Real-time monitoring and early warning method of building vibration based on communication optical fiber

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of communication early warning technology, and in particular to a real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber. The method comprises selecting a communication optical fiber, striking a building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting vibration signals generated by striking each branch point, and recording the vibration time and location of each branch point. A preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location is established through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal; the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location is corrected through delayed attenuation hybrid positioning, and the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location is confirmed; the optical fiber signal in the building is monitored in real time and analyzed to see if it is an abnormal optical fiber signal. Based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located and an early warning is issued. The present application can promptly identify possible illegal decoration behaviors, thereby effectively preventing building safety hazards.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication early warning technology, and in particular to a real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of communication technology and construction engineering, most modern buildings have been extensively equipped with fiber optic networks, primarily to meet data transmission needs. Structural safety is crucial in these buildings, as it not only affects the overall stability of the building but also directly impacts the daily lives of residents.

[0003] However, illegal renovations, such as those described above, often occur in buildings, such as demolishing load-bearing walls, enlarging openings, or performing other destructive construction. These types of illegal renovations can seriously impact the structural safety of buildings and potentially lead to safety incidents. Currently, problems are typically discovered through manual inspections or post-hoc analysis after illegal renovations are completed or after safety hazards have already occurred. This is a post-hoc response approach that makes it difficult to prevent building safety risks in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a real-time building vibration monitoring and early warning method based on communication optical fibers. This method can monitor abnormal optical fiber signals in buildings in real time, locate the source of abnormal vibrations, trigger an early warning, and promptly identify possible illegal renovations, thereby effectively preventing building safety hazards. This application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber, the method comprising:

[0006] A communication optical fiber is selected in the building, and a laser and a receiving module are arranged on the communication optical fiber, wherein the laser and the receiving module work together to collect optical fiber signals;

[0007] knocking on the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting vibration signals generated by the knocking of each branch point, and recording the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point, wherein the vibration signals of each branch point are different;

[0008] Through time synchronization and feature comparison between optical fiber signals and vibration signals, a preliminary calibration relationship between optical fiber signals and vibration locations is established;

[0009] Correcting the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location by delay-attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location;

[0010] The optical fiber signal in the building is monitored in real time and analyzed to see if it is an abnormal optical fiber signal. If an abnormal optical fiber signal occurs, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, and an early warning is issued.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, selecting a communication optical fiber in a building includes:

[0012] The communication optical fiber with the largest coverage in the building is selected as the monitoring trunk optical fiber.

[0013] In a specific embodiment, the tapping of the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting the vibration signal generated by the tapping of each branch point, and recording the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point include:

[0014] For each branch point of the communication optical fiber, the tapping intensity and frequency of each branch point are adjusted so that the vibration signal generated by tapping at each branch point has different physical characteristics;

[0015] The building is struck at each branch point of the selected communication optical fiber, and the vibration signal generated by the striking is collected by an acceleration sensor;

[0016] Combining the networking function and the time synchronization module, the vibration time and vibration location of each time are recorded in real time, and the time synchronization information is transmitted to the receiving module.

[0017] In a specific embodiment, establishing a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal includes:

[0018] When the selected communication optical fiber is struck, the receiving module synchronously collects the optical fiber signal generated by the vibration in the communication optical fiber;

[0019] Use time synchronization information to confirm the vibration signal and optical fiber signal generated at the same time, and compare whether the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and optical fiber signal generated at the same time are consistent;

[0020] If the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal are consistent, a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location recorded by the vibration signal is established.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, the method of correcting the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location by delay-attenuation hybrid positioning and confirming the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location includes:

[0022] The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse within the time window of each tap or excitation is calculated;

[0023] Combining the delay and attenuation information, the positioning distance x is calculated as follows:

[0024]

[0025] v g =c / n

[0026] Among them, v g is the group velocity in the optical fiber, which is obtained by dividing the vacuum light speed c by the optical fiber refractive index n; k is the attenuation correction coefficient obtained through on-site calibration; A0 is the standard peak value during calibration, and A is the real-time peak value during operation;

[0027] Calculate the positioning error δ i as follows:

[0028] δ i =|x―L i |

[0029] Among them, L i is the axial distance of the branch point i on the optical fiber, and the calculated positioning error δ i Compare with the preset error, if the positioning error δ i If the positioning error is less than or equal to the preset error, the optical fiber signal is confirmed to correspond to the branch point i; if the positioning error is δ i If the error is greater than the preset error, the corresponding branch point j of the optical fiber signal is reconfirmed according to the maximum likelihood method as follows:

[0030] j = argmin k δ k

[0031] The error value δ corresponding to all branch points k k In , the number j of the branch point with the smallest error is selected, and it is considered that the position corresponding to this number is most consistent with the current hybrid positioning result.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the calculating of the round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse within the time window of each tap or stimulation comprises:

[0033] The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse is calculated using the cross-correlation function as follows:

[0034]

[0035] Where S(t) is the scattered signal collected by the receiving module in the time window [T0, T1], R(t) is the reference pulse injected by the laser during the excitation phase, and τ is the time offset.

[0036] In a specific possible implementation scheme, the real-time monitoring of optical fiber signals in a building and analyzing whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals, if abnormal optical fiber signals are present, locating the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and issuing an early warning includes:

[0037] Extract features from the optical fiber signal collected in real time, compare the extracted features with the features of the normal vibration signal, and identify whether there is abnormal vibration by checking whether the difference in signal features exceeds a preset threshold. If abnormal vibration is detected, it is determined that an abnormal optical fiber signal has occurred.

[0038] By using the established final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is associated with the location of the abnormal vibration source;

[0039] An alarm is automatically triggered and the location of the abnormal vibration source and the abnormal optical fiber signal analysis results are sent to the management department for processing and intervention through the networking module.

[0040] In a second aspect, the present application provides a real-time monitoring and early warning system for building vibration based on communication optical fiber, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0041] A real-time monitoring and early warning system for building vibration based on communication optical fiber, comprising:

[0042] A communication fiber optic placement module is used to select a communication fiber in a building, and to set a laser and a receiving module on the communication fiber. The laser and the receiving module work together to collect fiber optic signals.

[0043] a vibration signal generating module, configured to strike the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collect vibration signals generated by the striking of each branch point, and record the vibration time and location of each branch point, wherein the vibration signals of each branch point are different;

[0044] A calibration relationship establishment module is used to establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal;

[0045] a calibration relationship correction module, configured to correct the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location by delay-attenuation hybrid positioning, and confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location;

[0046] The real-time monitoring and early warning module is used to monitor the optical fiber signals in the building in real time and analyze whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals. If abnormal optical fiber signals appear, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, and an early warning is issued.

[0047] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory; the memory stores a program, which is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber as described in the first aspect.

[0048] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a program is stored. When the program is executed by a processor, it is used to implement a real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber as described in the first aspect.

[0049] In summary, the beneficial effects of this application include at least:

[0050] 1) This application leverages the building's existing fiber optic communication network, eliminating the need for additional sensor fiber installations and significantly reducing system construction costs. By transforming fiber optic infrastructure, which already covers every area of ​​the building, into a vibration monitoring medium, the system maximizes the efficiency of existing resources and avoids unnecessary hardware investment.

[0051] 2) By placing a receiving module within the building's communication fiber and combining it with a calibration method, the system can establish a highly accurate correspondence between vibration signals and spatial locations within the building. Each vibration point corresponds to a unique fiber signal signature. When the system detects an abnormal signal, it can precisely locate the specific vibration source, allowing it to quickly identify potential renovation violations and improve the accuracy and response speed of abnormal event detection.

[0052] 3) Implementation of this system requires no major building renovation or excavation, requiring only minimal equipment installation over existing communication fiber. The laser, receiver module, and other equipment are quick and easy to set up, offering strong adaptability and easy integration into existing building structures. This minimizes disruption to residents and daily building operations, while avoiding the high costs and complex construction associated with traditional monitoring systems.

[0053] By utilizing the existing communication fiber optic network, after installing a laser and receiving module on a pre-selected communication fiber, the communication fiber is tapped to collect the different vibration signals generated by tapping at each branch point on the communication fiber. The vibration time and location of each branch point are recorded. Subsequently, through time synchronization and feature comparison between the fiber signal and the vibration signal, a preliminary calibration relationship between the fiber signal and the vibration location is established. The preliminary calibration relationship between the fiber signal and the vibration location is then corrected through delayed attenuation hybrid positioning. By double comparison with the preliminary calibration position and using the error minimization principle, false alarms caused by mismatching and noise interference can be effectively reduced. Finally, the building is monitored in real time for abnormal fiber optic signals. If an abnormal fiber optic signal occurs, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal fiber optic signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the fiber signal and the vibration location. Compared with the existing technology's post-response to illegal building renovations, this system can monitor abnormal fiber optic signals in buildings in real time and, by locating the location of the abnormal vibration source and triggering an early warning, promptly identify possible illegal renovations, thereby effectively preventing building safety hazards.

[0054] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the real-time monitoring and early warning method of building vibration based on communication optical fiber in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the real-time monitoring and early warning system for building vibration based on communication optical fiber in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of an electronic device for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0059] Optionally, the present application uses the real-time monitoring and early warning method of building vibration based on communication optical fiber provided in each embodiment as an example for use in an electronic device, where the electronic device is a terminal or a server. The terminal can be a mobile phone, a computer, a tablet computer, etc. This embodiment does not limit the type of electronic device.

[0060] Reference Figure 1, is a flow chart of a method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present application, the method comprising at least the following steps:

[0061] Step S101: Select a communication optical fiber in a building, set a laser and a receiving module on the communication optical fiber, and the laser and the receiving module work together to realize the collection of optical fiber signals.

[0062] During implementation, the communication fiber with the largest coverage within a building is first selected as the monitoring backbone fiber. This ensures that the communication fiber can detect as many vibration signals as possible within the building. A laser and a receiver module are then installed at one end of the selected communication fiber. The laser injects a high-intensity, narrow-bandwidth optical signal into the communication fiber, acting as the excitation source for the optical fiber signal. As the optical signal propagates through the fiber, external factors such as vibration or strain cause changes in the fiber's microstructure, generating phenomena such as Rayleigh and Brillouin scattering. The scattered light signal contains information about the changes in physical quantities experienced by the communication fiber and returns through the fiber to the receiver module installed at the same end. The receiver module captures the returned scattered light signal and converts it into an electrical signal, which becomes the optical fiber signal. Changes in the optical fiber signal reflect changes in external physical quantities distributed along the communication fiber, such as vibration amplitude and frequency. A signal processing unit then uses time-domain reflectometry or frequency-domain analysis to analyze the intensity, frequency, or phase characteristics of the optical fiber signal, thereby extracting information related to vibration, ultimately achieving optical fiber signal acquisition and vibration signature detection.

[0063] Optionally, the receiving module in this application is a high-sensitivity light detector.

[0064] Step S102: tapping the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting vibration signals generated by tapping each branch point, and recording the vibration time and location of each branch point. The vibration signals of each branch point are different.

[0065] During implementation, the operator uses a handheld vibration excitation device to knock on the wall or floor of the building in turn at each branch point of the selected communication optical fiber, and collects the vibration signal generated by the knocking through an acceleration sensor. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the vibration signal generated at each branch point is different.

[0066] Specifically, a pre-planned tapping scheme is designed for each branch point of the communication fiber. By adjusting the tapping intensity and frequency at each branch point, the vibration signal generated at each branch point has different physical characteristics, such as signal frequency, waveform, or amplitude. Simultaneously, combined with networking capabilities and a high-precision time synchronization module, the time and location of each vibration are recorded in real time and the time synchronization information is transmitted to the receiving module.

[0067] Optionally, in the present application, the branching points of the communication optical fiber are allocated based on households in a building, that is, each branching point of the communication optical fiber represents a household in the building.

[0068] Step S103: Establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal.

[0069] In step S103, when the operator taps the selected communication optical fiber, the receiving module synchronously collects the optical fiber signal generated by the vibration in the communication optical fiber, confirms the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal generated in the same time window through time synchronization information, and compares the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal generated in the same time window to see if they are consistent, such as whether the signal frequency, waveform and amplitude are the same. If the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal are consistent, since the vibration location corresponding to the vibration signal has been recorded before, a calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location corresponding to the vibration signal is established. The above operations ultimately establish a preliminary calibration relationship between all optical fiber signals and vibration locations.

[0070] It should be noted that one fiber optic signal can correspond to one vibration location because each fiber optic branch point has a unique position in the building. By knocking on the building at each branch point to generate a vibration signal, the vibration will cause changes in the microstructure of the fiber optic, thereby triggering a specific scattering phenomenon in the fiber optic. Due to the different physical positions of the fiber optic branch points, the vibration signals generated have different characteristics (such as frequency, amplitude, and waveform). Therefore, by time synchronization and comparing the characteristics of the vibration signal and the fiber optic signal, a preliminary calibration relationship between the fiber optic signal and the specific vibration location can be established, thereby achieving accurate positioning of the vibration source.

[0071] Step S104: Correct the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delay-attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location.

[0072] In step S104, after completing the preliminary calibration, the time window [T0, T1] within which each tap or excitation occurs is known, namely, the start and end times recorded by the high-precision time synchronization module. For example, when an operator taps a fiber branch point, the high-precision time synchronization module records the start and end times of the event. The scattered light signal collected by the receiving module and the reference pulse injected by the laser during the excitation phase within the time window [T0, T1] are then extracted. The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse is calculated using a cross-correlation function as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Where S(t) is the scattered signal collected by the receiving module within the time window [T0, T1], R(t) is the reference pulse injected by the laser during the excitation phase, and τ is the time offset. The above formula involves sliding the reference pulse R(t) backward or forward on the time axis to determine which alignment within the same time window maximizes the product integral of the reference pulse R(t) and the scattered signal S(t). Finally, the time offset τ that maximizes the integral corresponds to the round-trip delay between the emission of the excitation light and the optimal alignment with the scattered signal. Because all data are recorded using the same time reference, the physical meaning of the round-trip delay Δt is the total time it takes for light to travel from the injection point to the scattering point and back to the detector.

[0075] After calculating the round-trip delay Δt, the scattered signal S(t) collected by the receiving module is envelope-checked. Specifically, the absolute value is taken and low-pass filtered to obtain the envelope curve E(t). The current amplitude A is obtained by taking the maximum value of the envelope curve within the time window [T0, T1]. During the initial calibration phase, a standard excitation of uniform energy (e.g., a handheld impactor of the same size and pattern) is applied to each branch point. The receiving module then collects the scattered signal within the time window of this known excitation. This signal is envelope-processed and its peak value is taken to obtain the reference amplitude A0 for that branch point. A0 is a baseline value measured under controllable and repeatable standard conditions. During subsequent real-time operation, each time a new scattered signal envelope peak value A is collected, it is compared with the previously recorded A0. A0 is the standard peak value during calibration, while A is the real-time peak value during operation. Since the two values ​​differ, attenuation correction can be performed based on their ratio.

[0076] Then, combining the delay and attenuation information, the positioning distance x is calculated as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, v g is the group velocity in the optical fiber, which is obtained by dividing the vacuum light speed c by the optical fiber refractive index n; k is the attenuation correction coefficient obtained through field calibration, For traditional delay positioning, it is equal to the round-trip distance of light in the optical fiber divided by 2; It is a correction term that fine-tunes the delay positioning based on the ratio of the current scattering amplitude to the reference amplitude through the attenuation correction coefficient to eliminate the delay error caused by fiber loss or multipath scattering.

[0079] Finally, calculate the positioning error δ i as follows:

[0080] δ i =|x―L i |

[0081] Among them, L i is the axial distance of the branch point i on the optical fiber. The calculated positioning error δ i Compare with the preset error, if the positioning error δ i If the positioning error is less than or equal to the preset error, it is confirmed that the optical fiber signal corresponds to the branch point i. i If the error is greater than the preset error, the corresponding branch point j of the optical fiber signal is reconfirmed according to the maximum likelihood method as follows:

[0082] j = argmin k δ k

[0083] The error value δ corresponding to all branch points k k The branch point number j with the smallest error is selected, and the position corresponding to this number is considered to be the most consistent with the current hybrid positioning result. The preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location of all branch points is corrected in the above manner to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location.

[0084] In practice, the hybrid positioning and maximum likelihood confirmation method has the following advantages: First, traditional time-delay positioning is expected to only provide a rough position at the branch level. After adding attenuation correction, the formula can automatically compensate for the time-delay deviation caused by local fiber loss and multipath scattering, so that the positioning accuracy is improved to the meter level or even better; second, through double comparison with the preliminary calibration position and the use of the error minimization principle, false alarms caused by mismatching and noise interference can be effectively reduced; finally, when there are multiple suspicious branches, the maximum likelihood method can quickly and automatically select the most likely vibration location, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system in long-term operation.

[0085] Through the above-mentioned delay-attenuation hybrid positioning correction mechanism, the present application can significantly suppress positioning errors introduced by factors such as uneven optical fiber laying, local coupling changes, or long-term environmental drift, ensuring high-precision and high-robust vibration anomaly detection and positioning capabilities during long-term operation in complex building environments.

[0086] Step S105: monitor the optical fiber signal in the building in real time and analyze whether it is an abnormal optical fiber signal. If an abnormal optical fiber signal occurs, locate the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and issue an early warning.

[0087] During implementation, the optical fiber signals in the building are first monitored in real time to analyze whether there are any abnormal optical fiber signals. Specifically, the optical fiber signals collected in real time are subjected to feature extraction, such as signal amplitude, frequency, or waveform, and the extracted features are compared with the features of normal vibration signals. The presence of abnormal vibration is determined by whether the difference in signal features exceeds a preset threshold. If abnormal vibration is detected, it is determined that an abnormal optical fiber signal has appeared, indicating that illegal renovation may have occurred. Subsequently, the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location established previously is linked to the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal, thereby accurately locating the location of the abnormal vibration source. Finally, an alarm is automatically triggered and the location of the abnormal vibration source and the analysis results of the abnormal optical fiber signal are sent to the management department for processing and intervention through the networking module.

[0088] In summary, the present application utilizes the existing communication fiber optic network, installs a laser and a receiving module on a pre-selected communication fiber, and taps on the communication fiber to collect the different vibration signals generated by tapping each branch point on the communication fiber, and records the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point. Subsequently, through time synchronization and feature comparison between the fiber optic signal and the vibration signal, a preliminary calibration relationship between the fiber optic signal and the vibration location is established, and then the preliminary calibration relationship between the fiber optic signal and the vibration location is corrected by delayed attenuation hybrid positioning. By double comparison with the preliminary calibration position and using the error minimization principle, false alarms caused by mismatching and noise interference can be effectively reduced. Finally, whether abnormal fiber optic signals appear in the building in real time, if abnormal fiber optic signals appear, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal fiber optic signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the fiber optic signal and the vibration location. Compared with the prior art's post-response to illegal building decoration behavior, it can monitor the abnormal fiber optic signals in the building in real time, and by locating the location of the abnormal vibration source and triggering an early warning, it can promptly identify possible illegal decoration behavior, thereby effectively preventing building safety hazards.

[0089] During implementation, the existing communication fiber optic network within the building was utilized, eliminating the need to lay additional sensor fiber, significantly reducing system construction costs. Communication fiber, as an infrastructure, already covers every area of ​​the building. By transforming it into a medium for vibration monitoring, the system maximizes the efficiency of existing resources and avoids unnecessary hardware investment. Furthermore, no large-scale building renovation or excavation is required; only a small amount of equipment installation is required on the existing communication fiber. The setup process for equipment such as the laser and receiving module is simple and quick, with strong adaptability, and can be easily integrated into the existing building structure, reducing interference with residents or daily building operations and avoiding the high costs and complex construction issues that can accompany traditional monitoring systems.

[0090] Furthermore, this application offers excellent scalability, allowing for the integration of other fiber optic sensing modules, such as temperature and deformation sensors, as needed to expand monitoring capabilities and achieve multi-dimensional building safety monitoring. This modular design allows the solution to adapt to diverse building safety requirements, facilitates future upgrades and functional expansion, and ensures the long-term applicability and sustainable development of the technology.

[0091] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of a real-time monitoring and early warning system for building vibration based on communication optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present application. The system includes at least the following modules:

[0092] The communication fiber layout module is used to select the communication fiber in the building, set the laser and receiving module on the communication fiber, and the laser and receiving module work together to realize the acquisition of the fiber signal;

[0093] A vibration signal generating module is used to knock on the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collect the vibration signal generated by the knocking at each branch point, and record the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point, wherein the vibration signal of each branch point is different;

[0094] A calibration relationship establishment module is used to establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal;

[0095] The calibration relationship correction module is used to correct the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delay attenuation hybrid positioning, and confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location;

[0096] The real-time monitoring and early warning module is used to monitor the optical fiber signals in the building in real time and analyze whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals. If abnormal optical fiber signals appear, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, and an early warning is issued.

[0097] For relevant details, please refer to the above method embodiment.

[0098] Figure 3 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application. The device includes at least a processor 301 and a memory 302.

[0099] The processor 301 may include one or more processing cores, such as a quad-core processor or an octa-core processor. The processor 301 may be implemented in at least one of the following hardware forms: a DSP (Digital Signal Processing), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or a PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 301 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the awake state, also known as a CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 301 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 301 may also include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, which is used to handle computing operations related to machine learning.

[0100] Memory 302 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, which may be non-transitory. Memory 302 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices or flash memory storage devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in memory 302 is used to store at least one instruction, which is executed by processor 301 to implement the real-time building vibration monitoring and early warning method based on communication optical fiber provided in the method embodiments of this application.

[0101] In some embodiments, the electronic device may optionally include a peripheral device interface and at least one peripheral device. The processor 301, memory 302, and peripheral device interface may be connected via a bus or signal lines. Each peripheral device may be connected to the peripheral device interface via a bus, signal lines, or circuit boards. Illustratively, the peripheral devices include, but are not limited to, radio frequency circuitry, a touchscreen display, audio circuitry, and a power supply.

[0102] Of course, the electronic device may also include fewer or more components, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0103] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a program is stored. The program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the real-time monitoring and early warning method of building vibration based on communication optical fiber of the above method embodiment.

[0104] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer product, which includes a computer-readable storage medium, in which a program is stored. The program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the real-time monitoring and early warning method of building vibration based on communication optical fiber of the above-mentioned method embodiment.

[0105] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0106] The above embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art could make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber, characterized in that: The method comprises: A communication optical fiber is selected in the building, and a laser and a receiving module are arranged on the communication optical fiber, wherein the laser and the receiving module work together to collect optical fiber signals; knocking on the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting vibration signals generated by the knocking of each branch point, and recording the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point, wherein the vibration signals of each branch point are different; Through time synchronization and feature comparison between optical fiber signals and vibration signals, a preliminary calibration relationship between optical fiber signals and vibration locations is established; Correcting the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delay-attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location includes: The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse within the time window of each tap or excitation is calculated; Combining the delay and attenuation information, the positioning distance x is calculated as follows: v g =c / n; Among them, v g is the group velocity in the optical fiber, which is obtained by dividing the vacuum light speed c by the optical fiber refractive index n; k is the attenuation correction coefficient obtained through on-site calibration; A0 is the standard peak value during calibration, and A is the real-time peak value during operation; Calculate the positioning error δ i as follows: d i =|xL i |; Among them, L i is the axial distance of the branch point i on the optical fiber, and the calculated positioning error δ i Compare with the preset error, if the positioning error δ i If the positioning error is less than or equal to the preset error, the optical fiber signal is confirmed to correspond to the branch point i; if the positioning error is δ i If the error is greater than the preset error, the corresponding branch point j of the optical fiber signal is reconfirmed according to the maximum likelihood method as follows: j=argmin k d k ; The error value δ corresponding to all branch points k k In , the number j of the branch point with the smallest error is selected, and it is considered that the position corresponding to this number is most consistent with the current hybrid positioning result; The optical fiber signal in the building is monitored in real time and analyzed to see if it is an abnormal optical fiber signal. If an abnormal optical fiber signal occurs, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, and an early warning is issued.

2. The method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The selecting of communication optical fibers in a building comprises: The communication optical fiber with the largest coverage in the building is selected as the monitoring trunk optical fiber.

3. The method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of striking the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting vibration signals generated by striking each branch point, and recording the vibration time and location of each branch point comprises: For each branch point of the communication optical fiber, the tapping intensity and frequency of each branch point are adjusted so that the vibration signal generated by tapping at each branch point has different physical characteristics; The building is struck at each branch point of the selected communication optical fiber, and the vibration signal generated by the striking is collected by an acceleration sensor; Combining the networking function and the time synchronization module, the vibration time and vibration location of each time are recorded in real time, and the time synchronization information is transmitted to the receiving module.

4. The method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The establishment of a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal includes: When the selected communication optical fiber is struck, the receiving module synchronously collects the optical fiber signal generated by the vibration in the communication optical fiber; Use time synchronization information to confirm the vibration signal and optical fiber signal generated at the same time, and compare whether the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and optical fiber signal generated at the same time are consistent; If the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal are consistent, a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location recorded by the vibration signal is established.

5. The method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation of the round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse within the time window of each tap or excitation comprises: The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse is calculated using the cross-correlation function as follows: Where S(t) is the scattered signal collected by the receiving module in the time window [T0, T1], R(t) is the reference pulse injected by the laser during the excitation phase, and τ is the time offset.

6. The method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time monitoring of optical fiber signals in the building and analyzing whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals, if abnormal optical fiber signals are present, locating the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and issuing an early warning includes: Extract features from the optical fiber signal collected in real time, compare the extracted features with the features of the normal vibration signal, and identify whether there is abnormal vibration by checking whether the difference in signal features exceeds a preset threshold. If abnormal vibration is detected, it is determined that an abnormal optical fiber signal has occurred. By using the established final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is associated with the location of the abnormal vibration source; An alarm is automatically triggered and the location of the abnormal vibration source and the abnormal optical fiber signal analysis results are sent to the management department for processing and intervention through the networking module.

7. A real-time monitoring and early warning system for building vibration based on communication optical fiber, characterized in that: include: A communication fiber optic placement module is used to select a communication fiber in a building, and to set a laser and a receiving module on the communication fiber. The laser and the receiving module work together to collect fiber optic signals. a vibration signal generating module, configured to strike the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collect vibration signals generated by the striking of each branch point, and record the vibration time and location of each branch point, wherein the vibration signals of each branch point are different; A calibration relationship establishment module is used to establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal; The calibration relationship correction module is used to correct the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delay attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, including: The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse within the time window of each tap or excitation is calculated; Combining the delay and attenuation information, the positioning distance x is calculated as follows: v g =c / n; Among them, v g is the group velocity in the optical fiber, which is obtained by dividing the vacuum light speed c by the optical fiber refractive index n; k is the attenuation correction coefficient obtained through on-site calibration; A0 is the standard peak value during calibration, and A is the real-time peak value during operation; Calculate the positioning error δ i as follows: d i =|xL i |; Among them, L i is the axial distance of the branch point i on the optical fiber, and the calculated positioning error δ i Compare with the preset error, if the positioning error δ i If the positioning error is less than or equal to the preset error, the optical fiber signal is confirmed to correspond to the branch point i; if the positioning error is δ i If the error is greater than the preset error, the corresponding branch point j of the optical fiber signal is reconfirmed according to the maximum likelihood method as follows: j=argmin k d k ; The error value δ corresponding to all branch points k k In , the number j of the branch point with the smallest error is selected, and it is considered that the position corresponding to this number is most consistent with the current hybrid positioning result; The real-time monitoring and early warning module is used to monitor the optical fiber signals in the building in real time and analyze whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals. If abnormal optical fiber signals appear, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, and an early warning is issued.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device includes a processor and a memory; a program is stored in the memory, and the program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The storage medium stores a program, which, when executed by the processor, is used to implement a real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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