Air cooling tower spray cooling system self-adaptive to wind direction and self-adaptive operation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind direction self-adaptive air cooling tower spray cooling system, which comprises an environmental wind measuring point device arranged at a distance from an air cooling tower and used for acquiring an environmental wind azimuth angle in real time to determine an environmental wind direction; the radiator is arranged on the periphery of the bottom of the air cooling tower, an annular evaporation area is formed on the periphery of the radiator, and the annular evaporation area is divided into a plurality of evaporation sectors at equal angles; each evaporation sector corresponds to one radiator and is correspondingly provided with one group of nozzles and one anemorumbometer, and the anemorumbometer collects wind speed and wind direction signals of the surrounding environment in real time; the spray effectiveness processing module is used for receiving wind speed and wind direction signals of the anemorumbometer and generating corresponding switching signals; a nozzle control module is arranged on the nozzle and controls the nozzle to start and stop by receiving a switch signal. Spraying of the nozzles can be dynamically regulated and controlled through monitoring of the wind field around the air cooling tower in real time, water resource waste is reduced while the cooling performance of the air cooling tower is improved, and the spraying efficiency of the air cooling tower is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air-cooling tower heat dissipation in thermal power plants, and particularly to an air-cooling tower spray cooling system with self-adaptive wind direction and a self-adaptive operation method. Background Art

[0002] An air-cooling tower is an important cold-end device in the thermal cycle of a thermal power plant, and its performance has an important impact on the power generation efficiency, operation safety, and economic benefits of the thermal power plant. The air-cooling tower draws in ambient air by means of natural convection, allowing the air to flow through the radiator of the air-cooling tower, thereby achieving the cooling of the circulating water. Therefore, the ambient wind has an important impact on the ventilation volume and flow field structure of the air-cooling tower. Under the action of the ambient wind, the flow fields at the inlet and outlet of the air-cooling tower will be distorted and deformed, and various complex eddy currents will be formed inside and outside the tower, which will seriously affect the cooling performance of the air-cooling tower. The evaporative cooling technology is an effective method to improve the cooling performance of the air-cooling system. By using the principle of heat absorption during water droplet evaporation, the inlet air temperature of the radiator is reduced, thereby increasing the heat transfer temperature difference and significantly improving the heat dissipation capacity of the system.

[0003] However, the evaporative precooling effect provided by spray evaporation for the inlet air of the air-cooling tower also depends to a great extent on the environmental conditions. Strong crosswinds will cause some of the fog droplets to be carried away by the airflow and dissipated, and some of the pre-cooled air cannot enter the radiator to complete the heat transfer process, resulting in local precooling failure and water resource waste. This phenomenon severely limits the sustainability of using the inlet air spray precooling method in the air-cooling systems of generator sets in water-scarce areas. Therefore, in order to reduce water resource waste, some ineffective nozzle devices need to be shut down. However, most of the existing air-cooling tower spray evaporation systems start and stop uniformly, lack adjustability, or the adjustment area position is not clear, and cannot adapt to the complex environmental wind changes in the actual situation, making it difficult to maintain high efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: The first object of the present invention is to provide an air-cooling tower spray cooling system with self-adaptive wind direction;

[0005] The second object is to provide a self-adaptive operation method based on the above air-cooling tower spray cooling system with self-adaptive wind direction, which can solve the problems of water resource waste in the existing air-cooling tower spray evaporation system under the influence of ambient crosswinds and the inability to adapt to environmental wind changes.

[0006] Technical Solution: The air-cooling tower spray cooling system with self-adaptive wind direction of the present invention includes:

[0007] An ambient wind measuring point device, which is arranged far away from the air-cooling tower and collects the azimuth angle of the ambient wind in real time to determine the ambient wind direction;

[0008] A radiator, which is arranged on the outer periphery of the bottom of the air-cooling tower, and a ring-shaped evaporation area is formed on the outer circumference of the radiator. The ring-shaped evaporation area is equally divided into a plurality of evaporation sectors;

[0009] Each evaporation sector corresponds to a radiator, and a set of nozzles and an anemometer are correspondingly arranged. The anemometer collects the wind speed and wind direction signals of the surrounding environment in real time;

[0010] A spray effectiveness processing module receives the wind speed and wind direction signals from the anemometer; the spray effectiveness processing module includes a mathematical model constructed using the near-field simulation data samples stored in the spray effectiveness database, judges the spray effectiveness of the area through a function, and generates corresponding switch signals; the spray effectiveness database includes the flow field data of the spray evaporation sectors under various environmental wind conditions;

[0011] A nozzle control module is provided on the nozzle, and the start and stop of the nozzle are controlled by receiving the switch signal.

[0012] Furthermore, the nozzle is arranged at a certain horizontal distance from the radiator, and each set of nozzles includes multiple nozzle devices arranged vertically at intervals. The height of each set of nozzles is the same as that of the radiator. The anemometer is arranged at the top position of each set of nozzles, and an evaporation sector is formed between each set of nozzles and the radiator.

[0013] Furthermore, the nozzle is a hollow cone nozzle, and the spraying direction always faces the center of the air-cooled tower along the tower radius.

[0014] Furthermore, the spray effectiveness database includes the evaporation sector number N, sector wind speed V N 、sector wind direction angle θ N 、spray effectiveness R N , a total of Z groups, where Z is the number of evaporation sectors;

[0015] The above data is obtained through the following steps:

[0016] Use computational fluid dynamics simulation to perform variable condition simulation, and the input data is the environmental wind speed V m 、environmental wind azimuth angle α, environmental temperature T m 、inlet water temperature T of the air-cooled tower w ;

[0017] Obtain the environmental wind direction from the environmental wind azimuth angle α, and take this as the reference direction. Divide the annular evaporation area into Z evaporation sectors at equal intervals along the circumferential clockwise direction, and number them from 1 to Z in sequence, forming a total of Z sectors with increasing numbers, and the number is recorded as N, N = 1, 2,..., Z;

[0018] Output and organize the near-field simulation data samples. For the Z evaporation sectors, record the corresponding evaporation sector number N, sector wind speed V N 、sector wind direction angle θ N and spray effectiveness R in ascending order of the sector number NN , R N = 0 or 1.

[0019] Further, the spray effectiveness processing module adopts a multi-input single-output function form R N = F(N, V N , θ N );

[0020] By training the model with the near-field simulation data samples stored in the spray effectiveness database, the model input data includes the evaporation sector number N, the sector wind speed V N , the sector wind direction angle θ N , and the model output data is the spray effectiveness R N .

[0021] Corresponding to this, an adaptive operation method for the air-cooled tower spray cooling system based on the above wind direction adaptation is also disclosed, including the following steps:

[0022] S1. The environmental wind measuring point device collects the environmental wind azimuth angle α, determines the starting number position of the evaporation sector according to the environmental wind azimuth angle α, and generates the numbers N of Z evaporation sectors in the clockwise direction of the circumference, N = 1, 2,..., Z;

[0023] S2. The anemometers and wind vanes arranged in each evaporation sector collect data in real time. Each time data is collected, the anemometer and wind vane obtain the real-time sector wind speed V N , the sector wind direction angle θ N signals, and package the parameters N, V N , θ N of each sector into a data unit, and store them in the array P N [N, V N , θ N in ascending order of the number N, where P N [N, V N , θ N represents the corresponding data unit with the sector number N;

[0024] S3. Initialize N = 1;

[0025] S4. Extract the array P N [N, V N , θ N and input it into the constructed spray effectiveness model, and calculate the output result R N through the function R N = F(P N [N, V N ): N

[0026] S4.1. If R N= 1, it is proved that this sector is an effective spray area, and an opening signal 1 is input to the nozzle control module in the evaporation sector with the corresponding number N;

[0027] S4.2. If R is satisfied N = 0, it is proved that this sector is an ineffective spray area, and a closing signal 0 is input to the nozzle control module in the evaporation sector with the corresponding number N;

[0028] S5. After receiving the signal, the nozzle control module performs nozzle start / stop operations on the evaporation sector with the corresponding number N, that is, if the signal 1 is obtained, the nozzle device in the corresponding sector is turned on, and if the signal 0 is obtained, the nozzle device in the corresponding sector is turned off.

[0029] S6. Judge whether N <= Z - 1. If it is satisfied, let N = N + 1 and re-enter step S4; if N <= Z - 1 is not satisfied, this program ends;

[0030] The program adopts a delayed start mechanism and restarts after an interval time T, that is, re-enters state S1.

[0031] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the significant advantages of the present invention are: it can dynamically regulate nozzle spraying in real time through the monitoring of the wind field around the air cooling tower, improve the cooling performance of the air cooling tower while reducing water resource waste, thereby improving the spraying efficiency of the air cooling tower. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a top view of the system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a partial side view of the system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the adaptive operation method of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0036] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, the air cooling tower spray cooling system with an adaptive wind direction includes:

[0037] The ambient wind measurement point device 1 is arranged far away from the air cooling tower 2 and collects the ambient wind azimuth angle in real time to determine the ambient wind direction.

[0038] The radiator 3 is arranged on the outer periphery of the bottom of the air cooling tower 2, and a ring-shaped evaporation area is formed on the outer circumference of the radiator. The ring-shaped evaporation area is equally divided into a plurality of evaporation sectors 4.

[0039] Each evaporation sector 4 corresponds to a radiator 3, and a set of nozzles 5 and an anemometer 6 are correspondingly arranged. The anemometer 6 collects the wind speed and wind direction signals of the surrounding environment in real time.

[0040] A spray effectiveness processing module receives the wind speed and wind direction signals from the anemometer 6. The spray effectiveness processing module includes a mathematical model constructed using the near-field simulation data samples stored in the spray effectiveness database, determines the spray effectiveness of the area through function judgment, and generates corresponding switch signals. The spray effectiveness database includes the flow field data of the spray evaporation sectors under various environmental wind conditions.

[0041] A nozzle control module 7 is provided on the nozzle 5, and the start and stop of the nozzle are controlled by receiving the switch signal.

[0042] The nozzle 5 is arranged horizontally at a certain distance from the radiator 3. In this embodiment, it is denoted as Xm. Each set of nozzles 5 includes multiple nozzle devices arranged vertically at intervals. The height of each set of nozzles 5 is the same as that of the radiator 3. The anemometer 6 is arranged at the top position of each set of nozzles 5. An evaporation sector 4 is formed between each set of nozzles 5 and the radiator 3. The evaporation sectors are numbered from 1 to Z in sequence, forming a total of Z sectors with increasing numbers. The number is denoted as N, N = 1, 2,..., Z. The size and equal division quantity of the annular evaporation area can be adjusted according to the actual needs of the user.

[0043] The nozzle 5 is a hollow cone nozzle, ensuring a relatively small atomization particle size. The spraying direction always faces the center of the air-cooled tower along the tower radius, and nozzles are not provided at the topmost and bottommost positions.

[0044] The spray effectiveness database includes the evaporation sector number N corresponding to each evaporation sector 4, the sector wind speed V N , the sector wind direction angle θ N , the spray effectiveness R N , a total of Z groups. Z is the number of evaporation sectors;

[0045] The above data is obtained through the following steps, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2:

[0046]

[0047] Use computational fluid dynamics simulation to perform variable condition simulation. The input data is the environmental wind speed V m , the environmental wind azimuth angle α, the environmental temperature T m , the inlet water temperature T of the air-cooled tower w ;

[0048] The ambient wind direction obtained from the ambient wind azimuth angle α is used as the reference direction. The annular evaporation area is evenly divided into Z evaporation sectors in the clockwise direction along the circumference, numbered from 1 to Z in sequence, forming a total of Z sectors with increasing numbers, and the number is denoted as N, where N = 1, 2, …, Z;

[0049] Output and organize the near-field simulation data samples. For the Z evaporation sectors, record the corresponding evaporation sector number N, sector wind speed V N 、sector wind direction angle θ N and spray effectiveness R N , R N = 0 or 1.

[0050] The spray effectiveness processing module adopts the form of a multi-input single-output function R N = F(N, V N 、θ N );

[0051] Through model training on the near-field simulation data samples stored in the spray effectiveness database, the model input data includes the evaporation sector number N, sector wind speed V N 、sector wind direction angle θ N , and the model output data is the spray effectiveness R N , and the model training method can utilize artificial intelligence algorithms such as neural networks and support vector machines.

[0052] The nozzle control module determines the start-stop state of the nozzles in the evaporation sector with the corresponding number N according to the result R output by the spray effectiveness model N , so as to reduce ineffective spraying and save water resources. The control signal of the module is transmitted to each nozzle through the electrical control circuit to ensure the real-time response and efficient operation of the system.

[0053] As Figure 3 shown, based on the above adaptive operation method of the air-cooled tower spray cooling system adapted to the wind direction, the following steps are included:

[0054] S1. After the program starts, the ambient wind measuring device collects the ambient wind azimuth angle α, determines the starting number position of the evaporation sector according to the ambient wind azimuth angle α, and generates the numbers N of Z evaporation sectors in the clockwise direction along the circumference, where N = 1, 2, …, Z; Specifically, the annular evaporation area is evenly divided into Z sectors, and the numbering order of the evaporation sectors changes with the change of the ambient wind azimuth angle α. The numbering method used is to obtain the ambient wind direction from the ambient wind azimuth angle α and use it as the reference direction, and evenly divide the annular evaporation area into Z evaporation sectors in the clockwise direction along the circumference, numbered from 1 to Z in sequence, forming a total of Z sectors with increasing numbers, and the number is denoted as N;

[0055] S2. The anemometers and wind vanes arranged in each evaporation sector collect data in real time. Each time data is collected, the anemometer and wind vane obtain the real-time sector wind speed V N and sector wind direction angle θ N signals of their corresponding evaporation sectors, and encapsulate the parameters N, V N , θ N of each sector into a data unit, and store them in the array P in ascending order of the number N N [N, V N , θ N , where P N [N, V N , θ N represents the corresponding data unit of the sector with the number N;

[0056] S3. Initialize N = 1;

[0057] S4. Extract the array P N [N, V N , θ N and input it into the constructed spray effectiveness model. Calculate the output result R N through the function R N = F(P N [N, V N , θ N ):

[0058] S4.1. If R N = 1, it proves that this sector is a spray effective area, and input the start signal 1 to the nozzle control module in the evaporation sector with the corresponding number N;

[0059] S4.2. If R N = 0, it proves that this sector is a spray ineffective area, and input the close signal 0 to the nozzle control module in the evaporation sector with the corresponding number N;

[0060] S5. After receiving the signal, the nozzle control module performs nozzle start / stop operations on the evaporation sector with the corresponding number N, that is, if it obtains the signal 1, it turns on the nozzle device in the corresponding sector, and if it obtains the signal 0, it turns off the nozzle device in the corresponding sector.

[0061] S6. Judge whether N <= Z - 1. If it is satisfied, let N = N + 1 and re-enter step S4; if N <= Z - 1 is not satisfied, this program ends;

[0062] The program adopts a delayed start mechanism and restarts again after an interval time T, that is, re-enters state S1. This delayed start mechanism can effectively avoid the problem of frequent nozzle start / stop caused by frequent changes in environmental wind.

[0063] In this application, α is the azimuth angle of the ambient wind, used to determine the direction of the ambient wind, and its value range is 0° to 360°; N is the number of the evaporation sector, N = 1, 2, …, Z; V N and θ N are the wind speed and direction of the wind around the evaporation sector; R N is the spray effectiveness result, used to prove the effectiveness of the spray in this evaporation sector, where R N = 0 means the spray is ineffective, and R N = 1 means the spray is effective; Z is the total number of evaporation sectors, which can be customized by the user according to the actual situation; T is the interval time for the program to start and stop, which is an integer greater than 0, and the time unit can be seconds, minutes or hours. The value of T can be customized by the user according to the actual situation, mainly to effectively avoid the frequent start and stop of the nozzles caused by the frequent change of the ambient wind; X is the distance between the outer ring of the annular evaporation area and the air-cooled tower radiator, which can be customized by the user according to the actual situation; K is the number of nozzles evenly arranged on a set of nozzle devices, which can be customized by the user according to the actual situation; V m is the ambient side wind speed, T m is the ambient temperature, T w is the inlet water temperature of the air-cooled tower, used for the data samples of the spray effectiveness model output by the CFD off-design simulation.

Claims

1. An air cooling tower spray cooling system with adaptive wind direction, characterized in that: include: An ambient wind measuring point device (1) is arranged at a distance from the air cooling tower (2) and collects ambient wind azimuth in real time to determine the ambient wind direction; A radiator (3) is arranged at the outer periphery of the bottom of the air cooling tower (2), and forms an annular evaporation zone on the outer periphery of the radiator, wherein the annular evaporation zone is divided into a plurality of evaporation sectors (4) at equal angles; Each evaporation sector (4) corresponds to a radiator (3), and is provided with a group of nozzles (5) and an anemometer (6) correspondingly, wherein the anemometer (6) collects wind speed and wind direction signals of the surrounding environment in real time; A spray effectiveness processing module receives wind speed and wind direction signals from an anemometer (6); the spray effectiveness processing module includes a mathematical model constructed using near-field simulation data samples stored in a spray effectiveness database, determines the effectiveness of the spray in the area through a function, and generates a corresponding switch signal; the spray effectiveness database includes flow field data of the spray evaporation sector under various environmental wind conditions; The nozzle (5) is provided with a nozzle control module (7) which controls the start and stop of the nozzle by receiving a switch signal.

2. The air-cooling tower spray cooling system with adaptive wind direction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nozzles (5) are arranged horizontally at a certain distance from the radiator (3), and each group of nozzles (5) comprises a plurality of nozzle devices arranged vertically at intervals, and an evaporation sector (4) is formed between each group of nozzles (5) and the radiator (3).

3. The air-cooling tower spray cooling system with adaptive wind direction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The height of each group of nozzles (5) is consistent with that of the radiator (3).

4. The air-cooling tower spray cooling system with adaptive wind direction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The anemometer (6) is arranged at the top of each group of nozzles (5).

5. The air-cooling tower spray cooling system with adaptive wind direction according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The nozzle (5) is a hollow cone nozzle, and the spraying direction is always along the tower radial direction toward the center of the air cooling tower.

6. The air-cooling tower spray cooling system with adaptive wind direction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The spray effectiveness database includes the evaporation sector number N, the sector wind speed V corresponding to each evaporation sector (4), N 、Sector wind direction angle θ N , Spray effectiveness R N , total Z groups, Z is the number of evaporation sectors; The following steps are used to obtain the above data: Computational fluid dynamics simulation is used to simulate variable working conditions. The input data is the ambient wind speed V m , ambient wind azimuth α, ambient temperature T m , air cooling tower inlet water temperature T w ; The ambient wind direction is obtained by the ambient wind azimuth α, and is used as the reference direction. The annular evaporation area is divided into Z evaporation sectors at equal intervals along the circumference clockwise, which are numbered from 1 to Z in sequence, forming a total of Z sectors with increasing numbers, which are numbered as N, N = 1, 2, ..., Z; Output and organize the near-field simulation data samples. For Z evaporation sectors, record the corresponding evaporation sector number N, sector wind speed V, and sector number N from small to large. N 、Sector wind direction angle θ N and spray effectiveness R N , R N =0 or 1.

7. The air-cooling tower spray cooling system with adaptive wind direction according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The spray effectiveness processing module adopts a multi-input single-output function form R N =F(N,V N ,θ N ); The model is trained by using near-field simulation data samples stored in the spray effectiveness database. The model input data includes the evaporation sector number N, the sector wind speed V N 、Sector wind direction angle θ N The model output data is the spray effectiveness R N .

8. The adaptive operation method of the air cooling tower spray cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The ambient wind measuring point device collects the ambient wind azimuth α, determines the starting numbering position of the evaporation sector according to the ambient wind azimuth α, and generates the numbers N of Z evaporation sectors in a clockwise direction of the circumference, where N=1, 2, ..., Z; S2. The wind speed and direction instruments arranged in each evaporation sector collect data in real time. Each time the wind speed and direction instruments collect data, they obtain the real-time sector wind speed V of the corresponding evaporation sector. N 、Sector wind direction angle θ N signal, and the parameters N, V ​​of each sector N ,θ N Encapsulated as data units, stored in array P in ascending order according to number N N [N、V N ,θ N ], where P N [N、V N ,θ N ] represents the corresponding data unit with sector number N; S3, initialize N=1; S4. Extract array P N [N、V N ,θ N ] Input the constructed spray effectiveness model and use the function R N =F(P N [N、V N ,θ N ]) Calculate the output result R N : S4.

1. If R is satisfied N =1, indicating that this sector is a spray effective area, and inputting the opening signal 1 to the nozzle control module in the evaporation sector corresponding to number N; S4.2, if R is satisfied N =0, indicating that this sector is an invalid spray area, and inputting a closing signal 0 to the nozzle control module in the evaporation sector corresponding to number N; S5. After receiving the signal, the nozzle control module performs nozzle start and stop operations on the evaporation sector with the corresponding number N, that is, if the signal 1 is obtained, the nozzle device in the corresponding sector is turned on, and if the signal 0 is obtained, the nozzle device in the corresponding sector is turned off. S6, determine N <= Z-1, if it is satisfied, set N = N + 1 and re-enter step S4; if it is not satisfied, this procedure ends; The program uses a delayed start mechanism to start again after an interval T, that is, re-entering state S1.

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