Tunnel earthquake advanced prediction mechanical seismic source trolley

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunnel earthquake advanced forecasting mechanical seismic source trolley which comprises a trolley structure and a spring seismic source, the spring seismic source is arranged on the trolley structure, the spring seismic source comprises a spring seismic source hammer, a seismic source shell and a spring energy supply motor, the spring seismic source hammer is arranged in the seismic source shell, and the spring energy supply motor is arranged in the seismic source shell. The rear portion of the spring vibration source hammer head is connected with a spring, the spring energy supply motor is connected with the spring through a spring displacement transmission steel cable, the spring energy supply motor stretches the spring backwards to gather elastic potential energy, and when the spring is released, the spring deforms and begins to contract. And the released elastic potential energy is converted into kinetic energy of the spring vibration source hammer head to impact the side wall of the tunnel. The device has the advantages that the device is high in mobility, light and easy to push; the operation process is simplified; the environmental adaptability is enhanced; the energy conversion efficiency is optimized; noise and vibration pollution are reduced; the risk minimization is realized; and a cost-benefit solution is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of advanced prediction for tunnel construction, and particularly to a mechanical vibration source trolley for advanced seismic prediction of tunnels. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of geophysical exploration and non-destructive testing, the vibration source technology plays a crucial role. Traditional vibration source devices, including heavy mechanical vibration sources, fixed vibration sources, explosive vibration sources, hydraulic vibration sources, pneumatic vibration sources, electromagnetic vibration sources, vibration tables, and impact vibration sources, etc., although perform excellently in specific applications, also have some common limitations. For example, heavy mechanical vibration sources and fixed vibration sources are usually bulky and inconvenient to move, and it is difficult to adapt to the changing construction environment; explosive vibration sources have safety hazards and pose potential risks to the environment and personnel; while hydraulic vibration sources and pneumatic vibration sources rely on external power sources, which limit their moving range and operation freedom. The tunnel environment is a relatively special and challenging construction and operation space. The space inside the tunnel is very limited compared to other environments. When working in it, the width and height limitations must be considered first, which restricts the use of large equipment and the activity range of personnel. The geological conditions traversed by the tunnel may be complex and variable, including different types of rocks, soils, and groundwater, etc. The humidity inside the tunnel is usually high, which may have an adverse impact on the performance of equipment and construction materials. Tunnel construction and maintenance need to strictly comply with safety regulations to prevent collapses, rock bursts, and other dangerous situations. Tunnel construction may be interfered by external factors such as terrain, adjacent buildings, and traffic.

[0003] Due to the particularity of the tunnel environment, the size and weight of the vibration source are restricted, so it is difficult to deploy and move large mechanical vibration sources in the tunnel; explosive vibration sources bring certain safety risks when used in the tunnel, and may cause tunnel collapses and other safety problems; pneumatic and hydraulic vibration sources rely on external energy supply and may be difficult to use due to the environmental limitations in the tunnel; electromagnetic vibration sources may also cause performance degradation due to the humid environment in the tunnel; fixed vibration sources are not applicable in the tunnel because they cannot be moved conveniently; vibration tables may not be able to precisely control the direction and range of vibration, which may cause unnecessary structural stress in the tunnel.

[0004] In addition, the existing vibration sources in the current prior art mainly have the following disadvantages: 1) Poor mobility: Many vibration source devices are bulky and heavy, resulting in inconvenient movement and being not suitable for quickly transferring to different working locations.

[0005] 2) Dependence on external power: Some vibration source devices need to be connected to external power sources or gas sources, which limits the use range and flexibility of the devices.

[0006] 3) Safety hazards: Especially for explosive seismic sources, there are potential safety risks, posing threats to operators and the surrounding environment.

[0007] 4) Environmental impact: Some seismic source devices generate significant noise and strong vibrations during operation, which may have an adverse impact on surrounding buildings and the ecological environment.

[0008] 5) Cost issues: The manufacturing cost of some seismic source devices is high, and maintenance is complex, resulting in relatively high overall application costs.

[0009] 6) Operational complexity: Some seismic source devices are complex to operate and require professional personnel for operation, increasing the usage threshold. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The object of the present invention is to provide a mechanical seismic source trolley for tunnel seismic prediction in advance according to the deficiencies of the above-mentioned existing technologies. A push-type spring seismic source is adopted. When the spring is triggered, it drives the hammer head to move forward, converting elastic potential energy into the kinetic energy of the hammer head. The influence of friction, air resistance, etc. during the conversion process is relatively small, so the kinetic energy loss is extremely low. The elastic potential energy of the spring can be regarded as the impact kinetic energy possessed by the seismic source hammer head during operation, avoiding the dependence on external power sources of hydraulic and pneumatic seismic sources, adopting a self-contained power system, without external connection, and being more flexible to use.

[0011] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A mechanical seismic source trolley for tunnel seismic prediction in advance, characterized in that: it includes a trolley structure and a spring seismic source, wherein the spring seismic source is arranged on the trolley structure, and: The spring seismic source includes a spring seismic source hammer head, a seismic source housing, and a spring energy supply motor. The spring seismic source hammer head is arranged inside the seismic source housing. A spring is connected to the rear of the spring seismic source hammer head. The spring energy supply motor is connected to the spring through a spring displacement transmission cable. The spring energy supply motor stretches the spring backward to accumulate elastic potential energy. When the spring is released, it deforms and begins to contract, releasing elastic potential energy and converting it into the kinetic energy of the spring seismic source hammer head to impact the tunnel sidewall.

[0012] Both sides of the seismic source housing are installed on the recoil conduction track base. An upper part of the seismic source fixing device is provided on the seismic source housing. A lower part of the seismic source fixing device is provided on the recoil conduction track base, and a sliding fit is formed between them. The lower part of the seismic source fixing device and the upper part of the seismic source fixing device are connected by a position return spring. An impact-resistant baffle is provided at the end of the recoil conduction track base.

[0013] A mechanical trigger device and a signal detection device are provided on the trolley structure. The signal detection device and the mechanical trigger device are arranged at positions corresponding to the spring vibration source hammer head. The mechanical trigger device is used to trigger the spring vibration source hammer head to change from an immovable state to a horizontal moving state, and the signal detection device is used to collect the generated impact signal.

[0014] A mechanical trigger lock is provided on the trolley structure. The mechanical trigger lock includes a force transmission device, a spring stretching reverse acting device, a vibration source displacement control switch, and a switch connection device.

[0015] The signal detection device includes a height difference position adjustment device and a signal detector excitation device.

[0016] The spring function motor is connected with a large transmission gear. The large transmission gear is connected to a small transmission gear through a chain drive. The small transmission gear is connected with a steel cable control tightening device, and the spring displacement transmission steel cable is arranged on the steel cable control tightening device.

[0017] The large transmission gear forms a transmission cooperation with the spring energy supply motor through a large gear connection device. The small transmission gear is fixed on the outer shell of the spring energy supply motor through a small gear connection device, a gear position fixing device, and a small gear connection device. A telescopic structure is arranged in the large gear connection device.

[0018] A hammer head release control device, a clamping partition, a partition return spring, and an intermediate transmission device are arranged outside the vibration source housing. The intermediate transmission device is connected to the spring and the spring displacement transmission steel cable. The clamping partition is clamped on both sides of the intermediate transmission device, and the hammer head release control device and the partition return spring are respectively arranged on both sides of the clamping partition.

[0019] The trolley structure includes a transportation trolley frame. Rubber solid wheels and foldable support legs are arranged at the bottom of the transportation trolley frame. A trolley movement control handle is arranged on one side of the transportation trolley frame.

[0020] The trolley of the trolley structure is driven by a motor, and the motor is connected to the trolley movement control handle.

[0021] The advantages of the present invention are: 1) Strong mobility: Lightweight and easy to push; it can quickly transfer between different construction sites or geological environments, improving construction flexibility and response speed.

[0022] 2) Simplify the operation process: Through integrated and automated design, reduce operation complexity, enabling non-professional personnel to easily use the vibration source equipment and lowering the operation threshold.

[0023] 3) Enhance environmental adaptability: It does not rely on external energy supply and can work independently in an environment without power supply or gas source, expanding the application scope.

[0024] 4) Optimize energy conversion efficiency: Utilize the spring mechanism to store and release energy, improve energy conversion efficiency, reduce energy loss, and achieve energy conservation.

[0025] 5) Reduce noise and vibration pollution: By precisely controlling the energy released by the spring, reduce noise and vibration interference to the surrounding environment, and enhance the environmental friendliness of the equipment.

[0026] 6) Minimize risks: Avoid using flammable, explosive substances or high-risk operations, ensure the safety during the use of the equipment, and reduce construction risks.

[0027] 7) Provide cost-effective solutions: Through reasonable design and material selection, reduce the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the equipment, and provide an economical and practical seismic source device for the market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the trolley in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring seismic source in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring energy supply in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the track in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic signal trigger lock in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mechanical trigger lock in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] The following further details the features of the present invention and other related features through embodiments in conjunction with the drawings for the understanding of those skilled in the same industry: As Figures 1-7As shown in the figure, each label in the figure represents: solid rubber wheel 1, transport trolley frame 2, recoil conduction track base 3, signal detection device 4, small positioning device 5, spring shock source hammer head 6, shock source housing 7, lower part of shock source fixing device 8, position return spring 9, upper part of shock source fixing device 10, spring fixing nut 11, shock source track 12, anti-impact baffle 13, small transmission gear 14, large transmission gear 15, spring displacement transmission steel cable 16, gear position fixing device 17, spring energy supply motor 18, foldable support leg 19, trolley movement control handle 20, hammer head release control device 21, clamping partition 22, partition reset spring 23, intermediate transmission device 24, steel cable control tightening device 25, small gear connection device 26, large gear connection device 27, track gasket 28, recoil rubber protection equipment 29, signal mechanical trigger device 30, height difference position adjustment device 31, signal detector excitation device 32, force conduction device 33, spring stretching reverse action device 34, shock source displacement control switch 35, switch connection device 36.

[0030] Example: As Figures 1 to 7 shown, the mechanical shock source trolley for tunnel seismic prediction in this embodiment includes a trolley structure and a spring shock source, and the spring shock source is arranged on the trolley structure. Among them, the trolley structure provides power for the spring shock source, enabling the spring shock source to be flexibly deployed at the required position, ensuring the working efficiency of the shock source and a wide range of application scenarios. The spring shock source is an excitation device for the shock source, which generates seismic waves by converting the elastic potential energy of the spring device into impact kinetic energy to excite the side wall of the tunnel, ensuring the working requirements of the device.

[0031] The trolley structure includes a transport trolley frame 2, and a solid rubber wheel 1 and a foldable support leg 19 are arranged at the bottom of the transport trolley frame 2. In this embodiment, the use of solid rubber wheels 1 completely avoids the occurrence of bad situations of being damaged, improves the stability of this mechanical shock source, and can adapt to more harsh environments. When the shock source makes a long-distance displacement, the foldable support leg 19 contracts the leg column through the folding structure; during the positioning of the shock source excitation position, it ensures the hammering direction of the shock source and tries its best to improve the energy utilization efficiency when the shock source is excited; when the shock source is excited, the foldable support leg 19 provides friction to balance the reaction force generated by the collision between the hammer head and the side wall. A trolley movement control handle 20 is arranged on one side of the transport trolley frame 2. In this embodiment, the trolley is driven by a motor, and the power and stop of the trolley are adjusted through the trolley movement control handle 20, saving the time consumed during long-distance detection in the tunnel and improving the efficiency of tunnel advance prediction.

[0032] The spring vibration source includes a spring vibration source hammer head 6, a vibration source housing 7, and a spring energy supply motor 18. The spring vibration source hammer head 6 is arranged inside the vibration source housing 7. A spring is connected to the rear of the spring vibration source hammer head 7. The spring energy supply motor 18 is connected to the spring through a spring displacement transmission cable 16. The spring energy supply motor 18 stretches the spring backward to accumulate elastic potential energy. When the spring is released, it deforms and starts to contract, releasing the elastic potential energy that is converted into the kinetic energy of the spring vibration source hammer head 6 to impact the tunnel sidewall.

[0033] Both sides of the vibration source housing 7 are installed on the recoil conduction track base 3, and the recoil conduction track base 3 is fixed on the transport trolley frame 2. A vibration source track 12 is arranged on the recoil conduction track base 3, and a track gasket 28 is arranged below the vibration source track 12. A vibration source fixing device upper part 10 is arranged on the vibration source housing 7, and a vibration source fixing device lower part 8 is arranged on the recoil conduction track base 3, and they form a sliding fit between them. The vibration source fixing device lower part 8 and the vibration source fixing device upper part 10 are connected by a position return spring 9, and the position return spring 9 is installed through a spring fixing nut 11. An impact-resistant baffle 13 is arranged at the end of the recoil conduction track base 3.

[0034] In this embodiment, by installing a slide rail below the spring vibration source, the track of the recoil conduction track base 3 and the spring vibration source are connected through a slider (including two parts: the vibration source fixing device upper part 10 and the vibration source fixing device lower part 8). The external structure of the spring vibration source and the slider form a fixed structure, which helps the spring vibration source to reset after suffering a reaction force and offset on the slide rail, ensuring that there is enough buffer space on the slide rail during the next vibration source excitation to reduce the friction range of the lower part of the trolley, and having a strong resistance to external pressure, vibration, impact and other accidental factors, and not being easily loosened.

[0035] A mechanical trigger device and a signal detection device 4 are arranged on the transport trolley frame 2. The signal detection device 4 and the mechanical trigger device are arranged at positions corresponding to the spring vibration source hammer head 6. The mechanical trigger device is used to trigger the spring vibration source hammer head 7 to change from an immovable state to a horizontal moving state, and the signal detection device 6 is used to collect the generated impact signal.

[0036] In this embodiment, the signal detection device 4 includes a signal mechanical trigger device 30, a height difference position adjustment device 31, and a signal detector excitation device 32. The signal mechanical trigger device 30 is installed at a position corresponding to the spring vibration source hammer head 7 and within the horizontal movement stroke range of the elastic vibration source hammer head 7 through a small positioning device 5. The height difference position adjustment device 31 is used to adjust the position of the information mechanical trigger device 30 to ensure its position accuracy. The signal detector excitation device 32 is used to excite and detect the collected signal during impact. When the spring vibration source hammer head 7 releases an impact, it pushes the signal mechanical trigger device 30 and triggers the mechanical trigger lock. The displacement of the signal mechanical trigger device 30 is transmitted to the signal detector excitation device 30 through the height difference position adjustment device 31, and the signal detector excitation device 30 then collects the impact signal.

[0037] Before the hammer head collision device, the vibration source and the slide rail are regarded as a locked whole tightly connected to each other without relative displacement; after triggering, the locked state is released and relative displacement can occur. The excitation process of the spring vibration source can be divided into two parts: the hammer head acceleration process and the hammer head collision impact process. The former is a relatively long process in which the hammer head is accelerated by the spring tension inside the vibration source, and the latter is the contact and collision between the hammer head and the tunnel side wall in a very short time. Design an electronic signal trigger lock structure. In the first half of the vibration source excitation, the vibration source housing 7 will be in a locked state, and the vibration source and the track structure can be regarded as the same whole, and no relative offset will occur between the vibration source and the slide rail when receiving the reaction force generated during the vibration source excitation process. Use the friction of the trolley to offset this tiny reverse force; in the second half, the mechanical structure is in an excited state, and the relative movement between the slide rail and the vibration source is used to extend the action time, reduce the acting force, and improve the bearing capacity of the overall device.

[0038] A mechanical trigger lock is provided on the transport trolley frame 2. The mechanical trigger lock includes a force transmission device 33, a spring stretching reverse acting device 34, a vibration source displacement control switch 35, and a switch connection device 36. Among them, the force transmission device 33 is fixed on the transport trolley frame 2, the spring stretching reverse acting device 34 is installed on the left vertical transmission device 33, the vibration source displacement control switch 35 is connected to the spring stretching reverse acting device 34, and the switch connection device 36 is connected to the vibration source displacement control switch 35.

[0039] In this embodiment, a spring function motor 18 is connected to a large transmission gear 15. The large transmission gear 15 is in transmission cooperation with the spring energy supply motor 18 through a large gear connection device 27, and at the same time is in transmission cooperation with a small transmission gear 14 through a chain, that is, the small transmission gear 14 is driven to rotate through chain drive. The small transmission gear 14 is fixed on the outer shell of the spring function motor 18 and can rotate through a gear position fixing device 17 and a small gear connection device 26. A steel cable control tightening device 25 is provided on the small transmission gear 14, and the spring displacement transmission steel cable 16 is arranged on the steel cable control tightening device 25.

[0040] In this embodiment, inside the transmission device, for example, there is a telescopic device in the large gear connection device 27 that can change the state of the roller. When the internal structure extends, the internal and external gears are in a connected state with the spring shock source, helping the motor transmit force to the spring shock source; when the internal structure contracts, the gear structure is disconnected from the spring shock source, without reducing the movement ability of the spring shock source.

[0041] Outside the shock source housing 7, there are a hammer release control device 21, a clamping partition 22, a partition return spring 23, and an intermediate transmission device 24. The intermediate transmission device 24 is connected to the spring and the spring displacement transmission steel cable 16. The clamping partition 22 is clamped on both sides of the intermediate transmission device 24, and the hammer release control device 21 and the partition return spring 23 are respectively arranged on both sides of the clamping partition 22.

[0042] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: The trolley structure is used to achieve flexible movement in the tunnel in the face of complex situations, adjust the position of the transport trolley frame 2, so that the head of the transport trolley frame 2 can be pressed against the tunnel side wall, enabling the spring shock source hammer head 6 of the spring shock source to correctly contact the tunnel side wall, facilitating the conversion of the kinetic energy of the spring shock source hammer head 6 into effective impact force in the subsequent process. After adjusting the position of the transport trolley frame 2 and the shock source, start the spring energy supply motor 18 to stretch the internal spring of the spring shock source backward, increasing the elastic potential energy of the spring shock source.

[0043] After the potential energy of the spring shock source reaches the requirement, stop the operation of the spring energy supply motor 18. The spring shock source hammer head 6 of the spring shock source is stuck in the ready-to-excite state. By controlling the release of the clamping partition 22, the spring deforms and begins to contract, releasing the elastic potential energy and converting it into the kinetic energy of the spring shock source hammer head 6 to impact the tunnel side wall. During the movement of the spring shock source hammer head 6, the signal mechanical trigger device 30 will be triggered, and the electrical signal sent will release the mechanical trigger lock originally located at the rear of the shock source. After the spring shock source hammer head 6 contacts the tunnel side wall, the reverse force generated will be slowed down by increasing the action time through the sliding track.

[0044] Although the above embodiments have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings for the concept and embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope defined by the claims, so they will not be elaborated here one by one.

Claims

1. A mechanical earthquake source trolley for advanced prediction of tunnel earthquakes, characterized in that: It comprises a cart structure and a spring source, wherein the spring source is arranged on the cart structure, wherein: The spring seismic source includes a spring seismic source hammer head, a seismic source housing and a spring energy supply motor, wherein the spring seismic source hammer head is arranged inside the seismic source housing, the rear part of the spring seismic source hammer head is connected to a spring, the spring energy supply motor is connected to the spring through a spring displacement transmission cable, the spring energy supply motor stretches the spring backward to gather elastic potential energy, and when the spring is released, it deforms and begins to shrink, and the released elastic potential energy is converted into kinetic energy of the spring seismic source hammer head to impact the side wall of the tunnel.

2. The mechanical earthquake source trolley for advance prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both sides of the seismic source shell are installed on the recoil conduction track base, the seismic source shell is provided with an upper part of a seismic source fixing device, the recoil conduction track base is provided with a lower part of a seismic source fixing device and a sliding fit is formed between the two, the lower part of the seismic source fixing device is connected with the upper part of the seismic source fixing device by a position return spring, and the tail end of the recoil conduction track base is provided with an anti-impact baffle.

3. The mechanical earthquake source trolley for advance prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A mechanical trigger device and a signal detection device are provided on the cart structure. The signal detection device and the mechanical trigger device are arranged at positions corresponding to the spring seismic source hammer head. The mechanical trigger device is used to trigger the spring seismic source hammer head from an immovable state to a horizontal moving state, and the signal detection device is used to collect the generated impact signal.

4. The mechanical earthquake source trolley for advance prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A mechanical trigger lock is arranged on the cart structure, and the mechanical trigger lock comprises a force transmission device, a spring stretching reverse direction device, a source displacement control switch, and a switch connection device.

5. The mechanical earthquake source trolley for advance prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The signal detection device comprises a height difference position adjustment device and a signal detector excitation device.

6. The mechanical earthquake source trolley for advance prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring function motor is connected to a large transmission gear, the large transmission gear is connected to a small transmission gear through a chain transmission, the small transmission gear is connected to a steel cable control tightening device, and the spring displacement transmission steel cable is arranged on the steel cable control tightening device.

7. The mechanical earthquake source vehicle for advanced prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 5 is characterized by: The large transmission gear forms a transmission cooperation with the spring-powered motor through a large gear connecting device, and the small transmission gear is fixed to the outer shell of the spring-powered motor through a small gear connecting device through a gear position fixing device and a small gear connecting device, wherein a retractable structure is arranged in the large gear connecting device.

8. The mechanical earthquake source trolley for advance prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outside of the source housing is provided with a hammer release control device, a locking partition, a partition reset spring, and an intermediate transmission device, wherein the intermediate transmission device connects the spring and the spring displacement transmission cable, the locking partition is clamped on both sides of the intermediate transmission device, and the hammer release control device and the partition reset spring are respectively arranged on both sides of the locking partition.

9. The mechanical earthquake source trolley for advance prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trolley structure comprises a transport trolley frame, the bottom of which is provided with rubber solid wheels and foldable supporting legs, and one side of the transport trolley frame is provided with a trolley movement control handle.

10. The mechanical earthquake source trolley for advance prediction of tunnel earthquakes according to claim 9, characterized in that: The trolley structure is driven by a motor, and the motor is connected to the trolley motion control handle.

Images