Solar photovoltaic panel surface cleaning system installed on water surface

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic panel surface cleaning system installed on the water surface, and relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic panel installation and application. According to the invention, a plurality of cleaning pipes are arranged above the obliquely arranged solar photovoltaic panel, and a plurality of cleaning nozzle groups are arranged on the peripheral side wall of each cleaning pipe in the length direction of the cleaning pipe, so that the cleaning nozzle groups of all the cleaning pipes are controlled to spray water to complete primary flushing; then the corresponding cleaning pipes are gradually closed from bottom to top, the flushing function of the corresponding cleaning pipes is terminated, the speed of water flow sprayed by the cleaning spray head sets of the other cleaning pipes is increased, and then the cleaning effect is improved; and the situation that part of garbage adheres to the upper portion of the cleaning pipe when the cleaning pipe is flushed from top to bottom is avoided, namely, the cleaning effect on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel is improved through the scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photovoltaic panel installation and application, and particularly relates to a surface cleaning system for a solar photovoltaic panel installed on water surface. Background Technique

[0002] Solar photovoltaic power generation, as a new type of green renewable resource, is widely used in production and life by people. During the use of existing solar photovoltaic modules, impurities and garbage on the surface of the photovoltaic modules will accumulate on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panels if not cleaned for a long time, which will affect the energy absorption and power generation effect of the solar photovoltaic modules. Therefore, during use, it is necessary to clean the impurities, dust, etc. accumulated on the surface of the photovoltaic modules, so as to maintain the cleanliness of the surface of the solar photovoltaic panels.

[0003] For example, CN220173184U discloses a photovoltaic solar panel assembly, which sets a cleaning water pipe above the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel, and a plurality of spray heads with the same interval are connected to the bottom of the cleaning water pipe. During use, the water flow sprayed by the spray heads is used to clean the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel. In practice, the flushing range formed by the spray heads on a single cleaning water pipe is limited, that is to say, it cannot clean the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel well during use; however, when multiple cleaning water pipes are set to expand the flushing coverage area, in practical applications, simultaneous flushing not only causes waste of water source, but also easily leaves water stains on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel after flushing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the invention is to provide a surface cleaning system for a solar photovoltaic panel installed on water surface. By setting a plurality of cleaning pipes above the inclined solar photovoltaic panel, and a plurality of cleaning nozzle groups are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the cleaning pipe along its length direction. During use, after initially flushing by controlling the cleaning nozzle groups of all cleaning pipes to spray water, then gradually close the corresponding cleaning pipes from bottom to top to terminate the flushing function of the corresponding cleaning pipes, and increase the water flow speed sprayed by the cleaning nozzle groups of other cleaning pipes, thereby increasing the cleaning effect. The method of gradually closing from bottom to top is adopted to avoid the situation that when the cleaning pipes are flushed from top to bottom, some garbage adheres to the upper part of the cleaning pipe. That is to say, this solution improves the cleaning effect on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel and solves the problems raised in the background technique.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention is a surface cleaning system for a solar photovoltaic panel installed on the water surface, including a bracket for installing the solar photovoltaic panel, and the top of the bracket protrudes from the water surface; after installation, the solar photovoltaic panel is inclined; several cleaning pipes are arranged above the solar photovoltaic panel, and several cleaning nozzle groups are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the cleaning pipe along its length direction, and any one of the cleaning nozzle groups includes several cleaning nozzles communicated with the cleaning pipe; several cleaning pipes are arranged along the inclined direction of the solar photovoltaic panel; any two adjacent cleaning pipes are communicated through a connecting pipe A, and a valve A is arranged on the connecting pipe A; the cleaning pipe at the topmost part is communicated with a water pump A through a connecting pipe B, the water pump A is arranged below the water surface, and a valve B is arranged on the connecting pipe B; several valves A from top to bottom are sequentially marked as P1, P2, ……, Pn; when cleaning the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel, the following steps are included:

[0007] Step 1: Control the valves A marked as P1, P2, ……, Pn to be all opened and start the water pump A;

[0008] Step 2: After spraying water for T1 time, close the valves A one by one in the order of Pn, Pn-1, ……, P2, P1 until all the valves A are closed and then close the water pump A.

[0009] Further, in Step 2, the closing interval times of the valves A in the order of Pn, Pn-1, ……, P2, P1 are T2, T2+N, T2+2N, ……, T2+(n-2)N in sequence; after closing the valve A marked as P1, wait for T2+(n-1)N time and then close the water pump A.

[0010] Further, the cleaning pipe includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe fixed on the outer pipe through a support block, and both ends of the inner pipe are closed; several spray pipes with one end penetrating and extending to the outside of the outer pipe are communicated with the inner pipe, and the end of the spray pipe is connected with a cleaning nozzle; the outer wall of the inner pipe is communicated with the inside of the outer pipe through a conduction pipe; an interface for connecting the connecting pipe A is arranged at the end of the outer pipe; after installation, the outer side wall of the inner pipe provided with the conduction pipe is at the bottom end; and the bottom end surface of the conduction pipe is higher than the top of the interface.

[0011] Further, one end of the cleaning pipe at the bottommost part is communicated with a drain pipe, and a valve C is arranged on the drain pipe;

[0012] In Step 2, after closing the valve A marked as Pn, open the valve C, and in Step 1, close the valve C.

[0013] Further, an installation component for installing pump A is also provided below the water surface; the installation component includes a floating box, a box body is fixed on the top of the floating box, the peripheral side wall of the box body is provided with a filter screen, and pump A is installed in the box body; a cavity is arranged in the floating box, a pump B is arranged in the cavity, and a plurality of flushing nozzles A with the water outlet ends facing the inner wall surface of the filter screen are arranged inside the box body. A plurality of flushing nozzles B with the water outlet ends facing the outer wall surface of the filter screen are arranged on the outer top surface of the floating box on the peripheral side of the box body; the water outlet ends of pump B are respectively communicated with flushing nozzle A and flushing nozzle B through a water supply pipeline A and a water supply pipeline B; a water inlet hole is opened on the bottom side surface of the cavity, and a water inlet valve is arranged at the water inlet hole; a liquid level sensor is arranged in the cavity; a sewage discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom side surface of the box body, and a sewage discharge valve is arranged on the sewage discharge pipe;

[0014] It also includes a connecting frame connected to one side of the bracket, and at least two vertical rods extending below the water surface are connected to the bottom of the connecting frame; a guide sleeve for guiding and cooperating with the vertical rods is arranged on the peripheral side of the floating box.

[0015] Further, one side of the inner pipe is also communicated with an air pipe that penetrates and extends to the outside of the outer pipe; the air pipe of the cleaning pipe at the topmost part is connected to an exhaust pipe, and an exhaust valve A is arranged on the exhaust pipe; the air pipe of the cleaning pipe at the bottommost part is connected to an air inlet pipeline, and one end of the air inlet pipeline is connected to an air pump.

[0016] Further, after step 2, it also includes:

[0017] Step 3: Control valves A marked as P1, P2, ……, Pn to be all opened, and start the air pump;

[0018] Step 4: After jetting for time T3, close valves A one by one in the order of P1, P2, ……, Pn until all valves A are closed and then close the air pump;

[0019] In step 4, valves A are closed in the order of P1, P2, ……, Pn, and the closing intervals are T4, T4 + N, T4 + 2N, ……, T4+(n - 2)N in sequence;

[0020] After closing valve A marked as Pn, wait for time T4+(n - 1)N and then close the air pump;

[0021] In step 4, when valve A marked as P1 is closed, open exhaust valve A at this time.

[0022] Further, an anti-backflow mechanism is provided in the middle section of the intake pipeline; the anti-backflow mechanism includes a cylinder body that remains with its top facing upward during installation, and the bottom side of the cylinder body is provided with an insertion tube A and an insertion tube B; the top end surface of the insertion tube A is higher than the top end surface of the insertion tube B, and the inner wall of the cylinder body directly above the top end surface of the insertion tube A is connected through a mounting bracket with a waterproof cover covering the top of the insertion tube A; the bottom end of the insertion tube B is communicated with a drain pipe, and a drain valve is communicated on the drain pipe.

[0023] Further, a connecting pipe B is connected between any two adjacent cleaning pipes, a valve D is provided on the connecting pipe B, and both ends of the connecting pipe B are respectively connected to two air pipes located in different cleaning pipes; a plurality of valves D from top to bottom are sequentially marked as M1, M2, ……, Mn;

[0024] Further, after step 2, it further includes:

[0025] Step 3: Control the valves D marked as M1, M2, ……, Mn to be all opened, and start the air pump;

[0026] Step 4: After jetting for time T3, close the valves D one by one in the order of M1, M2, ……, Mn until all the valves D are closed and then turn off the air pump;

[0027] In step 4, close the valves D in the order of M1, M2, ……, Mn, and the closing interval times are T5, T5 + N, T5 + 2N, ……, T5 + (n - 2)N in sequence; after closing the valve D marked as Mn, wait for time T5 + (n - 1)N and then turn off the air pump; in step 4, when the valve D marked as M1 is closed, at this time, open the exhaust valve A.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] In the present invention, by arranging a plurality of cleaning pipes above the inclined solar photovoltaic panel, and a plurality of cleaning nozzle groups are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the cleaning pipe along its length direction. During use, after initially flushing by controlling the cleaning nozzle groups of all the cleaning pipes to spray water, then gradually close the corresponding cleaning pipes from bottom to top to terminate the flushing function of the corresponding cleaning pipes, and increase the water flow speed sprayed by the cleaning nozzle groups of other cleaning pipes, thereby enhancing the cleaning effect. By adopting the gradually closing method from bottom to top, it avoids the situation that when flushing the cleaning pipes in the way from top to bottom, some garbage adheres to the upper part of the cleaning pipe. That is to say, this solution improves the cleaning effect on the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel.

[0030] Certainly, when implementing any product of the present invention, it is not necessarily required to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages simultaneously. Description of the Drawings

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the surface cleaning system of the solar photovoltaic panel of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning pipe of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the installation component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the box body and the floating box of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the surface cleaning system of the solar photovoltaic panel of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the anti-backflow mechanism of the structure of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "periphery", etc. indicating the orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1As shown in the figure, the present invention is a surface cleaning system for a solar photovoltaic panel installed on the water surface, including a bracket 1 for installing the solar photovoltaic panel 100, and the top of the bracket 1 protrudes from the water surface; after installation, the solar photovoltaic panel 100 is inclined; and a number of support frames 101 protruding from the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 100 are provided on both sides of the bracket 1. During use, eight cleaning pipes 2 are installed above the solar photovoltaic panel 100 through the provided support frames 101, and the eight cleaning pipes 2 are arranged at equal intervals along the inclined direction of the solar photovoltaic panel 100. Both ends of any cleaning pipe 2 are supported and fixed on the top of a support frame 101; and in order to facilitate the cleaning of the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel, a number of cleaning nozzle groups are provided on the circumferential side wall of each cleaning pipe 2, and each cleaning nozzle group includes a plurality of cleaning nozzles distributed in a ring. During use, any two adjacent cleaning pipes 2 are connected through a connecting pipe A22, and a valve A221 is provided on the connecting pipe 22A; the cleaning pipe 2 at the topmost is connected to a water pump A24 through a connecting pipe B23, the water pump A24 is arranged below the water surface, and a valve B231 is provided on the connecting pipe B23.

[0041] Based on the above settings, the several valves A221 from top to bottom are sequentially marked as P1, P2, ……, P8; when cleaning the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 100, the following steps are included:

[0042] Step 1, control the valves A221 marked as P1, P2, ……, P8 to be all opened and start the water pump A24;

[0043] Step 2, after spraying water for 1 minute, close the valves A221 one by one in the order of P8, P7, ……, P2, P1 until all the valves A221 are closed and then close the water pump A24.

[0044] And in Step 2, the closing interval times of the valves A221 in the order of P8, P7, ……, P2, P1 are 20s, 30s, 40s, ……, 80s in sequence;

[0045] After closing the valve A221 marked as P1, wait for 90s and then close the water pump A24.

[0046] Specifically, the present invention provides a specific structure of the cleaning pipe 2, such as Figure 2 , the cleaning pipe 2 includes an outer pipe 201 and an inner pipe 20: the inner pipe 20 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer pipe 1 through a support block 202, and both ends of the inner pipe 20 are closed; at the same time, the inner pipe is connected to a number of spray pipes 203, and the ends of the spray pipes 203 penetrate through the outer pipe 201 and are connected to cleaning nozzles; at the same time, a conduction pipe 204 is connected to the outer wall of the inner pipe 20, and an interface for connecting the connecting pipe A22 is provided at the end of the outer pipe 201; after installation, the outer side wall of the inner pipe 20 provided with the conduction pipe 204 is at the bottom end; and the bottom end surface of the conduction pipe 204 is higher than the top of the interface to ensure smooth drainage.

[0047] Based on the above steps 1 and 2 and the setting of the cleaning pipe 2, after the actions of steps 1 and 2 during use, it is easy to have residual flushing water remaining in the cleaning pipe 2. To facilitate the discharge of the residual liquid, in the present invention, a drain pipe 25 is connected to one end of the cleaning pipe 2 at the bottommost end, and a valve C251 is provided on the drain pipe 25. Further, in step 2, when the valve A221 of the closing mark P8 is closed, the valve C251 is opened. Then, at this time, the residual liquid in the cleaning pipe 2 can be discharged in time by means of the setting of the drain pipe 25. Of course, in step 1, the valve C251 is closed.

[0048] It can be known that when the solar photovoltaic panel 100 is installed on the water surface, in actual application, water can be directly pumped from the corresponding position for flushing. Therefore, during use, an installation component for installing the water pump A24 is also provided below the water surface; such as Figures 3 - 4 , the installation component includes a box body 31, the peripheral side wall of the box body 31 is provided as a filter screen 32, and the water pump A24 is installed inside the box body 31. Then, during actual use, the box body 31 is controlled to be immersed below the water surface, and the water is filtered by the filter screen 32. After the filtered clear water enters the interior of the box body 31, at this time, the clear water located inside the box body 31 is pumped by the water pump A24 to flush the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 100.

[0049] With long-term use, it is easy for blockages and the growth of algae organisms to occur on the filter screen 32. These will affect the filtering performance of the filter screen 32. Therefore, during actual use, the blockages and the growth of algae organisms on the filter screen 32 need to be cleaned. When cleaning, the box body 31 needs to be controlled to protrude from the water surface. Based on this, a floating box 3 is connected to the bottom side surface of the box body 31 through a support block. A cavity 34 is provided inside the floating box 3, a water pump B35 is provided inside the cavity 34, and a plurality of flushing nozzles A32 with the water outlet ends facing the inner wall surface of the filter screen 32 are provided inside the box body 31, and a plurality of flushing nozzles B36 with the water outlet ends facing the outer wall surface of the filter screen 32 are provided on the outer top surface of the floating box 3 on the peripheral side of the box body 31. And an overflow pipe fixed to one side of the bracket 1 above the water surface is provided, and the overflow pipe is communicated with the interior of the cavity 34. At the same time, during use, the water outlet end of the water pump B35 is respectively communicated with the flushing nozzle A32 and the flushing nozzle B36 through a water supply pipeline A and a water supply pipeline B; a water inlet hole 341 is opened on the bottom side surface of the cavity 34, and a water inlet valve 342 and a filter cotton are provided at the water inlet hole 341; a sewage discharge pipe 33 is communicated with the bottom side surface of the box body 31, and a sewage discharge valve 331 is provided on the sewage discharge pipe 33. Based on the above settings, when the water pump B35 pumps out the water inside the cavity 34 during use, at this time, the floating box 3 is controlled to float upward, thereby driving the box body 31 to protrude from the water surface; when the water inlet valve 342 is opened, at this time, water enters the interior of the cavity 34, and then the box body 31 is driven to be immersed below the water surface.

[0050] In the above, when it is necessary to clean the filter screen 32, after controlling the box body 31 to protrude from the water surface, first control the water pump B35 to send water into the flushing nozzle B36 to spray and flush the outer wall surface of the filter screen 32, and then control the water pump B35 to send water into the flushing nozzle A32 to spray and flush the inner wall surface of the filter screen 32. After completing the flushing of the inner wall surface of the filter screen 32, open the sewage discharge valve 331, and at this time, discharge the flushing sewage located in the box body 31.

[0051] And a liquid level sensor 340 is arranged in the cavity 34. Based on the setting of the liquid level sensor 340, the liquid level height in the cavity 34 is controlled during use, and thus it is convenient to control the floating and sinking of the floating box 3 during use.

[0052] Specifically, it further includes a connecting frame 11 connected to one side of the bracket 1. At least two vertical rods 12 extending below the water surface are connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 11; a guide sleeve 37 is arranged on the periphery of the floating box 3 and is in guiding cooperation with the vertical rod 12. Through the arrangement of the vertical rod 12 and the guide sleeve 37, it is convenient to control the floating box 3 to float up and down stably in the water during use.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, in order to remove water droplets, stains, etc. attached to the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 100 after flushing the solar photovoltaic panel 100 with water, an air pipe 205 penetrating and extending to the outside of the outer pipe 201 is also communicated on one side of the inner pipe 20; the air pipe 205 of the cleaning pipe 2 at the topmost is connected to the exhaust pipe 26, and an exhaust valve A261 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 26; the air pipe 205 of the cleaning pipe 2 at the lowermost is connected to the air inlet pipeline 27, and one end of the air inlet pipeline 27 is connected to an air pump. Thus, after completing the water flushing, control the air pump to start blowing air flow to blow off the water droplets, stains, etc. attached to the surface of the solar photovoltaic panel 100, and improve the cleaning effect.

[0054] On the above basis, in order to facilitate the blowing treatment, after step 2, it further includes:

[0055] Step 3: Control the valves A221 marked as P1, P2,..., P8 to be all opened, and start the air pump;

[0056] Step 4: After jetting for T3 time, close the valves A221 one by one in the order of P1, P2,..., P8 until all the valves A221 are closed and then close the air pump;

[0057] In step 4, close the valves A221 in the order of P1, P2,..., P8, and the closing interval times are 20s, 30s, 40s,..., 80s in sequence; after closing the valve A221 marked as P8, wait for 90s and then close the air pump; in step 4, when the valve A221 marked as P1 is closed, at this time, open the exhaust valve A261.

[0058] In the above, since the outer tube 201 is in a communicating state with the inner tube 20, it is easy to cause some liquid to flow into the air pump through the air inlet pipe 27 during the water spraying and cleaning stage during use. Therefore, a backflow prevention mechanism is provided in the middle section of the air inlet pipe 27 during actual use; such as Figure 6 , the backflow prevention mechanism includes a cylinder body 4 that remains with its top facing upward during installation. The bottom side surface of the cylinder body 4 is provided with an insertion tube A41 and an insertion tube B42; the top surface of the insertion tube A41 is higher than the top surface of the insertion tube B42, and the inner wall of the cylinder body 4 located directly above the top surface of the insertion tube A41 is connected with a waterproof cover 44 covering the top of the insertion tube A41 through a mounting bracket 43; the bottom end of the insertion tube B42 is connected to a drain pipe 45, and a drain valve is connected to the drain pipe 45. By setting the backflow prevention mechanism, it is realized that water inside the outer tube 201 and the inner tube 20 is prevented from flowing into the air pump during use, causing damage to the air pump.

[0059] Similarly, in order to prevent water from flowing into the air pump and causing damage to the air pump during use, such as Figure 5 , in the present invention, a connecting pipe B28 is connected between any two adjacent cleaning pipes 2. A valve D281 is provided on the connecting pipe B28, and both ends of the connecting pipe B28 are respectively connected to two air pipes 205 located in different cleaning pipes 2; a plurality of valves D281 from top to bottom are sequentially marked as M1, M2,..., M8; based on this, after step 2, it further includes:

[0060] Step 3: Control the valves D281 marked as M1, M2,..., M8 to be all opened, and start the air pump;

[0061] Step 4: After jetting for time T3, close the valves D281 one by one in the order of M1, M2,..., M8 until all the valves D281 are closed and then turn off the air pump;

[0062] In step 4, the valves D281 are closed in the order of M1, M2,..., M8, and the closing intervals are 20s, 30s, 40s,..., 80s in sequence; after closing the valve D281 marked as M8, wait for 90s and then turn off the air pump; in step 4, when the valve D281 marked as M1 is closed, the exhaust valve A261 is opened at this time.

[0063] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to terms such as "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0064] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, according to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and utilize the present invention well. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface, characterized in that: It comprises a bracket (1) for installing a solar photovoltaic panel (100), wherein the top of the bracket (1) protrudes from the water surface; After installation, the solar photovoltaic panel (100) is arranged in an inclined manner; A plurality of cleaning pipes (2) are arranged above the solar photovoltaic panel (100), and a plurality of cleaning nozzle groups are arranged on the peripheral side wall of the cleaning pipe (2) along the length direction thereof, and any of the cleaning nozzle groups comprises a plurality of cleaning nozzles connected to the cleaning pipe (2); A plurality of cleaning pipes (2) are arranged along the inclination direction of the solar photovoltaic panel (100); Any two adjacent cleaning pipes (2) are connected via a connecting pipe A (22), and a valve A (221) is provided on the connecting pipe (22) A; The cleaning pipe (2) at the top is connected to a water pump A (24) through a connecting pipe B (23), the water pump A (24) is arranged below the water surface, and a valve B (231) is arranged on the connecting pipe B (23); The valves A (221) are marked as P1, P2, ..., Pn from top to bottom. When cleaning the upper surface of the solar photovoltaic panel (100), the following steps are included: Step 1, control valves A (221) marked as P1, P2, ..., Pn to open, and start water pump A (24); Step 2: After spraying water for T1 time, close valves A (221) one by one in the order of Pn, Pn-1, ..., P2, P1 until all valves A (221) are closed and then the water pump A (24) is turned off.

2. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the closing intervals of valves A (221) in the order of Pn, Pn-1, ..., P2, P1 are T2, T2+N, T2+2N, ..., T2+(n-2)N respectively; After closing valve A (221) marked as P1, wait for T2+(n-1)N time before turning off pump A (24).

3. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning tube (2) comprises an outer tube (201) and an inner tube (20) fixed to the outer tube (201) via a support block (202), and both ends of the inner tube (20) are closed; The inner tube (20) is connected to a plurality of nozzles (203) with one end penetrating through and extending to the outside of the outer tube (201), and the ends of the nozzles (203) are connected to cleaning nozzles; The outer wall of the inner tube (20) is connected to the interior of the outer tube (201) via a conducting tube (204); an interface connected to a connecting tube A (22) is provided at the end of the outer tube (201); After installation, the outer side wall of the inner tube (20) provided with the conducting tube (204) is at the bottom end; and the bottom end surface of the conducting tube (204) is higher than the top of the interface.

4. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the cleaning pipe (2) at the bottom is connected to a drain pipe (25), and a valve C (251) is provided on the drain pipe (25); In step 2, after the closing of valve A (221) marked Pn is completed, valve C (251) is opened, and in step 1, valve C (251) is closed.

5. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A mounting assembly for mounting a water pump A (24) is also provided below the water surface; The installation assembly comprises a buoyancy box (3), a box body (31) is fixed on the top of the buoyancy box (3), a peripheral side wall of the box body (31) is provided with a filter screen (32), and the water pump A (24) is installed in the box body (31); A cavity (34) is provided in the buoyancy box (3), a water pump B (35) is provided in the cavity (34), a plurality of flushing nozzles A (32) whose water outlet ends face the inner wall surface of the filter screen (32) are provided inside the box body (31), and a plurality of flushing nozzles B (36) whose water outlet ends face the outer wall surface of the filter screen (32) are provided on the outer top side surface of the buoyancy box (3) located on the peripheral side of the box body (31); The water outlet of the water pump B (35) is connected to the flushing nozzle A (32) and the flushing nozzle B (36) through the water supply pipeline A and the water supply pipeline B respectively; A water inlet hole (341) is provided on the bottom side of the cavity (34), and a water inlet valve (342) is provided at the water inlet hole (341); A liquid level sensor (340) is arranged in the cavity (34); The bottom side of the box body (31) is connected to a sewage pipe (33), and a sewage valve (331) is provided on the sewage pipe (33); It also includes a connecting frame (11) connected to one side of the bracket (1), wherein the bottom of the connecting frame (11) is connected to at least two vertical rods (12) extending below the water surface; A guide sleeve (37) is provided on the peripheral side of the buoyancy box (3) and is matched with the vertical rod (12) for guidance.

6. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the inner tube (20) is also connected to an air pipe (205) that penetrates through and extends to the outside of the outer tube (201); the air pipe (205) of the cleaning tube (2) at the top is connected to an exhaust pipe (26), and an exhaust valve A (261) is provided on the exhaust pipe (26); the air pipe (205) of the cleaning tube (2) at the bottom is connected to an air intake pipeline (27), and one end of the air intake pipeline (27) is connected to an air pump.

7. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: After step 2, it also includes: Step 3, control valves A (221) marked as P1, P2, ..., Pn to be opened, and start the air pump; Step 4: After the jetting time T3, the valves A (221) are closed one by one in the order of P1, P2, ..., Pn, until all valves A (221) are closed and then the air pump is turned off; In step 4, valve A (221) is closed in the order of P1, P2, ..., Pn, and the closing intervals are T4, T4+N, T4+2N, ..., T4+(n-2)N; After closing valve A (221) marked with Pn, wait for T4+(n-1)N time before turning off the air pump; In step 4, after the valve A (221) of the control mark P1 is closed, the exhaust valve A (261) is opened.

8. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to claim 7, characterized in that: The middle section of the air intake pipeline (27) is provided with an anti-backflow mechanism; the anti-backflow mechanism comprises a cylinder (4) which is kept with its top facing upward during installation, and a plug A (41) and a plug B (42) are provided on the bottom side of the cylinder (4); The top end surface of the cannula A (41) is higher than the top end surface of the cannula B (42), and the inner wall of the cylinder (4) located directly above the top end surface of the cannula A (41) is connected to a waterproof cover (44) provided on the top end of the cannula A (41) through a mounting frame (43); The bottom end of the insertion tube B (42) is connected to a drainage pipe (45), and the drainage pipe (45) is connected to a drainage valve.

9. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: A connecting pipe B (28) is connected between any two adjacent cleaning pipes (2), a valve D (281) is provided on the connecting pipe B (28), and both ends of the connecting pipe B (28) are respectively connected to two air pipes (205) located in different cleaning pipes (2); the plurality of valves D (281) are marked as M1, M2, ..., Mn in sequence from top to bottom.

10. A surface cleaning system for solar photovoltaic panels installed on a water surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: After step 2, it also includes: Step 3, control valves D (281) marked as M1, M2, ..., Mn to be open, and start the air pump; Step 4: After the jet T3 time, close the valves D (281) one by one in the order of M1, M2, ..., Mn until all valves D (281) are closed and then the air pump is turned off; In step 4, the valves D (281) are closed in the order of M1, M2, ..., Mn, and the closing intervals are T5, T5+N, T5+2N, ..., T5+(n-2)N respectively; after closing the valve D (281) marked with Mn, wait for T5+(n-1)N time before closing the air pump; in step 4, when the valve D (281) marked with M1 is closed, the exhaust valve A (261) is opened.

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