Method, system and medium for measuring transpiration rate of plant leaves

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and system for measuring the transpiration rate of a plant leaf and a medium, and relates to the field of plant physiology and agricultural science, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the water vapor condensation rate and environmental data of a target plant leaf; the water vapor condensation rate is the rate at which water vapor discharged from target plant leaf pores is condensed on the effective measurement area of the flexible electrode; the flexible electrode is fixed on the back surface of a target plant leaf; the environment data comprises the temperature and humidity of the environment where the target plant leaves are located; based on the environment data and the Dalton evaporation law, the water vapor evaporation rate of the target plant leaves is calculated; and respectively multiplying the water vapor condensation rate and the water vapor evaporation rate by corresponding proportionality coefficients, and then summing to determine the transpiration rate of the target plant leaf. According to the invention, nondestructive and continuous measurement of the transpiration rate of the plant leaf can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical fields of plant physiology and agricultural science, and particularly relates to a method, system, and medium for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves. Background Art

[0002] Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor to the external environment through leaf stomata, which is a crucial part of the plant's water transport system. Water is absorbed from the roots, transported through the ducts to the stems and leaves, and finally dissipated into the atmosphere in the form of water vapor through the stomata. The transpiration pull generated by this process helps the rise of water in the plant body and also helps the plant reduce its body temperature and avoid being damaged in a hot environment. Therefore, the measurement of the transpiration rate of plant leaves is crucial for studying the normal growth of plants.

[0003] Traditional methods for measuring the transpiration rate of plants mainly include the porometer method and the weighing method, etc. Although these methods can measure the transpiration rate to a certain extent, there are problems such as affecting the normal growth of plants and being unable to continuously measure. For example, the porometer method requires punching holes or dyeing on the leaves, and the behaviors of punching holes and dyeing undoubtedly damage the original structure of the leaves, which is not conducive to the subsequent normal growth of plants and may cause certain damage to the plants; the weighing method requires frequent weighing of the plant body, and the operation is cumbersome and it is difficult to achieve continuous monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method, system, and medium for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves, which can achieve non-destructive and continuous measurement of the transpiration rate of plant leaves.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves, and the method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves includes:

[0007] Obtain the water vapor condensation rate and environmental data of the target plant leaf; the water vapor condensation rate is the rate at which the water vapor discharged from the stomata of the target plant leaf condenses on the effective measurement area of the flexible electrode; the flexible electrode is fixed on the back of the target plant leaf; the environmental data includes the temperature and humidity of the environment where the target plant leaf is located;

[0008] Based on the environmental data and Dalton's law of evaporation, calculate the water vapor evaporation rate of the target plant leaf;

[0009] Sum the products of the water vapor condensation rate and the water vapor evaporation rate multiplied by their respective proportionality coefficients to determine the transpiration rate of the target plant leaf.

[0010] Optionally, obtain the water vapor condensation rate and environmental data of the target plant leaves, specifically including:

[0011] Collect the voltage values of the target plant leaves at different water amounts using a flexible water amount sensor; the flexible water amount sensor includes at least the flexible electrode;

[0012] After calibrating the voltage values, obtain the corresponding water amount values;

[0013] Calculate the effective measurement area of the flexible electrode;

[0014] Divide the water amount value by the effective measurement area to obtain the water vapor condensation rate;

[0015] Collect the temperature and humidity of the environment where the target plant leaves are located using a temperature and humidity sensor to obtain the environmental data.

[0016] Optionally, the calculation formula for the water vapor condensation rate is:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, μ is the water vapor condensation rate, f(u) is the water amount value corresponding to the voltage value u, and A e is the effective measurement area.

[0019] Optionally, the flexible electrode includes a measurement part and a non-measurement part; a gasket with a thickness of at least 1 mm is provided between the outer edge of the non-measurement part and the target plant leaves to keep a distance of at least 1 mm between the measurement part and the target plant leaves.

[0020] Optionally, based on the environmental data and Dalton's evaporation law, calculate the water vapor evaporation rate of the target plant leaves, specifically including:

[0021] Based on the temperature of the environment where the target plant leaves are located and the modified Tetens formula, calculate the saturated water vapor pressure;

[0022] Multiply the saturated water vapor pressure by the humidity of the environment where the target plant leaves are located to obtain the actual water vapor pressure;

[0023] Based on the saturated water vapor pressure, the actual water vapor pressure and the local atmospheric pressure, calculate the water vapor evaporation rate.

[0024] Optionally, the modified Tetens formula is:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, E is the saturated water vapor pressure, and t is the temperature of the environment where the target plant leaves are located.

[0027] Optionally, the formula for calculating the water vapor evaporation rate is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, ω is the water vapor evaporation rate, C is a proportionality coefficient related to the wind speed, E is the saturation water vapor pressure, ε is the actual water vapor pressure, and P is the local atmospheric pressure.

[0030] Optionally, the formula for calculating the transpiration rate is as follows:

[0031] T = a1μ + a2ω + M;

[0032] In the formula, T is the transpiration rate, μ is the water vapor condensation rate, ω is the water vapor evaporation rate, a1 is the first proportionality coefficient, a2 is the second proportionality coefficient, and M is a correction parameter.

[0033] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a computer system, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves in the first aspect.

[0034] In a third aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves in the first aspect is implemented.

[0035] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present application, the following technical effects are disclosed:

[0036] The present application combines flexible electrode acquisition and Dalton's evaporation law to accurately measure and calculate the water vapor condensation rate and the water vapor evaporation rate. After multiplying the two by their corresponding proportionality coefficients and then summing them up, the transpiration rate of the target plant leaves is obtained. Among them, the flexible electrode acquisition method will not damage the target plant leaves, and at the same time, continuous monitoring of the target plant leaves can be achieved. Moreover, the method for calculating the water vapor condensation rate and evaporation rate in the present application comprehensively considers the effective measurement area of the flexible electrode, environmental data, and the influence of Dalton's evaporation law, making the final measurement result more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0038] Figure 1A flow chart of a method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible water volume sensor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 A first measurement diagram of a vernier caliper provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 A second measurement diagram of a vernier caliper provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 A layout effect diagram of the flexible water volume sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a layout effect diagram of the evaporation experiment provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a computer system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0046] With the development of sensor technology, it has become a trend to use sensors to measure plant physiological parameters. In particular, the development of flexible sensors has provided new possibilities for real-time and accurate measurement of plant physiological parameters. At the same time, flexible sensors have high sensitivity and high resolution, which can capture tiny changes in water volume, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement.

[0047] In addition, Dalton's law of evaporation provides a theoretical basis for calculating the evaporation rate. Through Dalton's law of evaporation, the rate at which water vapor evaporates from the leaf surface into the air can be calculated by combining parameters such as the ambient temperature, humidity, and water vapor pressure on the leaf surface. This method has been widely used in meteorology and plant physiology and can more accurately reflect the evaporation status of plant leaves.

[0048] It is based on the above background that this application proposes a new method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves by combining flexible sensor technology and Dalton's law of evaporation.

[0049] The object of the present application is to provide a method, a system and a medium for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves, which can achieve non-destructive and continuous measurement of the transpiration rate of plant leaves.

[0050] In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves includes:

[0053] Step S1: Obtain the water vapor condensation rate of the target plant leaf and environmental data. The water vapor condensation rate is the rate at which the water vapor discharged from the stomata of the target plant leaf condenses on the effective measurement area of the flexible electrode; the environmental data includes the temperature and humidity of the environment where the target plant leaf is located.

[0054] In this embodiment, step S1 specifically includes:

[0055] Step S11: Use a flexible water quantity sensor to collect voltage values at different water quantities of the target plant leaf; different water quantities refer to the amount of water vapor discharged from the stomata of the target plant leaf that condenses on the flexible electrode.

[0056] As Figure 2 shown, the flexible water quantity sensor includes a flexible electrode on the left and a measurement circuit on the right. The flexible electrode and the measurement circuit are connected by a wire. The flexible water quantity sensor composed of the two monitors in real time based on the dielectric theory, the dielectric measurement principle of plant water content, the sensor measurement principle of the frequency domain method, and the transmission line theory to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the data. Among them, the flexible electrode further includes a measurement part ( Figure 2 the black shaded part on the flexible electrode in Figure 2 ), and a non-measurement part (

[0057] During actual use, the flexible electrodes of the flexible water volume sensor are usually installed on the back of the leaf to measure the water vapor condensation rate on the back of the leaf. This installation method can effectively avoid the influence of frontal light and wind speed on the measurement results, thereby obtaining more comprehensive and accurate data. At the same time, the installation of the flexible electrodes requires carefulness. It should be ensured that the distance between the flexible electrodes and the target plant leaf is at least 1 mm. This non-close-fitting method can form a tiny condensation space between the flexible electrodes and the target plant leaf, ensuring the precise capture of the condensed water volume and avoiding problems such as low sensitivity and insufficient capture of small water volume changes in traditional methods. To facilitate the formation of the above condensation space, a gasket with a thickness of at least 1 mm needs to be set between the outer edge of the non-measurement part and the target plant leaf, and then the gasket, the target plant leaf, and the non-measurement part are fixed together with a small clip, so that the distance between the measurement part and the target plant leaf can be maintained at least 1 mm.

[0058] Step S12: Calibrate the voltage value to obtain the corresponding water volume value.

[0059] In this embodiment, the sampling frequency of the flexible water volume sensor is set to take one point per hour, and then the voltage value - water volume value calibration curve is used to calibrate the voltage value sampled by the flexible water volume sensor and convert it into the corresponding water volume value.

[0060] Step S13: Calculate the effective measurement area of the flexible electrode.

[0061] As Figure 3 shown, first use a vernier caliper to read the width of the measurement part (i.e., the rectangular shadow of the flexible electrode in the figure); as Figure 4 shown, then use a vernier caliper to read the length of the measurement part; finally, multiply the length and width of the measurement part to obtain the effective measurement area of the flexible electrode.

[0062] Step S14: Divide the water volume value by the effective measurement area to obtain the water vapor condensation rate.

[0063] The calculation formula for the water vapor condensation rate is:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, μ is the water vapor condensation rate, f(u) is the water volume value corresponding to the voltage value u, and A e is the effective measurement area.

[0066] Step S15: Use the temperature and humidity sensor to collect the temperature and humidity of the environment where the target plant leaf is located to obtain environmental data.

[0067] As Figure 5As shown, in order to ensure the accurate recording of experimental conditions and the reliability of data, during the measurement of the water vapor condensation rate, it is also necessary to add a temperature and humidity sensor near the target plant leaf (which can be fixed by a bracket), and use this sensor to record the temperature and humidity of the environment where the target plant leaf is located in real time. These environmental data are crucial for the subsequent calculation of the water vapor evaporation rate. See Figure 5 , the temperature and humidity sensor is connected to an external display device through a wire, and the current temperature and humidity of the environment can be displayed on the external display device in real time; the measurement circuit of the flexible water volume sensor is connected to a data acquisition box on the desktop, and the data acquisition box stores the voltage value collected by the flexible water volume sensor.

[0068] Step S2: Calculate the water vapor evaporation rate of the target plant leaf based on the environmental data and Dalton's evaporation law.

[0069] In this embodiment, step S2 specifically includes:

[0070] Step S21: Calculate the saturated water vapor pressure based on the temperature of the environment where the target plant leaf is located and the modified Tetens formula.

[0071] The modified Tetens formula is:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, E is the saturated water vapor pressure (at the water surface gas temperature), t is the temperature of the environment where the target plant leaf is located (Celsius temperature), and e is the exponent.

[0074] Step S22: Multiply the saturated water vapor pressure by the humidity of the environment where the target plant leaf is located to obtain the actual water vapor pressure.

[0075] The calculation formula for the actual water vapor pressure is:

[0076] ε = E × H;

[0077] In the formula, ε is the actual water vapor pressure (of the air above the water surface), and H is the humidity of the environment where the target plant leaf is located.

[0078] Step S23: Calculate the water vapor evaporation rate based on the saturated water vapor pressure, the actual water vapor pressure, and the local atmospheric pressure.

[0079] The formula for the water vapor evaporation rate is:

[0080]

[0081] In the formula, ω is the water vapor evaporation rate, C is a proportionality coefficient related to the wind speed, and P is the local atmospheric pressure (selected according to the local altitude).

[0082] To further determine the above proportionality coefficient C, evaporation experiments need to be carried out in the laboratory. Under laboratory conditions, the specific value of C is determined by simulating different wind speeds and environmental conditions to ensure the accurate calculation of the water vapor evaporation rate. As Figure 6 shown, in the evaporation experiment, an uncovered cuboid box is set up, and water is placed in it. The evaporation process of the blade is simulated by using the open water surface, and the environmental parameters (temperature, humidity) during the evaporation process are recorded by a temperature and humidity sensor. Outside the uncovered cuboid box containing water, a larger uncovered and bottomless cuboid box is also set up, the purpose of which is to protect the inner uncovered cuboid box containing water from being affected by the external environment. During the evaporation experiment, different temperatures can be simulated by adjusting the air conditioner settings to ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the experimental data.

[0083] Step S3: Multiply the water vapor condensation rate and the water vapor evaporation rate by the corresponding proportionality coefficients respectively and then sum them to determine the transpiration rate of the target plant leaf.

[0084] The calculation formula for the transpiration rate is:

[0085] T = a1μ + a2ω + M;

[0086] In the formula, T is the transpiration rate, a1 is the first proportionality coefficient, a2 is the second proportionality coefficient, and M is the correction parameter.

[0087] In summary, the above method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves is applicable to various types of plants except coniferous plants, including but not limited to herbaceous plants and woody plants. The above method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves is not only applicable to the physiological research of plants under laboratory conditions, but also can be applied in the field environment, providing strong support for actual agricultural production, providing important data support for plant physiological research, and providing a scientific basis for irrigation decision-making in agricultural production, further improving agricultural production efficiency and water resource utilization efficiency.

[0088] Example 2

[0089] This embodiment provides a computer system, which can be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram can be as Figure 7As shown. The computer system includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, abbreviated as I / O), and a communication interface. Among them, the processor, the memory, and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer system is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer system includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the computer system is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer system is used to communicate with external terminals through a network connection. The computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves as described above.

[0090] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 7 the structure shown in is only a block diagram of some structures related to the solution of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer system to which the solution of this application is applied. The specific computer system may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine some components, or have different component arrangements.

[0091] Embodiment 3

[0092] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above method embodiments.

[0093] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant regulations.

[0094] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memories. Non-volatile memories can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tapes, floppy disks, flash memories, optical memories, high-density embedded non-volatile memories, resistive random access memories (ReRAMs), magnetoresistive random access memories (MRAMs), ferroelectric random access memories (FRAMs), phase change memories (PCMs), graphene memories, etc. Volatile memories can include random access memories (RAMs) or external cache memories, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0095] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. Non-relational databases can include distributed databases based on blockchain, etc., without limitation. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can be general-purpose processors, central processors, graphics processors, digital signal processors, programmable logics, data processing logics based on quantum computing, etc., without limitation.

[0096] All actions of obtaining signals, information, or data in the present application are carried out on the premise of complying with the corresponding data protection regulations and policies of the country where it is located and obtaining authorization from the owner of the corresponding device.

[0097] In summary, this application clearly demonstrates how to obtain the transpiration rate of plant leaves by measuring the water vapor condensation rate and evaporation rate, which provides a scientific measurement method and data support for plant physiological research and agricultural production. The use of the flexible water volume sensor ensures the real-time and high-precision measurement, while the application of Dalton's law of evaporation makes the calculation of the water vapor evaporation rate more scientific and accurate. Combined with the use of a high-precision area measurement instrument, this application can accurately reflect the transpiration status of a single leaf, is applicable to various plant types, and provides reliable data support for scientific research and agricultural production. The entire measurement process is simple to operate, the data is reliable, and at the same time, it also improves the speed and accuracy of measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves.

[0098] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0099] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, based on the idea of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves, characterized in that: The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves comprises: Acquire the water vapor condensation rate and environmental data of the target plant leaves; the water vapor condensation rate is the rate at which the water vapor discharged from the stomata of the target plant leaves condenses on the effective measurement area of ​​the flexible electrode; the flexible electrode is fixed on the back of the target plant leaves; the environmental data includes the temperature and humidity of the environment in which the target plant leaves are located; Calculating the water vapor evaporation rate of the target plant leaves based on the environmental data and Dalton's law of evaporation; The water vapor condensation rate and the water vapor evaporation rate are respectively multiplied by corresponding proportional coefficients and then summed to determine the transpiration rate of the target plant leaves.

2. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtain water vapor condensation rate and environmental data of target plant leaves, including: The flexible water volume sensor is used to collect voltage values ​​of target plant leaves at different water volumes; the flexible water volume sensor at least includes the flexible electrode; After calibrating the voltage value, a corresponding water volume value is obtained; Calculating the effective measurement area of ​​the flexible electrode; Dividing the water amount value by the effective measurement area to obtain the water vapor condensation rate; The temperature and humidity of the environment in which the target plant leaves are located are collected using a temperature and humidity sensor to obtain the environmental data.

3. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the water vapor condensation rate is: Where μ is the condensation rate of water vapor, f(u) is the water volume corresponding to the voltage u, and A e is the effective measurement area.

4. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible electrode includes a measuring part and a non-measuring part; a gasket at least 1 mm thick is arranged between the outer edge of the non-measuring part and the target plant leaf, so that a distance of at least 1 mm is maintained between the measuring part and the target plant leaf.

5. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the environmental data and Dalton's law of evaporation, the water vapor evaporation rate of the target plant leaves is calculated, specifically including: Calculate the saturated water vapor pressure based on the temperature of the environment where the target plant leaves are located and the modified Tetens formula; The actual water vapor pressure is obtained by multiplying the saturated water vapor pressure by the humidity of the environment in which the target plant leaves are located; The water vapor evaporation rate is calculated based on the saturated water vapor pressure, the actual water vapor pressure and the local atmospheric pressure.

6. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to claim 5, characterized in that: The modified Tetens formula is: Where E is the saturated water vapor pressure, and t is the temperature of the environment where the target plant leaves are located.

7. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to claim 5, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the water vapor evaporation rate is: Where ω is the evaporation rate of water vapor, C is the proportional coefficient related to wind speed, E is the saturated water vapor pressure, ε is the actual water vapor pressure, and P is the local atmospheric pressure.

8. The method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the transpiration rate is: T=a1μ+a2ω+M; Where T is the transpiration rate, μ is the water vapor condensation rate, ω is the water vapor evaporation rate, a1 is the first proportional coefficient, a2 is the second proportional coefficient, and M is the correction parameter.

9. A computer system comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for measuring the transpiration rate of plant leaves according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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