Photovoltaic support composite foundation structure in coal gangue area and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal gangue area photovoltaic support composite foundation structure and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of new energy infrastructure, the coal gangue area photovoltaic support composite foundation structure comprises an expanded-base anchor rod foundation assembly movably connected with a supporting structure through a detachable node assembly, and the expanded-base anchor rod foundation assembly comprises an anchor rod and a grouting body structure arranged around the anchor rod; a steel plate is arranged at the bottom end of the anchor rod, the steel plate rotates around the anchor rod to form an expanded-base section, a rod body section is arranged above the expanded-base section, an anchor hole is formed in the center of the anchor rod, a grouting pipe is arranged in the anchor hole, the detachable joint assembly comprises an anti-corrosion clamping plate and a high-strength bolt, and the supporting structure comprises a column foot bottom plate arranged on a supporting beam. A steel column is arranged at the midpoint of the upper portion of the column base bottom plate, the two ends of the column base bottom plate are connected with high-strength bolts, and the lower portion of the supporting beam is connected with an anti-corrosion clamping plate. The anti-pulling performance is improved, settlement is monitored in real time, resources are recycled, and the construction efficiency is improved, so that the complex geological requirements of the coal gangue area are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy infrastructure, and particularly to a composite foundation structure and construction method for a photovoltaic support in a coal gangue area. Background Art

[0002] In areas where coal gangue is piled up, due to the instability of the coal gangue material itself and its long-term natural settlement characteristics, traditional building foundations are difficult to provide sufficient stability and bearing capacity. These foundations are usually designed for areas with relatively stable geological conditions and often cannot effectively ensure the stability of buildings, especially light steel structures such as photovoltaic supports, when facing the unique uneven settlement problems in coal gangue areas.

[0003] To cope with the special geological conditions in coal gangue areas, some current projects have adopted more complex foundation forms, such as deep pile foundations or multi-layer composite foundation treatment methods. However, these methods not only have high construction difficulty and cost, but also have a long construction period, which greatly limits their wide application. Most of the existing foundation design schemes do not consider the need for real-time monitoring of the foundation and support structure. Especially in coal gangue areas where local settlement is likely to occur, the lack of an effective stress monitoring and warning system may lead to the failure to detect and handle the early damage signs of the foundation or support structure in a timely manner, thus increasing the later maintenance cost and even leading to potential safety hazards for the entire structure.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of composite foundation structure to solve the existing technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a composite foundation structure and construction method for a photovoltaic support in a coal gangue area. Through the collaborative optimization of the anchor rod under-reaming process, detachable joint components, and coal gangue aggregate concrete, the anti-pulling performance is improved, real-time settlement monitoring is achieved, resource recycling is realized, and construction efficiency is enhanced to adapt to the complex geological requirements of coal gangue areas.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composite foundation structure for a photovoltaic support in a coal gangue area, including an under-reamed anchor rod foundation component movably connected to a support structure through a detachable joint component. The under-reamed anchor rod foundation component includes an anchor rod and a grouting body structure arranged around the anchor rod. A steel plate is provided at the bottom end of the anchor rod, and the steel plate rotates around the anchor rod to form an under-reamed section. There is a rod body section above the under-reamed section. An anchor hole is provided at the center of the anchor rod, and a grouting pipe is arranged in the anchor hole. The detachable joint component includes an anti-corrosion splint and high-strength bolts. The support structure includes a column base plate arranged on a support beam. A steel column is provided at the midpoint above the column base plate. The two ends of the column base plate are connected to the high-strength bolts, and the lower part of the support beam is connected to the anti-corrosion splint.

[0007] Preferably, a stress sensor is embedded at the position inside the anti-corrosion splint corresponding perpendicularly to the high-strength bolt. The stress sensor is connected to a wireless transmission module. Through holes are provided at both ends of the column base plate, the support beam, and the anti-corrosion splint. The anchor rod passes through the through holes and is connected to the high-strength bolt.

[0008] Preferably, the support beam is a precast member. The interior of the support beam is filled with coal gangue aggregate, cement, sand, and admixtures that have been crushed, subjected to magnetic separation to remove metal impurities, and screened for particle activation treatment. The activation treatment is to soak the coal gangue aggregate in a silane solution. The coal gangue aggregate, cement, sand, and admixtures are mixed in proportion to form concrete, and an anti-cracking agent is also added to the concrete.

[0009] Preferably, the steel plate is arranged in a trapezoidal structure. The steel plate controls the rotation of the anchor rod through a drill bit to form an inverted frustum structure, and an anti-corrosion coating is provided on the surface of the anchor rod.

[0010] A construction method for a photovoltaic support composite foundation structure in a coal gangue area includes the following steps:

[0011] S1: Use professional drilling equipment to drill vertically downward at a predetermined position. After the drilling reaches the design depth, perform an over-drilling operation, and the over-drilling depth is set to 50 cm;

[0012] S2: Insert the anchor rod connected with the steel plate into the bottom of the drill hole, and rotate the anchor rod clockwise by 360° through the drill bit to form an expanded bottom section in the shape of an inverted frustum;

[0013] S3: Insert a grouting pipe through the anchor hole, and inject a grout mixed with an admixture into the anchor hole under high pressure. An admixture is added to the grout. After the grouting is completed, perform curing to make the grout reach the design strength;

[0014] S4: After the construction is completed and reaches a certain strength, install the detachable node, and connect the wire of the stress sensor to the wireless transmission module;

[0015] S5: During the installation of the detachable node, pass the anchor rod through the through hole of the anti-corrosion splint;

[0016] S6: Prepare the support beam, pour the prepared concrete into a pre-designed steel mesh mold, and perform curing after pouring to make the support beam reach the design strength;

[0017] S7: Use a hoisting device to hoist the support beam in place, align the through hole of the support beam with the anchor rod, and fix it with high-strength bolts;

[0018] S8: Align the anchor rod with the through hole of the column base plate of the photovoltaic support and then fix it on the column base plate with high-strength bolts.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the outer diameter ratio and vertical height difference of the inverted frustum structure of the bottom expansion section are dynamically adapted according to the geological characteristics, a gentle expansion ratio is adopted for sandy formations, and a steep expansion ratio is adopted for clay formations, and the curvature of the bottom surface of the inverted frustum structure matches the geometric parameters of the bottom expansion section.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, when the grouting body is injected under high pressure, the grouting pressure is precisely controlled according to the formation conditions to ensure that the grouting body can fully fill the gaps in the bottom expansion section and around the anchor rod.

[0021] Preferably, in step S6, the steps of preparing the support beam specifically include:

[0022] S61: After pre-treatment of coal gangue aggregate by crushing, magnetic separation and screening, metal impurities therein are removed, and then surface activation treatment is performed by soaking in silane solution;

[0023] S62: Mixing the surface activated coal gangue aggregate with cement, sand and admixture in a certain proportion to form concrete for filling the internal structure of the support beam;

[0024] S63: Pour the prepared concrete into the pre-designed steel mesh mold, and ensure that the concrete is vibrated and compacted during the pouring process.

[0025] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned photovoltaic support composite foundation structure and construction method in coal gangue areas, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) The present invention increases the pull-out resistance of the foundation structure by arranging anchor rods, thereby reducing the pile diameter or number of the traditional foundation; the prefabricated support beam structure significantly reduces the settlement difference and simplifies the construction process.

[0027] (2) The present invention arranges the anchor rod and the support beam to be detachably connected, thereby achieving rapid disassembly and assembly and greatly shortening the maintenance cycle; the support beam adopts concrete containing coal gangue aggregate. The use of coal gangue aggregate not only reduces the cost of concrete, but also absorbs industrial waste, thus having environmental benefits.

[0028] (3) The built-in stress sensor in the present invention realizes real-time monitoring and early warning functions.

[0029] (4) While ensuring the stability of the photovoltaic bracket, the present invention achieves reduced construction costs, resource recycling and intelligent operation and maintenance. It is suitable for complex geological conditions such as coal gangue yards and goaf areas, and has broad engineering application value.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is the bottom expansion diagram of the anchor rod in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is the top view of the anchor bolt in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is the structural diagram of the detachable node assembly in the present invention

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals

[0035] 1. Rod body section; 2. Under-reamed section; 3. Anchor bolt; 4: Anchor hole; 5: Drill bit; 6. Grouting body structure; 7. Steel column; 8. High-strength bolt; 9. Column base plate; 10. Stress sensor; 11. Support beam; 12. Steel plate; 13. Anticorrosion splint; 14. Grouting pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and the above drawings of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0038] Embodiment

[0039] As Figures 1-3 shown, a composite foundation structure for a photovoltaic support in a coal gangue area includes an under-reamed anchor bolt foundation assembly that is movably connected to a support structure through a detachable node assembly. The under-reamed anchor bolt foundation assembly includes an anchor bolt 3 and a grouting body structure 6 arranged around the anchor bolt 3. The grouting body structure 6 bonds the anchor bolt 3 to the surrounding soil or rock mass, improving the friction and adhesion between the anchor bolt 3 and the foundation, so that the anchor bolt 3 can play an anchoring role more effectively. A steel plate 12 is provided at the bottom end of the anchor bolt 3. The steel plate 12 rotates around the anchor bolt 3 to form an under-reamed section 1. There is a rod body section 2 above the under-reamed section 1. An anchor hole 4 is provided at the center of the anchor bolt 3, and a grouting pipe 14 is arranged in the anchor hole. The detachable node assembly includes an anticorrosion splint 13 and high-strength bolts 8. The support structure includes a column base plate 9 arranged on a support beam 11. A steel column 7 is provided at the midpoint above the column base plate 9. Both ends of the column base plate 9 are connected to the high-strength bolts 8. The lower part of the support beam 11 is connected to the anticorrosion splint 13.

[0040] Inside the anti-corrosion splint 13, a stress sensor 10 is embedded at a position perpendicular to the high-strength bolt 8. The stress sensor 10 is connected to a wireless transmission module to monitor stress changes in real time. The data is uploaded to the cloud platform through the wireless transmission module to achieve settlement threshold warning. Through holes are provided at both ends of the column base plate 9, the support beam 11, and the anti-corrosion splint 13. The anchor rod 3 passes through the through holes and is connected to the high-strength bolt 8.

[0041] The support beam 11 is a precast member. The interior of the support beam 11 is filled with coal gangue aggregate, cement, sand, and admixtures that have been crushed, subjected to magnetic separation to remove metal impurities, and screened for particle activation treatment. The activation treatment is to soak the coal gangue aggregate in a silane solution. The coal gangue aggregate, cement, sand, and admixtures are mixed in proportion to form concrete, and an anti-cracking agent is also added to the concrete.

[0042] The steel plate 12 is set as a trapezoidal structure. The steel plate 12 controls the rotation of the anchor rod 3 through the drill bit 5 to form an inverted frustum structure. The formation of the enlarged bottom section 2 greatly increases the contact area between the anchor rod and the surrounding soil, effectively improving the uplift resistance of the foundation structure. An anti-corrosion coating is provided on the surface of the anchor rod 3.

[0043] A construction method for a photovoltaic support composite foundation structure in a coal gangue area includes the following steps:

[0044] S1: Use professional drilling equipment to drill vertically downward at a predetermined position. After the drilling reaches the design depth, perform an over-drilling operation. The over-drilling depth is set to 50 cm to create space for the subsequent formation of the enlarged bottom section 2.

[0045] S2: Insert the anchor rod connected with the steel plate into the bottom of the drill hole, and rotate the anchor rod clockwise by 360° through the rotation of the drill bit to form an enlarged bottom section with an inverted frustum structure; in step S2, the outer diameter ratio and vertical height difference of the inverted frustum structure of the enlarged bottom section are dynamically adapted according to the geological characteristics. A gentle diameter expansion ratio is adopted for sandy soil strata, and a steep expansion ratio is adopted for cohesive soil strata. The bottom arc of the inverted frustum structure matches the geometric parameters of the enlarged bottom section.

[0046] S3: Insert a grouting pipe through the anchor hole, and inject a grout mixed with an admixture into the anchor hole under high pressure. An admixture is added to the grout. After the grouting is completed, perform curing to make the grout reach the design strength; in step S3, the grouting pressure is precisely controlled according to the formation conditions during the high-pressure injection of the grout to ensure that the grout can fully fill the enlarged bottom section and the voids around the anchor rod.

[0047] S4: After the construction is completed and reaches a certain strength, install the detachable joints, and connect the wires of the stress sensor to the wireless transmission module;

[0048] S5: During the installation of the detachable joints, pass the anchor rod through the through holes of the anti-corrosion splint;

[0049] S6: Prepare the support beam. Pour the prepared concrete into a pre-designed steel mesh mold, and perform curing after pouring to make the support beam reach the designed strength. In step S6, the steps for preparing the support beam specifically include:

[0050] S61: Crush, magnetically separate, and screen the gangue aggregate for pretreatment to remove the metal impurities therein, and then perform surface activation treatment by soaking in a silane solution.

[0051] S62: Mix the surface-activated gangue aggregate with cement, sand, and additives in a certain proportion to form the concrete for filling the internal structure of the support beam.

[0052] S63: Pour the prepared concrete into a pre-designed steel mesh mold, and ensure that the concrete is vibrated compactly during pouring to avoid defects such as honeycombing and pockmarks. At the same time, pay attention to the connection part between the support beam and the node to ensure the integrity between the two.

[0053] S7: Lift the support beam in place by a lifting device, align the through holes of the support beam with the anchor bolts, and fix them with high-strength bolts.

[0054] S8: Align the anchor bolts with the through holes of the column base plate of the photovoltaic support and fix them on the column base plate with high-strength bolts.

[0055] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned photovoltaic support composite foundation structure and construction method in gangue areas. By setting the anchor bolts, the uplift resistance of the foundation structure is increased, and the pile diameter or quantity of the traditional foundation is reduced; the frame structure formed by the support beam significantly reduces the settlement difference. Setting the anchor bolts and the support beam as detachable connections realizes rapid disassembly and assembly, and greatly shortens the maintenance period; the support beam uses concrete containing gangue aggregate, which not only reduces the cost of concrete but also disposes of industrial waste, having environmental protection benefits; the stress sensor realizes the real-time monitoring and early warning function, while ensuring the stability of the photovoltaic support, achieving cost reduction in construction, resource recycling, and intelligent operation and maintenance.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite foundation structure for photovoltaic support in coal gangue areas, characterized by: It includes a bottom-enlarged anchor rod foundation component that is movably connected to a supporting structure through a detachable node component. The bottom-enlarged anchor rod foundation component includes an anchor rod and a grouting body structure arranged around the anchor rod. A steel plate is arranged at the bottom end of the anchor rod. The steel plate rotates around the anchor rod to form a bottom-enlarged section. A rod body section is arranged above the bottom-enlarged section. An anchor hole is arranged at the center of the anchor rod. A grouting pipe is arranged in the anchor hole. The detachable node component includes an anti-corrosion plywood and high-strength bolts. The supporting structure includes a column foot bottom plate arranged on a supporting beam. A steel column is arranged at the upper midpoint of the column foot bottom plate. Both ends of the column foot bottom plate are connected with high-strength bolts, and the bottom of the supporting beam is connected with the anti-corrosion plywood.

2. According to the composite foundation structure of photovoltaic support in coal gangue area described in claim 1, it is characterized by: A stress sensor is embedded inside the anti-corrosion plywood at a position vertically corresponding to the high-strength bolt. The stress sensor is connected to the wireless transmission module. Through holes are provided at both ends of the column base plate, the support beam and the anti-corrosion plywood. The anchor rods pass through the through holes and are connected to the high-strength bolts.

3. According to the composite foundation structure of photovoltaic support in coal gangue area described in claim 1, it is characterized by: The support beam is a prefabricated component. The interior of the support beam is filled with coal gangue aggregate, cement, sand and admixtures that have been crushed, magnetically separated to remove metal impurities and screened for particle activation. The activation treatment is to soak the coal gangue aggregate in silane solution, and the coal gangue aggregate is mixed with cement, sand and admixture in proportion to form concrete. Anti-cracking agent is also added to the concrete.

4. According to the composite foundation structure of photovoltaic support in coal gangue area described in claim 1, it is characterized by: The steel plate is arranged in a trapezoidal structure, and the steel plate is rotated by controlling the anchor rod through a drill bit to form an inverted frustum structure, and an anti-corrosion coating is arranged on the surface of the anchor rod.

5. A construction method for a composite foundation structure of a photovoltaic support in a coal gangue area according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Use professional drilling equipment to drill vertically downward at the predetermined position. After the hole reaches the designed depth, over-drilling is performed. The over-drilling depth is set to 50cm. S2: insert the anchor rod connected with the steel plate into the bottom of the drill hole, and rotate the anchor rod 360° clockwise by rotating the drill bit to form an expanded bottom section of the inverted truncated cone structure; S3: insert the grouting pipe through the anchor hole, inject the grouting body mixed with admixture into the anchor hole under high pressure, add admixture into the grouting body, and perform curing after the grouting is completed to make the grouting body reach the designed strength; S4: After the construction is completed and reaches a certain strength, the detachable node is installed and the wires of the stress sensor are connected to the wireless transmission module; S5: During the installation of the detachable node, the anchor rod is passed through the through hole of the anti-corrosion splint; S6: Prepare the support beam, pour the prepared concrete into the pre-designed steel mesh mold, and perform curing after pouring to make the support beam reach the designed strength; S7: Use the lifting equipment to hoist the support beam into place, align the through hole of the support beam with the anchor rod, and fix it with high-strength bolts; S8: Align the anchor rod with the through hole of the column base plate of the photovoltaic bracket and fix it to the column base plate with high-strength bolts.

6. The construction method of a composite foundation structure of a photovoltaic support in a gangue area according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S2, the outer diameter ratio and vertical height difference of the inverted truncated cone structure of the bottom expansion section are dynamically adapted according to the geological characteristics. A gentle expansion ratio is adopted for sandy formations, and a steep expansion ratio is adopted for clay formations. The curvature of the bottom surface of the inverted truncated cone structure matches the geometric parameters of the bottom expansion section.

7. The construction method of a composite foundation structure of a photovoltaic support in a gangue area according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, when the grouting body is injected under high pressure, the grouting pressure is precisely controlled according to the formation conditions to ensure that the grouting body can fully fill the gaps in the bottom expansion section and around the anchor rod.

8. The construction method of a composite foundation structure of a photovoltaic support in a gangue area according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S6, the steps of preparing the support beam specifically include: S61: After pre-treatment of coal gangue aggregate by crushing, magnetic separation and screening, metal impurities therein are removed, and then surface activation treatment is performed by soaking in silane solution; S62: Mixing the surface activated coal gangue aggregate with cement, sand and admixture in a certain proportion to form concrete for filling the internal structure of the support beam; S63: Pour the prepared concrete into the pre-designed steel mesh mold, and ensure that the concrete is vibrated and compacted during the pouring process.

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