Anti-condensation and anti-icing membrane material and forming process thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-condensation and anti-icing membrane material and a forming process thereof, and relates to the technical field of composite membrane materials, the anti-condensation and anti-icing membrane material comprises the following raw materials: 30-50 parts of silica aerogel particles, 25-30 parts of an EVA base material, 5-10 parts of a hydrophobic modifier, 0.5-1 part of sodium polyacrylate, 5-8 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 3-5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 0.5-1 part of a silane coupling agent and the like. The silicon dioxide aerogel particles serve as a core heat insulation material, the porous network structure of the silicon dioxide aerogel particles remarkably reduces the heat conductivity coefficient of the base film, passive heat insulation is achieved, the vacuum barrier effect is formed, heat conduction and convection are greatly reduced, the energy-saving and heat-preservation effect is improved, the surface temperature is delayed to be reduced to be below the freezing point, and the freezing time is delayed in the low-temperature environment; and the low surface energy characteristic of the fluorine-containing resin is combined with the micro-nano coarse structure of the nano silicon dioxide, so that a lotus leaf effect imitating super-hydrophobic surface is formed, water drops rapidly roll down, and ice nucleus forming sites are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite film materials, specifically an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material and its forming process. Background Art

[0002] At present, in many fields, the icing phenomenon has brought extremely serious troubles. With the frequent occurrence of extreme climates and the increasing demand for low-temperature environment protection in the industrial field, the development of multifunctional film materials with both anti-condensation, anti-icing, and high-efficiency heat insulation has become a research hotspot. Traditional technologies mainly rely on single-functional materials and have performance limitations.

[0003] In the prior art, conventional thermal insulation film materials reduce the thermal conductivity through a porous structure, but the surface temperature is easily affected by the environment. When the surface temperature of the substrate is lower than the dew point temperature, water vapor in the air is easily condensed on the surface to form droplets, further causing icing; the condensed water not only reduces the thermal insulation performance, but also corrodes the substrate, breeds mold, and even expands and damages the structure by icing at extremely low temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material and its forming process to solve the problems in the above background art that conventional thermal insulation film materials reduce the thermal conductivity through a porous structure, but the surface temperature is easily affected by the environment. When the surface temperature of the substrate is lower than the dew point temperature, water vapor in the air is easily condensed on the surface to form droplets, further causing icing; the condensed water not only reduces the thermal insulation performance, but also corrodes the substrate, breeds mold, and even expands and damages the structure by icing at extremely low temperatures.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The anti-condensation and anti-icing film material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 - 50 parts of silica aerogel particles, 25 - 30 parts of EVA substrate, 5 - 10 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.5 - 1 part of sodium polyacrylate, 5 - 8 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 3 - 5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 0.5 - 1 part of silane coupling agent, 10 - 20 parts of binder, 8 - 12 parts of fluorinated acrylate resin, 3 - 5 parts of nano silicon dioxide particles, and 1 - 2 parts of silicon carbide nano particles.

[0006] Preferably, the hydrophobic modifier is selected as methyltrimethoxysilane MTMS.

[0007] Preferably, the binder is selected as any one of waterborne polyurethane and waterborne acrylate.

[0008] The forming process of the anti-condensation and anti-icing film material includes the following steps: Ⅰ. Add the silica aerogel particles into a 5% MTMS ethanol solution for surface hydrophobic modification, ultrasonically disperse at 60°C for 30 minutes under nitrogen protection, filter, and then vacuum dry at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain hydrophobized aerogel; II. Add the accurately weighed raw materials into a high-speed mixer for mixing and dispersion, stir at 800 - 1200 revolutions per minute for 1 - 1.5 hours to form a uniformly dispersed slurry; III. Coat the slurry on a PET polyester film by the roll coating method, with a coating thickness of 200 - 300 μm, and obtain an adiabatic base film after drying and curing; IV. Mix the fluorinated acrylate resin, nano-silica particles and isocyanate cross-linking agent, add ethanol to dilute to a solid content of 15 - 20%, and ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes to obtain a coating solution; V. Uniformly spray the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying, with a coating thickness of 10 - 15 μm, and cure at low temperature to form a superhydrophobic surface to obtain the finished film material; VI. Cut, wind up and vacuum package the finished film material according to the set size.

[0009] Preferably, in step II, adding the raw materials into the high-speed mixer for mixing and dispersion includes the following steps: A1. Dissolve EVA particles, waterborne polyurethane binder and sodium polyacrylate in ethanol, with an ethanol solid content of 40%, and stir and dissolve at 60 °C; A2. Add nano-calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, and stir at 800 rpm for 20 minutes; A3. Add hydrophobic aerogel and graphene, and disperse at high speed of 1200 rpm for 40 minutes.

[0010] Preferably, in step III, drying and curing adopt segmented curing: first pre-dry at 40 - 50 °C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent, then raise the temperature to 80 - 100 °C and cure for 2 hours to form an adiabatic base film with a porous network structure.

[0011] Preferably, in step V, uniformly spraying the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying includes the following steps: B1. Wipe the surface of the adiabatic base film with ethanol / acetone to remove oil stains and dust, dry at 60 °C for 10 minutes, and then carry out plasma activation treatment for 3 - 5 minutes; B2. Pass the coating solution through a 400-mesh sieve to filter out undispersed particles, adopt the cross-cross spraying method, first horizontally and then vertically for a total of 2 - 3 times, with an interval of 5 minutes between each time, and the wet film thickness is 30 - 40 μm; B3. Place the coated substrate in an 80 °C oven for pre-curing for 1 hour, and then raise the temperature to 120 °C and cure for 2 hours.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In the present invention, silica aerogel particles are used as the core thermal insulation material. Their porous network structure significantly reduces the thermal conductivity of the base film to achieve passive thermal insulation, forming a vacuum barrier effect, greatly reducing heat conduction and convection, improving the energy-saving and heat preservation effect, delaying the surface temperature from dropping below the freezing point, delaying the icing time in a low-temperature environment, reducing the icing risk. Combining the low surface energy characteristics of fluororesin with the micro-nano rough structure of nano-silica to form a superhydrophobic surface with a lotus leaf effect, enabling water droplets to roll off quickly, reducing the ice nucleation sites, and improving the anti-condensation and icing effect of the present invention; 2. In the present invention, the surface of the aerogel is modified with methyltrimethoxysilane to enhance its hydrophobic stability, avoid adiabatic failure caused by pore water absorption, and maintain a low ice adhesion strength even when exposed to a high-humidity environment for a long time. The pores of the base film are filled with nano-calcium carbonate, and aluminum hydroxide is used as a flame retardant to synergistically improve the mechanical strength and high-temperature resistance of the film material, enhancing the wear resistance of the present invention and adapting to high-wear scenarios; 3. In the present invention, waterborne polyurethane provides flexibility, and silane coupling agent enhances the interfacial bonding force between the filler and the substrate. Supplementary plasma activation treatment improves the coating peel strength, enabling the present invention to have no delamination or warping under extreme temperature differences, thereby increasing the life cycle. Specific Embodiments

[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0015] Example 1: This example provides an anti-condensation and icing film material, including the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of silica aerogel particles, 25 parts of EVA substrate, 5 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.5 part of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of nano-calcium carbonate, 3 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 10 parts of binder, 8 parts of fluorinated acrylate resin, 3 parts of nano-silica particles, and 1 part of silicon carbide nanoparticles; Among them, the hydrophobic modifier is selected as methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), and the binder is selected as waterborne polyurethane; A forming process for an anti-condensation and icing film material includes the following steps: Step 1: Add silica aerogel particles to a 5% MTMS ethanol solution for surface hydrophobic modification, ultrasonically disperse at 60°C for 30 minutes under nitrogen protection, filter, and vacuum dry at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain hydrophobized aerogel; Step 2: First, dissolve EVA particles, waterborne polyurethane binder, and sodium polyacrylate in ethanol with a solid content of 40% at 60°C with stirring. Then add nano calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, and stir at 800 rpm for 20 minutes. Finally, add hydrophobic aerogel and graphene, and disperse at high speed of 1200 rpm for 40 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed slurry; Step 3: Coat the slurry on the PET polyester film by roll coating method with a coating thickness of 200 - 300 μm, and obtain an adiabatic base film after drying and curing; Among them, the drying and curing is carried out by staged curing: first pre-dry at 40 - 50°C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent, and then raise the temperature to 80 - 100°C to cure for 2 hours to form an adiabatic base film with a porous network structure; Step 4: Mix fluorinated acrylate resin, nano-silica particles and isocyanate crosslinking agent, add ethanol to dilute to a solid content of 15 - 20%, and disperse ultrasonically for 20 minutes to obtain a coating solution; Step 5: Spray the coating solution evenly on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying with a coating thickness of 10 - 15 μm, and cure at low temperature to form a superhydrophobic surface to obtain the finished film material; Among them, spraying the coating solution evenly on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying includes the following steps: ① Wipe the surface of the adiabatic base film with ethanol / acetone to remove oil stains and dust, dry at 60°C for 10 minutes, and then carry out plasma activation treatment for 3 - 5 minutes; ② Pass the coating solution through a 400-mesh sieve to filter out undispersed particles, and adopt the cross-cross spraying method, first horizontally and then vertically for 2 - 3 times, with an interval of 5 minutes between each time, and the wet film thickness is 30 - 40 μm; ③ Place the coated substrate in an 80°C oven for pre-curing for 1 hour, and then raise the temperature to 120°C for curing for 2 hours; Step 6: Cut, wind and vacuum package the finished film material according to the set size.

[0016] Example 2: This example provides an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material, which includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of silica aerogel particles, 27 parts of EVA substrate, 8 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.8 part of sodium polyacrylate, 6 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 4 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 0.8 part of silane coupling agent, 12 parts of binder, 10 parts of fluorinated acrylate resin, 4 parts of nano-silica particles and 1.5 parts of silicon carbide nanoparticles; Among them, the hydrophobic modifier is selected as methyltrimethoxysilane MTMS, and the binder is selected as waterborne polyurethane; A forming process of an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material includes the following steps: Step 1: Add silica aerogel particles into 5% MTMS ethanol solution for surface hydrophobic modification. Under nitrogen protection, ultrasonically disperse at 60 °C for 30 minutes, filter, and then vacuum dry at 80 °C for 2 hours to obtain hydrophobized aerogel; Step 2: First, dissolve EVA particles, waterborne polyurethane binder, and sodium polyacrylate in ethanol with a solid content of 40%. Stir and dissolve at 60 °C, then add nano calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, stir at 800 rpm for 20 minutes, and finally add hydrophobized aerogel and graphene, and disperse at high speed of 1200 rpm for 40 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed slurry; Step 3: Coat the slurry on the PET polyester film by roll coating method with a coating thickness of 200 - 300 μm, and obtain an adiabatic base film after drying and curing; Among them, the drying and curing adopt segmented curing: first pre-dry at 40 - 50 °C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent, and then raise the temperature to 80 - 100 °C for curing for 2 hours to form an adiabatic base film with a porous network structure; Step 4: Mix fluorinated acrylate resin, nano-silica particles and isocyanate crosslinking agent, add ethanol to dilute to a solid content of 15 - 20%, and ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes to obtain a coating solution; Step 5: Uniformly spray the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying with a coating thickness of 10 - 15 μm, and cure at low temperature to form a superhydrophobic surface to obtain the finished film material; Among them, uniformly spraying the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying includes the following steps: ① Wipe the surface of the adiabatic base film with ethanol / acetone to remove oil stains and dust, dry at 60 °C for 10 minutes, and then perform plasma activation treatment for 3 - 5 minutes; ② Pass the coating solution through a 400-mesh sieve to filter out undispersed particles, and adopt the cross-cross spraying method, first horizontally and then vertically for 2 - 3 times, with an interval of 5 minutes for each time, and the wet film thickness is 30 - 40 μm; ③ Place the coated substrate in an 80 °C oven for pre-curing for 1 hour, and then raise the temperature to 120 °C for curing for 2 hours; Step 6: Cut, wind up and vacuum package the finished film material according to the set size.

[0017] Example 3: This example provides an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material, which includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of silica aerogel particles, 30 parts of EVA substrate, 10 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 1 part of sodium polyacrylate, 8 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 20 parts of binder, 12 parts of fluorinated acrylate resin, 5 parts of nano-silica particles and 2 parts of silicon carbide nanoparticles; Among them, the hydrophobic modifier is selected as methyltrimethoxysilane MTMS, and the binder is selected as waterborne polyurethane; A forming process of an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Add silica aerogel particles to a 5% MTMS ethanol solution for surface hydrophobic modification, ultrasonically disperse at 60°C for 30 minutes under nitrogen protection, filter, and then vacuum dry at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain hydrophobized aerogel; Step 2: First, dissolve EVA particles, waterborne polyurethane binder, and sodium polyacrylate in ethanol with a solid content of 40%, stir and dissolve at 60°C, then add nano calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, stir at 800 rpm for 20 minutes, and finally add hydrophobized aerogel and graphene, disperse at high speed of 1200 rpm for 40 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed slurry; Step 3: Coat the slurry on a PET polyester film by roll coating method with a coating thickness of 200 - 300 μm, and obtain an adiabatic base film after drying and curing; Among them, the drying and curing is carried out by segmented curing: first pre-dry at 40 - 50°C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent, and then heat up to 80 - 100°C for curing for 2 hours to form an adiabatic base film with a porous network structure; Step 4: Mix fluorinated acrylate resin, nano-silica particles and isocyanate crosslinking agent, add ethanol to dilute to a solid content of 15 - 20%, and ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes to obtain a coating solution; Step 5: Uniformly spray the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying with a coating thickness of 10 - 15 μm, and cure at low temperature to form a superhydrophobic surface to obtain the finished film material; Among them, uniformly spraying the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying includes the following steps: ① Wipe the surface of the adiabatic base film with ethanol / acetone to remove oil stains and dust, dry at 60°C for 10 minutes, and then carry out plasma activation treatment for 3 - 5 minutes; ② Pass the coating solution through a 400-mesh sieve to filter out undispersed particles, adopt the cross-cross spraying method, first horizontally and then vertically for a total of 2 - 3 times, with an interval of 5 minutes between each time, and the wet film thickness is 30 - 40 μm; ③ Place the coated substrate in an 80°C oven for pre-curing for 1 hour, and then raise the temperature to 120°C for curing for 2 hours; Step 6: Cut, wind up and vacuum package the finished film material according to the set size.

[0018] Example 4: This example provides an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 38 parts of silica aerogel particles, 25 parts of EVA substrate, 6 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.6 part of sodium polyacrylate, 7 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 3.5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 13 parts of binder, 9 parts of fluorinated acrylate resin, 3.5 parts of nano-silica particles and 1.2 parts of silicon carbide nanoparticles; Among them, the hydrophobic modifier is selected as methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), and the binder is selected as waterborne polyurethane; A forming process of an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material includes the following steps: Step 1: Add silica aerogel particles into a 5% MTMS ethanol solution for surface hydrophobic modification, ultrasonically disperse at 60°C for 30 minutes under nitrogen protection, filter, and then vacuum dry at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain hydrophobized aerogel; Step 2: First, dissolve EVA particles, waterborne polyurethane binder, and sodium polyacrylate in ethanol. The ethanol has a solid content of 40%, stir and dissolve at 60°C, then add nano-calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, stir at 800 rpm for 20 minutes, and finally add hydrophobized aerogel and graphene, disperse at high speed of 1200 rpm for 40 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed slurry; Step 3: Coat the slurry on a PET polyester film by roll coating method, with a coating thickness of 200 - 300 μm, and obtain an adiabatic base film after drying and curing; Among them, the drying and curing adopt segmented curing: first pre-dry at 40 - 50°C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent, and then raise the temperature to 80 - 100°C to cure for 2 hours to form an adiabatic base film with a porous network structure; Step 4: Mix fluorinated acrylate resin, nano-silica particles, and isocyanate cross-linking agent, add ethanol to dilute to a solid content of 15 - 20%, and ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes to obtain a coating solution; Step 5: Uniformly spray the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying, with a coating thickness of 10 - 15 μm, and cure at low temperature to form a superhydrophobic surface to obtain the finished film material; Among them, uniformly spraying the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying includes the following steps: ① Wipe the surface of the adiabatic base film with ethanol / acetone to remove oil stains and dust, dry at 60°C for 10 minutes, and then carry out plasma activation treatment for 3 - 5 minutes; ② Pass the coating solution through a 400-mesh sieve to filter out undispersed particles, and adopt the cross-cross spraying method, first horizontally and then vertically for a total of 2 - 3 times, with an interval of 5 minutes for each time, and the wet film thickness is 30 - 40 μm; ③ Place the coated substrate in an 80°C oven for pre-curing for 1 hour, and then raise the temperature to 120°C for curing for 2 hours; Step 6: Cut, wind up, and vacuum package the finished film material according to the set size.

[0019] Example 5: This example provides an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material, which includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 46 parts of silica aerogel particles, 28 parts of EVA substrate, 10 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.9 part of sodium polyacrylate, 8 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 3 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 0.5 part of silane coupling agent, 17 parts of binder, 11 parts of fluorinated acrylate resin, 3 parts of nano silica particles and 2 parts of silicon carbide nanoparticles; Among them, the hydrophobic modifier is selected as methyltrimethoxysilane MTMS, and the binder is selected as waterborne polyurethane; A forming process of an anti-condensation and anti-icing film material includes the following steps: Step 1: Add silica aerogel particles into 5% MTMS ethanol solution for surface hydrophobic modification, ultrasonically disperse at 60°C for 30 minutes under nitrogen protection, filter, and then vacuum dry at 80°C for 2 hours to obtain hydrophobized aerogel; Step 2: First, dissolve EVA particles, waterborne polyurethane binder, and sodium polyacrylate in ethanol. The ethanol has a solid content of 40%, stir and dissolve at 60°C, then add nano calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, stir at 800 rpm for 20 minutes, and finally add hydrophobized aerogel and graphene, disperse at high speed of 1200 rpm for 40 minutes to form a uniformly dispersed slurry; Step 3: Coat the slurry on the PET polyester film by roll coating method, with a coating thickness of 200 - 300 μm, and obtain an adiabatic base film after drying and curing; Among them, the drying and curing adopt segmented curing: first pre-dry at 40 - 50°C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent, and then raise the temperature to 80 - 100°C to cure for 2 hours to form an adiabatic base film with a porous network structure; Step 4: Mix fluorinated acrylate resin, nano silica particles and isocyanate crosslinking agent, add ethanol to dilute to a solid content of 15 - 20%, and ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes to obtain a coating solution; Step 5: Uniformly spray the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying, with a coating thickness of 10 - 15 μm, and cure at low temperature to form a superhydrophobic surface to obtain the finished film material; Among them, uniformly spraying the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying includes the following steps: ① Wipe the surface of the adiabatic base film with ethanol / acetone to remove oil stains and dust, dry at 60°C for 10 minutes, and then carry out plasma activation treatment for 3 - 5 minutes; ② Pass the coating solution through a 400-mesh sieve to filter out undispersed particles, and adopt the cross-cross spraying method, first horizontally and then vertically for 2 - 3 times, with an interval of 5 minutes for each time, and the wet film thickness is 30 - 40 μm; ③ Place the coated substrate in an 80°C oven for pre-curing for 1 hour, and then raise the temperature to 120°C for curing for 2 hours; Step 6: Cut, wind up and vacuum package the finished film material according to the set size.

[0020] Comparative Example 1: An anti-condensation and anti-icing film material and its forming process provided in this example are generally the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that silica aerogel particles are not added to the raw materials.

[0021] Comparative Example 2: An anti-condensation and anti-icing film material and its forming process provided in this example are generally the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that the hydrophobic modifier is changed to a common silane coupling agent, and the fluorinated acrylate resin is cancelled.

[0022] Comparative Example 3: An anti-condensation and anti-icing film material and its forming process provided in this example are generally the same as those in Example 1. The main difference is that the plasma activation treatment is cancelled in Step 5.

[0023] Performance test and result analysis: The anti-condensation and anti-icing film materials prepared in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were respectively subjected to performance tests, and the relevant data were recorded in Table 1, and the test experimental scheme was as follows.

[0024] 1. Hydrophobic performance test: Contact angle: The water contact angle of the superhydrophobic coating was tested by the water drop method using a contact angle measuring instrument; Rolling angle: The minimum angle at which the water droplet rolls off was tested by the tilting angle.

[0025] 2. Anti-icing performance: Ice formation delay time: The time when the surface water droplets were completely frozen was recorded under the environment of -15°C and 85% humidity; Ice adhesion strength: The force required to peel off the ice layer (unit: kPa) was tested by a tensile machine.

[0026] 3. Thermal conductivity: Thermal conductivity: The thermal conductivity of the base film (W / m·K) was tested using a HotDisk thermal conductivity meter; Electric heating de-icing efficiency: For the samples containing conductive fillers (such as E3), electricity was applied (12VDC), and the time required to heat up to 0°C was recorded.

[0027] 4. Durability test: Wear resistance: According to the GB / T1768 standard, the change in contact angle was tested after rubbing 1000 times with a grinding wheel.

[0028]

[0029] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the comparative examples, the anti-condensation and anti-icing film materials prepared in Examples 1-5 delay the surface temperature drop through the thermal insulation layer of silica aerogel (thermal conductivity 0.06-0.12 W / m·K), combine with the superhydrophobic coating (contact angle >150°) to reduce the water droplet residence time, and the ice formation delay time reaches 38-50 minutes. Moreover, the superhydrophobic surface of fluorinated acrylate resin + nano-silica (ice adhesion strength 20-30 kPa) enables the ice layer to naturally fall off through slight vibration or wind force, and a double hydrophobic barrier (rolling angle <5°) is formed through MTMS-modified aerogel + fluorinated resin coating.

[0030] In the present invention, silica aerogel particles are used as the core thermal insulation material, and its porous network structure significantly reduces the thermal conductivity of the base film, delays the surface temperature from dropping below the freezing point, and delays the ice formation time in a low-temperature environment. By combining the low surface energy characteristics of fluorinated resin with the micro-nano rough structure of nano-silica, a superhydrophobic surface with a lotus leaf effect is formed, enabling water droplets to roll off quickly and reducing the ice nucleation sites. By modifying the surface of the aerogel with methyltrimethoxysilane, its hydrophobic stability is enhanced, avoiding adiabatic failure caused by pore water absorption, and enabling the low ice adhesion strength to be maintained even when exposed to a high-humidity environment for a long time. By filling the pores of the base film with nano-calcium carbonate and using aluminum hydroxide as a flame retardant, the mechanical strength and high-temperature resistance of the film material are synergistically improved, the wear resistance is enhanced, and it is suitable for high-wear scenarios. By providing flexibility with waterborne polyurethane and enhancing the interfacial bonding force between the filler and the substrate with silane coupling agent, supplemented by plasma activation treatment, the coating peeling strength >3.5 N / cm, and there is no delamination or warping under the temperature difference of -40°C to 80°C, improving the life cycle.

[0031] The base film of the present invention is first pre-dried at a low temperature to remove the solvent, and then cured at a high temperature to form a stable porous structure, avoiding coating cracking. Effect: The pore distribution of the base film is uniform, and the adiabatic efficiency is increased by 20%. By electrostatic spraying and cross-coating: using the cross-spraying method and combining with isocyanate cross-linking agent, it is ensured that the thickness of the superhydrophobic coating is uniform and defect-free, enabling the surface roughness of the film material of the present invention to be controllable and the hydrophobic performance to be stable.

[0032] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Anti-condensation and anti-icing film material, characterized in that, Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of silica aerogel particles, 25-30 parts of EVA substrate, 5-10 parts of hydrophobic modifier, 0.5-1 part of sodium polyacrylate, 5-8 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 3-5 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 0.5-1 part of silane coupling agent, 10-20 parts of binder, 8-12 parts of fluorinated acrylate resin, 3-5 parts of nano silica particles and 1-2 parts of silicon carbide nanoparticles.

2. The anti-condensation and anti-icing film material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophobic modifier is selected from methyltrimethoxysilane MTMS.

3. The anti-condensation and anti-icing film material according to claim 1, wherein: The binder is selected from any one of waterborne polyurethane and waterborne acrylate.

4. The forming process of the anti-condensation and anti-icing film material is characterized in that Using the anti-condensation and anti-icing film material according to any one of claims 1-3, comprising the following steps: Ⅰ. Add silica aerogel particles into 5% MTMS ethanol solution for surface hydrophobic modification, ultrasonically disperse at 60 °C for 30 minutes under nitrogen protection, filter and vacuum dry at 80 °C for 2 hours to obtain hydrophobized aerogel; Ⅱ. Add the accurately weighed raw materials into a high-speed mixer for mixing and dispersion, stir at 800-1200 rpm for 1-1.5 hours to form a uniformly dispersed slurry; Ⅲ. Coating the slurry on the PET polyester film by roll coating method, with a coating thickness of 200-300 μm, and drying and curing to obtain an adiabatic base film; Ⅳ. Mix fluorinated acrylate resin, nano silica particles and isocyanate crosslinking agent, add ethanol to dilute to a solid content of 15-20%, and ultrasonically disperse for 20 minutes to obtain a coating solution; Ⅴ. Uniformly spray the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying, with a coating thickness of 10-15 μm, and cure at low temperature to form a superhydrophobic surface to obtain the finished film material; Ⅵ. Cut and wind the finished film material according to the set size and vacuum package.

5. The forming process of the anti-condensation and anti-icing film material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step Ⅱ, the addition of the raw materials into the high-speed mixer for mixing and dispersion includes the following steps: A1. Dissolve EVA particles, waterborne polyurethane binder and sodium polyacrylate in ethanol, with an ethanol solid content of 40%, and stir and dissolve at 60 °C; A2. Add nano calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, and stir at 800 rpm for 20 minutes; A3. Add hydrophobized aerogel and graphene, and disperse at high speed at 1200 rpm for 40 minutes.

6. The forming process of the anti-condensation and anti-icing film material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step Ⅲ, the drying and curing is carried out by staged curing: first pre-dry at 40-50 °C for 30 minutes to remove the solvent, and then raise the temperature to 80-100 °C for curing for 2 hours to form an adiabatic base film with a porous network structure.

7. The forming process of the anti-condensation and anti-icing film material according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step Ⅴ, the uniform spraying of the coating solution on the surface of the adiabatic base film by electrostatic spraying includes the following steps: B1. Wipe the surface of the adiabatic base film with ethanol / acetone to remove oil stains and dust, dry at 60 °C for 10 minutes, and then carry out plasma activation treatment for 3-5 minutes; B2. Pass the coating solution through a 400-mesh sieve to filter out undispersed particles, and adopt the cross-cross spraying method, first horizontally and then vertically for a total of 2-3 times, with an interval of 5 minutes for each time, and the wet film thickness is 30-40 μm; B3. Place the coated substrate in an 80 °C oven for pre-curing for 1 hour, and then raise the temperature to 120 °C for curing for 2 hours.

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