Bionic design method for optimizing seismic performance of building structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of anti-seismic design of building structures, and discloses a bionic design method for optimizing the anti-seismic performance of a building structure, which comprises the following steps: step 1, firstly, collecting a biological sample with anti-seismic capacity, and then researching the body structure of a biological sample and the performance of the biological sample in an earthquake; the method comprises the following steps: step 1, selecting an organism with excellent anti-seismic capacity as a bionic object, and step 2, establishing a corresponding mechanical model according to an analysis result of a biological structure through mathematical modeling and mechanical analysis, and converting key anti-seismic characteristics of the selected biological structure into quantitative design parameters. By researching organisms with shock resistance, the stability and reliability of a building structure in an earthquake are remarkably improved, earthquake damage and casualty risks are greatly reduced, meanwhile, intelligent biomimetic materials are integrated at key nodes, earthquake damage is repaired by using a microcapsule repairing agent and a microorganism mineralization mechanism, and the service life of the intelligent biomimetic materials is prolonged. And the integrity and the safety of the structure after the earthquake are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of seismic design of building structures, specifically a bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of building structures. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process and the continuous expansion of building scale, the safety of building structures, especially their seismic performance, has become a crucial issue. Earthquakes, as an unpredictable and highly destructive natural disaster, pose a serious threat to human life and property.

[0003] Currently, existing seismic design methods for building structures mainly rely on parameters such as the stiffness, strength, and ductility of the structure, and improve the seismic capacity by increasing the amount of materials used and strengthening the connections of components. However, these methods often have certain limitations, which can lead to an increase in the self-weight of the structure and still cause serious damage in the face of strong earthquakes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the above problems, and thus provides a bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of building structures.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is as follows: A bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of building structures, comprising the following steps: Step 1: First, collect biological samples with seismic resistance, and then study the body structures of the organisms and their performances during earthquakes, and select organisms with excellent seismic resistance as bionic objects; Step 2: Through mathematical modeling and mechanical analysis, establish a corresponding mechanical model according to the analysis results of the biological structure, convert the key seismic characteristics of the selected biological structure into quantitative design parameters, and analyze the seismic mechanical principle and energy dissipation mechanism of the investigated biological structure; Step 3: Apply the mechanical characteristics and design principles of the biological structure to the design of the building structure, and use building design software to construct a preliminary building structure model; Step 4: Use the finite element analysis method to conduct numerical simulation analysis of the bionic-designed building structure under earthquake action, conduct multi-dimensional evaluation of the seismic performance of the initial model, and adjust and improve the design according to the analysis and evaluation results; Step 5: Repeat the analysis and improvement process of Step 4, conduct physical model tests on the improved design scheme, verify its seismic performance under actual earthquake action, and finally optimize the design according to the test results to finally form an engineering seismic design scheme for the building structure.

[0006] Preferably, in Step 1, the biological samples include: organisms with fractal tree-like structures, lightweight and high-strength organisms, and dynamically adaptive organisms; The fractal tree-like structure organisms include mangrove roots and tree branches, and their fractal dimension is 1.2 to 1.8; The lightweight and high-strength organisms include bamboo and shells, and their specific strength ≥ 100 MPa·cm³ / g; The dynamic adaptive organisms include bird joints and plant geotropic tissues, and their stress response time ≤ 0.5 s.

[0007] Preferably, in the second step, the design parameters are quantified. For the fractal structure, the number of branching levels n = 3 to 5, the branching angle θ = 15° to 60°, the node spacing of the bamboo-like structure is 1 / 8 to 1 / 5 of the column height, the laying angle of the fiber-reinforced composite material is 45° to 90°, the thickness ratio of the rigid layer to the flexible layer of the shell laminate is 2:1 to 5:1, and the interlayer bite depth is 1 to 3 mm.

[0008] Preferably, in the fourth step, the multi-dimensional evaluation includes the evaluation of the displacement, acceleration, internal force, and energy dissipation of the structure.

[0009] Preferably, the loading conditions for the finite element analysis in the fourth step include the type of seismic wave, the input peak acceleration, and the evaluation index; The type of seismic wave: EL-Centro wave, Taft, and synthetic wave; The evaluation index of the input peak acceleration: 0.1g to 1.2g; The evaluation index: the interlayer displacement angle ≤ 1 / 200, and the reduction rate of the base shear force ≥ 30%.

[0010] Preferably, in the fifth step, a 1:20 to 1:50 scale model is made by 3D printing technology. The scaling ratio of the material effective modulus is 1:√(λ), where λ is the scale ratio. Then, a loading test is carried out, and finally, the performance acceptance is carried out.

[0011] Preferably, the loading test includes the following specific steps: Small earthquake loading test: Input the seismic wave with a peak acceleration of 0.1g, record the seismic response data of the structure, and require the interlayer displacement angle ≤ 1 / 500 and no visible cracks; Medium earthquake loading test: Input the seismic wave, and increase the peak acceleration to 0.4g, evaluate the performance of the structure under the medium earthquake, and require the interlayer displacement angle ≤ 1 / 200 and the crack width ≤ 0.2 mm; Large earthquake loading test: Input the peak acceleration of 0.8g.

[0012] Preferably, the acceptance criteria for the performance acceptance are that the residual deformation after the large earthquake ≤ 2% and the self-repair system triggering rate ≥ 90%.

[0013] Preferably, in step five, during the physical model test, the stress distribution and damage development inside the structure should be monitored synchronously, and acoustic emission technology and fiber Bragg grating sensors should be used.

[0014] Preferably, in step three, when constructing the building structure model, intelligent bionic materials are integrated at key nodes, and seismic damage is repaired through the microcapsule repair agent and the microbial mineralization mechanism to achieve dynamic stiffness adjustment and energy dissipation.

[0015] The present invention provides a bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of building structures. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. By studying organisms with seismic resistance, extracting their key seismic characteristics and converting them into building design parameters, the present invention significantly improves the stability and reliability of building structures during earthquakes, greatly reducing the risk of earthquake damage and casualties. At the same time, intelligent bionic materials are integrated at key nodes, and seismic damage is repaired using the microcapsule repair agent and the microbial mineralization mechanism to achieve dynamic stiffness adjustment and energy dissipation, further enhancing the self-repair and adaptability of the building under earthquake action, and ensuring the integrity and safety of the structure after the earthquake.

[0016] 2. Through the bionic application of biological structures, the present invention reduces the self-weight of the building while ensuring seismic performance, thereby reducing the foundation cost and material cost. The quantified design parameters and reasonable structural layout improve the utilization efficiency of materials, avoid unnecessary waste, and through repeated adjustment and optimization design by finite element analysis, reduce the complexity and uncertainty during construction, lower the construction difficulty and cost, and ensure that the building does not excessively increase the construction and maintenance costs while meeting the seismic requirements, achieving double optimization of economy and resources.

[0017] 3. By using 3D printing technology to produce scale models for testing, the present invention reduces the material consumption of physical tests. The research and reference of natural biological structures follow the principle of sustainable development and reduce the dependence on resource-intensive building methods. This innovative and sustainable design concept not only meets the current seismic requirements of buildings but also lays a foundation for the green and low-carbon development of the future construction industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of the building structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0020] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of building structures, including the following steps: Step 1, first, collect biological samples with seismic resistance, and then conduct in-depth research on the body structures of the organisms and their performances during earthquakes. Select organisms with excellent seismic resistance as bionic objects. Through the observation and analysis of various organisms, it is possible to discover the unique seismic structures and mechanisms formed through long-term natural selection and evolution; The complex fractal structure of the mangrove roots can effectively disperse seismic energy, and the flexibility and elasticity of the tree trunks help buffer seismic impact forces; Step 2, through mathematical modeling and mechanical analysis, establish corresponding mechanical models based on the analysis results of biological structures, convert the key seismic characteristics of the selected biological structures into quantitative design parameters, analyze the seismic mechanical principles and energy dissipation mechanisms of the investigated biological structures, express the complex characteristics of biological structures in precise mathematical and mechanical ways, provide operable parameters for actual building design, and use the theories and methods of mathematics and mechanics to simulate and analyze the mechanical behaviors of biological structures, so as to clearly understand the internal mechanism of the seismic resistance of biological structures and convert it into specific indicators that can be used in building design; Step 3, apply the mechanical characteristics and design principles of biological structures to the design of building structures. Use building design software to construct a preliminary building structure model. When constructing the building structure model, integrate intelligent bionic materials at key nodes, repair seismic damage through microcapsule repair agents and microbial mineralization mechanisms, realize dynamic stiffness adjustment and energy dissipation, enable the building structure to have bionic seismic characteristics at the initial design stage, enhance its self-repair and adjustment capabilities through the application of intelligent materials, draw on the advantages of biological structures, improve the overall performance of the building structure, initially form a building structure model with good seismic potential, and at the same time, the integration of intelligent materials can repair damage in time after an earthquake and maintain the stability of the structure; Step 4: Use the finite element analysis method to conduct numerical simulation analysis on the bionic-designed building structure under earthquake action, and conduct multi-dimensional evaluation on the seismic performance of the initial model, including the evaluation of the displacement, acceleration, internal force and energy dissipation of the structure. Then, adjust and improve the design according to the analysis and evaluation results, pre-evaluate the seismic performance of the building structure in the computer simulation environment, discover potential problems and deficiencies. Based on the finite element method, accurately calculate and analyze the response of the structure under earthquake action. Through multiple simulations and adjustments, gradually optimize the design scheme and improve the seismic reliability of the building structure; Step 5: Repeat the analysis and improvement process in Step 4, conduct physical model tests on the improved design scheme to verify its seismic performance under actual earthquake action, and finally optimize the design according to the test results to finally form the seismic design scheme of the building structure for the project. Use 3D printing technology to produce a 1:20 to 1:50 scale model, and the scaling ratio of the material effective modulus is 1:√(λ), where λ is the scaling ratio. Then conduct a loading test, and finally conduct a performance acceptance. The loading test includes small earthquake, medium earthquake and large earthquake loading tests. The acceptance criteria for performance acceptance are that the residual deformation after the large earthquake ≤ 2%, and the self-healing system triggering rate ≥ 90%. During the physical model test, the stress distribution and damage development inside the structure should be monitored synchronously. Use acoustic emission technology and fiber Bragg grating sensors to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the design scheme through actual tests, obtain the most real structural response data, load the physical model according to the characteristics of actual earthquake action, simulate the real earthquake situation, and be able to obtain the most direct and accurate structural seismic performance data.

[0021] In Step 1, the biological samples include: fractal tree-like structure organisms, lightweight and high-strength organisms, and dynamic adaptive organisms; The fractal tree-like structure organisms include mangrove roots and tree branches. Through a branch network with a fractal dimension of 1.2 to 1.8, simulate multi-level force transmission paths to avoid stress concentration; The lightweight and high-strength organisms include bamboo and shells. Utilize the gradient fiber distribution of bamboo joints, with a specific strength ≥ 100 MPa·cm³ / g, to balance stiffness and toughness; The dynamic adaptive organisms include bird joints and plant geotropic tissues. Imitate the friction-slip mechanism of joints, with a response time ≤ 0.5 s, to achieve rapid structural response.

[0022] The screening of biological prototypes gives the seismic design a logical basis for natural evolution and optimization; The fractal structure improves the earthquake energy dispersion efficiency by 20% - 40% and reduces the risk of local damage.

[0023] In Step 2, the design parameters are quantified. The number of branch levels n of the fractal structure is 3 - 5 levels, the branch angle θ is 15° - 60°, forming a multi-level energy dissipation path to extend the transmission time of seismic waves. The node spacing of the bamboo joint structure is 1 / 8 - 1 / 5 of the column height, and the laying angle of the fiber-reinforced composite material is 45° - 90°. The crack propagation is suppressed by the staggered distribution of fibers. The thickness ratio of the rigid layer to the flexible layer of the shell laminate is 2:1 - 5:1, and the interlayer bite depth is 1 - 3 mm. The layer is enhanced by the synergistic effect of the rigid layer for compression and the flexible layer for shear resistance.

[0024] In Step 4, the loading conditions for the finite element analysis include the type of seismic wave, the input peak acceleration, and the evaluation index. Type of seismic wave: EL-Centro wave, Taft, and synthetic wave. Evaluation index - input peak acceleration: 0.1g - 1.2g. Evaluation index: interlayer displacement angle ≤ 1 / 200, reduction rate of base shear force ≥ 30%.

[0025] To ensure that the structure has good seismic performance and energy dissipation capacity.

[0026] The loading test includes the following specific steps: Minor earthquake loading test: Input the seismic wave with a peak acceleration of 0.1g, record the seismic response data of the structure, and require the interlayer displacement angle ≤ 1 / 500 and no visible cracks. Moderate earthquake loading test: Input the seismic wave with the peak acceleration increased to 0.4g, evaluate the performance of the structure under moderate earthquake, and require the interlayer displacement angle ≤ 1 / 200 and the crack width ≤ 0.2 mm. Major earthquake loading test: Input the peak acceleration of 0.8g.

[0027] The acceptance criteria for performance acceptance are that the residual deformation after major earthquake ≤ 2% and the self-repair system trigger rate ≥ 90%.

[0028] Ensure that the structure still has recoverability and the value of continued use after experiencing a strong earthquake.

[0029] In Step 5, during the physical model test, the stress distribution and damage development inside the structure should be monitored synchronously, using acoustic emission technology and high-precision fiber Bragg grating sensors. Acoustic emission technology can capture in real time the energy signals released due to the generation and expansion of microcracks inside the structure, thus timely detecting potential damaged parts. The fiber Bragg grating sensor, with its high precision and strong anti-interference ability, accurately measures the stress changes inside the structure, providing accurate data support for evaluating the seismic performance of the structure. Through these monitoring means, the true response of the structure under seismic action can be deeply understood, providing a reliable basis for the optimization and improvement of the design.

[0030] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of a building structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: First, collect biological samples with earthquake resistance, then study the body structure of the organisms and their performance in earthquakes, and select organisms with excellent earthquake resistance as bionic objects; Step 2: Through mathematical modeling and mechanical analysis, a corresponding mechanical model is established based on the analysis results of the biological structure, the key seismic characteristics of the selected biological structure are converted into quantitative design parameters, and the seismic mechanical principles and energy dissipation mechanisms of the investigated biological structure are analyzed; Step 3: Apply the mechanical properties and design principles of biological structures to the design of building structures, and use architectural design software to build a preliminary building structure model; Step 4: Use the finite element analysis method to conduct numerical simulation analysis on the bionic design building structure under earthquake action, conduct a multi-dimensional evaluation of the seismic performance of the initial model, and adjust and improve the design based on the analysis and evaluation results; Step 5: Repeat the analysis and improvement process of step 4, conduct physical model tests on the improved design scheme to verify its seismic performance under actual earthquake action, optimize the design based on the test results, and finally form a seismic design scheme for the project's building structure.

2. The bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the biological samples include: fractal tree-structured organisms, light-weight and high-strength organisms, and dynamic adaptive organisms; The fractal tree-like structure organisms include mangrove roots and tree branches, and their fractal dimensions are 1.2 to 1.8; The light and high-strength biological materials include bamboo and shells, and their specific strength is ≥100MPa·cm³ / g; The dynamic adaptive organisms include bird joints and plant geotropic tissues, and their stress response time is ≤0.5s.

3. The bionic design method for optimizing seismic performance of building structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the step 2, the design parameters are quantified, the branching level n of the fractal structure is 3~5, the branching angle θ is 15°~60°, the node spacing of the bamboo structure is 1 / 8~1 / 5 of the column height, the laying angle of the fiber reinforced composite material is 45°~90°, the thickness ratio of the rigid layer to the flexible layer of the shell laminate is 2:1~5:1, and the interlayer bite depth is 1~3mm.

4. The bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the multi-dimensional evaluation includes evaluation of displacement, acceleration, internal force and energy dissipation of the structure.

5. The bionic design method for optimizing seismic performance of building structures according to claim 1 is characterized by: The loading conditions of the finite element analysis in step 4 include seismic wave type, input peak acceleration and evaluation index; The seismic wave types: EL-Centro wave, Taft wave and artificial synthetic wave; Evaluation index input peak acceleration: 0.1g~1.2g; Evaluation indicators: inter-story displacement angle ≤1 / 200, base shear reduction rate ≥30%.

6. The bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, a 1:20-1:50 scale model is produced by 3D printing technology, and the material effective modulus scaling ratio is 1:√(λ), where λ is the scale ratio. A loading test is then performed, and finally a performance acceptance is performed.

7. The bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of a building structure according to claim 6 is characterized by: The loading test comprises the following specific steps: Small earthquake loading test: input seismic waves with a peak acceleration of 0.1g, record the seismic response data of the structure, and require the inter-layer displacement angle to be ≤1 / 500 and no visible cracks; Moderate earthquake loading test: input seismic waves, with peak acceleration increased to 0.4g, to evaluate the performance of the structure under moderate earthquakes, requiring inter-layer displacement angle ≤1 / 200 and crack width ≤0.2mm; Large earthquake loading test: input peak acceleration 0.8g.

8. The bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of a building structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The acceptance criteria for the performance acceptance are that the residual deformation after a major earthquake is ≤2% and the self-repair system trigger rate is ≥90%.

9. The bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, during the physical model test, the stress distribution and damage development inside the structure should be monitored simultaneously using acoustic emission technology and fiber grating sensors.

10. The bionic design method for optimizing the seismic performance of a building structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, when constructing the building structure model, intelligent bionic materials are integrated at key nodes, and earthquake damage is repaired through microcapsule repair agents and microbial mineralization mechanisms to achieve dynamic stiffness regulation and energy dissipation.

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