Fabricated side slope foot rest integrated with water collection and drainage side ditch and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides an assembly type side slope foot integrated with a water collection and drainage side gutter, the side slope foot is arranged on each step of a plurality of steps on a high and steep soil side slope, the side slope foot comprises a prefabricated wing plate, a cast-in-place bottom plate, a side gutter cover plate, an anti-slide pile and a side gutter groove for water collection and drainage, and the prefabricated wing plate, the cast-in-place bottom plate, the side gutter cover plate, the anti-slide pile and the side gutter groove are arranged on the side slope. The side ditch grooves and the slide-resistant piles are arranged on the corresponding steps, and the slide-resistant piles penetrate through the side ditch grooves and penetrate through the graded side slope sliding surface; the prefabricated wing plate is installed on the side edge of a side ditch groove, the included angle between the side edge and the bottom edge of the prefabricated wing plate is the same as the angle of the side ditch groove, and a plurality of wing plate stiffening ribs are evenly arranged on the inner side of the prefabricated wing plate at intervals. The cast-in-place bottom plate is cast in the inner side space of the prefabricated wing plate; and the side ditch cover plate covers the side ditch groove. The reinforcing effect on the side slope is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction engineering, and particularly relates to a prefabricated slope toe integrating a water collection and drainage ditch and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] On both sides of infrastructure such as highways and waterways, there are often high soil slopes. Compared with high rock slopes, high soil slopes are more likely to cause landslides and collapses during periods of large precipitation or when disturbed during construction and operation stages, resulting in slope instability. At the same time, due to infrastructure construction, the vegetation in the slope area is damaged, and the scarcity of slope vegetation or the reduction of vegetation under the influence of human development leads to an increase in the water content of the slope soil during heavy rainfall, forming a water-rich high slope, which is not conducive to construction during the rainy season. High slopes are prone to soil erosion under the cyclic action of rainfall and sun exposure and weathering, which is not conducive to the long-term stability of high slopes. Therefore, it is necessary to reinforce and protect the high soil slopes on both sides of infrastructure such as highways and waterways.

[0003] When reinforcing and protecting slopes, a toe and a drainage ditch need to be set at the bottom, and for multi-level slopes, a toe and a catchment ditch also need to be set at the steps. The catchment ditch collects the water flowing down from the upper-level slope, plays a role in dissipating kinetic energy by means of a drop flow, and prevents the water flow velocity from being too fast to scour the slope. As an anti-slip resistance structure, the self-weight of the toe needs to meet the requirements, so it occupies a large space at the steps. When arranging the catchment ditch at the steps, there is insufficient space. Enlarging the width of the steps requires increasing the slope ratio, which is not conducive to slope stability and increases costs at the same time.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a prefabricated slope toe integrating a water collection and drainage ditch and a construction method thereof to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a prefabricated slope toe integrating a water collection and drainage ditch. The slope toe is arranged on each step of a multi-level step of a high and steep soil slope. The slope toe includes: a precast wing plate, a cast-in-place bottom plate, a gutter cover plate, anti-slide piles, and a water collection and drainage gutter trench. Among them,

[0006] The gutter trench and the anti-slide piles are both arranged on the corresponding steps, and the anti-slide piles penetrate through the gutter trench and pass through the slope slip surface after grading;

[0007] The precast wing plate is installed on the side of the gutter trench. The included angle between the side and the bottom of the precast wing plate is the same as the angle of the gutter trench. A plurality of wing plate stiffeners are evenly arranged at intervals inside the precast wing plate;

[0008] The cast-in-place bottom plate is poured in the inner space of the precast wing plate;

[0009] The gutter cover plate covers the gutter trench.

[0010] Furthermore, the precast wing plate is L-shaped, and wing plate strengthening corners are provided at the corners of the structure, and an arc-shaped inner corner is formed at the corner.

[0011] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a construction method for an assembled slope toe with an integrated water collection and drainage side ditch. The slope toe is the above-mentioned slope toe. Among them, the method includes:

[0012] S1. Install anti-slide piles and excavate side ditch grooves for water collection and drainage on each step of the multi-level steps graded on the high-steep soil slope.

[0013] S2. Install the precast wing plates that have been precast on the side of the side ditch groove through a hoisting auxiliary device.

[0014] S3. After the precast wing plates are installed, pour the cast-in-place bottom slab.

[0015] S4. Respectively open a first reserved hole as a slope drainage ditch and a second reserved hole as a side ditch drain pipe on the precast wing plates on the side of each side ditch groove to form a slope toe, which serves as the construction foundation for the slope protection grid based on vegetation concrete.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S1, installing the anti-slide piles includes:

[0017] Adopt bored cast-in-place piles, and set 1 anti-slide pile every N3 meters along the direction of the step. The anti-slide pile penetrates the slope sliding surface after grading. Among them, the top elevation of the anti-slide pile is flush with the step where it is located.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S1, excavating the side ditch groove for water collection and drainage includes:

[0019] Adopt the "retreat method" to excavate the side ditch groove for water collection and drainage on each step, including: after the excavator is in place, remove a step working board in front of the excavator bucket, excavate the side ditch groove, and after the excavation is completed, the excavator moves back a step working board step distance and continues to excavate;

[0020] After the excavation is completed, pat and compact each side of the side ditch groove to provide a foundation for the installation of the precast wing plates.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S3, installing the precast wing plates that have been precast includes:

[0022] Before installing the precast wing plates, fully spread geotextile on the inner side of the side ditch groove as the side ditch groove waterproof layer. The geotextile is tightly spread along the inner wall of the side ditch groove and both ends extend and are inserted into the soil layer to fix the geotextile.

[0023] Further, the geotextile side ditch trench water barrier forms an integral water barrier between the precast wing plates and the side ditch trench. After the side ditch trench water barrier is laid, the precast wing plates are hoisted and installed.

[0024] Further, multiple embedded lifting points are provided on each precast wing plate, and the wing plate stiffeners are integrally formed with the precast wing plates.

[0025] Further, each precast wing plate is provided with 4 embedded lifting points, which are evenly and symmetrically arranged in space. The distance from the 4 embedded lifting points to the longitudinal symmetry axis is N6 meters. During hoisting, the cable is suspended through the 4 embedded lifting points to adjust the spatial orientation of the precast wing plate so that the precast wing plate can be installed closely against the side ditch trench.

[0026] Further, in step S4, before opening the first reserved hole and the second reserved hole, it also includes: arching and slope repairing on the cast-in-place bottom plate in sections of N4 meters;

[0027] In step S4, specifically opening the first reserved hole and the second reserved hole includes:

[0028] On one side of the precast wing plate in the side ditch trench, holes are opened at intervals of N7 meters as the first reserved holes for the slope drainage ditch, and on the other side of the precast wing plate in the side ditch trench, holes are opened at intervals of N8 meters as the second reserved holes for the side ditch drain pipe. Among them, the first reserved holes are located above the second reserved holes, and the second reserved holes are located at the elevation of 0 of the drainage slope formed by arching and slope repairing;

[0029] In addition, after each reserved hole is opened, a side ditch cover plate is covered on the constructed water collection and drainage side ditch.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. As the side ditch bottom plate (i.e., the cast-in-place bottom plate) for water collection and drainage, it connects the two side precast wing plates into an integral whole, preventing the infiltration of side ditch water collection, and having organized centralized drainage.

[0032] 2. As the toe of each level of slope after grading, under the self-weight of the mass concrete, it is used to reinforce the steps after slope grading, resist the sliding trend of the upper soil body, converge the sliding surfaces of each level of slope and the sliding surface of the slope after grading, and play a role in ensuring the stability of the slope.

[0033] 3. As the capping beam of the anti-slide piles, it connects all the anti-slide piles of the steps after grading the same slope into an integral whole, forming the effect of group piles cooperating to resist sliding. Compared with single piles each undertaking the anti-slide task, it enhances the overall anti-slide effect of the anti-slide piles and effectively improves the reinforcement effect of the anti-slide piles on the slope.

[0034] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the following description, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the specification, claims as well as the drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0035] In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 Shows a detailed structural schematic diagram of the slope toe according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 Shows a structural schematic diagram of the hoisting auxiliary device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 Shows a top view of the stepped working platform and anti-slide piles according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 Shows according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the slope drain pipe and slope drainage ditch in the side direction;

[0040] Figure 5 Shows a structural schematic diagram of the slope toe after construction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 Shows a structural schematic diagram of the high-steep slope graded excavation and slope slip surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 Shows a structural schematic diagram of the slope protection grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 Shows a structural schematic diagram of the ecological interlocking block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 Shows a structural schematic diagram of the ecological interlocking blocks formed by wedge embedding and interlocking with each other according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0046] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an assembled slope toe with an integrated water collection and drainage side ditch and a construction method. Among them, in the assembled slope toe with an integrated water collection and drainage side ditch of the present invention, the slope toe 5 is provided on each step of the multi-level steps graded on the high and steep soil slope, as Figure 1 shown. The slope toe 5 includes: a precast wing plate 5.2, a cast-in-place bottom plate 5.5, a side ditch cover plate 5.7, an anti-slide pile 3, and a side ditch trench 5.1 for water collection and drainage, where:

[0047] The side ditch trench 5.1 and the anti-slide pile 3 are both provided on the corresponding steps, and the anti-slide pile 3 penetrates through the side ditch trench 5.1 and passes through the slope sliding surface 4.2 after grading; the precast wing plate 5.2 is installed on the side of the side ditch trench 5.1, and the included angle between the side and the bottom of the precast wing plate 5.2 is the same as the angle of the side ditch trench 5.1. A plurality of uniformly spaced wing plate stiffeners 5.2.1 are arranged inside the precast wing plate 5.2; the cast-in-place bottom plate 5.5 is poured into the inner space of the precast wing plate 5.2 and poured to a specified height, not exceeding the height of the side ditch trench 5.1, such as one-third of the height of the side ditch trench 5.1; the side ditch cover plate 5.7 covers the side ditch trench 5.1.

[0048] As Figure 2 shown, the precast wing plate 5.2 is L-shaped, and a wing plate enhanced corner 5.2.3 is provided at the corner of the structure, and an arc-shaped inner corner is formed at the corner; each precast wing plate 5.2 is provided with 4 embedded lifting points 5.2.2, and the wing plate stiffeners 5.2.1 are integrally formed with the precast wing plate 5.2.

[0049] Each precast wing plate 5.2 is provided with 4 embedded lifting points 5.2.2, which are evenly and symmetrically arranged in space. The 4 embedded lifting points 5.2.2 are both N6 meters away from the longitudinal symmetry axis, and the lifting cable is connected through the 4 embedded lifting points during hoisting.

[0050] The construction method of the assembled slope toe with an integrated water collection and drainage side ditch provided by the present invention includes:

[0051] S1. Install the anti-slide pile 3 and excavate the side ditch trench 5.1 for water collection and drainage on each step of the multi-level steps graded on the high and steep soil slope;

[0052] S2. Install the precast wing plates 5.2 that have been prefabricated on the side of the side ditch trench 5.1 through the hoisting auxiliary device 5.4;

[0053] S3. After the installation of the precast wing plates 5.2 is completed, pour the cast-in-place bottom plate 5.5;

[0054] S4. Respectively open the first reserved holes 5.2.4 serving as the slope drainage ditch 6 and the second reserved holes 5.2.5 serving as the side ditch drain pipes 5.6 on the precast wing plates 5.2 on the side of each side ditch trench 5.1 to form the slope toe 5 as the construction foundation of the slope protection grid 11 based on the vegetative concrete 10.

[0055] The construction method of the slope toe of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0056] (1) Install anti-slide piles

[0057] In step S1, install the anti-slide piles (3), including: using bored cast-in-place piles, and setting 1 anti-slide pile (3) every N3 meters along the direction of the step. The anti-slide pile (3) penetrates through the slope slip surface (4.2) after grading. Among them, the pile top elevation of the anti-slide pile (3) is flush with the corresponding step. The following gives an example:

[0058] Lay the step working plates 2 on the graded multi-level steps (such as the first-level step 1.1, the second-level step 1.2, and the third-level step 1.3). As Figure 3 shown, use steel plates with a width of 1.5 m and a length of 5 m as the step working plates 2, and lay each step working plate 2 at an interval of 1 m to reserve space for the construction of the anti-slide piles 3. Construction workers and machinery can use the step working plates 2 as the working surface to construct the anti-slide piles 3 on the high and steep slopes. The anti-slide piles 3 are bored cast-in-place piles with a pile diameter of 600 mm. Set 1 anti-slide pile 3 every N3 meters (such as 5 meters) along the direction of the step. The anti-slide pile 3 penetrates through the slope slip surface 4.2 after grading to ensure the anchoring effect on the soil above the slope slip surface 4.2 after grading and enhance the anti-sliding stability of the slope. Among them, the pile top elevation of the anti-slide pile 3 is flush with the corresponding step 1 and can be used as the support for the side ditch cover plate 5.7 in the later stage. Among them, Figure 6 in, the label 4.1 is the original slope slip surface, and the labels 4.3, 4.4, and 4.5 are the first-level, second-level, and third-level slope slip surfaces respectively.

[0059] (2) Excavate the side ditch trenches for water collection and drainage

[0060] In step S1, the side ditch trench (5.1) for water collection and drainage is excavated, including: using the "retreat method" to excavate the side ditch trench (5.1) for water collection and drainage on each step, including: after the excavator is in place, removing a step working board (2) in front of the excavator bucket, excavating the side ditch trench (5.1), and after the excavation is completed, the excavator moves back by the step distance of a step working board (2) and continues to excavate; after the excavation is completed, the sides of the side ditch trench (5.1) are flattened and compacted to provide a foundation for the installation of the precast wing plate (5.2).

[0061] (3) Install the precast wing plate

[0062] Before installing the precast wing plate 5.2, a geotextile is fully laid on the inner side of the side ditch trench 5.1 as the water barrier of the side ditch trench. The geotextile is tightly laid along the inner wall of the side ditch trench 5.1, and both ends extend (for example, 50 cm) and are inserted into the soil layer to fix the geotextile. The water barrier of the side ditch trench forms an integral water barrier between the precast wing plate 5.2 and the side ditch trench 5.1, which can effectively prevent the water collected in the side ditch trench 5.1 from seeping into the soil layer again along the gap. After the laying of the water barrier of the side ditch trench is completed, the precast wing plate 5.2 is hoisted and installed.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, the precast wing plate can be made of concrete with a height of 1 m, a bottom side length of 0.2 m, and a main body thickness of 6 cm of the precast wing plate 5.2, and is precast with concrete having a strength not lower than C30 to ensure that the strength of the lightweight component meets the requirements. The wing plate reinforcement corner 5.2.3 with a thickness of 15 cm is provided at the corner of the structure of the precast wing plate 5.2. By forming an arc-shaped inner corner at the corner, the structural strength of the precast wing plate 5.2 at the turning position is increased, and the damage to the weak position of the component strength caused by knocking during the hoisting and installation process is avoided.

[0064] For the convenience of on-site hoisting and installation, the length of each section of the precast wing plate 5.2 can be exemplarily set to 3 m. A wing plate stiffener 5.2.1 is provided at an interval of N5 meters (for example, 1 m) on the inner side of each section of the precast wing plate 5.2, that is, two wing plate stiffeners 5.2.1 are evenly arranged on each section of the precast wing plate 5.2. The wing plate stiffener 5.2.1 has a thickness of 5 cm and a width of 20 cm, which is used to enhance the structural strength of the long side of the precast wing plate 5.2 and avoid the cracking of the concrete on the long side of the precast wing plate 5.2 caused by knocking during the hoisting and installation process. When the precast wing plate 5.2 is precast, the wing plate stiffener 5.2.1 and the precast wing plate 5.2 are integrally cast and precast to form a whole.

[0065] For the convenience of hoisting and installing the precast wing plate 5.2, 4 embedded lifting points 5.2.2 are arranged symmetrically and evenly in space. The distance from the 4 embedded lifting points 5.2.2 to the longitudinal symmetry axis is N6 meters, for example, 1m. At this time, the upper 2 embedded lifting points 5.2.2 are 5 cm away from the long upper edge line, and the lower 2 embedded lifting points 5.2.2 are 10 cm away from the outer edge line of the short side. During hoisting, the cable is connected through the 4 embedded lifting points to adjust the spatial orientation of the precast wing plate 5.2 so that the precast wing plate 5.2 can be installed closely against the side ditch trench 5.1.

[0066] The hoisting and installation of the precast wing plate 5.2 is carried out by using the hoisting auxiliary device 5.4. The structure of the hoisting auxiliary device 5.4 is as Figure 2 shown, including an I-beam and some welded lifting holes. For example, there is an I-beam with a length of 1.5 m. Two cable holes 5.4.1 are symmetrically welded on the lower flange of the I-beam, and the distance between the two cable holes 5.4.1 is 0.3 m. One crane hole 5.4.2 is welded in the middle of the upper flange of the I-beam. Among them, the hoisting and installation of the precast wing plate 5.2 includes:

[0067] As Figure 2 shown, pass a cable through one of the embedded lifting points 5.2.2 on the long side of the precast wing plate 5.2, one of the cable holes 5.4.1 on the lower flange of the I-beam, and one of the embedded lifting points 5.2.2 on the short side of the precast wing plate 5.2. The two ends of the cable are fixed at one of the embedded lifting points 5.2.2 on the long side and one of the embedded lifting points 5.2.2 on the short side of the precast wing plate 5.2. Then pass another cable through the other embedded lifting point 5.2.2 on the long side of the precast wing plate 5.2, the other cable hole 5.4.1 on the lower flange of the I-beam, and the other embedded lifting point 5.2.2 on the short side of the precast wing plate 5.2. The two ends of the cable are fixed at the other embedded lifting point 5.2.2 on the long side and the other embedded lifting point 5.2.2 on the short side of the precast wing plate 5.2.

[0068] Lift the precast wing plate 5.2 through the crane hole 5.4.2. By adjusting the position of the I-beam on the cable, the spatial angle of the precast wing plate 5.2 can be adjusted so that the precast wing plate 5.2 is parallel to the side of the side ditch trench 5.1 for installation closely against the side of the side ditch trench 5.1.

[0069] (4) Pour the cast-in-place bottom slab

[0070] After the installation of the precast wing plate 5.2 is completed, pour the cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5. The cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5 adopts the construction method of concrete cast-in-place. For example, the cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5 is poured with concrete of C15 strength and a thickness of 50 cm, so that the cast-in-place bottom slab (5.5) is poured in the inner space of the precast wing plate (5.2) to ensure that the self-weight of the concrete can meet the ballast requirements for the steps, and at the same time meet the anchorage length of the anti-slide pile 3 to enhance the grip of the cast-in-place bottom slab 5.5 on the anti-slide pile 3.

[0071] After pouring, vibrate and cure it. After the concrete reaches the designed strength, repair the slope with cement mortar. That is, starting from a specified distance, for example, taking 60m as a section, arch the slope to form a drainage slope. As Figure 4 shown, the center position of the drainage slope is raised by 10cm based on the original concrete top elevation, and the elevation is uniformly reduced to 0 in sequence for 30m lengths on both sides, so as to form a drainage slope, which is conducive to the rapid organized drainage of the catchment drainage side ditch. At the same time, use cement mortar to fill the gaps existing in the lap joint of the precast wing plate 5.2.

[0072] (5) Open the first reserved hole and the second reserved hole

[0073] As Figure 1 and 4 shown, after the construction of the cast-in-place bottom plate 5.5 is completed, the first reserved hole 5.2.4 serving as the slope drainage ditch 6 and the second reserved hole 5.2.5 serving as the side ditch drain pipe 5.26 are respectively opened on the precast wing plate 5.2 on the side of each side ditch trench 5.1 to form the slope toe 5, which serves as the construction foundation of the slope protection grid 11 based on the vegetative concrete. The following gives an example:

[0074] On one side of the precast wing plate 5.2 in the side ditch trench 5.1, holes are opened every N7 meters (for example, 10m) as the first reserved hole 5.2.4 of the slope drainage ditch 6, and on the other side of the precast wing plate 5.2 in the side ditch trench 5.1, holes are opened every N8 meters as the second reserved hole 5.2.5 of the side ditch drain pipe 5.6. That is, the example is as follows:

[0075] At the position where the elevation of the drainage slope of the arched slope repair is 0, on the side close to the side ditch drain pipe 5.6, a hole with a diameter of 20cm is opened as the second reserved hole 5.2.5 of the side ditch drain pipe 5.6, and a side ditch drain pipe 5.6 is set every 60m. Taking the highest point of the elevation of the arched slope repair, for example, 10cm, as the center, a hole with a diameter of 20cm is opened on the side close to the slope drainage ditch 6, and a hole with a diameter of 20cm is opened every 10m on both sides as the first reserved hole 5.2.4 of the slope drainage ditch 6. The first reserved hole 5.2.4 is located above the second reserved hole 5.2.5, and a slope drainage ditch 6 is set every 10m. Subsequently, the slope drainage ditch 6 can be positioned and installed according to the opened first reserved hole 5.2.4. After the drainage pipe extends out of the slope toe 5 through the second reserved hole 5.2.5 and is connected to the side ditch drain pipe 5.6, the side ditch drain pipe 5.6 is made of a PVC pipe with a diameter of 20cm, and the side ditch drain pipe 5.6 extends from top to bottom, so that the collected water can be drained to the lowest point through the side ditch drain pipe 5.6.

[0076] After all the reserved holes are opened, cover the completed catchment and drainage side ditch (i.e., on the side ditch trench 5.1) with the side ditch cover plate 5.7. The side ditch cover plate 5.7 is precast with C30 strength concrete with a thickness of 6 cm. Supported by the precast wing plates 5.2 and the anti-slide piles 3, the side ditch cover plate 5.7 can provide an operating platform for the personnel and machinery for the subsequent construction of the slope drainage ditch 6.

[0077] After (1)-(5), complete the construction of the slope toe 5 as shown in Figure 5 The construction of the slope toe 5 is carried out by using a combined structure construction method of "precast wing plate + cast-in-place bottom plate" (i.e., "assembly type + post-cast type"). The wing plates on both sides of the catchment and drainage side ditch are precast concrete components, and the bottom plate is cast-in-place concrete. This not only avoids the inconvenience of hoisting caused by the large self-weight of the integral precast components, but also avoids the complex processes of formwork support, maintenance and form removal of the side ditch wing plates during integral cast-in-place, improves the construction efficiency and saves the construction period. And it also integrates the following three functions:

[0078] 1. As the bottom plate of the catchment and drainage side ditch (i.e., the cast-in-place bottom plate), connect the precast wing plates 5.2 on both sides into a whole, prevent the infiltration of the side ditch water collection, and have organized centralized drainage.

[0079] 2. As the toe of each level of the slope after grading, under the action of the self-weight of the mass concrete, it is used to reinforce the steps after slope grading, resist the sliding trend of the upper soil body, and converge the sliding surfaces of each level of the slope and the sliding surface 4.2 of the slope after grading, playing a role in ensuring the stability of the slope.

[0080] 3. As the capping beam of the anti-slide piles 3, connect all the anti-slide piles 3 of the steps after the same slope grading into a whole, forming the effect of group piles cooperating to resist sliding. Compared with single piles each undertaking the anti-slide task, it enhances the overall anti-slide effect of the anti-slide piles 3 and effectively improves the reinforcement effect of the anti-slide piles 3 on the slope.

[0081] In addition, in the present invention, before the construction of the slope toe, it is also necessary to carry out the step of grading excavation of the high and steep slope, that is: on the high and steep soil slope at an elevation of N1 meters, set a level of steps every time the elevation is reduced by N2 meters, and lay the step working plate 2 on each level of steps. The following is an example:

[0082] For the overall protection and reinforcement of the high and steep soil slope, the design and construction are difficult. The range of the slope sliding surface of the high and steep soil slope is relatively large. When carrying out the overall protection and reinforcement, it is necessary for the anchoring device to penetrate the slope sliding surface, and at the same time, it is required that the gravity of the slope ballast device is large to meet the requirements of the overall stability of the slope surface. The consumption of slope protection materials is large, which is not conducive to the long-term stability of the high and steep slope and does not meet the requirements of green construction and resource conservation.

[0083] Therefore, the present invention performs graded excavation on the high-steep soil slope, and divides the high-steep soil slope into several small slopes by setting slope grading steps. For example, Figure 6 as shown, slope protection and reinforcement are carried out separately. Vertically on the high-steep soil slope, a slope grading step is set at every certain distance interval in elevation.

[0084] Taking a high-steep soil slope with an elevation of 30m as an example, it is illustrated as follows: From the top of the slope downwards, a step is set every time the elevation drops by 8m. That is, at an elevation of 22m, there is a first-level step 1.1, and the small slope separated above it is the first-level slope. At an elevation of 14m, there is a second-level step 1.2, and the small slope separated above it is the second-level slope. At an elevation of 6m, there is a third-level step 1.3, and the small slope separated above it is the third-level slope. The width of the slope grading step 1 is 1.5m. The excess soil above each step is cut off, and the slope surface is leveled to form several small slopes. The slope grading step integrates multiple functions: as the boundary for grading the high-steep soil slope, it divides the high-steep soil slope into several small slopes. At the same time, it can be used as a construction operation working surface for personnel and machinery operation, provides a pile sinking position for the anti-slide pile 3 of the high-steep slope, and also serves as the placement area for the toe of the small slope and the side ditch for water collection and drainage, making the best use of the limited horizontal area of the slope surface.

[0085] After the construction of the slope toe, the following steps are also required:

[0086] S5. Construction of the slope surface drainage ditch; Excavate trenches at intervals of N4 meters on the slope surfaces of each graded slope to form slope surface drainage ditches, and install slope surface drainage pipes for drainage;

[0087] S6. Construction of the slope protection grid; Prepare vegetative concrete and pour the longitudinal grid ribs 11.1 and transverse grid ribs 11.2 of the slope protection grid successively to form the slope protection grid 11;

[0088] S7. Construction of the ecological interlocking block combined slope protection structure; Pave a plurality of ecological interlocking blocks 12 in the slope protection grid 11 in a wedged and mutually occluding form, and sow grass seeds in N9 empty grass planting holes 12.1 opened in each block.

[0089] The following will be described in detail.

[0090] (6) Construction of the slope surface drainage ditch

[0091] The construction method of the slope surface drainage ditch is as follows: On the slope surfaces of each graded slope, a trench with a width of, for example, 50cm and a depth of 50cm is excavated at intervals of N4 (for example, 10m). The bottom of the trench is fully covered with geotextile, and the width of the geotextile is, for example, 70cm. On the two side walls of the trench, a specified height (for example, 10cm) is closely laid as the water-proof and anti-seepage layer of the slope surface drainage ditch 6, effectively ensuring that the collected water is drained in an organized and concentrated manner along the direction of the slope surface drainage ditch 6.

[0092] Lay a ditch sand cushion layer on the geotextile, and spread medium sand with a specified fineness modulus of 3.0 - 2.3 and an average particle size of 0.5 - 0.35 mm along the slope drainage ditch 6, with a thickness of, for example, 10 cm; install a slope drainage pipe in the middle of the sand cushion layer, and the lower end of the slope drainage pipe of the slope drainage ditch penetrates into the first reserved hole 5.2.4 as the main channel for water collection and drainage of the slope drainage ditch 6; after the slope drainage pipe is installed, fill the remaining space of the slope drainage ditch 6 with a graded crushed stone covering layer, which is filled and compacted with graded crushed stone of 1 - 30 mm. The sand cushion layer, the slope drainage pipe, and the graded crushed stone covering layer of the slope drainage ditch together form the slope drainage ditch 6. Under the action of the water head difference, the pore water in the surface soil layer of the slope seeps into the slope drainage pipe through the voids in the graded crushed stone covering layer of the slope drainage ditch, and completes centralized organized drainage along the slope direction through the slope drainage pipe. While improving the slope drainage efficiency, it reduces the uneven settlement of the slope surface and soil erosion caused by uneven drainage consolidation. It also provides a working surface for the construction of the ecological slope protection structure in the later stage.

[0093] (7) Construction of the slope protection grid of vegetative concrete

[0094] The construction method of the slope protection grid based on vegetative concrete is as follows: the combined ecological slope protection structure of "slope protection grid of vegetative concrete + ecological interlocking blocks" is composed of the slope protection grid 11 formed by pouring vegetative concrete prepared according to the concrete mix ratio provided by the present invention and the ecological interlocking blocks 12. Compared with the traditional ordinary concrete well - shaped slope protection, the enhanced ballast blocks can effectively ballast the soil of high - steep slopes. Compared with the slope protection grid of ordinary concrete and solid ballast blocks, under the dual slope protection effects of the gravity ballast of "slope protection grid of vegetative concrete + ecological interlocking blocks" and the soil fixation by plant roots, it not only improves the slope stability, but also can improve and repair the ecological environment through vegetation protection. At the same time, as the plant roots grow continuously, it can reinforce the soil from the source, prevent soil erosion and slope instability and damage.

[0095] In some embodiments of the present invention, the production method of vegetative concrete is as follows, including: the vegetative concrete is constructed by the method of on - site mixing and pouring, and the mix ratio of the vegetative concrete is as follows: cement: water: gravel = 1:0.25:4.5.

[0096] Without using medium sand and coarse sand, since the concrete mixed only uses gravel as the aggregate, there is no medium sand and coarse sand filling on the surface and inside of the vegetative concrete, which can leave more pores as the space and path for the extension of plant roots. While the plant roots play the role of supporting the voids of the vegetative concrete instead of the fine aggregate support of medium and coarse sand, it provides a path for the extension of plant roots to closely combine with the surrounding soil. Through the connection of plant roots, the slope protection vegetative concrete structure and the slope soil body form an integral whole, further strengthening the slope stability.

[0097] The cement used in the vegetation concrete prepared by mixing cement, water and stones in a specified ratio is ordinary Portland cement with a strength grade of 42.5. During the initial setting to final setting stage when the vegetation concrete has no fine aggregate, to ensure the bonding strength between the coarse aggregates of the vegetation concrete, the amount of cement used per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is, for example, 360 kg. The stones used for mixing the vegetation concrete are, for example, well-graded stones with a particle size of 15 - 30 mm. Flaky stones should be removed from the stones so that the stones with different particle sizes can maintain an effective "biting force" through reasonable grading, support each other, and ensure the stability of the concrete structure. The amount of well-graded stones with a particle size of 15 - 30 mm used per cubic meter of vegetation concrete is, for example, 1620 kg. Each cubic meter of vegetation concrete is mixed with, for example, 90 kg of clean water. The admixture of the vegetation concrete is a concrete surface strengthening agent. When mixing the vegetation concrete, 1 kg of the concrete surface strengthening agent is added per cubic meter of vegetation concrete and mixed evenly. Through the concrete surface strengthening agent, the vegetation concrete can maintain a relatively high strength during the initial setting to final setting stage, improving the structural stability of the vegetation concrete. After the vegetation concrete is mixed, a specified weight, for example, 100 g of grass seeds (such as bermudagrass seeds) is incorporated into each cubic meter of vegetation concrete, and then mixed evenly to make the grass seeds evenly mixed into the vegetation concrete, thus completing the preparation of the vegetation concrete.

[0098] In addition, in some embodiments of the present invention, the longitudinal grid ribs 11.1 and the transverse grid ribs 11.2 of the slope protection grid 11 are poured successively, including:

[0099] Grooves with a width of 50 cm and a depth of 50 cm are excavated longitudinally and transversely at intervals of N10 meters (for example, 6 m) on the slopes of each level for pouring the slope protection grid 11 of the vegetation concrete. Side formworks are set up in each groove. The formworks are made of steel plates with a height of, for example, 65 cm, of which 5 cm is inserted into the soil layer for anchoring and fixing the formworks, and the formworks are higher than the slope surface by a specified distance (for example, 10 cm) for supporting the pouring of the vegetation concrete above the slope surface.

[0100] The mixed vegetation concrete is first used to pour the longitudinal grid ribs 11.1, and then the transverse grid ribs 11.2. During pouring, it is poured section by section from bottom to top to prevent the concrete from sliding and segregating due to the overly steep slope surface. After the vegetation concrete reaches the final setting, it is watered and cured every specified number of days (for example, 2 days), which is beneficial to improving the concrete strength and promoting the growth of grass seeds in the pores of the vegetation concrete, and timely filling the pores of the vegetation concrete.

[0101] After the strength of the vegetation concrete reaches the specified strength and the curing is completed, the concrete formwork is removed, as Figure 7As shown in the figure, ecological interlocking blocks 12 are paved in each slope protection grid 11 formed by longitudinal grid ribs 11.1 and transverse grid ribs 11.2, for example, each with a size of 6m * 6m.

[0102] 7. Construction of ecological interlocking block combined slope protection structure

[0103] Ecological interlocking blocks 12 are also paved in the grids of the slope protection grid 11. The shape of the ecological interlocking block 12 is as Figure 8 shown. The ecological interlocking blocks 12 are laid in a form of wedge embedding and mutual biting to form the Figure 9 schematic structure shown. After the ecological interlocking blocks 12 are paved, 2g of grass seeds (for example, bermudagrass seeds) are put into N9 (for example, 5) hollow grass planting holes 12.1 opened in the middle of each ecological interlocking block 12. The grass seeds have space and paths to grow downward through the space of the hollow grass planting holes 12.1, and together with the ecological interlocking blocks 12, they play a role in slope protection and reinforcement of the slope soil body. At the same time, the interlacing of grass roots makes the slope protection grid 11 of the vegetative concrete and the ecological interlocking blocks 12 be tightly connected into a whole through the grass roots, playing a role in collaborative reinforcement of the slope, preventing slope instability and soil erosion at the same time.

[0104] In summary, the conventional high-steep slope composite reinforcement system combines a gravity ballast and an anchoring system, and then sets up a drainage system. Therefore, the degree of mutual cooperation of each part of the composite reinforcement system is not high, the construction period is long, the difficulty is large, the cost is high, and at the same time, the slope protection material mainly based on concrete is used, which is not conducive to the greening of the slope, the slope protection effect of plants cannot be exerted, and it is easy to be damaged after the slope protection construction is completed, which is not conducive to later maintenance. However, the present invention adopts a high-slope composite reinforcement and protection system of "cluster drainage + ecological slope protection" based on anti-slide pile grading, organically combines each part of the composite slope protection, and the subsystems interact with each other, achieving the effect of high-slope protection and reinforcement while reducing the use of ballast and anchoring materials. The use of ecological slope protection further conserves water and solidifies the soil, enhancing the durability of the protection system.

[0105] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to form equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but as long as the content does not depart from the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch, wherein: The side slope footing (5) is arranged on each step of a multi-step step on a high and steep soil slope. The side slope footing (5) comprises: a prefabricated wing plate (5.2), a cast-in-place bottom plate (5.5), a side ditch cover plate (5.7), anti-slip piles (3) and a side ditch groove (5.1) for collecting and draining water, wherein: The side ditch groove (5.1) and the anti-slip pile (3) are both arranged on corresponding steps, and the anti-slip pile (3) penetrates the side ditch groove (5.1) and passes through the graded side slope sliding surface (4.2); The prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is installed on the side of the side ditch groove (5.1), the angle between the side and the bottom of the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is the same as the angle of the side ditch groove (5.1), and a plurality of wing plate stiffening ribs (5.2.1) are evenly arranged at intervals on the inner side of the prefabricated wing plate (5.2); The cast-in-place base plate (5.5) is cast in the inner space of the prefabricated wing plate (5.2); The side ditch cover plate (5.7) covers the side ditch groove (5.1).

2. The assembled slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch according to claim 1, wherein: The prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is L-shaped, and a wing plate reinforcement corner (5.2.3) is arranged at the corner of the structure of the prefabricated wing plate (5.2), so that an arc-shaped inner corner is formed at the corner.

3. A construction method for an assembled slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch, wherein the slope footing is the slope footing of claim 2, wherein: The method comprises: S1. Install anti-slide piles (3) and dig drainage ditches (5.1) on each step of the multi-step ladder on the steep soil slope; S2, installing the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) on the side of the side ditch groove (5.1) by means of a lifting auxiliary device (5.4); S3, after the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is installed, the cast-in-place base plate (5.5) is cast; S4. A first reserved hole (5.2.4) serving as a slope drainage ditch (6) and a second reserved hole (5.2.5) serving as a side ditch drainage pipe (5.6) are respectively provided on the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) on the side of each side ditch groove (5.1) to form a side slope footing (5) as a construction basis for a slope protection grid (11) based on vegetation concrete.

4. The construction method of a prefabricated slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch according to claim 3, wherein: In step S1, installing the anti-slip pile (3) includes: Bored cast-in-place piles are used, and an anti-slip pile (3) is set every N3 meters along the direction of the step. The anti-slip pile (3) passes through the graded slope sliding surface (4.2), wherein the pile top elevation of the anti-slip pile (3) is flush with the step where it is located.

5. The construction method of a prefabricated slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch according to claim 3, wherein: In step S1, digging a side ditch for collecting and draining water (5.1) includes: A "backward method" is used to excavate a side ditch (5.1) for collecting and draining water on each step, including: after the excavator is in place, a step working plate (2) in front of the excavator bucket is removed to excavate the side ditch (5.1); after the excavation is completed, the excavator moves back by a step distance of the step working plate (2) to continue excavating; After excavation is completed, the sides of the side ditch groove (5.1) are flattened and compacted to provide a foundation for the installation of the prefabricated wing plate (5.2).

6. A construction method for an assembled slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: In step S3, the installation of the prefabricated wing panel (5.2) includes: Before installing the prefabricated wing plate (5.2), a geotextile is fully spread on the inner side of the side ditch groove (5.1) as a side ditch groove water-proof layer. The geotextile is fully spread along the inner wall of the side ditch groove (5.1), and the two ends extend out and insert into the soil layer to fix the geotextile.

7. The construction method of a prefabricated slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch according to claim 6, wherein: The geotextile side ditch trench waterproof layer forms an integral waterproof barrier between the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) and the side ditch trench (5.1). After the side ditch trench waterproof layer is laid, the prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is hoisted and installed.

8. A construction method for an assembled slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: Each prefabricated wing plate (5.2) is provided with a plurality of pre-embedded hanging points (5.2.2), and the wing plate stiffening ribs (5.2.1) are integrally formed with the prefabricated wing plate (5.2).

9. A construction method for an assembled slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: Each prefabricated wing panel (5.2) is provided with 4 pre-buried hanging points (5.2.2), which are evenly and symmetrically arranged in space. The 4 pre-buried hanging points (5.2.2) are all N6 meters away from the longitudinal symmetry axis. During the hoisting, the cables are hoisted through the 4 pre-buried hanging points to adjust the spatial orientation of the prefabricated wing panel (5.2) so that the prefabricated wing panel (5.2) can be installed closely to the side ditch groove (5.1).

10. A construction method for an assembled slope footing with integrated water collection and drainage ditch according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: In step S4, before the first reserved hole (5.2.4) and the second reserved hole (5.2.5) are opened, the step further includes: arching and slope repairing on the cast-in-place bottom plate (5.5) with a length of N4 meters; In step S4, opening the first reserved hole (5.2.4) and the second reserved hole (5.2.5) specifically includes: A hole is opened at intervals of N7 meters on a prefabricated wing plate (5.2) on one side of the side ditch groove (5.1) as a first reserved hole (5.2.4) of the slope drainage ditch (6), and a hole is opened at intervals of N8 meters on a prefabricated wing plate (5.2) on the other side of the side ditch groove (5.1) as a second reserved hole (5.2.5) of the side ditch drainage pipe (5.6), wherein the first reserved hole (5.2.4) is located above the second reserved hole (5.2.5), and the second reserved hole (5.2.5) is located at the elevation 0 of the drainage slope formed by arching and slope repair; In addition, after the reserved holes are opened, a side ditch cover plate (5.7) is covered on the completed water collection and drainage side ditch.

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