400-channel temperature-zone-crossing microwave detection link

Abstract

The invention discloses a 400-channel cross-temperature-zone microwave detection link, and relates to the technical field of microwave detection, and the 400-channel cross-temperature-zone microwave detection link comprises six cold discs arranged in a refrigerator, namely a 300K cold disc, a 50K cold disc, a 4K cold disc, a 1K cold disc, a 100mK cold disc and a 10mK cold disc; a room temperature cable bundling assembly is arranged at the upper part of the 300K cold disc, and an airtight disc is arranged in a mounting through hole of the 300K cold disc; the cold disc layers comprise the 300K cold disc layer to the 50K cold disc layer, the 50K cold disc layer to the 4K cold disc layer, the 4K cold disc layer to the 1K cold disc layer, the 1K cold disc layer to the 100mK cold disc layer and the 100mK cold disc layer to the 10mK cold disc layer. According to the invention, the design of the cluster assembly is adopted, the device keeps high performance, the size is small, the link can work in an extremely low temperature environment (10mK), and the requirements of a quantum computer on temperature control and signal stability are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microwave detection, and particularly to a 400-channel microwave detection link across temperature ranges. Background Art

[0002] Quantum computers are one of the key research objects in quantum technology. The research on quantum computers is inseparable from the manipulation and reading of quantum bits. Since quantum states are extremely sensitive to the environment, many engineering technologies are required in the process of researching quantum bits. Dilution refrigerators can provide a necessary working environment for quantum bit research. It can provide a working environment of about 10 mK, and at the same time, the low-temperature environment can also suppress the thermal excitation of the bits as much as possible. With the development of multi-quantum bit research, more microwave detection links are needed.

[0003] With the continuous growth of the demand for extremely low temperature and extremely high-precision measurement in scientific experiments, microwave detection across temperature ranges has become an important technical field. Especially in the fields of cryophysics, quantum computing, and high-precision sensors, it is required to maintain high-quality transmission of microwave signals in different temperature ranges. However, due to the influence of temperature differences on the propagation of microwave signals, especially in the case of crossing extreme temperature gradients (such as between 300 K and 10 mK), traditional signal transmission methods have many problems, such as signal attenuation, thermal interference, increased noise, and signal distortion, resulting in a serious decline in detection accuracy.

[0004] In the prior art, although there are some microwave signal transmission methods in temperature ranges that can be applied to low-temperature environments, due to the significant temperature difference gradient, it is difficult to achieve stable and accurate signal transmission and detection in multi-temperature range and multi-level microwave detection systems. Especially in the signal transmission path between the low-temperature region (such as 100 mK to 10 mK) and room temperature (300 K), it is often affected by the temperature difference and corresponding attenuation and noise between different temperature ranges, resulting in the signal quality not being fully guaranteed, thereby affecting the overall system performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this part is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this part, as well as in the abstract and title of the specification of this application, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this part, the abstract, and the title. However, such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art of a 400-channel microwave detection link across temperature ranges, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A 400-channel microwave detection link across temperature ranges, comprising: six cold plates arranged in a refrigerator, namely: a 300K cold plate, a 50K cold plate, a 4K cold plate, a 1K cold plate, a 100mK cold plate, and a 10mK cold plate. Each cold plate is provided with an installation through-hole.

[0009] A room-temperature cable bundling assembly is arranged above the 300K cold plate, and an airtight plate is installed in the installation through-hole of the 300K cold plate. The room-temperature cable bundling assembly is connected to the airtight plate.

[0010] From the 300K cold plate layer to the 50K cold plate layer, from the 50K cold plate layer to the 4K cold plate layer, from the 4K cold plate layer to the 1K cold plate layer, from the 1K cold plate layer to the 100mK cold plate layer, and from the 100mK cold plate layer to the 10mK cold plate layer, each layer includes a cryogenic cable bundling assembly, a cryogenic heat sink plate, and an attenuator bundling assembly. The cryogenic cable bundling assembly located from the 300K cold plate layer to the 50K cold plate layer is used to connect the airtight plate to the cryogenic heat sink plate and the attenuator bundling assembly.

[0011] The cryogenic heat sink plate and the attenuator bundling assembly at the bottom of the 10mK cold plate are connected to a low-pass filter bundling assembly, and an infrared filter bundling assembly is connected to the low-pass filter bundling assembly. The infrared filter bundling assembly is connected to a signal receiver through a tinned copper cable bundling assembly.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the 400-channel microwave detection link across temperature ranges of the present invention, wherein: the room-temperature cable bundling assembly includes: a room-temperature cable bundling cavity, a room-temperature cable fixedly connected to the room-temperature cable bundling cavity, and a cable connector fixedly connected to the room-temperature cable. The airtight plate includes: an airtight adapter bundling cavity, and an airtight adapter sintered and fixed at a high temperature inside the airtight adapter bundling cavity. The cable connector is cooperatively connected to the airtight adapter.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the 400-channel microwave detection link across temperature ranges of the present invention, wherein: the cryogenic cable bundling assembly includes: a cryogenic cable bundling cavity, a cryogenic cable, and a cryogenic cable connector. The installation length of the cryogenic cable is set to be greater than the distance between the 300K cold plate and the 50K cold plate. The cryogenic heat sink plate and the attenuator bundling assembly include: a heat sink plate and an attenuator bundling assembly. The attenuator bundling assembly includes: an attenuator bundling cavity and an attenuator arranged inside the attenuator bundling cavity. Both ends of the cryogenic cable are connected to the airtight adapter or the attenuator through the cryogenic cable connector.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the 400-channel cross-temperature-region microwave detection link described in the present invention, the infrared filter bundle assembly includes an infrared filter bundle housing and infrared filters, the low-pass filter bundle assembly includes a low-pass filter bundle cavity and low-pass filters, and the tinned copper cable bundle assembly includes a tinned copper cable bundle cavity, tinned copper cables, and tinned copper cable connectors.

[0015] A detection method applied to the above 400-channel cross-temperature-region microwave detection link, the method comprising:

[0016] Step 1: The microwave signal starts to be transmitted from the 300K cold disk layer through the room-temperature cable bundle assembly, and when passing through each temperature-region layer, the set attenuator assembly is used to suppress external noise, and at the same time, the signal heat is quickly dissipated to the low-temperature heat sink disk to reduce thermal interference;

[0017] Step 2: The signal finally passes through the low-pass filter bundle assembly and the infrared filter bundle assembly to further filter out weak noise and infrared light interference, and the final signal is transmitted to the receiver through the tinned copper cable bundle assembly;

[0018] Step 3: According to the received signal data, evaluate the signal quality. If the signal quality is lower than the normal threshold, formulate an adjustment plan according to the set feedback algorithm. The plan includes adjusting the signal transmission parameters of each layer to optimize the working states of the low-temperature cable bundle assembly and the infrared filter bundle assembly.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the 400-channel cross-temperature-region microwave detection method described in the present invention, in the above Step 3, the adjustment plan includes: evaluating and adjusting the signal attenuation amount between the 300K layer and the 100mK layer, that is, adjusting the attenuation amount to avoid excessive thermal interference and noise in the low-temperature environment;

[0020] Specifically, it includes: estimating the attenuation amount A total , and performing attenuation adjustment through the relationship between temperature and wavelength. The calculation formula is:

[0021]

[0022] where γ0 represents the temperature-dependent attenuation constant, β represents the constant related to temperature and material, α represents the attenuation temperature coefficient, λ represents the wavelength of the microwave signal, and T represents the current temperature;

[0023] Evaluate the attenuation amount A total according to the above formula. If the attenuation amount is higher than the threshold, the attenuator assembly needs to be adjusted.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the 400-channel cross-temperature-region microwave detection method of the present invention, in step three, the adjustment scheme further includes: adjusting the low-pass filter between the 100 mK layer and the 10 mK layer, analyzing the spectrum of the received signal, adjusting the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter, and optimizing the signal quality;

[0025] Specifically, the cut-off frequency calculation formula of the optimized low-pass filter is F c :

[0026]

[0027] where δ represents the signal-to-noise ratio at frequency f, γ represents a variable dependent on temperature T, and η represents a constant related to device characteristics.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the 400-channel cross-temperature-region microwave detection method of the present invention, in step three, the adjustment scheme further includes: adjusting from below the 10 mK layer to the receiving end, adjusting the gain of the receiver according to the intensity of the received signal, to avoid the signal being too weak to be read or too strong to cause signal distortion;

[0029] Specifically, the signal intensity S of the receiver should satisfy [S min , S max . If then according to the gain adjustment formula:

[0030]

[0031] where θ represents the gain adjustment constant, represents the temperature-related gain coefficient, and τ represents the gain sensitivity factor. Reconfigure and apply the adjusted gain to the receiver, and re-measure the signal intensity S.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the 400-channel cross-temperature-region microwave detection method of the present invention, the signal quality is evaluated by comprehensively calculating the signal attenuation amount, the filter cut-off frequency, and the receiver gain. The signal quality evaluation formula is:

[0033]

[0034] where A total (T i ), F c (T i ), G(T i ), and α(T i ) respectively represent the signal attenuation amount, the low-pass filter cut-off frequency, the receiver gain, and the attenuation temperature coefficient of the i-th temperature region, N represents the number of temperature regions, and ψ represents the sensitivity coefficient for signal quality anomaly detection.

[0035] As a preferred solution of the 400-channel cross-temperature microwave detection method described in the present invention, where: if obvious abnormal noise or signal attenuation appears in the signal quality evaluation and cannot be improved even after the adjustment in Step 3, immediately check the performance of the attenuator cluster components and transmission cables in each temperature zone, and perform maintenance or replacement if necessary.

[0036] Advantages of the present invention:

[0037] 1. Due to the design of the cluster component, the device has a very small volume while maintaining high performance, is suitable for the limited space inside the dilution refrigerator, and is convenient for mass production; the link can work in an extremely low temperature environment (10 mK), meets the requirements of the quantum computer for temperature control and signal stability, and at the same time maintains low noise and low heat conduction; the cluster component design simplifies the assembly process and is easy to process and assemble.

[0038] 2. The present invention uses an intelligent feedback algorithm to adjust the signal transmission parameters (such as attenuation, filter cut-off frequency, receiving gain) of each level in real time, greatly improving the stability and signal quality of the system, especially suitable for precise detection in an environment with a large temperature difference; and during the entire transmission process, it can dynamically monitor the signal quality and optimize and adjust according to the evaluation results to ensure that the signal is always in the best state and avoid performance degradation caused by temperature difference changes. Description of the Drawings

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts. Among them:

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the total cold plate of a 400-channel cross-temperature microwave detection link proposed by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 400-channel cross-temperature microwave detection link proposed by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a room temperature cable cluster component;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an airtight disk;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cryogenic cable cluster component;

[0045] Figure 6It is a structural diagram of a cryogenic heat sink disk and an attenuator cluster component;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of an attenuator cluster component;

[0047] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of an infrared filter cluster component;

[0048] Figure 9 It is a structural diagram of a low-pass filter cluster component;

[0049] Figure 10 It is a structural diagram of a tinned copper cable cluster component of a 400-channel microwave detection link across temperature regions proposed by the present invention.

[0050] In the figure: 101 - 300K cold disk, 102 - 50K cold disk, 103 - 4K cold disk, 104 - 1K cold disk, 105 - 100mK cold disk, 106 - 10mK cold disk, 2 - room temperature cable cluster component, 3 - airtight disk, 4 - cryogenic cable cluster component, 5 - cryogenic heat sink disk and attenuator cluster component, 6 - low-pass filter cluster component, 7 - infrared filter cluster component, 8 - tinned copper cable cluster component, 201 - room temperature cable cluster cavity, 202 - room temperature cable, 203 - cable connector, 301 - airtight adapter cluster cavity, 302 - airtight adapter, 401 - cryogenic cable cluster cavity, 402 - cryogenic cable, 403 - cryogenic cable connector, 501 - heat sink disk, 502 - attenuator cluster component, 502-1 - attenuator cluster cavity, 502-2 - attenuator, 701 - infrared filter cluster housing, 702 - infrared filter, 601 - low-pass filter cluster cavity, 602 - low-pass filter, 801 - tinned copper cable cluster cavity, 802 - tinned copper cable, 803 - tinned copper cable connector. Detailed implementation manners

[0051] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.

[0052] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0053] Second, the so-called "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to specific features, structures or characteristics that may be included in at least one implementation manner of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an individual or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0054] Thirdly, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for the sake of convenience of explanation, the cross-sectional views showing the device structure will be enlarged locally in a non-general proportion, and the schematic diagrams are only examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention herein. In addition, in actual production, three-dimensional spatial dimensions including length, width and depth should be included.

[0055] Referring to Figure 1 - Figure 10 , as an embodiment of the present invention, a 400-channel microwave detection link across temperature ranges is provided, including: six cold plates arranged in a refrigerator, which are respectively: 300K cold plate 101, 50K cold plate 102, 4K cold plate 103, 1K cold plate 104, 100mK cold plate 105, and 10mK cold plate 106. Each cold plate is provided with an installation through hole.

[0056] A room temperature cable bundling assembly 2 is arranged above the 300K cold plate 101, and an airtight plate 3 is installed in the installation through hole of the 300K cold plate 101. The room temperature cable bundling assembly 2 is connected to the airtight plate 3.

[0057] Specifically, the room temperature cable bundling assembly 2 includes: a room temperature cable bundling cavity 201, a room temperature cable 202 fixedly connected to the room temperature cable bundling cavity 201, and a cable connector 203 fixedly connected to the room temperature cable 202. The airtight plate 3 includes: an airtight adapter bundling cavity 301, and an airtight adapter 302 fixedly sintered at high temperature in the airtight adapter bundling cavity 301. The cable connector 203 is cooperatively connected to the airtight adapter 302.

[0058] From the 300K cold plate 101 layer to the 50K cold plate 102 layer, from the 50K cold plate 102 layer to the 4K cold plate 103 layer, from the 4K cold plate 103 layer to the 1K cold plate 104 layer, from the 1K cold plate 104 layer to the 100mK cold plate 105 layer, and from the 100mK cold plate 105 layer to the 10mK cold plate 106 layer, each layer includes a low-temperature cable bundling assembly 4 and a low-temperature heat sink plate and attenuator bundling assembly 5. The low-temperature cable bundling assembly 4 located from the 300K cold plate 101 layer to the 50K cold plate 102 layer is used to connect the airtight plate 3 and the low-temperature heat sink plate and attenuator bundling assembly 5.

[0059] The cryogenic cable bundle assembly 4 includes: a cryogenic cable bundle cavity 401, cryogenic cables 402, and cryogenic cable connectors 403. The installed length of the cryogenic cables 402 is set to be greater than the distance between the 300K cold plate 101 and the 50K cold plate 102. The cryogenic heat sink plate and attenuator bundle assembly 5 includes: a heat sink plate 501 and an attenuator bundle assembly 502. The attenuator bundle assembly 502 includes: an attenuator bundle cavity 502-1 and attenuators 502-2 provided inside the attenuator bundle cavity 502-1. Both ends of the cryogenic cables 402 are connected to the airtight adapter 302 or the attenuators 502-2 through the cryogenic cable connectors 403.

[0060] The cryogenic heat sink plate and attenuator bundle assembly 5 at the bottom of the 10mK cold plate 106 is connected to a low-pass filter bundle assembly 6, and an infrared filter bundle assembly 7 is connected to the low-pass filter bundle assembly 6. The infrared filter bundle assembly 7 is connected to a signal receiver through a tinned copper cable bundle assembly 8. The infrared filter bundle assembly 7 includes an infrared filter bundle housing 701 and infrared filters 702. The low-pass filter bundle assembly 6 includes a low-pass filter bundle cavity 601 and low-pass filters 602. The tinned copper cable bundle assembly 8 includes a tinned copper cable bundle cavity 801, tinned copper cables 802, and tinned copper cable connectors 803.

[0061] Using the detection method of the above-mentioned 400-channel cross-temperature microwave detection link, the method includes: The method includes:

[0062] Step 1: The microwave signal starts to be transmitted from the 300K cold plate layer through the room temperature cable bundle assembly, and passes through each temperature zone layer. The set attenuator assemblies are used to suppress external noise, and at the same time, the signal heat is quickly dissipated to the cryogenic heat sink plate to reduce thermal interference.

[0063] Step 2: The signal finally passes through the low-pass filter bundle assembly and the infrared filter bundle assembly to further filter out weak noise and infrared light interference. The final signal is transmitted to the receiver through the tinned copper cable bundle assembly.

[0064] Step 3: According to the received signal data, evaluate the signal quality. If the signal quality is lower than the normal threshold, formulate an adjustment plan according to the set feedback algorithm. The plan includes adjusting the signal transmission parameters of each layer to optimize the working states of the cryogenic cable bundle assembly and the infrared filter bundle assembly.

[0065] There are multiple adjustment plans, which are respectively:

[0066] Plan 1: Evaluation and adjustment of the signal attenuation amount between the 300K layer and the 100mK layer, that is, adjusting the attenuation amount to avoid excessive thermal interference and noise in the low-temperature environment.

[0067] Specifically, it includes estimating the attenuation amount A based on signal spectrum analysis total , and performing attenuation adjustment through the relationship between temperature and wavelength. The calculation formula is:

[0068]

[0069] where γ0 represents the temperature-dependent attenuation constant, β represents the constant related to temperature and material, α represents the attenuation temperature coefficient, λ represents the wavelength of the microwave signal, and T represents the current temperature;

[0070] Evaluate the attenuation amount A according to the above formula total . If the attenuation amount is higher than the threshold, the attenuator component needs to be adjusted. This formula reflects the attenuation amount A of the microwave signal passing through the attenuator in different temperature regions (300K to 100mK layer) in integral form total , and is weighted according to the changes in wavelength and temperature. The response adjustment of the attenuator at different temperature layers is adjusted by the temperature-dependent attenuation constant γ0 and the temperature-dependent exponential function exp(-α·(T - 100K)).

[0071] Solution 2: Adjustment of the low-pass filter between the 100mK layer and the 10mK layer. Analyze the spectrum of the received signal, adjust the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter, and optimize the signal quality;

[0072] Specifically, the calculation formula for the cut-off frequency of the optimized low-pass filter is F c :

[0073]

[0074] where δ represents the signal-to-noise ratio at frequency f, γ represents the variable dependent on temperature T, and η represents the constant related to the device characteristics. This formula calculates the adjustment value F of the low-pass filter by integrating the frequency, comprehensively considering the spectral characteristics of the signal and the temperature influence c .

[0075] Solution 3: Adjustment from below the 10mK layer to the receiving end. According to the intensity of the received signal, adjust the gain of the receiver to avoid the signal being too weak to be read or too strong to cause signal distortion;

[0076] Specifically, the signal intensity S of the receiver should satisfy [S min , S max . If then according to the gain adjustment formula:

[0077]

[0078] where θ represents the gain adjustment constant, Let \(A(T)\) represent the temperature-related gain coefficient, and \(\tau\) represent the gain sensitivity factor. Reconfigure and apply the gain adjusted to the receiver, and re-measure the signal strength \(S\). This formula, in the form of frequency integration, comprehensively considers the received signal strength and the influence of temperature on the receiver gain. The goal of gain adjustment is to avoid reading failures caused by overly weak signals or signal distortion caused by overly strong signals.

[0079] In summary, evaluate the signal quality through the comprehensive calculation of the signal attenuation amount, the filter cut-off frequency, and the receiver gain. The signal quality evaluation formula is:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, \(A\) total (T i ), \(F\) c (T i ), \(G(T\) i ), \(\alpha(T\) i ) respectively represent the signal attenuation amount, the low-pass filter cut-off frequency, the receiver gain, and the attenuation temperature coefficient of the \(i\)-th temperature zone. \(N\) represents the number of temperature zones, and \(\psi\) represents the sensitivity coefficient for signal quality anomaly detection. If there are obvious abnormal noises or signal attenuation phenomena in the signal quality evaluation, that is, considering the equipment damage situation and it cannot be improved even after the adjustment in Step 3, then immediately check the performance of the attenuator cluster components and transmission cables in each temperature zone, and repair or replace them if necessary.

[0082] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not restrictive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 400-channel cross-temperature microwave detection link, characterized in that: include: Six cold plates are arranged in the refrigerator, namely: a 300K cold plate (101), a 50K cold plate (102), a 4K cold plate (103), a 1K cold plate (104), a 100mK cold plate (105), and a 10mK cold plate (106), each cold plate having a mounting through hole; A room temperature cable cluster assembly (2) is arranged on the upper part of the 300K cold plate (101), and an airtight plate (3) is installed in the installation through hole of the 300K cold plate (101), and the room temperature cable cluster assembly (2) and the airtight plate (3) are connected; The 300K cold plate (101) layer to the 50K cold plate (102) layer, the 50K cold plate (102) layer to the 4K cold plate (103) layer, the 4K cold plate (103) layer to the 1K cold plate (104) layer, the 1K cold plate (104) layer to the 100mK cold plate (105) layer, and the 100mK cold plate (105) layer to the 10mK cold plate (106) layer, each layer includes a low-temperature cable bundle assembly (4) and a low-temperature heat sink and attenuator bundle assembly (5), and the low-temperature cable bundle assembly (4) located from the 300K cold plate (101) layer to the 50K cold plate (102) layer is used to connect the airtight plate (3) and the low-temperature heat sink and attenuator bundle assembly (5); The low-temperature heat sink and attenuator cluster assembly (5) at the bottom of the 10mK cold plate (106) are connected to a low-pass filter cluster assembly (6), and the low-pass filter cluster assembly (6) is connected to an infrared filter cluster assembly (7), and the infrared filter cluster assembly (7) is connected to a signal receiver via a tinned copper cable cluster assembly (8).

2. A 400-channel cross-temperature zone microwave detection link according to claim 1, characterized in that: The room temperature cable bundling assembly (2) comprises: a room temperature cable bundling cavity (201), a room temperature cable (202) fixedly connected to the room temperature cable bundling cavity (201), and a cable connector (203) fixedly connected to the room temperature cable (202); the airtight disk (3) comprises: an airtight adapter bundling cavity (301), and an airtight adapter (302) fixed in the airtight adapter bundling cavity (301) by high temperature sintering; the cable connector (203) is connected in a matching manner to the airtight adapter (302).

3. A 400-channel cross-temperature zone microwave detection link according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cryogenic cable cluster assembly (4) comprises: a cryogenic cable cluster cavity (401), a cryogenic cable (402) and a cryogenic cable connector (403); the cryogenic heat sink and attenuator cluster assembly (5) comprises: a heat sink (501) and an attenuator cluster assembly (502); the attenuator cluster assembly (502) comprises: an attenuator cluster cavity (502-1) and an attenuator (502-2) arranged inside the attenuator cluster cavity (502-1); and both ends of the cryogenic cable (402) are connected to an airtight adapter (302) or an attenuator (502-2) via a cryogenic cable connector (403).

4. A 400-channel cross-temperature zone microwave detection link according to claim 3, characterized in that: The infrared filter cluster assembly (7) comprises an infrared filter cluster housing (701) and an infrared filter (702); the low-pass filter cluster assembly (6) comprises a low-pass filter cluster cavity (601) and a low-pass filter (602); and the tinned copper cable cluster assembly (8) comprises a tinned copper cable cluster cavity (801), a tinned copper cable (802) and a tinned copper cable connector (803).

5. A 400-channel cross-temperature microwave detection method, applied to the 400-channel cross-temperature microwave detection link of claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes: Step 1: The microwave signal starts to be transmitted from the 300K cold disk layer through the room temperature bundled cable assembly. When passing through each temperature zone layer in turn, the attenuator assembly is set to suppress external noise, and at the same time, the signal heat is quickly dissipated to the low-temperature heat sink to reduce thermal interference; Step 2: The signal finally passes through the low-pass filter cluster assembly and the infrared filter cluster assembly to further filter out weak noise and infrared light interference, and finally the signal is transmitted to the receiver through the tinned copper cable cluster assembly; Step 3: Evaluate the signal quality based on the received signal data. If the signal quality is lower than the normal threshold, formulate an adjustment plan based on the set feedback algorithm. The plan includes adjusting the signal transmission parameters at each level to optimize the working state of the cryogenic cluster cable assembly and the infrared filter cluster assembly.

6. A 400-channel cross-temperature zone microwave detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 3, the adjustment scheme includes: evaluating and adjusting the signal attenuation between the 300K layer and the 100mK layer, that is, adjusting the attenuation to avoid excessive thermal interference and noise in a low temperature environment; Specifically include: based on signal spectrum analysis, estimate the attenuation A total , and adjust the attenuation according to the relationship between temperature and wavelength. The calculation formula is: Among them, γ0 represents the temperature-dependent attenuation constant, β represents the constant related to temperature and material, α represents the attenuation temperature coefficient, λ represents the wavelength of the microwave signal, and T represents the current temperature; Evaluate the attenuation A according to the above formula total , if the attenuation is above the threshold, the attenuator component needs to be adjusted.

7. A 400-channel cross-temperature zone microwave detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step 3, the adjustment scheme also includes: adjusting the low-pass filter between the 100mK layer and the 10mK layer, analyzing the spectrum of the received signal, adjusting the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter, and optimizing the signal quality; Specifically, the cutoff frequency calculation formula of the optimized low-pass filter is F c : Among them, δ represents the signal-to-noise ratio at frequency f, γ represents a variable that depends on temperature T, and η represents a constant related to device characteristics.

8. A 400-channel cross-temperature zone microwave detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step 3, the adjustment scheme also includes: adjustment below the 10mK layer to the receiving end, adjusting the gain of the receiver according to the received signal strength to avoid the signal being too weak to be read or too strong to cause signal distortion; Specifically, the signal strength S of the receiver should satisfy [S min , S max ],like According to the gain adjustment formula: Where θ is the gain adjustment constant, represents the temperature-dependent gain coefficient, τ represents the gain sensitivity factor, and the adjusted gain is reconfigured and applied to the receiver to remeasure the signal strength S.

9. A 400-channel cross-temperature zone microwave detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The signal quality is evaluated by comprehensive calculation of signal attenuation, filter cutoff frequency and receiver gain. The signal quality evaluation formula is: Among them, A total (T i ), F c (T i )、G(T i ), α(T i ) represent the signal attenuation, low-pass filter cutoff frequency, receiver gain, and attenuation temperature coefficient of the ith temperature zone, respectively. N represents the number of temperature zones. ψ represents the sensitivity coefficient of signal quality anomaly detection.

10. A 400-channel cross-temperature zone microwave detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the signal quality evaluation shows obvious abnormal noise or signal attenuation, and the adjustment in step 3 cannot improve the situation, immediately check the performance of the attenuator cluster components and transmission cables in each temperature zone and repair or replace them.

Images