Counter-flow type evaporative condenser

Abstract

The invention discloses a counter-flow type evaporative condenser, and belongs to the field of counter-flow type evaporative condensers, the counter-flow type evaporative condenser comprises a shell and a centralized controller located outside the shell, the interior of the shell is divided into a cooling space and a rotating space communicated with the cooling space, a fan, a water distribution device and a cooling coil are sequentially installed in the cooling space from top to bottom, air inlets are formed in the two side faces of the shell, a water tank is reserved in the lower portion of the shell, the water tank and the water distribution device are communicated outside the shell, a state monitoring sensor is installed on the lower middle portion of the cooling coil, and the lower end of the water distribution device is connected with a dynamic spraying adjusting mechanism. The state monitoring sensor comprises at least one movable spray head capable of moving in the axial direction of the cooling coil and an infrared distance measuring sensor used for measuring the axial position of the movable spray head, and the state monitoring sensor is electrically connected with the centralized controller; and the dynamic spraying adjusting mechanism is in signal connection with the centralized controller. The position of the spray head can be adjusted according to actual conditions, so that the phenomenon of insufficient cooling, namely discharging, in the cooling coil of the condenser is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of countercurrent evaporative condensers, and more specifically, to a countercurrent evaporative condenser. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient heat exchange device, the countercurrent evaporative condenser is widely used in fields such as air-conditioning refrigeration, chemical cooling, and metallurgical equipment. Compared with traditional water-cooled or air-cooled condensers, the countercurrent evaporative condenser not only has higher heat exchange efficiency but also can save about 30% of water, showing significant energy-saving and water-saving advantages.

[0003] However, traditional evaporative condensers usually adopt fixed spray water distribution devices, which results in uneven water film distribution on the surface of the cooling coil. When the spray density in a local area is insufficient, "dry spots" are formed on the surface of the coil, which can cause uneven refrigerant cooling and the situation where the discharged refrigerant is still in a gaseous state. This situation not only affects the condensation effect but also leads to the loss of condensate. Research shows that the dry spot phenomenon can cause the condensation temperature to fluctuate by up to ±5°C and increase the compressor energy consumption by 15% - 20%. Although some studies have tried to optimize the air flow uniformity through flow equalizing devices (such as the design of a plenum chamber), these methods lack the ability to adjust the dynamic distribution of the water film in real time.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of countercurrent evaporative condenser that can effectively solve the problem of uneven cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a countercurrent evaporative condenser that can dynamically adjust the position of the nozzles according to the actual situation inside the condenser, so that the discharged condensate in the cooling coil will not be in a gaseous state due to uneven cooling.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] A countercurrent evaporative condenser includes a housing and a central controller located outside the housing. The housing is divided into a cooling space and a rotating space communicating with the cooling space. Inside the cooling space, a fan, a water distribution device, and a cooling coil are installed in sequence from top to bottom. Air inlets are provided on both sides of the housing, and a water tank is reserved at the lower end. The water tank and the water distribution device are connected outside the housing. A state monitoring sensor is installed in the middle and lower part of the cooling coil. The lower end of the water distribution device is connected to a dynamic spray adjustment mechanism, which includes at least one moving nozzle that can move axially along the cooling coil and an infrared distance sensor for measuring the axial position of the moving nozzle. The infrared distance sensor and the state monitoring sensor are electrically connected to the central controller; the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism is signal-connected to the central controller.

[0008] Furthermore, the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism further includes a support frame fixed to the inner wall of the housing and a drive assembly for driving the movable spray head connected to the water distribution device to move axially along the cooling coil. The drive assembly is located in the rotation space and is electrically connected to the central controller; the support frame includes a support cross beam and a reinforcing column vertically and fixedly connected to the lower end of the support cross beam. A sliding empty groove for the movable spray head to slide is provided at the midline position on the side of the reinforcing column facing the cooling coil, and the infrared distance measuring sensor is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the sliding empty groove.

[0009] Furthermore, the movable spray head includes a spray head main body and a pair of limiting plates obliquely fixed to both sides of the spray head main body. Sliding grooves matching the limiting plates are provided on both sides of the reinforcing column, so that when the movable spray head moves in the sliding empty groove, the sliding spray head is always in an upward inclined state, effectively preventing the occurrence of dry spots on the lower end surface of the cooling coil.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a motor, a worm, and a worm gear. The motor is electrically connected to the central controller. One end of the worm is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space, and the other end is fixedly connected to the motor; both the support cross beam and the reinforcing column are hollow structures. A water pipe winding rod and a traction wire winding rod are rotatably connected inside the support cross beam. The two winding rods rotate at the same speed through synchronizing gears meshing at their ends; the water pipe winding rod extends into the rotation space and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space in the vertical direction. The worm gear is fixedly connected to the water pipe winding rod and is meshed with the worm gear; a water pipe is wound around the water pipe winding rod. One end of the water pipe is fixedly connected to the movable spray head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the water distribution device; one end of a traction wire is fixedly connected to the side of the movable spray head away from the cooling coil, and the other end of the traction wire is fixedly connected to the traction wire winding rod.

[0011] Furthermore, a moving space for the traction wire to move is provided inside the reinforcing column. The moving space is connected to the inside of the support cross beam. The end of the traction wire connected to the traction wire winding rod passes through the moving space and is fixed to the traction wire winding rod, so that the movable spray head can move away from the blower under the action of the traction wire, realizing dynamic temperature reduction.

[0012] Furthermore, a solenoid valve is provided at one end of the water pipe connecting the water distribution device. The solenoid valve is electrically connected to the central controller.

[0013] Furthermore, the water distribution device and the water tank are inside the housing and are externally connected through a pipeline and a water pump.

[0014] The present invention also provides a control system for the above countercurrent evaporation condenser. The state monitoring sensor detects the gas / liquid state of the coolant in the cooling coil. When the coolant is in a gaseous state, a signal is transmitted to the centralized controller, which controls the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism to start adjusting to enhance the cooling of the cooling coil. Subsequently, the state monitoring sensor continues to detect the gas / liquid state of the coolant in the cooling coil. If it is in a liquid state, it returns to its original position. If it is in a gaseous state, the above operation is repeated.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] The present invention can automatically adjust the position of the movable nozzle according to the detected coolant state, causing the movable nozzle to reciprocate, enhancing the cooling of the cooling coil, thereby effectively reducing the occurrence of the phenomenon that the coolant is discharged without becoming liquid and improving the cooling effect of the coolant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a front elevation sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 for the present invention Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of part A in;

[0021] Figure 5 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 is a system flow chart of the present invention.

[0023] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0024] 1 housing, 2 dynamic spray adjustment mechanism, 21 support frame, 211 support cross beam, 212 strengthening column, 213 sliding groove, 22 water pipe winding rod, 23 traction wire winding rod, 24 traction wire, 25 water pipe, 26 movable nozzle, 261 nozzle body, 262 limiting plate, 27 motor, 28 worm, 29 worm gear, 3 cooling coil, 4 air inlet, 5 water pump, 6 fan, 7 centralized controller, 8 water distribution device, 9 state monitoring sensor, 10 solenoid valve, 11 water tank, 12 infrared distance measuring sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Embodiment 1:

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1-6, A countercurrent evaporative condenser, comprising a housing 1. The interior of the housing 1 is divided into a rotating space and a cooling space. The rotating space is located on one side of the cooling space and is in communication with the cooling space. Inside the cooling space, a fan 6, a water distribution device 8 with a plurality of spray heads fixedly connected to the lower end, a cooling coil 3, and an air inlet 4 are installed in sequence from top to bottom. A water tank 11 is reserved at the lower part of the housing 1. A state monitoring sensor 9 is installed in the middle and lower part of the cooling coil 3 for detecting the liquid / gas state of the coolant in the cooling coil 3. A centralized controller 7 is provided near one side of the housing 1, and the state monitoring sensor 9 is electrically connected to the centralized controller 7.

[0027] The water distribution device 8 and the water tank 11 are connected and communicated in the housing 1 through a pipeline and a water pump 5.

[0028] Inside the housing 1, a dynamic spray adjustment mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall where the air inlet 4 is located. The dynamic spray adjustment mechanism 2 includes a pair of support frames 21 for supporting the water distribution device 8 to reduce the influence of gravity on the water distribution device 8 and ensure that its position is not easily changed. Each pair of support frames 21 includes a support cross beam 211 and a pair of reinforcing columns 212. The pair of reinforcing columns 212 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the support cross beam 211, which has the function of a reinforcing rib to further enhance the stability of the support cross beam 211 and prevent its position from shifting.

[0029] The support cross beam 211 is of a hollow structure, and a water pipe winding rod 22 and a traction wire winding rod 23 are rotatably connected inside it. Gears that mesh with each other are fixed at both ends of the water pipe winding rod 22 and the traction wire winding rod 23, enabling the water pipe winding rod 22 and the traction wire winding rod 23 to rotate synchronously; this synchronous rotation enables the water pipe and the traction wire to be evenly wound and released on the winding rods. Inside the reinforcing column 212, there is a partition board (as shown in the black bold position in Figure 3 ) that divides the internal space of the reinforcing column 212 into two interconnected parts, and the connection part is far from the support cross beam 211 to form a U-shaped moving space for placing the traction wire.

[0030] As shown in Figures 3-5As shown, on one side of the strengthening column 212 facing the cooling coil 3, a sliding empty groove is opened along the midline position. A moving nozzle 26 is slidably connected in the sliding empty groove, and the moving space communicates with the sliding empty groove. An infrared ranging sensor 12 is installed at the bottom end of the sliding empty groove, and the infrared ranging sensor 12 is signal-connected to the centralized controller 7. The moving nozzle 26 includes a nozzle main body 261 and a pair of limiting plates 262. The pair of limiting plates 262 are obliquely fixed on both sides of the nozzle main body 261, and sliding grooves 213 matching the limiting plates 262 are opened on both side surfaces of the strengthening column 212; when the moving nozzle 26 vertically slides in the sliding empty groove, under the action of the pair of limiting rods 262, the nozzle main body 261 is always in an upward-inclined state, so as to keep the spraying direction of the nozzle main body 261 obliquely upward, effectively preventing the appearance of dry spots on the lower end surface of the cooling coil 3, thereby ensuring the efficient and uniform cooling of the condenser. This design not only enables the moving nozzle 26 to adjust its position according to needs to optimize the cooling effect, but also can avoid the decline in cooling efficiency caused by uneven water film distribution, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the condenser.

[0031] Holes are opened on one side, the upper end of the support cross beam 211 facing the cooling coil 3 and the upper end of the strengthening column 212. The upper end of the nozzle main body 261 is fixedly connected with a water pipe 25. The water pipe 25 passes through the holes on the support cross beam 211 and the strengthening column 212 and is wound around the outer end of the water pipe winding rod 22; the other end of the water pipe 25 passes through the hole at the upper end of the support cross beam 211 and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the water distribution device 8. Solenoid valves 10 are fixedly connected to one ends of the water pipe 25 connecting the water distribution device 8 to control the water spraying amount of the moving nozzle 26 as needed, so as to achieve precise cooling of the cooling coil 3.

[0032] A traction wire 24 is fixedly connected between the pair of limiting plates 262 on the side surface of the nozzle main body 261. The traction wire 24 passes through the space inside the strengthening column 212 and is fixedly connected to the traction wire winding rod 23.

[0033] One end of the water pipe winding rod 22 away from the water pump 5 extends towards the rotation space and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space. A worm gear 29 is fixedly connected to the water pipe winding rod 22 located in the rotation space, and a worm 28 meshing with the worm gear 29 is rotatably connected in the rotation space. One end of the worm 28 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotation space, and the other end passes through the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to the transmission rod of the electric motor 27.

[0034] The electric motor 27 and the solenoid valve 10 are electrically connected to the centralized controller 7.

[0035] Under the normal operation state, the moving nozzle 26 is located at the upper end of the cooling coil 3, and the solenoid valve 10 controls the water flow in the water pipe 25 to be closed. At this time, the water pipe 25 is wound around the water pipe winding rod 22, and the traction wire 24 remains in a slack state without performing moving control on the moving nozzle 26.

[0036] When the condenser is working, after the water distribution device 8 is supplied with water from the water tank 11 by the water pump 5, it sprays water onto the cooling coil 3, so that the spray water film evenly covers the surface of the cooling coil 3, causing the coolant gas inside the cooling coil 3 to liquefy and discharge. The fan 6 makes the external air enter from the air inlet 4 from bottom to top and form a countercurrent contact with the spray water, prolonging the contact time between the water film and the air and enhancing the evaporation efficiency. The unevaporated water falls back into the water tank 11 and is lifted by the water pump 5 to form a circulating cooling.

[0037] During the process of discharging the coolant, the state monitoring sensor 9 is used to continuously monitor the gas / liquid state inside the cooling coil 3. Usually, the state monitoring sensor 9 is set at the lower half of the cooling coil 3, where the internal gas has basically been converted into liquid (this position can be judged according to the experience in actual use). When the state monitoring sensor 9 monitors that the inside of the position where it is located is gaseous, it indicates that there is a problem with the cooling of the cooling coil 3 at this place. Then, a signal is immediately transmitted to the centralized controller 7. The centralized controller 7 controls the coordinated action of the motor 27 and the solenoid valve 10. Then, the worm 28 and the worm gear 29 rotate, and the wire spool rod 23 synchronously winds up the traction wire 24, and the water pipe spool rod 22 synchronously releases the water pipe 25, so that the movable nozzle 26 moves downward under the action of gravity while spraying the lower half of the cooling coil 3 in the sliding groove 213, increasing the spraying intensity on the lower half of the cooling coil 3 and accelerating the liquid conversion, effectively avoiding the discharge of the coolant without being in a liquid state. When the infrared distance measuring sensor 12 detects that the movable nozzle 26 moves from the upper part to the lower limit position, the movable nozzle 26 completes half of the spraying cycle. If at this time the state monitoring sensor 9 monitors that the inside of the cooling coil 3 at the position where it is located is still gaseous, then the centralized controller 7 is used to control the continued coordinated action of the motor 27 and the solenoid valve 10, controlling the worm 28 and the worm gear 29 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the movable nozzle 26 moves upward while spraying the lower half of the cooling coil 3 in the sliding groove 213 (note that here the movable nozzle 26 does not move up to the limit position, but only moves up to the middle of the vertical height of the cooling coil 3 for spraying). Then, the movable nozzle 26 completes the other half of the spraying cycle, and the state monitoring sensor 9 continues to monitor until the inside of the cooling coil 3 at the position where it is located is liquid, and then controls the movable nozzle 26 to move upward and return to the limit position for placement. Otherwise, the movable nozzle 26 continues to move up and down reciprocally while spraying the lower half of the cooling coil 3. In actual application, an alarm can also be connected to the centralized controller 7, and the abnormal situation that the state monitoring sensor 9 monitors that the inside of the position where it is located is gaseous can be informed to the staff through sound and electricity alarms.

[0038] The above-mentioned state monitoring sensor 9 is preferably an external clamping type; in specific actual applications, a clamping type electromagnetic / optical sensor, a sensor combining sound wave and optical fiber, or any detection device suitable for this application that can detect whether the coolant inside the pipeline is in a liquid state or a gaseous state can be selected for installation according to needs.

Claims

1. A countercurrent evaporative condenser, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1) and a centralized controller (7) located outside the housing (1); the housing (1) is divided into a cooling space and a rotating space connected to the cooling space; a fan (6), a water distribution device (8) and a cooling coil (3) are installed in sequence from top to bottom in the cooling space; air inlets (4) are provided on both sides of the housing (1); a water tank (11) is retained at the lower part; the water tank (11) and the water distribution device (8) are connected outside the housing (1); a state monitoring sensor (9) is installed at the middle and lower part of the cooling coil (3); the lower end of the water distribution device (8) is connected to a dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2); the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) comprises at least one movable nozzle (26) moving along the axial direction of the cooling coil (3) and an infrared distance sensor (12) for measuring the axial position of the movable nozzle (26); the infrared distance sensor (12) and the state monitoring sensor (9) are electrically connected to the centralized controller (7); and the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) is signal-connected to the centralized controller (7).

2. A countercurrent evaporative condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) further comprises a support frame (21) fixed to the inner wall of the outer shell (1) and a drive assembly for driving a mobile nozzle (26) connected to the water distribution device (8) to move axially along the cooling coil (3), wherein the drive assembly is located in the rotation space and is electrically connected to the centralized controller (7); the support frame (21) comprises a support beam (211) and a reinforcing column (212) vertically fixedly connected to the lower end of the support beam (211), wherein the reinforcing column (212) is provided with a sliding slot for sliding the mobile nozzle (26) at a midline position facing one side of the cooling coil (3), and an infrared distance measuring sensor (12) is fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the sliding slot.

3. A countercurrent evaporative condenser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable nozzle (26) comprises a nozzle body (261) and a pair of limit plates (262) fixed obliquely on both sides of the nozzle body (261), and sliding grooves (213) matching the limit plates (262) are provided on both sides of the reinforcing column (212).

4. A countercurrent evaporative condenser according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a motor (27), a worm (28) and a worm wheel (29); the motor (27) is electrically connected to the centralized controller (7); one end of the worm (28) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the rotating space, and the other end is fixedly connected to the motor (27); the supporting crossbeam (211) and the reinforcing column (212) are both hollow structures; the supporting crossbeam (211) is rotatably connected to a water pipe coil rod (22) and a traction wire coil rod (23) inside, and the two coil rods are rotated at the same speed by means of synchronous gears meshing at the ends; the water pipe coil rod (22) is rotated in a direction opposite to the inner wall of the rotating space; the reinforcing column (212) is fixedly connected ... The moving space extends and is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the rotating space in the vertical direction. The worm gear (29) is fixedly connected to the water pipe coil rod (22) and meshedly connected to the worm gear (28). A water pipe (25) is coiled on the water pipe coil rod (22). One end of the water pipe (25) is fixedly connected to the moving nozzle (26), and the other end is fixedly connected to the water distribution device (8). One end of the traction line (24) is fixedly connected to the side of the moving nozzle (26) away from the cooling coil (3), and the other end of the traction line (24) is fixedly connected to the traction line coil rod (23).

5. A countercurrent evaporative condenser according to claim 4, characterized in that: A moving space for the traction wire (24) to move is provided in the reinforcing column (212), the moving space being connected to the interior of the supporting crossbeam (211), and one end of the traction wire (24) connected to the traction wire coil rod (23) passes through the moving space and is fixed to the traction wire coil rod (23).

6. A countercurrent evaporative condenser according to claim 4, characterized in that: An electromagnetic valve (10) is provided at one end of the water pipe (25) connected to the water distribution device (8), and the electromagnetic valve (10) is electrically connected to the centralized controller (7).

7. A countercurrent evaporative condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distribution device (8) and the water tank (11) are inside the housing (1) and are connected to the outside of the water pump (5) through a pipeline.

8. A control system for a countercurrent evaporative condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The state monitoring sensor (9) detects the gas / liquid state of the coolant in the cooling coil (3). When the coolant is in a gaseous state, a signal is transmitted to the centralized controller (7). The centralized controller (7) controls the dynamic spray adjustment mechanism (2) to start adjusting to enhance cooling of the cooling coil (3). If the coolant is in a liquid state, the cooling coil (3) is returned to its original position.

Images