and thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution and place them in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0278] Dissolve the conductive filler carbon nanotubes in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran and place them in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0279] Uniformly mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9, and spray them onto the hot table according to a pre-designed printing linear path, and then let it stand for thermal polymerization.

[0280] Replace the third nozzle mechanism 9 with an ultraviolet lamp head and perform photopolymerization on the prepolymer after thermal polymerization to obtain liquid crystal elastomer fibers.

[0281] It should be noted that the ratio between the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 can be adjusted arbitrarily within a certain range. The higher the content of carbon nanotubes, the better the conductivity of the liquid crystal elastomer, and at the same time, the higher the modulus.

[0282] Example 12

[0283] This example provides a conductive liquid crystal elastomer bilayer film prepared by a 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials:

[0284] Dissolve acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82, dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bisethanethiol, photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether and thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution and place them in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0285] Dissolve the conductive filler carbon nanotubes and physical adhesive PVDF in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution and place them in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0286] Print the first nozzle mechanism 9 along a pre-designed path on one side of the operating table and perform rolling friction under the action of the roller 81H to obtain a liquid crystal elastomer film.

[0287] Print the second nozzle mechanism 9 on one side of the operating table in the same way and perform rolling friction under the action of the roller 81H, and evenly lay it on the upper layer of the liquid crystal elastomer film.

[0288] Let the two layers of materials stand fully for thermal polymerization.

[0289] Replace the third nozzle mechanism 9 with an ultraviolet light source system and perform photopolymerization on the materials on the operating table to obtain a conductive liquid crystal elastomer film with a conductive layer on the upper layer and a matrix layer on the lower layer.

[0290] It should be noted that before coating the second conductive layer, the first layer should stand fully to make the matrix layer have self-supporting properties.

[0291] It should be noted that theoretically, the thickness of the conductive layer has no effect on conductivity, but in practice, to ensure circuit connectivity, the conductivity should be thicker.

[0292] Example 13

[0293] This example provides a method for preparing liquid crystal elastomer fibers with photothermal properties using a 3D printing device for polymer smart materials:

[0294] Dissolve acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82, dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol), photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether, and thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0295] Dissolve photothermal filler carbon nanotubes in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran, and place it in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0296] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 evenly, and spray them onto the hot stage according to the pre-designed printing linear path, and then let it stand for thermal polymerization.

[0297] Replace the third nozzle mechanism 9 with an ultraviolet lamp head, and carry out photopolymerization on the prepolymer after thermal polymerization to obtain liquid crystal elastomer fibers with photothermal properties. These fibers will exhibit the light-driven strain as shown in Figure 20 shown.

[0298] Example 14

[0299] This example provides a method for preparing liquid crystal polyurethane composite materials with photothermal properties using a 3D printing device for polymer smart materials (liquid crystal polyurethane composite materials belong to liquid crystal elastomer composite materials, that is, they belong to a type of polymer smart materials):

[0300] Dissolve acrylate liquid crystal monomer RM82, dithiol chain extender 2,2-(1,2-ethylenedioxy)bis(ethanethiol), photoinitiator benzoin dimethyl ether, and thermal initiator dipropylamine in a certain amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the first nozzle mechanism 9.

[0301] Dissolve isocyanate monomer 4,4`-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyol PTMG1000, and thermal initiator DBTL in a small amount of tetrahydrofuran solution, and place it in the second nozzle mechanism 9.

[0302] Mix the solutions in the first nozzle mechanism 9 and the second nozzle mechanism 9 evenly, and spray them onto the workbench 8 according to the pre-designed printing linear path, and then let it stand for thermal polymerization.

[0303] Replace the third nozzle mechanism 9 with an ultraviolet lamp head, and carry out photopolymerization on the prepolymer after thermal polymerization to obtain liquid crystal polyurethane composite materials with a double network structure.

[0304] Example 14 demonstrates that the 3D printing device for polymer intelligent materials provided by the embodiments of the present invention has the ability to prepare a hybrid system (interpenetrating polymer network).

[0305] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0306] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limiting the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A 3D printing device for polymer smart materials, comprising a base, an X-axis motion mechanism, a Y-axis motion mechanism, a first Z-axis motion mechanism, a second Z-axis motion mechanism, a gantry, a first mounting plate, a workbench, and a nozzle mechanism; A Y-axis motion mechanism is respectively arranged on both sides of the base; The lower end of the gantry is respectively connected to one of the Y-axis motion mechanisms; Two X-axis motion mechanisms are arranged laterally on the upper end of the gantry; One of the first Z-axis motion mechanisms is connected to one of the X-axis motion mechanisms; A first mounting plate is provided on each of the first Z-axis motion mechanisms; At least two of the second Z-axis motion mechanisms are arranged on each of the first mounting plates; Each of the second Z-axis motion mechanisms is provided with one of the nozzle mechanism, the light source module, the heating module, the electrostatic high-voltage module, the magnetic module or the height probe; The workbench includes a rolling brush structure, a heating structure or a conveying structure; The heating structure and the conveying structure can be replaced on the base; The roller brush structure is arranged on the heating structure or the conveying structure, and can scrape and orient the mixed solution sprayed to the workbench by the nozzle mechanism, and then select the module adapted to the molding characteristics of the prepared polymer smart material to perform shaping to obtain the polymer smart material.

2. The 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle mechanism comprises a first multifunctional fixture, a second multifunctional fixture, a barrel and a nozzle; The first multifunctional fixture is disposed on the second Z-axis motion mechanism and clamps the barrel; The second multifunctional clamp is disposed at the front end of the first multifunctional clamp and clamps the nozzle; The barrel is communicated with the nozzle.

3. The 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle mechanism includes a first mounting frame, a first driving structure, a first driving gear, a first driven gear, a first threaded screw, a first pressing block, a first barrel, a second driving structure, a second driving gear, a second driven gear, a second threaded screw, a second pressing block, a second barrel, a mixing nozzle and a needle; The first mounting frame includes a top plate, a bottom plate and a first support column; The top plate and the bottom plate are arranged in parallel; Four of the first pillars are arranged in parallel array between the top plate and the bottom plate; The first driving structure is arranged below the bottom plate, and the output shaft extends out of the bottom plate; The first driving gear is disposed at the protruding end of the output shaft of the first driving structure; The first driven gear is meshed with the first driving gear and is sleeved on the first threaded screw; The first pressing block is arranged at the bottom of the first threaded screw and extends into the first barrel; The second driving structure is arranged below the bottom plate, and the output shaft extends out of the bottom plate; The second driving gear is arranged at the protruding end of the output shaft of the second driving structure; The second driven gear is meshed with the second driving gear and is sleeved on the second threaded screw; The second pressing block is arranged at the bottom of the second threaded screw and extends into the second barrel; The bottom of the first barrel and the bottom of the second barrel are both connected to the upper end of the mixing nozzle; The lower end of the mixing nozzle is communicated with the upper end of the needle.

4. The 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nozzle mechanism also includes a second mounting plate and a second support column; Four second pillars are arranged in an array on the bottom plate; The second mounting plate is disposed above the second support column; The first threaded screw passes through the second mounting plate and is rotatably connected to the second mounting plate; The second driven gear is disposed on the second mounting plate; The second threaded screw passes through the top plate and is rotatably connected to the top plate; A groove for avoiding the first driving gear and the second driving gear is arranged on the surface of the second mounting plate facing the first driving gear and the second driving gear.

5. The 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller brush structure includes a platform pressing plate, a walking assembly, a first door frame, a height adjustment assembly, a first supporting plate, a fixing plate, a roller, a roller and a first driving assembly; The two fixing plates are arranged in parallel on both sides of the first supporting plate; The two ends of the roller are rotatably disposed on the two fixed plates respectively; The roller is sleeved on the roller shaft; The first driving assembly is connected to one end of the roller; At least one height adjustment component is disposed on the first upper plate of the first door-shaped frame, and after passing through the first upper plate, the lower end is connected to the first support plate; The two first side panels of the first door frame are connected to the walking assembly, and the walking assembly is arranged on the platform pressure plate. The walking assembly drives the first door frame to walk along the platform pressure plate.

6. The 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The roller brush structure also includes a second door-shaped frame and fixing bolts; The second door-shaped frame is arranged between the first door-shaped frame and the supporting plate; A vertical strip-shaped first through groove is respectively provided on the upper part of the two side plates of the first door-shaped frame; The upper parts of the two second side plates of the second door-shaped frame are respectively provided with a plurality of fixing holes arranged in a vertical linear array, and the lower parts are respectively provided with a vertical strip-shaped second through groove; The two ends of the roller are rotatably disposed in the second through slot respectively; Two fixing bolts pass through one of the first through slots respectively and are fixed in the fixing holes at corresponding positions.

7. The 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The roller brush structure also includes a fixing column and a first elastic member; The support plate is provided with at least one first through hole; The first top plate of the second door-shaped frame is provided with second through holes corresponding in number and position to the first through holes; A fixing column is respectively disposed in the first through hole and the second through hole; A first elastic member is disposed at each first through hole, and two ends of the first elastic member are respectively fixed to a fixing column.

8. The 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying structure includes a second mounting frame, a second driving assembly, a driving roller, a driven roller, a conveyor belt, a support rod, a second support plate, bolts and a first heating plate; The active roller and the driven roller are arranged in parallel on the second mounting frame; The second driving assembly is connected to the active roller; The conveyor belt is sleeved on the active roller and the driven roller; At least one of the support rods is disposed on the second mounting frame and is located in the inner space of the conveyor belt; The second support plate is placed on the support rod; A bolt passing from bottom to top is respectively arranged at the four corners of the second support plate; The first heating plate is arranged on the top surface of the bolt.

9. The 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating structure comprises a placement plate, heat insulation cotton, a second heating plate and a cover body; The placement plate is arranged on the base; The heat insulation cotton is arranged on the placement plate; The second heating plate is placed on the thermal insulation cotton; The cover is buckled on the second heating plate, and the lead wires of the second heating plate pass through the cover.

10. A 3D printing method for polymer smart materials, characterized in that: The method is realized by using the 3D printing device for polymer smart materials according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: According to actual needs, one of a nozzle mechanism, a light source module, a heating module, an electrostatic high-voltage module, a magnetic module or a height probe is arranged on the second Z-axis motion mechanism, and at least two nozzle mechanisms are ensured; A mixed solution required for preparing polymer smart materials is placed in each nozzle mechanism; The X-axis motion mechanism, the Y-axis motion mechanism, the first Z-axis motion mechanism and the second Z-axis motion mechanism move to spray a variety of mixed solutions onto the workbench through the nozzle mechanism according to a pre-designed printing path, the sprayed mixed solutions are scraped and oriented by the roller brush structure, and the adaptive module is selected according to the molding characteristics of the prepared polymer smart material to perform shaping, so as to obtain the polymer smart material.

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