Novel high-color-gamut backlight LED lamp

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of LED lamps, and discloses a novel high-color-gamut backlight source LED lamp which comprises a frame, a light guide plate is installed in the frame, a reflecting film is installed at the bottom of the frame, an LED chip is fixedly installed at the top of the light guide plate, a purple light wafer and a blue light wafer are installed on the two sides of the upper portion of the LED chip respectively, and the purple light wafer and the blue light wafer are fixedly installed on the frame. The purple light wafer and the blue light wafer are arranged in the frame, a quantum dot fluorescent powder packaging film is fixedly mounted at the top of the frame, the purple light wafer is mainly used for exciting quantum dot fluorescent powder to generate red light and green light, and the blue light wafer directly outputs blue light to form a complete RGB spectrum combination. According to the invention, the combination design of the purple light LED chip and the blue light LED chip is adopted, and the optimized application of the quantum dot fluorescent powder is combined, so that the spectrum output with high color gamut coverage is realized, the problems of limited color gamut and non-uniform spectrum are solved, and the color expressive force and uniformity of the light source are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of LED lamps, and in particular to a novel high-color gamut backlight LED lamp. Background Art

[0002] At present, LED light sources are widely used in display devices, lighting systems, and multimedia displays. Due to their advantages such as high efficiency, energy saving, long lifespan, and small size, they have gradually become the mainstream light source technology. Traditional LED light sources usually consist of blue LED chips and fluoride red phosphors, and the blue light excites the fluoride red phosphors to produce a wide-spectrum output to meet the basic display and lighting needs. This type of light source has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and is widely used in general lighting and standard display fields. However, with the increasing requirements for color reproduction and image quality in the high-end display field, higher technical requirements are put forward for LED light sources.

[0003] Due to the technical solution of using a single blue light to excite phosphors in traditional LED light sources, their color gamut range is limited by the emission spectrum of the phosphors, especially in the red and green regions, resulting in weak color reproduction ability. This technical bottleneck makes it difficult to meet the requirements of high-color gamut displays, and at the same time shows obvious limitations in the applications of multimedia displays, professional displays, and HDR technology. In addition, the spectral output stability of the traditional structure is poor, and spectral drift is likely to occur during temperature changes or long-term use, further reducing the accuracy of the display effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a novel high-color gamut backlight LED lamp, which solves the problems of few color gamuts, too large application limitations of LED lamps in the prior art, and poor spectral output stability of the traditional structure, and is prone to spectral drift during temperature changes or long-term use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A new high-color-gamut backlight LED lamp, including a frame. Inside the frame, a light guide plate is installed. At the bottom of the frame, a reflective film is installed. At the top of the light guide plate, an LED chip is fixedly installed. On both sides above the LED chip, a purple light wafer and a blue light wafer are respectively installed, and both the purple light wafer and the blue light wafer are arranged inside the frame. At the top of the frame, a quantum dot phosphor encapsulation film is fixedly installed. The purple light wafer is mainly used to excite the quantum dot phosphor to generate red light and green light, while the blue light wafer directly outputs blue light, forming a complete RGB spectral combination. The quantum dot phosphor encapsulation film is responsible for converting the light emitted by the purple light wafer into efficient red light and green light, thereby achieving high-color-gamut output. By using the combination of the purple light wafer and the blue light wafer and the spectral conversion ability of the quantum dot phosphor, a wide-spectrum and high-color-gamut light output is achieved. At the same time, through the cooperation of the frame, the light guide plate and the reflective film, the light utilization efficiency and uniformity are improved.

[0006] A new high-color-gamut backlight LED lamp control system based on the above LED lamp, including a light source module, a spectral monitoring module, a controller module, a driving module, and a temperature compensation module; the light source module is the core component, composed of a purple light LED chip and a blue light LED chip. The emission wavelength of the purple light LED chip excites the quantum dot phosphor layer to form wide-spectrum red and green light. The blue light LED chip directly outputs blue light, and the combination of the two achieves wide-color-gamut spectral coverage. This light source design takes into account both luminous efficiency and color expressiveness, avoiding the problem of low emission efficiency of traditional red and green phosphors.

[0007] The spectral monitoring module is used to collect the output spectrum of the LED lamp in real time and transmit the spectral signal to the controller module; a high-resolution spectral sensor is selected for this module, which has a wavelength resolution of 1 nm and a fast response ability, with the number of samples per second higher than 1000 times. The spectral monitoring range is from 380 nm to 780 nm, covering the entire visible spectral region. The data collected by the monitoring module is input into the controller module through a high-speed data transmission interface, providing a basis for subsequent spectral regulation. High-frequency sampling enables the system to accurately capture the dynamic changes of the spectrum, avoiding adjustment errors caused by response delays.

[0008] The controller module calculates the spectral deviation and generates a driving signal based on the preset target spectrum and the real-time collected spectral signal; based on the preset target spectrum, the spectral deviation and the driving signal are calculated through a dynamic optimization algorithm. The target spectrum can be set according to application requirements, meeting the color gamut requirements of the Rec.2020 or DCI-P3 standard. The working principle includes the following steps: Receive real-time spectral data and compare it with the target spectrum.

[0009] Through the spectral deviation calculation formula, obtain the deviation distribution.

[0010] Generate drive signals using an optimization algorithm to adjust the luminous intensities of the violet and blue LEDs.

[0011] This module also incorporates temperature compensation and aging compensation mechanisms to ensure long-term stability of the spectral output and adapt to changing environmental conditions. The drive module adjusts the operating states of the violet and blue LED chips in the light source module according to the drive signals to achieve dynamic regulation of the output spectrum; the drive module uses PWM modulation technology to adjust the luminous state of the LED chips. The frequency of the PWM signal is not less than 1 kHz, which can ensure the smoothness of the light source brightness change and the fast response ability. The drive signals generated by the controller module dynamically adjust the duty cycle of the PWM to change the current intensities of the violet and blue LED chips, thereby adjusting the emission spectrum. The drive module is simple but efficient in design and can be seamlessly connected to the controller module, reducing signal delay.

[0012] The temperature compensation module corrects the spectral deviation based on the temperature drift model to ensure the stability and accuracy of the spectral output; the temperature compensation module is used to monitor the operating temperature of the light source module in real time and correct the spectral drift caused by temperature changes. The compensation model consists of the temperature drift coefficient and the real-time temperature change. Its principle is to calculate the compensation value according to the temperature rise characteristics of the LED chips and superimpose it on the spectral deviation of the controller module. In this way, the temperature compensation module eliminates the interference of environmental temperature changes on the spectral output, which is especially suitable for display devices operating for a long time.

[0013] The controller module adjusts the drive signals through a dynamic optimization algorithm to make the output spectrum cover the target color gamut. The controller module receives the spectral data feedback by the spectral monitoring module in real time and compares it with the preset target spectrum to calculate the current spectral deviation. Based on the spectral deviation data, the controller module comprehensively considers the environmental temperature, the aging degree of the LED chips, and the requirements of dynamic spectral regulation, and generates adjusted drive signals through a dynamic optimization algorithm to drive the violet and blue wafers to work respectively to achieve dynamic coverage of the target spectrum. The dynamic optimization algorithm adopts a global control strategy with the goal of minimizing the spectral deviation, power consumption, and temperature fluctuations, and adjusts the drive currents and PWM duty cycles of the violet and blue to achieve real-time stability of high-color gamut output in different application scenarios.

[0014] Preferably, the controller module realizes spectral control by optimizing the objective function, which is composed of a spectral deviation term and a driving energy consumption penalty term. The optimization of the objective function generates an optimal driving signal that meets the target spectrum by minimizing the spectral deviation and driving energy consumption. The controller module first compares the real-time spectral data with the target spectrum to calculate the spectral deviation term, which is used to evaluate the gap between the current output spectrum and the target spectrum. At the same time, the controller module monitors the power consumption level of the driving module in real time and calculates the energy consumption penalty term according to the magnitude and usage frequency of the current driving signal, reflecting the energy usage efficiency of the driving system. The optimization process of the objective function balances the spectral accuracy and energy consumption efficiency through weight parameters, and comprehensively minimizes the spectral deviation and driving energy consumption. The core of the optimization formula is to dynamically correct the output power of the ultraviolet wafer and the blue wafer by iteratively adjusting the current amplitude and PWM duty cycle of the driving signal, so as to achieve precise spectral control.

[0015] Preferably, the controller module uses a gradient optimization algorithm to generate the driving signal. The update of the driving signal is based on the calculation result of the gradient of the objective function. The optimization process adjusts the driving signal in real time through iterative calculation, and finally realizes the dynamic stability of the output spectrum. The controller module first defines the objective function, which integrates the key parameters of spectral deviation and driving energy consumption, and is used to measure the difference between the current spectral output and the target spectrum and the energy efficiency level of the system. In each iteration, the controller module determines the adjustment direction and amplitude by calculating the gradient of the objective function with respect to the driving signal, and updates the driving signal according to the set learning rate. The gradient calculation process combines the real-time data provided by the spectral monitoring module and the current working state of the driving module to ensure that the optimization direction is accurate and the adjustment amplitude is appropriate. Through multiple iterative optimizations, the controller module gradually approaches the target spectrum, continuously reduces the spectral deviation, and at the same time suppresses the unnecessary increase in energy consumption.

[0016] Preferably, the spectral monitoring module includes a high-resolution spectral sensor. The wavelength sampling range of the spectral sensor is 380 to 780 nanometers, the wavelength resolution is not less than 1 nanometer, and the response speed is not lower than 1000 samples per second. This high sampling rate enables the system to quickly respond to spectral changes. Whether it is due to driving signal adjustment, environmental temperature fluctuations, or spectral deviation caused by light source aging, it can be detected in time and fed back to the controller module. The spectral monitoring module also communicates directly with the controller module through an optimized signal processing circuit to ensure accurate transmission of the collected data and real-time participation in spectral deviation calculation and dynamic optimization adjustment.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature compensation module corrects the spectral deviation through real-time temperature monitoring and a temperature drift model. The temperature drift correction value is calculated from the temperature drift coefficient and the real-time temperature change, and is added to the spectral deviation calculation to ensure the control accuracy. The temperature compensation module is internally equipped with multiple high-precision temperature sensors, which are distributed at key parts of the light source module and are used to monitor the changes in the chip temperature and the ambient temperature in real time. Based on the temperature monitoring data, the module calls a preset temperature drift model to calculate the impact of the temperature change on the spectral output and obtains the spectral drift correction value. The calculation of the temperature drift correction value is based on the difference between the real-time temperature and the reference temperature multiplied by the temperature drift coefficient. The drift model has been calibrated through experiments to ensure accurate compensation for the temperature effects of different wavelengths. The correction value is dynamically superimposed on the real-time spectral deviation, enabling the controller module to maintain the stability of the spectral output under temperature rise or fall conditions and avoiding color gamut shift or light efficiency degradation caused by temperature changes.

[0018] Preferably, the controller module further includes an aging compensation mechanism that calculates the spectral attenuation based on the cumulative working time and an aging drift model, and superimposes the aging compensation value on the spectral deviation calculation to maintain the stability of the long-term spectral output. The aging compensation mechanism relies on the real-time operation data of the light source module. The timing unit in the system records the cumulative working time of the LED chip and uses it as the basic parameter for the aging drift calculation. Combining with the aging drift model calibrated through experiments, the controller module can dynamically calculate the spectral attenuation at different wavelengths. This model accurately describes the non-linear attenuation trend of the spectrum over time according to the performance degradation laws of the LED chip and the quantum dot phosphor during long-term operation. The spectral attenuation, as the core part of the aging compensation value, is superimposed on the spectral deviation calculation in real time, and the drive signal adjusts the output power of the violet and blue LED chips accordingly to compensate for the spectral deviation caused by aging.

[0019] Preferably, the light source module includes a violet LED chip and a blue LED chip. The violet LED chip is used to excite the quantum dot phosphor to generate broadband red and green light, and the blue LED chip directly outputs blue light. The violet LED chip and the blue LED chip adopt a partitioned arrangement structure to improve the spectral uniformity and the mixing light efficiency. In the design of the light source module, the violet LED chip is usually arranged in the peripheral area to ensure uniform excitation of the quantum dot phosphor, while the blue LED chip is concentrated in the central area to directly output blue light and supplement the spectral intensity of the blue channel. The partitioned arrangement structure design not only avoids the possible hot spot problem during the mixing process of violet and blue light, but also reduces the light interference effect, making the spatial distribution of the output spectrum more uniform.

[0020] Preferably, the driving module controls the current intensity of the ultraviolet and blue LED chips by using the PWM modulation method. The frequency of the PWM signal is not less than 1 kHz, and the duty cycle is dynamically adjusted according to the driving signal generated by the controller module to achieve real-time optimization of the output spectrum. The driving module dynamically adjusts the PWM duty cycle according to the driving signal generated by the controller module, thereby changing the current intensity and luminous brightness of the ultraviolet and blue LED chips. The adjustment process of the duty cycle combines factors such as spectral deviation, temperature compensation, and aging compensation. The driving module makes the output ratio of ultraviolet and blue light precisely match the requirements of the target spectrum by responding to the optimization instructions of the controller module in real time.

[0021] Preferably, the controller module describes the dynamic characteristics of the spectrum based on the distributed parameter system model. The change of the spectrum with time and wavelength is calculated by the dynamic optimization algorithm. The dynamic optimization algorithm combines spectral deviation, temperature drift, and aging compensation to generate a driving signal, so that the output spectrum meets the dynamic distribution requirements of the target spectrum. The distributed parameter system model takes the wavelength as the spatial variable and time as the dynamic variable, and comprehensively describes the dynamic change process of the spectrum. The controller module compares the spectrum data collected in real time with the target spectrum, takes the spectral deviation as the input of the dynamic optimization algorithm, and comprehensively considers the influence of temperature drift and aging compensation to accurately model the dynamic characteristics of the spectrum. The dynamic optimization algorithm calculates the compensation signal of the spectrum at each wavelength through multi-objective iterative optimization, and generates an accurate driving signal to adjust the output ratio of the ultraviolet and blue LED chips.

[0022] The present invention provides a novel high-color gamut backlight LED lamp, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts a combined design of ultraviolet and blue LED chips and combines the optimized application of quantum dot phosphors to achieve a spectral output with high-color gamut coverage. Compared with the prior art solution of a single blue light-excited phosphor, the problems of limited color gamut and uneven spectrum are solved, and the color expressiveness and uniformity of the light source are significantly improved.

[0023] 2. By introducing a temperature compensation and aging compensation mechanism, the present invention can adjust the spectral output in real time and maintain long-term stability. Compared with the problem of obvious spectral drift of the traditional light source solution in the case of environmental temperature change or long-term operation, the present invention effectively solves the deficiencies of unstable spectral output and attenuation, and extends the service life of the light source.

[0024] 3. The present invention reduces the system energy consumption while dynamically adjusting the spectral output through the environment adaptive module and the global optimization control strategy. Compared with the high power consumption problem caused by the lack of environmental adaptation ability in the prior art, the present invention realizes an optimized balance between spectral performance and power consumption, providing flexibility for different application scenarios.

[0025] 4. By adopting a multi-level fault detection and data recording function, the present invention can monitor the system status in real time and perform intelligent adjustment. Compared with the system instability caused by hardware failures or parameter drifts in the prior art, the present invention solves the problems of monitoring lag and inconvenient operation, and further improves the reliability and operation convenience of the system through remote monitoring and machine learning optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the LED lamp of the present invention; Figure 2 An exploded three-dimensional view of the LED lamp of the present invention; Figure 3 A control system architecture diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the operation flow of the control system of the present invention.

[0027] Among them, 1. Frame; 2. Light guide plate; 3. Reflective film; 4. LED chip; 5. Violet wafer; 6. Blue wafer; 7. Quantum dot phosphor encapsulation film. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1: Please refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 2, embodiments of the present invention provide a new type of high-color gamut backlight LED lamp, including a frame 1. The frame 1 is the support structure of the entire LED, used to fix and protect internal components, and at the same time provide a stable installation foundation. Inside the frame 1, a light guide plate 2 is installed. The light guide plate 2 is used to evenly disperse the light emitted by the LED chip 4, so as to form a smooth and uniform light output, improving the display effect. A reflective film 3 is installed at the bottom of the frame 1. The main function is to reflect the downward light back to the light guide plate 4, improve the light utilization efficiency, and reduce light loss. The LED chip 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the light guide plate 2. The LED chip 4 serves as a light source, providing the basic light-emitting ability and forming the spectral basis. On both sides above the LED chip 4, a violet wafer 5 and a blue wafer 6 are respectively installed, and both the violet wafer 5 and the blue wafer 6 are arranged inside the frame 1. The violet wafer 5 and the blue wafer 6 are used to generate violet light and blue light respectively. Among them, the violet wafer 5 is mainly used to excite quantum dot phosphors to generate red light and green light, while the blue wafer 6 directly outputs blue light, forming a complete RGB spectral combination. A quantum dot phosphor encapsulation film 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1. The quantum dot phosphor encapsulation film 7 is responsible for converting the light emitted by the violet wafer 5 into efficient red light and green light, thereby achieving high-color gamut output. By using the combination of the violet wafer 5 and the blue wafer 6 and the spectral conversion ability of the quantum dot phosphor, a wide-spectrum and high-color gamut light output is achieved. At the same time, through the cooperation of the frame 1, the light guide plate 2 and the reflective film 3, the light utilization efficiency and uniformity are improved.

[0030] Embodiment Two: Please refer to the appendix Figure 3 - Appendix Figure 4 , embodiments of the present invention provide a control system for a new type of high-color gamut backlight LED lamp, including: Light source module: The light source module is a key component of the control system of the high-color gamut backlight LED lamp of the present invention, directly determining the spectral output performance and color gamut coverage of the entire system. In the light source module of the present invention, the spectral characteristics of violet LED chips and blue LED chips are combined, and quantum dot phosphors are introduced to achieve wide-spectrum coverage. The output spectrum of the light source module provides the necessary basic data for subsequent spectral monitoring, dynamic control, and temperature and aging compensation.

[0031] In this embodiment, the design of the light source module includes the following specific contents: 1. The core structure of the light source module: The light source module is composed of a violet LED chip, a blue LED chip, and a quantum dot phosphor layer. The wavelength range of the violet LED chip is λ uv ∈[360nm, 420nm], used to excite quantum dot phosphors to emit broadband red light and green light. The wavelength range of the blue LED chip is λ blue∈[440nm, 470nm], for direct output of blue light. This design can effectively cover the three primary color regions of red, green, and blue, achieving a higher color gamut coverage.

[0032] As an option, the ultraviolet LED chip and the blue LED chip can be installed on the light source module substrate in a side-by-side arrangement or a partitioned arrangement. Specifically, the ultraviolet LED chips are usually arranged in the peripheral area of the substrate to enhance the excitation uniformity of the phosphor layer, while the blue LED chips are arranged in the central area to directly enhance the output intensity of the blue light. In some embodiments, a uniform mixed arrangement design can also be adopted to optimize the overall light emission distribution of the light source.

[0033] 2. Description and formula of spectral distribution: In the present invention, the output spectrum S(λ) of the light source module is the linear superposition of the spectrum S uv (λ) generated after the ultraviolet light excites the phosphor and the direct emission spectrum S blue (λ) of the blue LED, and the specific expression is as follows: S(λ) = S uv (λ) + S blue (λ) Where: S(λ): The total spectral output of the light source module at wavelength λ, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm; S uv (λ): The spectral output after the ultraviolet LED excites the quantum dot phosphor, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm; S blue (λ): The direct spectral output of the blue LED chip, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm.

[0034] 3. Model of ultraviolet light excitation of phosphor: The process of ultraviolet light exciting the quantum dot phosphor can be expressed by the following formula: Where: η uv : The excitation efficiency of the ultraviolet LED chip; S input (λ ′ ): The input spectral intensity of the ultraviolet LED chip at wavelength λ ′ , with the unit of W / m 2 / nm; f qdot (λ ′ , λ): The spectral conversion function of the quantum dot phosphor, indicating the wavelength λ ′The efficiency of converting the violet light into red or green light with wavelength λ under the action of the phosphor layer, unitless; λ uv-min , λ uv-max : The wavelength range of the violet LED chip, unit: nm.

[0035] Specifically, the quantum dot phosphor layer includes two kinds of quantum dot materials with different particle sizes, and the peak conversion efficiencies of red and green light are located at 620 nm to 660 nm (red light) and 520 nm to 540 nm (green light) respectively. By adjusting the concentration of the quantum dots, the ratio distribution of red and green light can be optimized, making the output spectrum of the light source closer to the target color gamut standard.

[0036] 4. Output characteristics of the blue LED chip: The direct emission characteristic of the blue LED chip is expressed by the following formula: S blue (λ) = η blue ·S input-blue (λ) Where: η blue : The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the blue LED chip; S input-blue (λ): The input spectral intensity of the blue LED chip, unit: W / m 2 / nm.

[0037] Generally, the blue LED chip adjusts its input current I blue through the driving module,

[0038] thus dynamically controlling the blue light output intensity. As an improved method, multiple layers of light mixing films can be added to the light source module to further optimize the spectral uniformity. Specifically, a nano-scale diffusion film or a micro-structured optical element can be added to the light output path of the light source module. This design can reduce the superposition deviation of light with different wavelengths and improve the smoothness of the overall spectrum.

[0039] In another possible implementation, an active cooling component, such as a micro fan or a thermoelectric cooler, can be added to the heat dissipation structure of the light source module. This design can significantly reduce the working temperature of the LED chip, further improve the luminous efficiency of the violet and blue lights, and extend the service life of the light source module at the same time.

[0040] 6. Parameter design and specific implementation: In the present invention, the power range of the violet LED chip is designed to be from 0.5 W to 3 W, and the power range of the blue LED chip is designed to be from 1 W to 5 W. The thickness of the quantum dot phosphor layer is generally between 50 μm and 200 μm, and the specific thickness is adjusted according to the excitation efficiency of the violet LED chip and system requirements.

[0041] As an option, the ratio R of the input currents of the violet LED chip and the blue LED chip can be adjusted uv / blue = I uv / I blue , dynamically changing the red, green, and blue ratios of the spectral output, so as to meet the requirements of different display application scenarios.

[0042] Spectrum monitoring module: The spectrum monitoring module plays a key role in the high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system of the present invention. Its core function is to collect the spectral data output by the light source module in real time and provide accurate spectral information for the controller module. By collecting and analyzing the spectrum with high precision, the monitoring module provides the basic data support for the operation of the dynamic control algorithm. The design of this module needs to meet the requirements of high resolution, wide wavelength coverage, and high-speed response to ensure precise control in complex dynamic scenarios.

[0043] In this embodiment, the design of the spectrum monitoring module includes the following specific contents: 1. Design and parameter definition of the spectrum sensor: Generally, a high-precision spectrum sensor is adopted for the spectrum monitoring module. Its wavelength range is set from 380 nm to 780 nm, covering the entire visible light region, and it can completely reflect the color information perceived by the human eye. The wavelength resolution of the sensor is 1 nm, which is used to capture the subtle changes in the spectrum and ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0044] As an option, the response speed of the sensor is designed to sample no less than 1000 times per second. Specifically, this high sampling rate can meet the spectral change requirements in dynamic scenarios. For example, when displaying dynamic videos or high dynamic range images, the spectrum needs to be quickly adjusted to adapt to the changes in the picture content.

[0045] The core optical structure of the spectrum sensor includes a grating spectroscopic element and a linear CCD detector. The grating spectroscopic element decomposes the input light into monochromatic lights of different wavelengths, and the linear CCD detector converts the spectroscopically separated monochromatic lights into electrical signals. Finally, the sensor outputs the distribution curve S measured (λ) of the spectral intensity varying with the wavelength, where: S measured (λ): The original spectral data measured by the sensor, with the unit of V; λ: Wavelength, with the unit of nm.

[0046] 2. Spectral Data Calibration and Formula Description: The raw data measured by the sensor needs to be calibrated to eliminate systematic errors. The calibration formula is as follows: Where: S corrected (λ): Calibrated spectral data, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm; S measured (λ): Raw spectral data, with the unit of V; η sensor (λ): The spectral response function of the sensor, dimensionless, representing the response efficiency at different wavelengths.

[0047] As an implementation, the response function η sensor (λ) of the sensor can be obtained through experimental calibration. The specific method is as follows: Use a standard light source (halogen lamp or laser) as the input light source, and record the ratio of the measured output value of the sensor to the known standard value. After calibration, the system can automatically correct the spectral data collected in real time during operation.

[0048] 3. Data Transmission and Communication Design of the Spectral Monitoring Module: Generally, the calibrated spectral data is transmitted to the controller module through a high-speed communication interface. The communication interface can adopt I2C, SPI or USB protocols. Among them, the USB communication rate is relatively high and is suitable for dynamic adjustment scenarios. In some embodiments, to avoid data loss, a data buffer can be added between the sensor and the controller module to temporarily store continuously collected data.

[0049] Specifically, the amount of data collected by the sensor per second is: D = R sampling ·N wavelengths Where: D: Amount of data per second, with the unit of byte; R sampling : Sampling rate of the sensor, with the unit of Hz; N wavelengths : Number of sampling wavelength points, dimensionless, usually (λ max -λ min ) / Δλ + 1, where Δλ is the wavelength step.

[0050] As an option, a simplified data transmission protocol can be used to transmit only the intensity information of key wavelength points. The system can extract the peak wavelength λ peak of the spectrum and its corresponding intensity S peak for quickly calculating the spectral deviation.

[0051] 4. Multi-channel Design and Formula Expansion of Spectral Monitoring In a possible implementation, the spectral monitoring module can be designed in a multi-channel acquisition mode. Each channel corresponds to a different wavelength range, and respectively monitors the distributions of ultraviolet light, blue light, red light, and green light. The data collected by multi-channel acquisition can be expressed as: Where: S channel,i : The total spectral intensity of the i-th channel, with the unit of W / m 2 ; R i (λ): The spectral response function of channel i, dimensionless, representing the wavelength sensitivity of this channel; λ min,i ,λ max,i : The wavelength range of channel i, with the unit of nm.

[0052] Through the multi-channel design, the spectral intensities of ultraviolet LEDs, blue LEDs, and phosphor luminescence can be respectively collected, providing more detailed spectral distribution data for the controller module.

[0053] 5. Extended Design of the Spectral Monitoring Module: In some embodiments, an optical fiber input coupling device can be added to the spectral monitoring module to optimize the optical path design. The optical fiber input can effectively transmit the light emitted by the light source module to the sensor, while reducing ambient light interference and improving the accuracy of data acquisition.

[0054] As an improvement, a temperature sensor can also be integrated into the spectral monitoring module to record the temperature rise of the light source module in real time. Combining the spectral data, the temperature information can further optimize the temperature compensation algorithm in the controller module.

[0055] Controller Module: The controller module is the core part of the present invention, responsible for receiving the real-time spectral data collected by the spectral monitoring module, comparing it with the target spectrum, calculating the spectral deviation, and generating a driving signal according to the dynamic optimization algorithm to adjust the output spectrum of the light source module. This module needs to meet the requirements of real-time performance, high precision, and long-term stability. The design of the controller module also incorporates temperature compensation and aging compensation mechanisms to ensure the dynamic stability and accuracy of the spectral output.

[0056] In this embodiment, the design of the controller module includes the following specific contents: 1. Spectral Deviation Calculation: Generally, the controller module receives the real-time spectral data S from the spectral monitoring module real(λ). After the spectral data is corrected, it is compared with the preset target spectrum S target (λ) to obtain the spectral deviation ΔS(λ). The calculation formula for the spectral deviation is: ΔS(λ) = S target (λ) - S real (λ) Where: ΔS(λ): Real-time spectral deviation, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm; S real (λ): Corrected real-time spectrum, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm; S target (λ): Target spectrum, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm; λ: Wavelength, with the unit of nm.

[0057] As an extended method, the target spectrum S target (λ) can be dynamically set according to different application scenarios. For example, for different working modes (standard mode, HDR mode) of a display, different target spectral distributions can be switched to.

[0058] 2. Optimize the objective function: To minimize the spectral deviation, the controller module constructs an optimization objective function J. This objective function not only considers the squared error of the spectral deviation but also adds an energy consumption limit term to balance the accuracy of spectral control and the economy of power consumption. The objective function is defined as follows: Where: J: Optimization objective function value, dimensionless; w(λ): Weight function, dimensionless, used to reflect the relative importance of different wavelength regions; α: Energy consumption penalty coefficient, dimensionless, controlling the influence of power consumption on the objective function; u: Drive signal vector, with the unit of A; ∥u∥ 2 : Square of the two-norm of the drive signal, representing the power consumption of the drive signal.

[0059] Specifically, the weight function w(λ) can be set according to the color gamut standard. The human eye is more sensitive to the green wavelength range (520 nm to 570 nm), and the weight can be appropriately increased, while the weights for the infrared and ultraviolet bands can be reduced.

[0060] 3. Dynamic optimization algorithm: Specifically, the controller module uses the gradient descent method to optimize the driving signal u. In the gradient descent method, by calculating the partial derivative of the objective function J with respect to u, the driving signal is updated along the gradient direction to gradually reduce the value of the objective function. The update formula for the driving signal is as follows: Where: u k+1 : The driving signal vector after the (k + 1)-th iteration; u k : The driving signal vector at the k-th iteration; η: The learning rate, dimensionless, used to control the update step size; The gradient of the objective function with respect to the driving signal.

[0061] The calculation expression for the gradient is: Where: B(λ): The driving coefficient matrix, with the unit of W / m 2 / A, describing the adjustment effect of the driving signal on the spectral output.

[0062] As an implementation method, the learning rate η can adopt a dynamic adjustment strategy. A larger η is set at the initial stage of optimization to accelerate convergence, and η is reduced when approaching convergence to improve accuracy.

[0063] 4. Temperature compensation mechanism: To eliminate the influence of temperature changes on the spectral output, the controller module incorporates a temperature compensation mechanism. The temperature compensation is based on real-time temperature monitoring data T(t) and the temperature drift model, calculates the spectral deviation caused by temperature, and corrects it in the spectral calculation. The temperature compensation formula is: ΔS temp (λ)=k T (λ)·(T(t)-T0) Where: ΔS temp (λ): The temperature compensation value, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm; k T (λ): The temperature drift coefficient, with the unit of W / m 2 / nm / ℃; T(t): The real-time temperature value, with the unit of ℃; T0: The reference temperature value, with the unit of ℃.

[0064] 1. Aging compensation mechanism: 2. To address the performance degradation of the light source module during long-term operation, the controller module introduces an aging compensation mechanism. The aging compensation is achieved by accumulating the working time truntime and the aging drift model to dynamically calculate the spectral attenuation value. The formula is: ΔS aging (λ) = k aging (λ)·t runtime Where: ΔS aging (λ): Aging compensation value, unit is W / m 2 / nm; k aging (λ): Aging drift coefficient, unit is W / m 2 / nm / s; t runtime : Cumulative operating time, unit is s.

[0065] 6. Extended design of the controller module: In a possible implementation, the controller module can output two types of signals simultaneously: DC signals for adjusting the currents of the violet and blue LED chips.

[0066] Pulse signals for dynamically adjusting the duty cycle of the PWM signal.

[0067] This dual-signal output mode can achieve synchronous optimization of the spectral intensity and dimming frequency.

[0068] Driver module: The driver module is the execution unit in the high-color-gamut backlight LED lamp control system of the present invention. Its function is to dynamically adjust the light-emitting states of the violet and blue LED chips according to the driving signals generated by the controller module, so as to achieve the output of the target spectrum. The driver module needs to meet the requirements of real-time performance, accuracy, and stability, and also take into account the multi-channel control and safety protection functions. Its design should not only adapt to the light source module but also cooperate efficiently with the controller module.

[0069] In this embodiment, the design of the driver module includes the following specific contents: 1. PWM modulation method and signal generation: Generally, the driver module uses the PWM (pulse width modulation) method to control the current output of the LED chip to adjust the spectral intensity of the light source module. The PWM modulation adjusts the luminous brightness of the LED chip by changing the duty cycle D(t) of the signal. The instantaneous current of the signal is expressed as: I pwm (t) = I peak ·D(t) Where: I pwm (t): Instantaneous current of the PWM signal, unit is A; Ipeak : PWM peak current, unit: A; D(t): PWM duty cycle, unitless, range: 0 ≤ D(t) ≤ 1.

[0070] The frequency f of the PWM signal pwm Generally set above 1 kHz to avoid the influence of low-frequency flicker on the display effect. As an option, the PWM frequency can be increased to 10 kHz to further improve the smoothness of spectral adjustment.

[0071] 2. Dual DC and PWM outputs: Specifically, the total current output by the drive module consists of the DC signal I dc and the PWM signal I pwm (t): I total (t) = I dc + I pwm (t) Where: I total (t): Total output current, unit: A; I dc : DC base current, unit: A.

[0072] The DC signal I dc is used to maintain the basic light-emitting state of the LED chip, while the PWM signal I pwm (t) is used to dynamically adjust the spectral intensity to meet the real-time requirements of spectral optimization.

[0073] 3. Multi-channel independent control of the drive module: In a possible implementation, the drive module adopts a multi-channel independent control design to independently drive the ultraviolet and blue LED chips respectively. The parameters of each drive signal are set separately according to the chip characteristics to ensure that the luminous intensities of light sources with different wavelengths can be accurately regulated.

[0074] The output current of the multi-channel drive can be expressed as: I chip,i (t) = I base,i + I pwm,i (t) Where: I chip,i (t): Drive current of the i-th LED chip, unit: A; I base,i : DC base current of the i-th LED chip, unit: A; I pwm,i (t): PWM adjustment signal of the i-th LED chip, unit: A.

[0075] Generally speaking, the driving current range of purple LED chips is designed to be 20mA to 350mA, while the driving current range of blue LED chips is designed to be 10mA to 700mA to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0076] 4. Dynamic response and feedback control: In order to meet the requirements of real-time control, the drive module is designed with a high dynamic response current feedback loop to monitor the actual output current and make rapid adjustments. The core of the feedback loop is to compare the set current value I set and output current I out (t) and the error signal I error (t) Adjust the driving signal: I error (t) = I set -I out (t) in: I error (t): current error signal, unit is A; I set : Set the current value, the unit is A; I out (t): actual output current, in A.

[0077] The error signal is processed by a PI (proportional-integral) controller to generate a corrected drive signal to ensure that the output current is consistent with the target value.

[0078] As an option, the proportional gain K p and the integration time constant T i ), optimizing the response speed and stability of the feedback loop.

[0079] 5. Safety protection design: In order to improve the reliability of the driver module, a variety of protection mechanisms are designed, including over-current protection, over-temperature protection and short-circuit protection. When the output current or module temperature exceeds the safety threshold, the protection circuit will actively reduce the output power or cut off the power supply to avoid damage to the LED chip.

[0080] The triggering conditions of overcurrent protection are: I out (t)>I limit in: I limit : The safe upper limit of output current, in A.

[0081] The triggering conditions of overheat protection are: T module >Tlimit Wherein: T module : The real-time temperature of the driving module, unit: °C; T limit : The upper limit of temperature safety, unit: °C.

[0082] Temperature compensation module: The temperature compensation module is an important part of the high-color gamut backlight LED lamp control system of the present invention. Its function is to monitor the temperatures of the light source module and the driving module in real time, and dynamically compensate for the spectral deviation caused by temperature drift. Temperature changes will directly affect the luminous efficiency of the LED chip and the emission characteristics of the quantum dot phosphor. The temperature compensation module works in cooperation with the controller module to optimize the output of the driving signal through the compensation signal.

[0083] In this embodiment, the design of the temperature compensation module includes the following specific contents: 1. Temperature monitoring mechanism: Generally, the temperature compensation module monitors the operating temperatures of the light source module and the driving module in real time through temperature sensors. The sampling point layout of the sensors needs to cover the key heat source areas of the violet LED, blue LED chips, and the driving module. The accuracy of each sensor should reach ±0.1 °C to ensure sensitivity to subtle temperature changes.

[0084] When digital sensors are used for temperature monitoring, the collected data is transmitted to the controller module through the I2C or SPI interface. If analog sensors are used, an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) is needed to convert the temperature signal into a digital signal. The acquisition formula for the real-time temperature T i (t) is: T i (t) = V i (t) · K sensor Wherein: T i (t): The real-time temperature value of the i-th sensor, unit: °C; V i (t): The output voltage signal of the sensor, unit: V; K sensor : The conversion coefficient of the temperature sensor, unit: °C / V.

[0085] To improve the robustness of the monitoring, generally, the weighted average of multi-point temperature data is used as the overall temperature reference. The formula is as follows: Wherein: T avg (t): The weighted average temperature value, unit: °C; w i : The weight of the i-th sensor, unitless; N: The number of sensors, unitless.

[0086] 2. Temperature drift model: Specifically, the temperature compensation module calculates the influence of temperature change on the spectrum based on the temperature drift model and generates a temperature compensation signal. The expression of the drift model is as follows: ΔS temp (λ) = k T (λ)·(T(t) - T0) Where: ΔS temp (λ): The spectrum deviation caused by temperature, unit is W / m 2 / nm; k T (λ): Temperature drift coefficient, unit is W / m 2 / nm / ℃, indicating the sensitivity of temperature change to the spectrum; T(t): The real-time monitored temperature, unit is ℃; T0: Reference temperature, unit is ℃.

[0087] The temperature drift coefficient k T (λ) is obtained through experimental calibration, usually determined separately for the violet and blue light bands to reflect the different response characteristics of the LED chip and the quantum dot phosphor.

[0088] 3. Generation and application of the compensation signal: The temperature compensation signal ΔS temp (λ) can be directly superimposed on the spectrum deviation signal of the controller module to correct the calculation of the drive signal. The correction formula is as follows: ΔS corrected (λ) = ΔS(λ) + ΔS temp (λ) Where: ΔS corrected (λ): The corrected spectrum deviation signal, unit is W / m 2 / nm; ΔS(λ): The real-time spectrum deviation signal, unit is W / m 2 / nm.

[0089] According to the corrected spectrum deviation, the controller module adjusts the drive signal I comp (t): I comp (t) = I base + ΔI temp (t) Where: Icomp (t): The compensated drive current, unit: A; I base : The basic drive current, unit: A; ΔI temp (t): The temperature compensation drive current, unit: A.

[0090] 4. Hardware implementation and active temperature control: Specifically, the hardware structure of the temperature compensation module includes a temperature sensor array, a data processing unit, and a temperature control unit. The data processing unit filters and averages the collected temperature data to eliminate noise and transient fluctuations.

[0091] As an extended design, a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) can be integrated into the temperature compensation module for active temperature control. When the temperature rise exceeds the set threshold, the TEC reduces the operating temperature of the LED chip, fundamentally reducing the impact of temperature drift.

[0092] The cooling power Q of the TEC cool The calculation formula is: Where: Q cool : The cooling power, unit: W; α T : The Seebeck coefficient of the TEC, unit: V / ℃; I T : The drive current of the TEC, unit: A; T diff : The temperature difference across the TEC, unit: ℃; R T : The internal resistance of the TEC, unit: Ω.

[0093] The active temperature control mechanism not only effectively reduces temperature drift but also extends the service life of the LED chip.

[0094] 5. Protection function and data recording: The temperature compensation module also has an over-temperature protection function. When the real-time temperature T(t) exceeds the safety threshold T safe , the system will immediately reduce the drive current or stop working to avoid chip damage caused by overheating.

[0095] The protection trigger condition is: T(t)>T safe In addition, the temperature compensation module supports the data recording function, which is used to record the temperature change curve and the historical data of the compensation signal, facilitating system maintenance and optimization.

[0096] System integration: 1. Signal connection and real-time synchronization between modules: Generally, each module of the system is connected through a high-speed data bus to achieve real-time data transmission and status feedback. As the core node, the controller module interacts with the light source module, drive module, spectral monitoring module, and temperature compensation module to achieve data acquisition, calculation, and distribution of control signals.

[0097] As an implementation method, the system data transmission adopts the SPI communication protocol. The SPI protocol supports full-duplex high-speed data transmission, and its clock frequency f clk can reach several Mbps, ensuring the timeliness of data synchronization. The data synchronization period t sync is calculated by the formula: Where: t sync : Data synchronization period, unit is s; f clk : SPI communication clock frequency, unit is Hz.

[0098] Specifically, the spectral monitoring module transmits the real-time spectral data S measured (λ) and temperature data T(t) to the controller module. After the controller module calculates the compensation signal, it distributes the drive signal u(t) to the drive module.

[0099] 2. Global optimization control strategy: The overall optimization control strategy of the system is based on the global objective function, dynamically adjusts the system parameters, and realizes the balance of spectral accuracy, energy consumption, and temperature stability. The objective function J global is expressed as follows: Where: J global : Global objective function value, dimensionless; w(λ): Spectral weight function, dimensionless, used to highlight the spectral importance of specific wavelength regions; ΔS(λ): Real-time spectral deviation, unit is W / m 2 / nm; P total : Total system power consumption, unit is W; ΔT: Temperature fluctuation value, unit is °C; α, β: Power consumption and temperature stability weight coefficients, dimensionless.

[0100] Specifically, the controller module optimizes the drive signal u(t) in real time based on the objective function value, and realizes spectral compensation and energy consumption control by dynamically adjusting the currents of the violet and blue LED chips.

[0101] 3. State Monitoring and Feedback Control: In a possible implementation, the system integration designs a multi-layer state monitoring and closed-loop feedback mechanism for real-time evaluation and adjustment of the system state. The monitoring indicators include: Spectral deviation ΔS(λ); Temperature fluctuation ΔT; Real-time power consumption P real ; Aging compensation signal ΔI aging .

[0102] The feedback control adopts the PID control algorithm to adjust the drive signal based on the error signal. The PID control equation is: Where: u(t): Feedback control signal, unit is A; e(t): Error signal, dimensionless, defined as the difference between the target value and the current state; K p 、K i 、K d : PID control parameters, dimensionless, used to adjust the proportional, integral and derivative responses of the system.

[0103] Generally, the response time t response of the feedback control needs to be controlled within 1 ms to ensure the accuracy of real-time adjustment.

[0104] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A new type of high color gamut backlight LED lamp, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), wherein a light guide plate (2) is installed inside the frame (1), a reflective film (3) is installed at the bottom of the frame (1), an LED chip (4) is fixedly installed on the top of the light guide plate (2), a purple light chip (5) and a blue light chip (6) are respectively installed on both sides above the LED chip (4), and the purple light chip (5) and the blue light chip (6) are both arranged inside the frame (1), and a quantum dot phosphor packaging film (7) is fixedly installed on the top of the frame (1).

2. A novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system based on the LED lamp of claim 1, comprising a light source module, a spectrum monitoring module, a controller module, a driving module and a temperature compensation module, characterized in that: The spectrum monitoring module is used to collect the output spectrum of the LED lamp in real time and transmit the spectrum signal to the controller module; The controller module calculates the spectral deviation and generates a driving signal based on a preset target spectrum and a spectral signal collected in real time; The driving module adjusts the working state of the purple light and blue light LED chips in the light source module according to the driving signal to achieve dynamic regulation of the output spectrum; The temperature compensation module corrects the spectral deviation based on the temperature drift model to ensure the stability and accuracy of the spectral output; The controller module adjusts the driving signal through a dynamic optimization algorithm so that the output spectrum covers the target color gamut.

3. The novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The controller module realizes spectrum control by optimizing the objective function, wherein the objective function is composed of a spectrum deviation term and a driving energy consumption penalty term. The objective function optimization generates an optimal driving signal that meets the target spectrum by minimizing the spectrum deviation and the driving energy consumption.

4. The novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The controller module uses a gradient optimization algorithm to generate a driving signal. The driving signal is updated based on the gradient calculation result of the objective function. The optimization process adjusts the driving signal in real time through iterative calculation, and finally achieves dynamic stability of the output spectrum.

5. The novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spectrum monitoring module includes a high-resolution spectrum sensor, the wavelength sampling range of the spectrum sensor is 380 to 780 nanometers, the wavelength resolution is not less than 1 nanometer, and the response speed is not less than 1000 samples per second.

6. The novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature compensation module corrects the spectral deviation through real-time temperature monitoring and temperature drift model. The temperature drift correction value is calculated by temperature drift coefficient and real-time temperature change, and added to the spectral deviation calculation to ensure control accuracy.

7. The novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The controller module further includes an aging compensation mechanism, which calculates the spectral attenuation based on the accumulated working time and the aging drift model, and superimposes the aging compensation value in the spectral deviation calculation to maintain the stability of the long-term spectral output.

8. The novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source module includes a purple LED chip and a blue LED chip. The purple LED chip is used to excite quantum dot phosphors to produce wide-spectrum red and green light. The blue LED chip directly outputs blue light. The purple LED chip and the blue LED chip adopt a partitioned arrangement structure to improve spectral uniformity and light mixing efficiency.

9. The novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving module uses PWM modulation to control the current intensity of the purple and blue LED chips. The frequency of the PWM signal is not less than 1 kHz, and the duty cycle is dynamically adjusted according to the driving signal generated by the controller module to achieve real-time optimization of the output spectrum.

10. The novel high color gamut backlight LED lamp control system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The controller module describes the dynamic characteristics of the spectrum based on a distributed parameter system model. The changes in the spectrum over time and wavelength are calculated by a dynamic optimization algorithm. The dynamic optimization algorithm combines spectrum deviation, temperature drift and aging compensation to generate a drive signal so that the output spectrum meets the dynamic distribution requirements of the target spectrum.

Images