Looseness monitoring method and device for fixing device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a looseness monitoring method and device for a fixing device and electronic equipment. The method relates to the technical field of structural health monitoring and signal processing, and comprises the following steps: acquiring strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on target equipment in a first acquisition time period according to a preset acquisition frequency to obtain M strain data sets; a strain vibration mode matrix of each strain data set is calculated, M target strain vibration mode matrix sets are obtained, and each target strain vibration mode matrix set comprises target strain vibration mode matrixes under N modal orders; and obtaining a standard strain vibration mode matrix set of one group of strain sensors in each target area, and comparing the target strain vibration mode matrix set and the standard strain vibration mode matrix set in the same target area to obtain a looseness monitoring result of the fixed device. According to the method and the device, the problem of relatively low efficiency of manually detecting the loosening condition of the fixed device in the communication infrastructure in the related technology is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical fields of structural health monitoring and signal processing. Specifically, it relates to a method and device for monitoring the looseness of fixing devices, as well as an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of communication infrastructure, the design of single-pole towers not only focuses on functionality but also increasingly incorporates considerations of environmental friendliness and cost reduction. A single-pole tower consists of steel components such as a tower body, a platform, a lightning rod, a ladder, and an antenna support. The tower body can be divided into 2 - 5 sections, and two connection methods, namely insertion or flange, are adopted. The cross-section of the tower body is circular or polygonal, and the overall shape is conical, wider at the bottom and narrower at the top. Single-pole towers connected by flanges often have better stiffness consistency. The tower sections are connected by bolt flanges, enabling them to exhibit excellent stability in the face of natural disasters such as strong winds and earthquakes, ensuring the stable operation of communication equipment.

[0003] Single-pole towers are designed and produced in a standardized manner, making the erection process simple and fast, without the need for on-site fabrication and assembly, thus saving a large amount of time and labor costs. Single-pole towers occupy a small area and can increase the passing rate of the passage. However, during the service life of a single-pole tower, continuous environmental excitation can cause the bolts (i.e., fixing devices) at the tower section joints to become loose. Bolt loosening will directly reduce the bearing capacity of the tower and, in severe cases, can lead to structural collapse, resulting in communication interruption and casualties. Therefore, it is very necessary to conduct health monitoring on the single-pole tower structure during its service period.

[0004] Current bolt loosening monitoring technologies mainly rely on manual regular inspections. Although manual inspections are direct, they are inefficient, unable to meet the requirements of real-time monitoring, and are difficult to implement under adverse weather conditions.

[0005] Regarding the problem of low efficiency in manually detecting the looseness of fixing devices in communication infrastructure in related technologies, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a method and device for monitoring the looseness of fixing devices, as well as an electronic device, to solve the problem of low efficiency in manually detecting the looseness of fixing devices in communication infrastructure in related technologies.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present application, a method for monitoring looseness of a fixing device is provided. The method includes: collecting strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on a target device during a first collection period according to a preset collection frequency, to obtain M sets of strain data, wherein a fixing device is configured on a connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H sets of strain data collected by the same group of strain sensors at different collection moments, and M and H are positive integers; calculating a strain mode shape matrix for each set of strain data, to obtain M sets of target strain mode shape matrix sets, wherein each set of target strain mode shape matrix sets includes target strain mode shape matrices at N modal orders, and N is a positive integer; obtaining a set of standard strain mode shape matrices of a group of strain sensors in each target area, and comparing the set of target strain mode shape matrices and the set of standard strain mode shape matrices in the same target area, to obtain a monitoring result of the looseness of the fixing device.

[0008] Optionally, the strain sensors are arranged in the following manner: obtaining cross-sections where connecting devices arranged on the target device are located, to obtain P reference cross-sections, wherein P is a positive integer; determining target cross-sections on the target device according to each reference cross-section, to obtain P target cross-sections, wherein each target cross-section corresponds to a reference cross-section respectively, and the distance between the target cross-section and the corresponding reference cross-section is a preset distance; generating a rectangular coordinate system with the center of the target cross-section as the origin, and determining positions where the rectangular coordinate system intersects the outer wall of the target device as preset positions, to obtain a plurality of preset positions, and arranging a strain sensor at each preset position.

[0009] Optionally, the strain sensors are grouped in the following manner: obtaining coordinate axis information of each strain sensor, and grouping strain sensors with the same coordinate axis information into one group, to obtain M groups of strain sensors, wherein the coordinate axis information includes abscissa and ordinate.

[0010] Optionally, calculating a strain mode shape matrix for each set of strain data, to obtain M sets of target strain mode shape matrix sets includes: for each set of strain data, determining the value of the modal order N; inputting the value of N and the set of strain data into a random subspace algorithm model, and calculating each set of strain data through the random subspace algorithm, to obtain an initial set of strain mode shape matrices; performing normalization processing on the matrices in the initial set of strain mode shape matrices, to obtain a set of target strain mode shape matrices.

[0011] Optionally, comparing the set of target strain mode shape matrices and the set of standard strain mode shape matrices in the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device, which includes: for any modal order, calculating the mode shape difference between the target strain mode shape matrix and the standard strain mode shape matrix at the modal order in the same target area to obtain a difference matrix; determining whether there are difference elements greater than a first preset threshold in the difference matrix; in the case where there are difference elements greater than the first preset threshold, determining the strain sensor corresponding to the difference element, and determining the connecting device corresponding to the strain sensor as an abnormal connecting device, and determining the fixing device on the abnormal connecting device with the same coordinate axis information as the strain sensor as a loosening device, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate; determining the loosening reason of the loosening device according to the modal order and a preset comparison table, where the preset comparison table includes multiple modal orders and the loosening reasons of the fixing devices corresponding to each modal order.

[0012] Optionally, comparing the set of target strain mode shape matrices and the set of standard strain mode shape matrices in the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device, which includes: determining the set of initial curvature modes of the target areas where each group of strain sensors are located according to the M sets of target strain mode shape matrices to obtain M sets of initial curvature modes, where each set of initial curvature modes in the M sets of initial curvature modes includes the initial curvature mode matrix corresponding to the strain mode shape matrix at each modal order; for any modal order, calculating the first deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode in the first acquisition period and the second standard curvature mode in the second acquisition period in the same target area; calculating the second deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode and the initial curvature mode; calculating the absolute value of the difference between the first deviation degree matrix and the second deviation degree matrix to obtain a target deviation degree matrix; determining whether there are elements greater than a second preset threshold in the target deviation degree matrix; in the case where there are elements greater than the second preset threshold, determining the strain sensor corresponding to the element, and determining the connecting device corresponding to the strain sensor as an abnormal connecting device, and determining the fixing device on the abnormal connecting device with the same coordinate axis information as the strain sensor as a loosening device, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate; determining the loosening reason of the loosening device according to the modal order and a preset comparison table, where the preset comparison table includes multiple modal orders and the loosening reasons of the fixing devices corresponding to each modal order.

[0013] Optionally, determining the set of initial curvature modes of the target areas where each group of strain sensors are located according to the M sets of target strain mode shape matrices includes: for the initial curvature mode of any target area, obtaining the set of target strain mode shape matrices in the target area and obtaining the average inner diameter of the target device; dividing each target strain mode shape matrix in the set of target strain mode shape matrices by the average inner diameter to obtain the set of initial curvature modes.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a loosening monitoring device for a fixing device is provided. The device includes: an acquisition unit, configured to acquire strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on a target device within a first acquisition period according to a preset acquisition frequency, to obtain M sets of strain data. Among them, a fixing device is configured on a connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H sets of strain data acquired by the same group of strain sensors at different acquisition moments; a calculation unit, configured to calculate a strain mode matrix of each set of strain data to obtain M sets of target strain mode matrix sets, where each set of target strain mode matrix sets includes target strain mode matrices under N modal orders; a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire a set of standard strain mode matrix sets of a group of strain sensors in each target area, and compare the set of target strain mode matrix sets and the set of standard strain mode matrix sets under the same target area to obtain a loosening monitoring result of the fixing device.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer program product is further provided, including a computer program, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements a loosening monitoring method for a fixing device provided in the foregoing embodiments of the present application.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is further provided, including one or more processors and a memory; computer-readable instructions are stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer-readable instructions, where the computer-readable instructions, when running, execute a loosening monitoring method for a fixing device provided in the foregoing embodiments.

[0017] Through the present application, the following steps are adopted: collecting strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on the target device within the first collection period according to a preset collection frequency, to obtain M sets of strain data. Among them, a fixing device is configured on the connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H groups of strain data collected by the same group of strain sensors at different collection moments; calculating the strain mode matrix of each set of strain data to obtain M sets of target strain mode matrix sets, where each set of target strain mode matrix sets includes target strain mode matrices at N modal orders; obtaining a set of standard strain mode matrix sets of a group of strain sensors in each target area, and comparing the set of target strain mode matrix sets and the set of standard strain mode matrix sets under the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device. This solves the problem of low efficiency in manually detecting the loosening of fixing devices in communication infrastructure equipment in the related art. By setting strain sensors and calculating the strain mode matrix according to the strain values of the strain sensors, and then determining the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device based on the strain mode matrix, the technical effect of improving the accuracy of loosening monitoring of the fixing device is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for monitoring the loosening of a fixing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional single-pole tower according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a simplified diagram of an optional single-pole tower according to an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a device for monitoring the loosening of a fixing device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The following will refer to the drawings and combine the embodiments to detail this application.

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification, claims and above-mentioned drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of this application described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0027] It should be noted that the method, device and electronic device for monitoring the looseness of fixed devices determined in this disclosure can be used in the fields of structural health monitoring and signal processing technology, and can also be used in any field other than the fields of structural health monitoring and signal processing technology. The application fields of the method, device and electronic device for monitoring the looseness of fixed devices determined in this disclosure are not limited.

[0028] The embodiments or examples of this disclosure are not exhaustive. They are only illustrations of some embodiments or examples and do not specifically limit the protection scope of this disclosure. Without contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment or example can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be combined arbitrarily. For example, the solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment or example can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment or example can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional methods or optional examples in a certain embodiment or example can be combined arbitrarily; furthermore, the embodiments or examples can be combined arbitrarily. For example, some or all of the steps of different embodiments or examples can be combined arbitrarily, and a certain embodiment or example can be combined arbitrarily with the optional methods or optional examples of other embodiments or examples.

[0029] For the convenience of description, some nouns or terms related to the embodiments of this application are described below:

[0030] Single-pole tower: It is a common tall structure in the communication industry, mainly composed of multiple sections of steel pipes, which are usually connected by flange plates and bolts. The single-pole tower is designed compactly and is convenient to install, which can effectively save space. At the same time, it has strong stability and load-bearing capacity, and is suitable for the installation of various communication devices, such as antennas, communication equipment, etc.

[0031] Flange plate: A flange plate is a metal disc-shaped component used for connecting structural components such as pipe fittings and tower bodies. It usually has bolt holes and is connected to another flange plate through bolts to form a stable connection node. The flange plate can provide the joint surface required for bolt connection and is a key component to ensure the connection strength and stability of each section of steel pipe of the single-pole tower.

[0032] Bolt: A bolt is a commonly used fastener with threads, used to connect two or more parts together. In the construction and maintenance of a single-pole tower, bolts are mainly used for the connection between flange plates. By tightening the bolts, the structural firmness and stability between each section of the tower body are ensured. The tightening degree of the bolts is directly related to the load-bearing capacity and overall safety of the single-pole tower.

[0033] Strain sensor: It is a device used to measure the deformation (strain) of an object caused by external forces. It usually consists of a sensitive element (such as a resistance strain gauge) and a conversion circuit, which can convert mechanical deformation into an electrical signal for real-time monitoring of the stress change of a structure or material.

[0034] Strain mode shape: It refers to the distribution pattern of the strain (deformation degree) of each point of a structure over time and space during vibration. The analysis of the strain mode shape is of great significance for the early identification and location of structural damage.

[0035] Modal order: It refers to different modes or states of structural vibration. Each structure has its specific vibration modes, and these modes are sorted according to the magnitude of their natural frequencies. The higher the order, the higher the natural frequency usually is.

[0036] Curvature: It is a mathematical concept used to describe the degree of bending of a curve or surface at a certain point. In structural engineering, curvature is often used to analyze the bending deformation of a structure. Especially for linear members such as beams and columns, the change in curvature can reflect their stress state and damage degree.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for monitoring the loosening of fixed devices provided according to the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0038] Step S101, collect the strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on the target device during the first acquisition period according to a preset acquisition frequency, to obtain M sets of strain data. Among them, a fixing device is configured on the connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H sets of strain data collected by the same group of strain sensors at different acquisition moments.

[0039] It should be noted that the target device can be a single-pole tower, the connecting device can be a flange, and the fixing device can be a bolt used to connect the flange on the single-pole tower. In order to determine whether the bolt is loose, strain sensors need to be arranged at preset positions near the bolt on the single-pole tower, so as to collect the strain data of the target device through the strain sensors.

[0040] It should be noted that since there are multiple flanges on the single-pole tower and the bolts on each flange need to be monitored, multiple strain sensors need to be arranged at preset positions near each flange. Furthermore, through strain sensors in different directions, comprehensive strain data of the flange can be collected to ensure accurate monitoring of the looseness of the bolts on the flange.

[0041] Specifically, after arranging M groups of strain sensors on the single-pole tower, it is necessary to divide the acquisition period. For example, one minute is an acquisition period, so as to determine whether there is looseness of the bolts on the flange according to the strain data within this acquisition period. During any acquisition period, for example, during the first acquisition period, the strain data sent by each group of strain sensors can be collected according to a preset acquisition frequency, so as to obtain M sets of strain data. Among them, each group of strain sensors includes multiple strain sensors.

[0042] For example, there are a total of 4 groups of sensors. The relative distances and angles between the sensors in each group and the corresponding flange are the same. At this time, 4 sets of strain data are collected, and each set of strain data includes the strain data matrix of this group of sensors at multiple acquisition moments.

[0043] Step S102, calculate the strain mode matrix of each set of strain data to obtain M sets of target strain mode matrix sets, where each set of target strain mode matrix sets includes target strain mode matrices under N modal orders.

[0044] Specifically, after obtaining each set of strain data, a mathematical calculation method, such as the stochastic subspace algorithm, can be used to calculate the strain mode matrix corresponding to each set of strain data. Since each set of strain data can calculate N modal orders, that is, the strain mode matrix of the Nth order, each set of strain data corresponds to N target strain mode matrices.

[0045] For example, strain signals are collected, the modal order is determined, and the strain mode shapes are determined using the stochastic subspace method to obtain the strain mode shape matrix of the i-th order at the j-th node of the structure.

[0046] In step S103, a set of standard strain mode shape matrix sets of a group of strain sensors in each target area is obtained, and the target strain mode shape matrix set and the standard strain mode shape matrix set under the same target area are compared to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device.

[0047] Specifically, in the case of obtaining the target strain mode shape matrix set, the installation positions of a group of sensors corresponding to each target strain mode shape matrix set, that is, the target area, can be determined, and a set of standard strain mode shape matrix sets collected by a group of strain sensors at the same installation position (that is, within the same target area) is obtained. Among them, the standard strain mode shape matrix set is measured by the sensors on the single-pole tower determined to have no bolt loosening.

[0048] Furthermore, in the case of obtaining the standard strain mode shape matrix set and the target strain mode shape matrix set, the standard strain mode shape matrix set and the target strain mode shape matrix set corresponding to the sensor set under the same target area can be compared, so as to determine the difference between the target strain mode shape matrix set of the current single-pole tower and the standard strain mode shape matrix set of the single-pole tower without abnormality according to the comparison result. Furthermore, the loosening condition of the bolts on the flange of the current single-pole tower can be accurately monitored according to the degree of difference. In the case of abnormality, the abnormal position and the cause of the abnormality can be determined in time. Furthermore, when the bolt loosening state of the single-pole tower is accurately determined, the loosened bolts can be processed in time to ensure the stability of the single-pole tower.

[0049] The loosening monitoring method for fixing devices provided by the embodiments of the present application obtains M sets of strain data by collecting the strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on the target device within the first collection period according to a preset collection frequency. Among them, a fixing device is configured on the connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H sets of strain data collected by the same group of strain sensors at different collection times; calculate the strain mode matrix of each set of strain data to obtain M sets of target strain mode matrix sets, where each set of target strain mode matrix sets includes target strain mode matrices at N modal orders; obtain a set of standard strain mode matrices of a group of strain sensors in each target area, and compare the set of target strain mode matrices and the set of standard strain mode matrices under the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device. This solves the problem of low efficiency in manually detecting the loosening of fixing devices in communication infrastructure in the related art. By setting strain sensors and calculating the strain mode matrix according to the strain values of the strain sensors, and then determining the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device according to the strain mode matrix, the technical effect of improving the accuracy of the loosening monitoring of the fixing device is achieved.

[0050] Optionally, in the loosening monitoring method for fixing devices provided by the embodiments of the present application, the strain sensors are arranged in the following manner: obtain the cross-sections where the connecting devices provided on the target device are located to obtain P reference cross-sections; determine the target cross-sections on the target device according to each reference cross-section to obtain P target cross-sections, where each target cross-section corresponds to a reference cross-section respectively, and the distance between the target cross-section and the corresponding reference cross-section is a preset distance; generate a rectangular coordinate system with the center of the target cross-section as the origin, and determine the positions where the rectangular coordinate system intersects the outer wall of the target device as the preset positions to obtain multiple preset positions, and arrange a strain sensor at each preset position.

[0051] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an optional single-pole tower according to the embodiments of the present application, as Figure 2 shown, the black dots in the figure are strain sensors. When arranging the strain sensors, first, it is necessary to obtain the cross-sections where the connecting devices provided on the target device are located, that is, the cross-sections where the flange plates are located, to obtain P reference cross-sections, and set strain sensors at a preset distance, such as 10 cm, on each reference cross-section, that is, determine the position 10 cm above the reference cross-section as the target cross-section.

[0052] Further, after determining that strain sensors need to be arranged on the target cross-section, the tower structure can be simplified into a cantilever beam with a constant cross-section, and a plane rectangular coordinate system is established with the center of the cross-section as the origin, namely the x-axis and the y-axis,Figure 3 is a simplified diagram of an optional single-pole tower provided according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 3 shown, in the case of simplifying the tower pole structure into a cantilever beam with a constant cross-section, a rectangular coordinate system can be generated with the center of the target cross-section as the origin, and the horizontal and vertical coordinate axes of the rectangular coordinate system can be extended outward until the coordinate axes intersect with the outer wall of the single-pole tower, and the intersection points are determined as the points for installing the strain sensors, thus completing the operation of selecting the installation points of the strain sensors and ensuring the availability of the strain data collected by the strain sensors.

[0053] In this embodiment, by determining the position of the strain sensor, it is ensured that the strain data collected by the strain sensor can accurately reflect the loosening condition of the bolts on the flange of the single-pole tower.

[0054] Optionally, in the method for monitoring the loosening of fixed devices provided by the embodiment of the present application, the strain sensors are grouped in the following manner: obtain the coordinate axis information of each strain sensor, and group the strain sensors with the same coordinate axis information into one group to obtain M groups of strain sensors, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate.

[0055] Specifically, when grouping the strain sensors, in order to ensure that the sensing data collected by a group of strain sensors can accurately reflect the loosening condition of the bolts of the single-pole tower, therefore, it is necessary to group the strain sensors that obtain the strain data on the same side into one group, that is, determine the range on this side as the target area. At this time, according to the coordinate axis information set when setting the strain sensors, the strain sensors grouped into one group can be determined, that is, the strain sensors with the same coordinate axis information are grouped into one group. For example, the strain sensors at the intersection positions of the positive half-axis of the X-axis and the outer wall of the single-pole tower are grouped into one group, so as to obtain 4 groups of strain sensors, and then 4 strain data sets are obtained according to the 4 groups of strain sensors.

[0056] In this embodiment, by determining the grouping method of the strain sensors according to the coordinate axis information, it is ensured that the strain data obtained according to a group of strain sensors can accurately reflect the loosening condition of the bolts of the single-pole tower.

[0057] Optionally, in the method for monitoring the loosening of fixed devices provided by the embodiment of the present application, calculating the strain mode shape matrix of each strain data set to obtain M target strain mode shape matrix sets includes: for each strain data set, determining the value of the modal order N; inputting the value of N and the strain data set into the stochastic subspace algorithm model, and calculating each strain data set through the stochastic subspace algorithm to obtain an initial strain mode shape matrix set; normalizing the matrices in the initial strain mode shape matrix set to obtain the target strain mode shape matrix set.

[0058] It should be noted that the modal order (N): refers to the range of the lowest to the highest vibration modes considered in the structural vibration analysis. This value determines which orders of strain vibration modes need to be calculated. Stochastic Subspace Identification (SSI) algorithm: is an advanced modal parameter identification method based on time-domain data, suitable for identifying the dynamic characteristics of structures from noisy environments.

[0059] Specifically, when obtaining the strain vibration mode matrix from strain data, it is first necessary to determine the modal order N through pre-analysis or empirical data, that is, the order range of the vibration modes expected to be identified from the strain data. Selecting an appropriate modal order N is to ensure that all important vibration modes can be covered while avoiding calculating unnecessary high-frequency modes, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the analysis.

[0060] Furthermore, based on the selected modal order N, the strain data collected from strain sensors is input into the SSI algorithm. The algorithm will automatically identify the strain vibration mode matrices related to the Nth order, and these matrices describe the strain distribution of the structure in the corresponding modes. By processing the strain data with the stochastic subspace algorithm, information most directly related to the modal characteristics of the structure can be extracted from a large amount of data, providing an accurate basis for subsequent damage identification, and thus obtaining an initial set of strain vibration mode matrices. Among them, the initial set of strain vibration mode matrices includes N initial strain vibration mode matrices, and each initial strain vibration mode matrix corresponds to a modal order.

[0061] Furthermore, in the case of obtaining the initial set of strain vibration mode matrices, it is also necessary to perform normalization processing on each initial strain vibration mode matrix in it to obtain a set of target strain vibration mode matrices, so as to ensure the comparability of the strain vibration mode matrices in terms of amplitude, and thus make the subsequent damage identification analysis more accurate.

[0062] For example, assume that it is necessary to focus on the first 3 natural vibration modes of a single-pole tower structure, that is, N = 3. At this time, the order and the set of strain data are input into the subspace algorithm model to obtain the vibration mode matrix. Among them, each element in the vibration mode matrix corresponds to a collection point, that is, corresponds to a strain sensor.

[0063] In this embodiment, by selecting the modal order N, the low-order modes that have the greatest impact on the structural stability are specifically focused on. Then, the strain vibration modes of these modes are accurately identified from the noisy environment using the stochastic subspace algorithm. Finally, through normalization processing, the influence of data dimensions is eliminated, providing high-quality modal information for subsequent damage location and assessment, and thus realizing an efficient conversion from strain data to the target strain vibration mode matrix, ensuring that the subsequent accurate identification and monitoring of bolt loosening conditions can be carried out based on the strain vibration mode matrix.

[0064] Optionally, in the method for monitoring the looseness of the fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application, comparing the target strain mode shape matrix set and the standard strain mode shape matrix set in the same target area to obtain the looseness monitoring result of the fixing device includes: for any mode order, calculating the mode shape difference between the target strain mode shape matrix and the standard strain mode shape matrix at the mode order in the same target area to obtain a difference matrix; determining whether there are difference elements greater than a first preset threshold in the difference matrix; in the case where there are difference elements greater than the first preset threshold, determining the strain sensor corresponding to the difference element, and determining the connecting device corresponding to the strain sensor as an abnormal connecting device, and determining the fixing device on the abnormal connecting device with the same coordinate axis information as the strain sensor as a loose device, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate; determining the cause of the looseness of the loose device according to the mode order and a preset comparison table, where the preset comparison table includes multiple mode orders and the reasons for the looseness of the fixing device corresponding to each mode order.

[0065] It should be noted that since the processing method for the matrix is the same for any mode order, therefore, this embodiment only describes the looseness monitoring process for one mode order.

[0066] Specifically, when determining the looseness detection result, since the target strain mode shape matrices corresponding to each group of sensors have been obtained, for example, the mode shape matrix corresponding to a group of sensors in the positive X-axis direction is: At this time, the mode shape difference between the target strain mode shape matrix and the standard strain mode shape matrix can be calculated according to the following formula to obtain a difference matrix:

[0067]

[0068] where is the mode shape difference matrix corresponding to a group of sensors in the positive X-axis direction, is the standard strain mode shape matrix corresponding to a group of sensors in the positive X-axis direction, is the target strain mode shape matrix corresponding to a group of sensors in the positive X-axis direction, and d is the inner diameter radius of the single-tube tower.

[0069] Furthermore, in the case of obtaining the mode shape difference matrix, since the mode shape difference matrix includes multiple difference elements, and each difference element corresponds to a strain sensor, therefore, according to the magnitude relationship between each difference element and the first preset threshold, it can be determined whether the difference element is abnormal, and then it can be determined which strain sensor collects abnormal strain data, so as to determine which bolt at which position of which flange is loose.

[0070] In the case where there are difference elements greater than the first preset threshold, it indicates that a certain difference element has a large value. At this time, it can be determined that the mode shape in the target mode shape matrix corresponding to the difference element is greater than the mode shape in the standard mode shape matrix, that is, the mode shape data has a large difference from the standard value. Then, it can be determined that the strain data collected by the strain sensor corresponding to the difference element is abnormal, and it is determined that there is a bolt loosening in the flange detected by the strain sensor.

[0071] It should be noted that since the detection results of bolt loosening may be inconsistent under different modal orders, therefore, the possible causes of bolt loosening can be determined according to the modal order of the target strain mode shape matrix with abnormal detection results, which can be determined through a preset comparison table. Thus, when the loosened bolt is determined, the possible causes of bolt loosening can also be determined, improving the accuracy, efficiency, and convenience of bolt monitoring.

[0072] In this embodiment, by calculating the difference matrix of the mode shape matrix and comparing the difference of the element values in the target mode shape matrix and the standard mode shape matrix, the difference between the loosening condition of the bolts on the flange of the current single-pole tower and the loosening condition of the bolts on the flange of the standard single-pole tower is determined, and then whether there is a bolt loosening on the flange of the current single-pole tower is determined, ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring of the loosening condition.

[0073] Optionally, in the method for monitoring the looseness of a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application, comparing the set of target strain mode shape matrices and the set of standard strain mode shape matrices in the same target area to obtain the looseness monitoring result of the fixing device includes: determining the set of initial curvature modes of the target area where each group of strain sensors is located according to the M sets of target strain mode shape matrices, obtaining M sets of initial curvature modes, where each set of initial curvature modes in the M sets of initial curvature modes includes the initial curvature mode matrix corresponding to the strain mode shape matrix at each mode order; for any one mode order, calculating the first deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode in the first acquisition period and the second standard curvature mode in the second acquisition period in the same target area; calculating the second deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode and the initial curvature mode; calculating the absolute value of the difference between the first deviation degree matrix and the second deviation degree matrix to obtain the target deviation degree matrix; determining whether there are elements greater than the second preset threshold in the target deviation degree matrix; in the case where there are elements greater than the second preset threshold, determining the strain sensors corresponding to the elements, and determining the connecting devices corresponding to the strain sensors as abnormal connecting devices, and determining the fixing devices on the abnormal connecting devices with the same coordinate axis information as the strain sensors as loose devices, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate; determining the cause of looseness of the loose device according to the mode order and the preset comparison table, where the preset comparison table includes multiple mode orders and the reasons for the looseness of the fixing device corresponding to each mode order.

[0074] It should be noted that when determining the looseness monitoring result, it can also be determined by calculating the curvature. Since the following conversion formula of curvature can be obtained according to the relationship among curvature, strain, and the distance from the measuring point to the neutral axis (center of the circle) in material mechanics:

[0075]

[0076] Wherein, represents the curvature, represents the strain, represents the distance from the measuring point to the neutral axis (center of the circle).

[0077] Therefore, in the case of obtaining the target strain mode shape matrix, the corresponding initial curvature mode can be calculated according to the target strain mode shape matrix.

[0078] Specifically, after obtaining the initial curvature mode, the first standard curvature mode in the first acquisition period and the second standard curvature mode in the second acquisition period in a certain target area can be obtained, and the first deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode and the second standard curvature mode can be calculated. The calculation formula can be as follows:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, is the first deviation degree matrix, is the first standard curvature mode, is the second standard curvature mode.

[0081] Furthermore, it is also necessary to calculate the second deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode and the initial curvature mode. The calculation formula can be as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, is the second deviation degree matrix, is the first standard curvature mode, is the initial curvature mode.

[0084] Furthermore, the absolute value of the difference between the first deviation degree matrix and the second deviation degree matrix can be calculated by the following formula to obtain the target deviation degree matrix.

[0085]

[0086] Among them, is the target deviation degree matrix.

[0087] After obtaining the target deviation degree matrix, it is possible to determine whether there are elements in the target deviation degree matrix that are greater than the second preset threshold. In the case where there are elements greater than the second preset threshold, it indicates that the value of a certain element is relatively large. At this time, it can be determined that the mode in the target mode matrix corresponding to this element is greater than the mode in the standard mode matrix, that is, the mode data has a large difference from the standard value. Then, it can be determined that the strain data collected by the strain sensor corresponding to this element is abnormal, and it is determined that there is a bolt loosening situation in the flange detected by this strain sensor.

[0088] It should be noted that since the detection results of bolt loosening may be inconsistent under different modal orders, therefore, the possible causes of bolt loosening can be determined according to the modal order of the target strain mode matrix with abnormal detection results, and can be determined through a preset comparison table. Thus, when the loosened bolt is determined, the possible causes of bolt loosening can also be determined, improving the accuracy, efficiency, and convenience of bolt monitoring.

[0089] In this embodiment, by calculating the target deviation degree matrix, the difference between the loosening situation of the bolts on the flange of the current single-pole tower and the loosening situation of the bolts on the flange of the standard single-pole tower is determined, and then it is determined whether there is a bolt loosening situation on the flange of the current single-pole tower, ensuring the accuracy of the loosening situation monitoring.

[0090] Optionally, in the method for monitoring the looseness of a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application, determining the initial curvature mode set of the target areas where each group of strain sensors is located according to the M target strain mode matrix sets includes: for the initial curvature mode of any target area, obtaining the target strain mode matrix set within the target area and obtaining the average inner diameter of the target device; dividing each target strain mode matrix in the target strain mode matrix set by the average inner diameter to obtain the initial curvature mode set.

[0091] Specifically, when calculating the initial curvature mode according to the target strain mode matrix, since the following conversion formula for curvature can be obtained according to the relationship among curvature, strain, and the distance from the measuring point to the neutral axis (center of the circle) in mechanics of materials:

[0092]

[0093] where, represents curvature, represents strain, represents the distance from the measuring point to the neutral axis (center of the circle).

[0094] It should be noted that since there may be differences in the inner diameters of single-pipe towers, the inner diameter d can be accurately determined by calculating the average inner diameter, thereby ensuring the accuracy of curvature calculation.

[0095] In this embodiment, the average inner diameter is measured, and the target strain mode matrix is calculated as the initial curvature mode through the average inner diameter, so as to ensure that subsequent calculation operations can be performed according to the accurate initial curvature mode.

[0096] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0097] The embodiments of the present application also provide a device for monitoring the looseness of a fixing device. It should be noted that the device for monitoring the looseness of a fixing device in the embodiments of the present application can be used to execute the method for monitoring the looseness of a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application. The following introduces the device for monitoring the looseness of a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0098] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the device for monitoring the looseness of a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, the device includes: a collection unit 41, a calculation unit 42, and a first acquisition unit 43.

[0099] The acquisition unit 41 is configured to acquire strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on the target device within the first acquisition period according to a preset acquisition frequency, so as to obtain M sets of strain data. Among them, a fixing device is configured on the connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H groups of strain data acquired by the same group of strain sensors at different acquisition times.

[0100] The calculation unit 42 is configured to calculate the strain mode matrix of each set of strain data, so as to obtain M sets of target strain mode matrix sets. Among them, each set of target strain mode matrix sets includes target strain mode matrices under N modal orders.

[0101] The first acquisition unit 43 is configured to acquire a set of standard strain mode matrix sets of the strain sensors in each target area, and compare the set of target strain mode matrices and the set of standard strain mode matrices in the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device.

[0102] The loosening monitoring device for the fixing device provided by the embodiment of the present application, through the acquisition unit 41 acquires the strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on the target device within the first acquisition period according to a preset acquisition frequency, so as to obtain M sets of strain data. Among them, a fixing device is configured on the connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H groups of strain data acquired by the same group of strain sensors at different acquisition times; the calculation unit 42 calculates the strain mode matrix of each set of strain data, so as to obtain M sets of target strain mode matrix sets. Among them, each set of target strain mode matrix sets includes target strain mode matrices under N modal orders; the first acquisition unit 43 acquires a set of standard strain mode matrix sets of the strain sensors in each target area, and compares the set of target strain mode matrices and the set of standard strain mode matrices in the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device. It solves the problem that the efficiency of manually detecting the loosening of the fixing device in the communication infrastructure equipment in the related art is relatively low. By setting the strain sensors and calculating the strain mode matrix according to the strain values of the strain sensors, and then determining the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device according to the strain mode matrix, the technical effect of improving the accuracy of the loosening monitoring of the fixing device is achieved.

[0103] Optionally, in the loosening monitoring device for a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the strain sensors are arranged in the following manner: a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain the cross-section where the connecting device provided on the target device is located, and obtain P reference cross-sections; a first determining unit, configured to determine a target cross-section on the target device according to each reference cross-section, and obtain P target cross-sections, where each target cross-section corresponds to a reference cross-section respectively, and the distance between the target cross-section and the corresponding reference cross-section is a preset distance; a second determining unit, configured to generate a rectangular coordinate system with the center of the target cross-section as the origin, and determine the positions where the rectangular coordinate system intersects the outer wall of the target device as preset positions, obtain a plurality of preset positions, and arrange a strain sensor at each preset position.

[0104] Optionally, in the loosening monitoring device for a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the strain sensors are grouped in the following manner: a third obtaining unit, configured to obtain the coordinate axis information of each strain sensor, and group the strain sensors with the same coordinate axis information into one group, and obtain M groups of strain sensors, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate.

[0105] Optionally, in the loosening monitoring device for a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the calculation unit 42 includes: a first determining module, configured to determine the value of the modal order N for each set of strain data; a first calculating module, configured to input the value of N and the set of strain data into a stochastic subspace algorithm model, and calculate each set of strain data through the stochastic subspace algorithm to obtain an initial set of strain mode shape matrices; a second calculating module, configured to perform normalization processing on the matrices in the initial set of strain mode shape matrices to obtain a target set of strain mode shape matrices.

[0106] Optionally, in the loosening monitoring device for a fixing device provided in the embodiments of the present application, the first obtaining unit 43 includes: a third calculating module, configured to calculate, for any one modal order, the mode shape difference between the target strain mode shape matrix and the standard strain mode shape matrix under the modal order in the same target area, to obtain a difference matrix; a first judging module, configured to judge whether there is a difference element greater than a first preset threshold in the difference matrix; a second determining module, configured to, when there is a difference element greater than the first preset threshold, determine the strain sensor corresponding to the difference element, and determine the connecting device corresponding to the strain sensor as an abnormal connecting device, and determine the fixing device on the abnormal connecting device with the same coordinate axis information as the strain sensor as a loosened device, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate; a third determining module, configured to determine the loosening reason of the loosened device according to the modal order and a preset comparison table, where the preset comparison table includes a plurality of modal orders and the fixing device loosening reasons corresponding to each modal order.

[0107] Optionally, in the loosening monitoring device for fixing devices provided in the embodiments of the present application, the first acquisition unit 43 includes: a fourth determination module, configured to determine an initial curvature mode set of the target regions where each group of strain sensors is located according to the M target strain mode matrix sets, so as to obtain M initial curvature mode sets, where the M initial curvature mode sets include the initial curvature mode matrices corresponding to the strain mode matrices at each mode order; a fourth calculation module, configured to calculate, for any one mode order, a first deviation degree matrix between a first standard curvature mode in a first acquisition period and a second standard curvature mode in a second acquisition period in the same target region; a fifth calculation module, configured to calculate a second deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode and the initial curvature mode; a sixth calculation module, configured to calculate an absolute value of a difference between the first deviation degree matrix and the second deviation degree matrix to obtain a target deviation degree matrix; a second determination module, configured to determine whether there is an element greater than a second preset threshold in the target deviation degree matrix; a fifth determination module, configured to, when there is an element greater than the second preset threshold, determine the strain sensor corresponding to the element, and determine the connection device corresponding to the strain sensor as an abnormal connection device, and determine the fixing device on the abnormal connection device having the same coordinate axis information as the strain sensor as a loosening device, where the coordinate axis information includes an abscissa and an ordinate; a sixth determination module, configured to determine the loosening cause of the loosening device according to the mode order and a preset comparison table, where the preset comparison table includes a plurality of mode orders and the loosening causes of the fixing devices corresponding to each mode order.

[0108] Optionally, in the loosening monitoring device for fixing devices provided in the embodiments of the present application, the fourth determination module includes: an acquisition sub-module, configured to, for the initial curvature mode of any one target region, acquire a target strain mode matrix set in the target region and acquire the average inner diameter of the target device; a calculation sub-module, configured to divide each target strain mode matrix in the target strain mode matrix set by the average inner diameter to obtain the initial curvature mode set.

[0109] The above-mentioned loosening monitoring device for fixing devices includes a processor and a memory. The above-mentioned acquisition unit 41, calculation unit 42, first acquisition unit 43, etc. are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above-mentioned program units stored in the memory to implement corresponding functions.

[0110] The processor includes a kernel, and the kernel retrieves the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and by adjusting the kernel parameters, the problem of low efficiency in manually detecting the loosening of fixing devices in communication infrastructure equipment in the related art is solved.

[0111] The memory may include non-permanent memory in the form of computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0112] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the loosening monitoring method of the fixing device is implemented.

[0113] An embodiment of the present invention provides a processor, which is used to run a program, and when the program runs, the loosening monitoring method of the fixing device is executed.

[0114] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device. The electronic device 50 includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the steps of the above-mentioned loosening monitoring method of the fixing device are implemented. The device herein may be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.

[0115] The present application also provides a computer program product, which is suitable for executing a program that initializes the steps of the above-mentioned loosening monitoring method of the fixing device when executed on a data processing device.

[0116] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0117] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate a device for implementing the functions specified in Figure 1 one process or multiple processes and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0118] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufacture including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more of the processes and / or blocks Figure 1 in one or more of the processes and / or blocks Figure 1 in one or more of the blocks

[0119] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that a series of operational steps are performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the processes and / or blocks Figure 1 in one or more of the processes and / or blocks Figure 1 in one or more of the blocks

[0120] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), an input / output interface, a network interface, and memory.

[0121] The memory may include non-permanent memory in the form of computer-readable media, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0122] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media implemented by any method or technology for storage of information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0123] It should also be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device comprising the element.

[0124] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the looseness of a fixing device, characterized in that, Including: Collecting strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on the target device during the first collection period according to a preset collection frequency, obtaining M sets of strain data. Among them, a fixing device is configured on the connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H groups of strain data collected by the same group of strain sensors at different collection moments. M and H are positive integers; Calculating the strain mode shape matrix of each set of strain data, obtaining M sets of target strain mode shape matrix sets. Among them, each set of target strain mode shape matrix sets includes target strain mode shape matrices under N modal orders. N is a positive integer; Obtaining a set of standard strain mode shape matrices of a group of strain sensors in each target area, and comparing the set of target strain mode shape matrices and the set of standard strain mode shape matrices under the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The strain sensors are arranged in the following manner: Obtaining the cross-sections where the connecting devices arranged on the target device are located, obtaining P reference cross-sections; Determining the target cross-sections on the target device according to each reference cross-section, obtaining P target cross-sections. Among them, each target cross-section corresponds to a reference cross-section respectively, and the distance between the target cross-section and the corresponding reference cross-section is a preset distance. P is a positive integer; Generating a rectangular coordinate system with the center of the target cross-section as the origin, and determining the positions where the rectangular coordinate system intersects the outer wall of the target device as preset positions, obtaining multiple preset positions, and arranging a strain sensor at each preset position.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The strain sensors are grouped in the following manner: Obtaining the coordinate axis information of each strain sensor, and grouping the strain sensors with the same coordinate axis information into one group, obtaining M groups of strain sensors. Among them, the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating the strain mode shape matrix of each set of strain data, obtaining M sets of target strain mode shape matrix sets including: For each set of strain data, determining the value of the modal order N; Inputting the value of N and the set of strain data into the random subspace algorithm model, and calculating each set of strain data through the random subspace algorithm to obtain an initial set of strain mode shape matrices; Normalizing the matrices in the initial set of strain mode shape matrices to obtain the set of target strain mode shape matrices.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Comparing the set of target strain mode shape matrices and the set of standard strain mode shape matrices under the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device including: For any modal order, calculating the mode shape difference between the target strain mode shape matrix and the standard strain mode shape matrix under the same modal order in the same target area to obtain a difference matrix; Judging whether there are difference elements greater than the first preset threshold in the difference matrix; In the case where there are difference elements greater than the first preset threshold, determine the strain sensors corresponding to the difference elements, determine the connecting devices corresponding to the strain sensors as abnormal connecting devices, and determine the fixing devices on the abnormal connecting devices with the same coordinate axis information as the strain sensors as loose devices, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate; Determine the loosening cause of the loose device according to the modal order and the preset comparison table, where the preset comparison table includes multiple modal orders and the fixing device loosening causes corresponding to each modal order.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Compare the target strain mode matrix set and the standard strain mode matrix set in the same target area, and the obtained loosening monitoring result of the fixing device includes: According to the M target strain mode matrix sets, determine the initial curvature mode sets of the target areas where each group of strain sensors are located, and obtain M initial curvature mode sets, where the M initial curvature mode sets include the initial curvature mode matrices corresponding to the strain mode matrices at each modal order; For any modal order, calculate the first deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode in the first acquisition period and the second standard curvature mode in the second acquisition period in the same target area; Calculate the second deviation degree matrix between the first standard curvature mode and the initial curvature mode; Calculate the absolute value of the difference between the first deviation degree matrix and the second deviation degree matrix to obtain the target deviation degree matrix; Judge whether there are elements greater than the second preset threshold in the target deviation degree matrix; In the case where there are elements greater than the second preset threshold, determine the strain sensors corresponding to the elements, determine the connecting devices corresponding to the strain sensors as abnormal connecting devices, and determine the fixing devices on the abnormal connecting devices with the same coordinate axis information as the strain sensors as loose devices, where the coordinate axis information includes the abscissa and the ordinate; Determine the loosening cause of the loose device according to the modal order and the preset comparison table, where the preset comparison table includes multiple modal orders and the fixing device loosening causes corresponding to each modal order.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein Determining the initial curvature mode set of the target area where each group of strain sensors are located according to the M target strain mode matrix sets includes: For the initial curvature mode of any target area, obtain the target strain mode matrix set in the target area and obtain the average inner diameter of the target device; Divide each target strain mode matrix in the target strain mode matrix set by the average inner diameter to obtain the initial curvature mode set.

8. A loosening monitoring device for a fixing device, characterized in that, Includes: The acquisition unit is configured to acquire strain data sent by each group of strain sensors on the target device within a first acquisition period according to a preset acquisition frequency, so as to obtain M sets of strain data. Among them, a fixing device is configured on the connecting device of the target device, the strain sensors are arranged at preset positions of the target device, each group of strain sensors is located in the same target area, and each set of strain data includes H groups of strain data acquired by the same group of strain sensors at different acquisition moments. M and H are positive integers; The calculation unit is configured to calculate the strain mode matrix of each set of strain data, so as to obtain M sets of target strain mode matrix sets. Among them, each set of target strain mode matrix sets includes target strain mode matrices at N modal orders, and N is a positive integer; The first acquisition unit is configured to acquire a set of standard strain mode matrix sets of a group of strain sensors in each target area, and compare the set of target strain mode matrixes and the set of standard strain mode matrixes in the same target area to obtain the loosening monitoring result of the fixing device.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes an executable program stored therein. When the executable program runs, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the loosening monitoring method of the fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, Including: A memory storing an executable program; A processor configured to run the program. When the program runs, it executes the loosening monitoring method of the fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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