Railway depot stand column damper adopting particle damping technology and design method

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway depot stand column damper adopting a particle damping technology and a design method, and relates to the technical field of vibration control, the railway depot stand column damper comprises a damper body arranged on a stand column, the damper body is fixed to the stand column through bolts, the damper body comprises a fixing support and a steel groove formed in the fixing support, and a sealing steel plate is arranged above the steel groove; a damping liquid filling opening is formed in the sealing steel plate, damping liquid is arranged in the steel tank, and a plurality of granular steel balls are arranged in the damping liquid; a damper design method is adopted, parameters are optimized according to actual measurement results, the damping ratio of a structural vibration transmission key path is increased, it is ensured that the damper achieves the optimal performance in a specific application scene, design accuracy and reliability are improved, cost and risks are reduced, and technical innovation is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration control, and particularly to a column damper for a railway depot based on particle damping technology and a design method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urban rail transit and the shortage of urban land resources, the vibration control technology for buildings on railways has been gradually widely applied. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the urban population and building density are increasing continuously, and urban space has become increasingly precious. In order to make more effective use of limited land resources, many cities have begun to explore the development of overlying properties above rail transit facilities such as subway depots or parking lots to achieve the multi-functional utilization of land and the comprehensive development of space.

[0003] However, due to the vibration and noise problems generated by the operation of subway trains, this overlying development mode may have an adverse impact on the structural safety and service functions of overlying buildings. The vibration sources mainly come from the interaction between the train and the track during operation, including wheel-rail contact forces, vibration transmission of the track structure, etc. These vibrations are transmitted through channels such as the track, ballast bed, and soil layer, and may affect the structure and internal environment of overlying buildings, thus affecting people's living and working environments.

[0004] To solve this problem, the vibration control technology for railway overlying buildings has emerged. These technologies include layout optimization in the planning and design stage, improvement of structural design measures, and the use of vibration isolation and damping materials and technologies in building construction.

[0005] However, the construction area of setting vibration isolation and damping materials is large, the control effect on low-frequency vibration is limited, and there is a possibility of wave reflection. When vibration waves encounter a vibration isolation barrier, they will be reflected, thus aggravating the vibration of the soil in front of the barrier. Without considering the vibration source control and internal vibration reduction measures of buildings, it is difficult to control only from the vibration propagation path, especially the construction volume is large, and it is difficult to carry out large-scale renovation projects in the already operating depot.

[0006] Therefore, a column damper for a railway depot based on particle damping technology and a design method thereof are provided to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a column damper for a railway depot based on particle damping technology and a design method thereof, optimize the parameters according to the actual measurement results, increase the damping ratio of the key path of structural vibration transmission, ensure that the damper reaches the best performance in a specific application scenario, and improve the accuracy and reliability of damper design.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a column damper for a railway vehicle depot using particle damping technology, including a damper provided on the column. The damper is fixed to the column by bolts. The damper includes a fixed bracket and a steel trough provided on the fixed bracket. A sealing steel plate is provided above the steel trough, and a damping liquid filling port is provided on the sealing steel plate. Damping liquid is provided inside the steel trough, and a number of granular steel balls are provided inside the damping liquid.

[0009] Preferably, the damping liquid is set as a viscous liquid at normal temperature.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing positions of the two fixed brackets are set at the one-fourth position, the one-half position, and the three-fourths position of the column.

[0011] A design method for a column damper of a railway vehicle depot using particle damping technology includes the following steps:

[0012] S1: Conduct a column vibration test on the vehicle depot that has been put into operation to obtain the column vibration characteristics;

[0013] S2: Establish a finite element model based on the column vibration characteristics, calibrate the finite element model through measured data, and invert the column excitation when the train passes through by the parameter estimation method;

[0014] S3: Construct an integrated model of the column structure and the damper, apply the column excitation to the integrated model of the column structure and the damper, perform a simulation calculation on the vibration absorption effect of the damper to obtain the damper objective function, and optimize the design of the damper objective function to optimize the damper design parameters.

[0015] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S21: Apply an excitation to the bottom of the column, invert the excitation load through the measured vibration response to obtain the equivalent train excitation load at the bottom of the column;

[0017] S22: Construct an objective function based on the difference between the vibration response at the test position in the finite element model and the measured vibration response, and perform minimization optimization on the objective function.

[0018] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] S31: Construct an integrated model of the column structure and the damper, and apply the column excitation to the integrated model of the column structure and the damper;

[0020] S32: Determine the damper objective function and the constraint conditions, set the damper objective function as the average vibration response at the top of the column, and convert the vibration limit value of the average vibration response at the top of the column into an energy form W j ;

[0021] S33: Optimize the damper parameters through an optimization algorithm.

[0022] Preferably, in step S32, the energy form W j is specifically expressed as:

[0023]

[0024] where S represents the vibration integral surface, ρ represents the vibration distribution density, a0 represents the vibration acceleration reference value, and the vibration acceleration reference value a0 is set to 1×10 -6 m / s 2 , and L a represents the vibration acceleration level, with the unit of dB.

[0025] Preferably, step S33 specifically includes the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: Optimize the damper objective function through a derivative-free optimization method, and the derivative-free optimization method is set to the bound optimization of quadratic approximation;

[0027] Step 2: Select the optimization parameters, and the optimization parameters are set to the particle size of the granular steel balls, the filling rate of the granular steel balls, the viscosity of the damping liquid, the filling rate of the damping liquid, and the set height of the damper;

[0028] Step 3: Set the maximum number of iterations, call the finite element simulation calculation software to solve the damper objective function, and obtain the result of parameter optimization.

[0029] Therefore, the railway vehicle depot column damper and design method adopting the above-mentioned particle damping technology of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention uses measured data for column parameter estimation and inversely calibrates the excitation model for damper optimization design, and can optimize these parameters according to the actual measurement results, ensuring that the damper reaches the best performance in specific application scenarios, not only improving the accuracy and reliability of the design, but also reducing costs and risks, and promoting technological innovation;

[0031] (2) The present invention fixes the damper on the column. As an important path for vehicle-induced vibration to propagate to the upper building in the vehicle depot column, vibration control at this position helps to reduce the size of the control structure and is convenient for construction;

[0032] (3) The present invention adopts a damper design method to increase the damping ratio of the key path of structural vibration transmission, and reasonably configure the size and filling rate of the granular steel balls, as well as the viscosity of the damping liquid, so as to achieve the optimal damping ratio at the design frequency.

[0033] The method solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the drawings and embodiments. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a column damper of a railway vehicle depot using a particle damping technology according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a detail diagram of a column damper of a railway vehicle depot using a particle damping technology according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the vertical vibration characteristics of the column according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral vibration characteristics of the column according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of applying an excitation to the bottom of the column in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a comparison diagram of the vibration responses of a column without a damper and a column with an additional damper in the time domain in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a comparison diagram of the vibration responses of a column without a damper and a column with an additional damper in the frequency domain in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Wherein: 1. Column; 2. Damper; 3. Bolt; 4. Fixed bracket; 5. Steel trough; 6. Sealing steel plate; 7. Damper liquid filling port; 8. Damper liquid; 9. Particle steel balls. Detailed Embodiment

[0042] The method solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, the method terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should have the ordinary meanings understood by those with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0044] In the present invention, words such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements before this word cover the elements listed after this word, and do not exclude the possibility of also covering other elements. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "inside", "outside", "above", "below", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation on the present invention. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "attachment" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] Embodiment

[0046] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in order to achieve the control of the vibration propagation path in the railway car depot and ensure the convenience of construction at the same time, the present invention provides a column damper for the railway car depot using the particle damping technology, including a damper 2 arranged on a column 1. The damper 2 is fixed on the column 1 through bolts 3, with simple construction and no interference with the normal operation of the car depot.

[0047] The damper 2 includes a fixed bracket 4 and a steel trough 5 arranged on the fixed bracket 4. A sealing steel plate 6 is arranged above the steel trough 5, a damping liquid filling port 7 is arranged on the sealing steel plate 6, damping liquid 8 is arranged inside the steel trough 5, the damping liquid 8 is set as a viscous liquid at normal temperature, and a number of granular steel balls 9 are arranged inside the damping liquid 8. The specific number of the number of granular steel balls 9 is obtained according to the calculation result of parameters.

[0048] In the actual installation process, first arrange the granular steel balls 9 inside the steel trough 5, then weld the sealing steel plate 6 to the steel trough 5, inject the damping liquid 8 through the damping liquid filling port 7, and finally seal the damping liquid filling port 7.

[0049] Since the main wave forms of the vibration transmission of the column are the first-order and second-order shear waves, the fixing positions of the two fixed brackets 4 are set at the quarter position, half position, and three-quarter position of the column 1, which is beneficial for the damper 2 to dissipate the vibration propagation energy of the column to the greatest extent.

[0050] A design method for a column damper of a railway car depot using the particle damping technology includes the following steps:

[0051] S1: AsFigure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in Figure 4 , column vibration tests are carried out on the vehicle depot that has been put into operation to obtain the column vibration characteristics, and the column vibration characteristics include vertical vibration characteristics and lateral vibration characteristics;

[0052] S2: Establish a finite element model according to the column vibration characteristics, calibrate the finite element model through measured data, and invert the column excitation when the train passes through by the parameter estimation method;

[0053] Step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0054] S21: As shown in Figure 5 , apply excitation to the bottom of the column, invert the excitation load through the measured vibration response, and obtain the equivalent train excitation load at the bottom of the column; Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 , apply excitation to the bottom of the column, invert the excitation load through the measured vibration response, and obtain the equivalent train excitation load at the bottom of the column;

[0055] S22: Construct an objective function based on the difference between the vibration response at the test position in the finite element model and the measured vibration response, minimize and optimize the objective function, and transform the inversion problem of the column excitation into an optimization problem of minimizing an objective function;

[0056] S3: Construct an integrated model of the column structure and the damper, apply the column excitation to the integrated model of the column structure and the damper, simulate and calculate the vibration absorption effect of the damper to obtain the damper objective function, optimize and design the damper objective function, and optimize the design parameters of the damper;

[0057] Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0058] S31: Construct an integrated model of the column structure and the damper, and apply the column excitation to the integrated model of the column structure and the damper;

[0059] S32: Determine the damper objective function and constraint conditions, set the damper objective function as the average vibration response at the top of the column, and convert the vibration limit value of the average vibration response at the top of the column into an energy form W j ;

[0060] In step S32, taking the single-frequency ground acceleration level as an example, the energy form W j is specifically expressed as:

[0061]

[0062] where S represents the vibration integral surface, ρ represents the vibration distribution density, a0 represents the vibration acceleration reference value, and the vibration acceleration reference value a0 is set to 1×10 -6 m / s 2 , L a represents the vibration acceleration level, and the unit is dB.

[0063] S33: Optimize the damper parameters through an optimization algorithm;

[0064] Step S33 specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] Step 1: Optimize the damper objective function through a derivative-free optimization method, and the derivative-free optimization method is set to the bound optimization of quadratic approximation;

[0066] Step 2: Select optimization parameters, which are set to the particle size of the granular steel balls, the filling rate of the granular steel balls, the viscosity of the damping liquid, the filling rate of the damping liquid, and the set height of the damper;

[0067] Step 3: Set the maximum number of iterations, call the finite element simulation calculation software to solve the damper objective function, and obtain the result of parameter optimization.

[0068] Analyze the effect of the damper. As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, after adding the particle damper, the vibration response amplitude at the upper part of the column significantly decreases. In the frequency domain, after adding the particle damper, the peak frequency amplitude of the column decreases and shifts to the low frequency, while the response of other frequencies slightly increases. This is mainly because after adding the damper, the damping ratio of the column structure is greatly improved in the wide frequency range, thus playing an energy distribution effect of "peaking and valley filling" for vibration propagation in the frequency domain. The increased mass of the damper makes the vibration shift slightly to the low frequency.

[0069] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned railway vehicle depot column damper and design method of a particle damping technology. The present invention adopts the damper design method, optimizes the parameters according to the actual measurement results, increases the damping ratio of the key path of structural vibration transmission, and ensures that the damper reaches the best performance in a specific application scenario. It not only improves the accuracy and reliability of the design, but also reduces the cost and risk, and promotes technological innovation.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the method solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the method solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified method solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the method solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway vehicle depot column damper using particle damping technology, characterized in that: The invention comprises a damper arranged on a column, which is fixed on the column by bolts. The damper comprises a fixing bracket and a steel groove arranged on the fixing bracket. A sealing steel plate is arranged above the steel groove, a damping liquid filling port is arranged on the sealing steel plate, damping liquid is arranged inside the steel groove, and a plurality of granular steel balls are arranged inside the damping liquid.

2. The railway vehicle depot column damper using particle damping technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The damping fluid is set to be a viscous liquid at room temperature.

3. The railway vehicle depot column damper using particle damping technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fixing positions of the two fixing brackets are arranged at a quarter position, a half position and a three-quarter position of the column.

4. A design method for a railway depot column damper using particle damping technology according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Conduct column vibration test on the depot that has been put into operation to obtain the column vibration characteristics; S2: Establish a finite element model based on the vibration characteristics of the column, calibrate the finite element model through measured data, and inversely simulate the column excitation when the train passes by using the parameter estimation method; S3: Construct an integrated model of column structure and damper, apply column excitation to the integrated model of column structure and damper, simulate and calculate the vibration absorption effect of the damper, obtain the damper objective function, optimize the damper objective function, and optimize the damper design parameters.

5. The design method of a railway vehicle depot column damper using particle damping technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21: Excitation is applied to the bottom of the column, and the excitation load is inverted through the measured vibration response to obtain the equivalent train excitation load at the bottom of the column; S22: construct an objective function according to the difference between the vibration response of the test position in the finite element model and the measured vibration response, and minimize and optimize the objective function.

6. The design method of a railway vehicle depot column damper using particle damping technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31: Construct an integrated model of column structure and damper, and apply column excitation to the integrated model of column structure and damper; S32: Determine the damper objective function and constraint conditions, set the damper objective function to the average vibration response of the column top, and convert the vibration limit of the average vibration response of the column top into energy form W j ; S33: Optimizing the damper parameters through an optimization algorithm.

7. The design method of a railway vehicle depot column damper using particle damping technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step S32, the energy form W j Specifically expressed as: Where S represents the vibration integral surface, ρ represents the vibration distribution density, and a0 represents the vibration acceleration reference value. The vibration acceleration reference value a0 is set to 1×10 -6 m / s 2 , L a Indicates the vibration acceleration level in dB.

8. The design method of a railway vehicle depot column damper using particle damping technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that: Step S33 specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Optimize the damper objective function by using a derivative-free optimization method, where the derivative-free optimization method is set as a bounded optimization of quadratic approximation; Step 2: Select optimization parameters, and set the optimization parameters to be the particle size of the granular steel balls, the filling rate of the granular steel balls, the viscosity of the damping fluid, the filling rate of the damping fluid, and the setting height of the damper; Step 3: Set the maximum number of iterations, call the finite element simulation software to solve the damper objective function, and obtain the parameter optimization results.

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