Electric machine for motor vehicle and motor vehicle, in particular motor vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric machine (1) comprising a housing (4) having a receiving chamber (5) and a winding (7) arranged in the receiving chamber (5) and having a winding head (8). According to the invention, a duct element (10) is provided which extends around the winding head (8) in the circumferential direction (11) of the electric machine (1) and is designed separately from the housing (4), said duct element having a recess (13) which is retracted in the radial direction (12) inwards towards the winding head (8) relative to the housing (4), can be supplied with a temperature control medium and extends around the winding head (8) in the circumferential direction (11), the duct element has a groove (13) which is closed outwards by the housing (4) in the radial direction of the electric machine (12) over the extension thereof extending in the circumferential direction (11) of the electric machine (1), and has at least one outlet opening (16) through which a temperature control medium can flow from the groove (13), by means of which the temperature control medium can be injected towards the winding head (8).

Description

Field of the Invention

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric machine for a motor vehicle, in particular for an automobile, as described in the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a motor vehicle, in particular an automobile, having at least one such electric machine. Background Art

[0002] As is known, a cooling medium discharge structure of an electric motor is known from DE 5254387 B2. Furthermore, US8749102 B4 discloses an electric motor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an electric machine for a motor vehicle and a motor vehicle, thereby enabling particularly advantageous temperature control, i.e., cooling and / or heating, of the electric machine and particularly advantageous manufacturing.

[0004] According to the present invention, this object is solved by an electric machine having the features of claim 1 and by a motor vehicle having the features of claim 15. Advantageous designs of the present invention are the technical solutions of the dependent claims.

[0005] A first aspect of the present invention relates to an electric machine for a motor vehicle (also simply referred to as a vehicle). This means that a motor vehicle, preferably configured as an automobile, in particular a sedan, in its fully manufactured state has an electric machine and can be electrically driven, in particular purely electrically, by means of this electric machine. Thus, the motor vehicle is configured, for example, as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle, in particular as a battery electric vehicle (BEV). More preferably, the electric machine is a high-voltage component, the voltage of which, in particular the operating voltage or the rated voltage, is preferably greater than 50 volts, in particular greater than 60 volts and more preferably several hundred volts.

[0006] The electric machine has a housing that directly delimits, in particular, an accommodation chamber. In particular, the accommodation chamber is directly delimited by the inner circumferential surface of the housing. More particularly, the accommodation chamber is directly delimited outward in the radial direction of the electric machine (the axial direction of the electric machine extends perpendicular to the radial direction of the electric machine) by the housing, in particular by the inner circumferential surface of the housing. For example, the electric machine in its fully manufactured state has a stator and a rotor, the rotor can be driven by means of the stator and can thus rotate relative to the stator and relative to the housing about the machine rotation axis. Here, the machine rotation axis coincides with the axial direction of the electric machine, so that the radial direction of the electric machine is perpendicular to the axial direction of the electric machine and thus perpendicular to the machine rotation axis.

[0007] Furthermore, the electric machine has at least one winding arranged in the receiving chamber, and the winding has at least one winding head. For example, the winding is supported by a carrier arranged in the receiving chamber and constructed separately from the winding, and also separately from the housing, for example. The carrier can be, for example, a stack of laminations. Here, the winding is wound around the carrier and is thus held on the carrier and is therefore supported by the carrier. Here, a first partial region of the winding projects, for example, in the axial direction of the electric machine from the carrier, in particular from a first axial end face of the carrier, such that the first partial region forms a winding head, which is also referred to as the first winding head. Thus, the winding head projects, for example, in the axial direction of the electric machine from the carrier, in particular from the first axial end face of the carrier. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a second partial region of the winding projects in the axial direction of the electric machine from the carrier, in particular from a second axial end face of the carrier, whereby, for example, the second partial region forms a second winding head of the winding. Thus, for example, the second winding head projects in the axial direction of the electric machine from the carrier, in particular from the second axial end face of the carrier. Here, for example, the respective axial end faces of the carrier point away from each other in the axial direction of the electric machine and thus when viewed along the machine carrier axis. Thus, the first winding head is arranged on the first axial end face and the second winding head is arranged on the second axial end face. If the winding head is mentioned above and below, unless otherwise stated, this should be understood as the first winding head. The above and below explanations regarding the first winding head can also be transferred to the second winding head without any problems and vice versa. For example, the winding is part of the stator, so that the winding is, for example, a stator winding or is also referred to as a stator winding. Thus, it is conceivable that the carrier is part of the stator. The stator is fastened to the housing at least indirectly, thereby preventing, i.e., prohibiting, relative rotation between the stator and the housing extending around the axis of rotation.

[0008] Now, in order to be able to achieve a particularly advantageous temperature control of the electric machine, i.e., cooling and / or heating, and a particularly advantageous installation that can be carried out in a time- and cost-effective manner and thus manufacturing, according to the present invention, it is provided that the electric machine has at least one pipe element that is constructed separately from the housing and is especially directly fixed to the housing. The pipe element extends at least partially, i.e., by 360 degrees or less than 360 degrees, around the winding head, i.e., at least around a length region of the winding head, in the circumferential direction around the axial direction of the electric machine and thus around the machine rotation axis, such that the winding head, i.e., at least the length region of the winding head extending in the axial direction of the electric machine, is overlapped and thus covered in the radial direction of the electric machine by the pipe element at least on a part of its extension extending in the circumferential direction of the electric machine, especially such that no other additional components of the electric machine are provided between the pipe element and the winding head in the radial direction of the electric machine, i.e., at least in the said length region of the winding head. The pipe element has a groove that retracts inward in the radial direction of the electric machine and thus toward the winding head relative to the housing, especially relative to the inner circumferential surface of the housing. This can especially be understood as that the groove is bounded in the radial direction of the electric machine inward and thus toward the winding head especially directly by a first wall region, which is preferably constructed as a solid body and is also called the bottom, of the preferably solid pipe element. In addition, the groove is bounded on both sides in the axial direction of the electric machine by corresponding second wall regions of the pipe element that are especially directly constructed as solid bodies, wherein the respective second wall regions (especially the end faces of the respective second wall regions facing each other in the axial direction of the electric machine) are spaced apart in the axial direction of the electric machine. Here, the bottom retracts inward in the radial direction of the electric machine and thus toward the winding head relative to the housing, especially relative to the inner circumferential side surface of the housing. Therefore, the groove is a recess, and a temperature control medium, preferably in liquid form, can be supplied to the groove. This means that a temperature control medium, preferably in liquid form, can be introduced into the groove. Preferably, the temperature control medium is a liquid, especially oil. With the help of the temperature control medium, at least a part of the electric machine can be temperature-controlled, i.e., cooled and / or heated, as will be explained in more detail below. If the temperature control medium, for example, has a higher temperature than the said part of the electric machine, heat can be transferred from the temperature control medium to the said part of the electric machine, thereby heating the said part. Therefore, the temperature control medium can be used as or constructed as a heating medium or serve as a heating medium. If, for example, the temperature control medium has a lower temperature than the said part of the electric machine, heat can be transferred from the said part to the temperature control medium, thereby cooling the said part. Therefore, the temperature control medium can be constructed as or used as a cooling medium or serve as a cooling medium. The groove can especially be flowed through by the temperature control medium in the circumferential direction around the axial direction of the electric machine and thus around the machine rotation axis, whereby the temperature control medium can be distributed particularly advantageously.The groove extends at least partially in the circumferential direction of the electric machine, i.e., around the winding head, especially around the previously mentioned length region of the winding head and / or around another length region of the winding head extending in the axial direction of the electric machine, by 360 degrees or less than 360 degrees, such that the winding head, i.e., especially the previously mentioned length region of the winding head and / or the said another length region of the winding head, is overlapped radially outward, especially directly, at least on a part of its extension extending in the circumferential direction of the electric machine through the groove. The groove is closed radially outward in the entire extension thereof extending in the circumferential direction of the electric machine by the housing, especially by the inner circumferential surface of the housing, especially directly. This should especially be understood as follows: when observing the pipe element constructed separately from the housing, the groove is open radially outward in the entire extension thereof extending especially in the circumferential direction of the electric machine. Thus, the pipe element itself (i.e., when observed separately) can be manufactured advantageously in terms of time and cost and can be especially advantageously installed on the housing, and more especially in the receiving cavity, in terms of time and cost. In order to be able to convey, i.e., guide, the temperature-regulating medium in a targeted and demand-based manner by means of the groove, when observing the electric machine, the groove is covered and thus closed radially outward in the entire extension thereof extending especially in the circumferential direction of the electric machine by the housing constructed separately from the pipe element, thereby avoiding the temperature-regulating medium from flowing out of the groove undesirably radially outward.

[0009] In addition, the duct element has at least one outlet, also referred to as the first row of outlets, through which the temperature-regulating medium can flow through the groove. If the outlet is mentioned above and below, unless otherwise stated, this shall be understood as the first row of outlets. The outlet is a flow-through opening configured as a through-hole, which (especially when viewed outward along the radial direction of the motor) directly leads into the groove at one end and (especially when viewed inward along the radial direction of the motor) directly leads into the region of the receiving chamber at the other end. Thus, the temperature-regulating medium flowing through the groove can flow into the outlet, thereby flowing out of the groove and then flowing through the outlet and flowing out of the outlet, and thus especially directly flowing into the region of the receiving chamber, where the temperature-regulating medium flowing through the outlet can be sprayed from the groove especially directly towards the winding head by means of the outlet in order to regulate the temperature of the winding head. This means that the outlet is oriented towards the winding head, so that the temperature-regulating medium flowing out of the outlet is sprayed especially directly, i.e., without prior contact with another component of the motor different from the winding head, towards the winding head. Thereby, the winding head can be effectively and efficiently temperature-regulated, and thus the motor can be effectively and efficiently temperature-regulated. The feature "the outlet is oriented towards the winding head, so that the temperature-regulating medium can be sprayed especially directly towards the winding head by means of the outlet" can especially be understood as follows: The outlet is through along the flow direction (also referred to as the passage direction or the through direction) and can thus be flowed through by the temperature-regulating medium from the groove along the flow direction, so that the outlet directly leads into the groove at one end along the flow direction and directly leads into the said region of the receiving chamber at the other end. The flow direction extends linearly here, i.e., along an imaginary straight line, where the flow direction and thus the imaginary straight line intersect the winding head. Thereby, the temperature-regulating medium flowing through the outlet and flowing out of the outlet can be directly sprayed towards the winding head, and the temperature-regulating medium flowing out of the outlet does not come into contact with other components of the motor different from the winding head before it comes into direct contact with the winding head. Therefore, the present invention can achieve an effectively, efficiently and cost-beneficially implemented temperature regulation of the winding head (also referred to as winding head temperature regulation).

[0010] Preferably, it is provided that the duct element has a plurality of outlets that are successive and spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction of the motor, i.e., the first row of outlets and at least one or more additional outlets, where the above and below descriptions regarding the first row of outlets can also be unproblematically applied to the at least one additional outlet or the plurality of additional outlets and vice versa. It has been shown to be particularly advantageous here that the plurality of outlets of the duct element are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the motor and are thus arranged at the same interval from each other in pairs. By means of the groove, the temperature-regulating medium can be conveyed, redirected and thus distributed, especially distributed to the outlets, in a targeted and demand-based manner. The temperature-regulating medium can be sprayed from the outlets in a targeted and advantageous manner, especially directly, towards the winding head, so that an effective and efficient temperature regulation of the winding head can be achieved.

[0011] For example, three phases, also denoted by reference numerals U, V, and W, are distributed at and / or in the winding head, especially in the stator. During the operation of the electric machine, large currents may flow through the winding head, which can lead to a significant temperature rise of the winding head. Now, the present invention enables effective and efficient cooling of the winding head by means of a temperature-regulating medium in order to avoid excessive temperatures of the winding head thereby. Here, the temperature-regulating medium can be directed towards the winding head in a targeted manner by means of a pipe element, so that effective and efficient temperature regulation, especially cooling, of the winding head can be achieved. Since the pipe element and the groove extend at least partially around the winding head in the circumferential direction of the electric machine, the pipe element and the groove at least partially surround the winding head in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the temperature-regulating medium can be directed towards the winding head as required.

[0012] By constructing the pipe element separately from the housing, the pipe element itself can be implemented as a component that can be simply and thus time- and cost-favorably manufactured. Since the pipe element has a groove, i.e., since the groove is integrated into the pipe element, the housing can also be simply implemented and thus time- and cost-favorably manufactured, so that favorable temperature regulation of the winding head and thus of the electric machine can be achieved in a cost-effective manner.

[0013] In an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, the housing has at least one or exactly one supply channel that can be flowed through by the temperature-regulating medium and that, especially when viewed radially inwards along the electric machine, directly opens into the groove. The temperature-regulating medium flowing through the supply channel can be introduced into the groove via this supply channel. The supply channel is also referred to as the first supply channel. If the supply channel is mentioned before and below, unless otherwise stated, this should be understood as the first supply channel. By means of the supply channel, simple, targeted, and cost-favorably achievable supply of the groove and thus of the pipe element with the temperature-regulating medium can be achieved, so that the electric machine can be time- and cost-favorably manufactured and effectively and efficiently temperature-regulated.

[0014] For example, the housing has a plurality of supply channels that can be flowed through by the temperature-regulating medium and that each directly open into the groove, i.e., the aforementioned first supply channel and at least one or more additional supply channels, wherein the explanations regarding the first supply channel before and below can also be transferred to the at least one additional supply channel or to the plurality of additional supply channels without any problems and vice versa. In particular, it is conceivable that the supply channels are arranged successively and spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the electric machine, especially and preferably such that the supply channels are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the electric machine and are spaced apart from each other identically in pairs. Thereby, favorable, targeted, and demand-based supply of the groove with the temperature-regulating medium can be achieved, so that the winding head can then be effectively and efficiently temperature-regulated.

[0015] For example, the supply channel is configured as a borehole. The supply channel can be designed and optimally implemented according to requirements in terms of its inner circumference, especially in terms of its diameter and / or in terms of its orientation. In addition, the supply channel can be designed according to requirements and optimally in terms of its number.

[0016] Since the pipe element is configured separately from the housing, the pipe element is installed in the housing, for example, especially in the process of manufacturing an electric machine. For this purpose, the pipe element is moved into the receiving cavity and thus arranged in the receiving cavity, and the pipe element is especially directly connected to the housing or fixed to the housing, especially such that relative movement between the housing and the pipe element is prohibited.

[0017] In order to be able to achieve a particularly advantageous temperature regulation of the winding head, in another design of the present invention, it is provided that the pipe element is configured as a closed annular part that completely surrounds the circumference of the electric machine. This annular part is especially also called an oil ring, an oil guiding ring or an oil distribution ring when the temperature regulating medium is configured as oil. Preferably, the temperature regulating medium is a component of the electric machine.

[0018] Another embodiment is characterized in that the groove completely and thus closedly surrounds the circumference of the electric machine, so that the groove is preferably configured as an annular groove that completely and thus closedly surrounds the circumference of the electric machine. Thereby, the temperature regulating medium can be conveyed purposefully and according to requirements and, for example, distributed onto the discharge openings, so that an effective and efficient temperature regulation of the winding head can be achieved in a simple and thus cost - advantageous manner.

[0019] In order to manufacture the electric machine particularly advantageously in terms of time and cost, in another design of the present invention, it is provided that the annular part has at least two or exactly two circumferentially successive annular part segments. For example, the corresponding annular part segments are each constructed integrally by themselves, that is, when observed individually, they are formed as a single piece and thus constructed as a whole piece or formed from a whole piece. At at least one position, the first surface of the first annular part segment in each of the annular part segments and the second surface of the second annular part segment in each of the annular part segments abut against each other, especially in the circumferential direction of the electric machine. The corresponding surfaces are, for example, the corresponding end faces, that is, the corresponding end sides, or are provided on the corresponding end sides of the corresponding annular part segments, so that, for example, the surfaces face each other especially in the circumferential direction of the electric machine. Thus, for example, the first surface extends in a first plane, and the second surface extends in a second plane, where it is especially conceivable that the planes coincide. The corresponding planes extend perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the electric machine. Here, the annular part segments can move relative to each other without damage (that is, without causing damage or injury to the annular part) at least when installing or disassembling the annular part, so that the surfaces can move away from each other. For example, in order to install the annular part, the annular part segments are moved, arranged, or oriented relative to each other such that the surfaces do not abut against each other and, for example, do not face each other. Thereby, the annular part can be elastically deformed so that the annular part is compressed. In the compressed and thus elastically deformed state, the annular part can be moved into the receiving cavity particularly simply and thus advantageously in terms of time and cost and is thus arranged in the receiving cavity. Then, for example, the annular part is allowed to rebound and the annular part segments are moved relative to each other without damage, so that the surfaces abut against each other. Thereby, the annular part can be simply and reliably fixed, in other words fastened, to the housing, so that the annular part can be installed advantageously in terms of time and cost. Therefore, the electric machine as a whole can be manufactured advantageously in terms of time and cost. In particular, the annular part can be moved to the desired installation position in the compressed state and fixed to the housing at the installation position, so as to install the annular part advantageously in terms of time and cost and especially reliably fix it to the housing.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present invention, it is provided that the annular part segments are constructed separately from each other. Thereby, the annular part itself (that is, when observed or considered individually) can be manufactured advantageously in terms of cost.

[0021] In order to enable a particularly simple and thus time- and cost-effective installation of the annular part, in another design of the present invention, it is provided that the annular part segments are constructed integrally with each other. Thereby, for example, it is possible to avoid the annular part segments separating from each other and one of the annular part segments being lost, so that the annular part can be installed particularly simply.

[0022] Another embodiment is characterized in that the annular segments are hingedly connected to each other in sections by means of hinges, the hinges defining a pivot axis, and the annular segments being movable relative to each other without damage about the pivot axis at least when mounting or dismounting the annular members, such that the respective surfaces can move away from each other. This means that the annular segments and thus the respective surfaces can move relative to each other without damage, while the annular segments are connected to each other by hinges. Thereby, the annular segments can be defined and thus can be moved relative to each other simply, so that the annular member can be simply mounted. In addition, it is possible to avoid the annular segments coming apart from each other in an undesired manner, so that the annular member can be mounted particularly simply and thus advantageously in terms of time and cost.

[0023] Especially when the annular segments are integrally constructed with each other, the hinge can be configured as a film hinge, for example. In particular, the film hinge is or includes a local wall thickness reduction of the annular member, i.e., a first part of the annular member, wherein the first part has a smaller wall thickness than a second part of the annular member that is directly connected to the first part along the motor and thus the circumferential direction of the annular member.

[0024] In order to be able to mount the annular member particularly simply, in another design of the present invention, it is provided that one of the annular segments extends less than 180° (degrees), especially less than 120°, more especially less than 100° and more especially at most 90° in the circumferential direction of the motor. Preferably, it is provided that the one annular segment extends less than 90°, especially less than 45° in the circumferential direction of the motor. Thereby, the annular member can be mounted particularly simply, because the annular member can be simply compressed by corresponding relative movements of the annular segments and then simply mounted.

[0025] In another particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention, projections are provided on the pipe element, which are arranged successively and spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction of the motor and project outward from the pipe element in the radial direction of the motor, and the projections are configured as pins or dowels or are referred to as pins or dowels, for example. The projections are inserted into corresponding recesses in the housing, so that the projections and the pipe element cooperate with the housing in a form-fitting manner via the projections. Thereby, the pipe element can be firmly fixed to the housing, and the pipe element can be positioned relative to the housing simply and precisely especially in the axial direction of the motor and / or in the circumferential direction of the motor. For example, the corresponding recesses are configured as corresponding drill holes.

[0026] For example, after the annular member is compressed and thus elastically deformed, the annular member is allowed to rebound, whereby, for example, the projection engages with the corresponding recess, so that the annular member can be said to snap into the recess or the housing. Thereby, the annular member is oriented simply and precisely relative to the housing and is firmly locked to the housing.

[0027] It has been shown here that it is particularly advantageous if the projections are arranged uniformly distributed along the circumference of the electric machine and are thus spaced apart from one another in pairs in the same way. Thereby, the pipe element can be oriented precisely and simply relative to the housing and fixed firmly to the housing.

[0028] Another embodiment is characterized in that the groove extends through between the projections, in particular along the circumference of the electric machine. In this way, precise positioning of the pipe element relative to the housing and firm holding of the pipe element on the housing can be achieved in a particularly simple manner.

[0029] In order to be able to keep the costs of the pipe element itself (i.e., when observed separately in itself) particularly low, in another design of the present invention it is provided that the pipe element is integrally constructed with the projection. This means that the pipe element and the projection are formed from a single piece and are thus formed or constructed as a single piece.

[0030] The feature "preferably each annular piece segment is integrally constructed with each other" should be understood to mean that each annular piece segment is formed from a single piece and is thus formed or constructed as a single piece. In other words, it is preferably provided here that each annular piece segment is not constructed separately from each other and connected to each other, but rather each annular piece segment is preferably formed from a single piece and is thus formed from an integral, i.e., integrally and wholly manufactured body, which body can be, for example, the aforementioned single piece.

[0031] In order to be able to keep the costs particularly low and to enable particularly simple installation of the pipe element, in another design of the present invention it is provided that the pipe element is formed from plastic. More preferably, here the pipe element is manufactured by injection molding, i.e., by plastic injection molding.

[0032] The above-mentioned feature "the corresponding annular piece segment itself (i.e., when observed separately in itself or for itself alone) is integrally constructed" should thus be understood to mean that preferably the corresponding annular piece segment does not consist of a plurality of separately constructed and connected parts when observed separately in itself, but rather preferably the corresponding annular piece segment is formed from a single piece and is thus formed or constructed as a single piece when observed separately in itself.

[0033] The second aspect of the present invention relates to a motor vehicle (also abbreviated as a vehicle), which is preferably constructed as an automobile, in particular a sedan, and has at least one electric machine according to the first aspect of the present invention. The advantages and advantageous designs of the first aspect of the present invention can be regarded as the advantages and advantageous designs of the second aspect of the present invention and vice versa. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Further details of the present invention result from the following description of the preferred embodiments together with the drawings.

[0035] The drawings are as follows:

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic and perspective longitudinal sectional view of an electric motor for a motor vehicle is shown locally;

[0037] Figure 2 Another schematic and perspective longitudinal sectional view of the electric motor is shown locally;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic perspective view of the winding and duct elements of the electric motor is shown;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic perspective view of the duct element is shown;

[0040] Figure 5 Another schematic perspective view of the distribution element in the installed state of the duct element is shown;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic front view of the duct element in the installed state is shown;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic front view of the duct element in the installation state is shown;

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic sectional front view of an electric motor according to a first embodiment is shown locally;

[0044] Figure 9 A schematic sectional front view of an electric motor according to a second embodiment is shown locally; and

[0045] Figure 10 Another schematic sectional front view of an electric motor according to the second embodiment is shown locally. Detailed Description

[0046] In the drawings, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0047] Figure 1 An electric motor 1 for a motor vehicle (also simply referred to as a vehicle) is shown locally in a schematic and perspective longitudinal sectional view. The electric motor 1 has a rotor not shown in the drawings and Figure 1The stator 2, shown locally therein, by means of which the rotor can be driven and thus the rotor can rotate relative to the stator 2 about the machine rotation axis 3 (also simply referred to as the rotation axis). The electric machine 1 can in particular provide a drive torque via its rotor to drive a motor vehicle. The electric machine 1 has a housing 4 which directly delimits an accommodation chamber 5 in particular. In particular, the accommodation chamber 5 is delimited directly by the inner circumferential surface 6 of the housing 4. More particularly, the stator 2 is constructed separately from the housing 4 and is at least partially arranged in the accommodation chamber 5 and thus in the housing 4. Preferably, the rotor is constructed separately from the housing 4 and is at least partially arranged in the accommodation chamber 5 and thus in the housing 4. Thus, the rotor can rotate relative to the housing 4 and relative to the stator 2 about the machine rotation axis 3.

[0048] Furthermore, the electric machine 1 has at least one winding 7 arranged in the accommodation chamber 5 and thus in the housing 4. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the winding 7 is part of the stator 2 and is thus a stator winding. The winding 7 has at least one winding head 8 arranged in the accommodation chamber 5 and thus in the housing 4. In order to be able to manufacture the electric machine 1 particularly time- and cost-efficiently and to achieve particularly effective and efficient temperature control, i.e. cooling and / or heating, of the winding head 8 and thus of the electric machine 1, the electric machine 1 has a pipe element 10 which, in the embodiment shown in the figures, is constructed as a closed annular part which completely and thus encloses the electric machine 1 in the circumferential direction. The axial direction of the electric machine is shown by a double-headed arrow 9 and coincides with the machine rotation axis 3. The circumferential direction of the electric machine 1 extends around the machine rotation axis 3 and thus around the axial direction of the electric machine 1 and is shown by a double-headed arrow 11. If an annular part is mentioned in the following and above, this should be understood as the pipe element 10 unless otherwise stated.

[0049] It is particularly clearly visible from Figure 1 that the annular part extends completely in the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1, i.e. over 360°, around the winding head 8, i.e. at least around a first length region of the winding head 8 which extends in the axial direction of the electric machine 1, such that the first length region of the winding head 8 is overlapped radially outwards by the annular part along its extension which extends completely in the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1, i.e. over 360°. The radial direction of the electric machine 1 is shown by a double-headed arrow 12 and extends perpendicular to the axial direction of the electric machine 1. The annular part is constructed separately from the housing 4 and is fixed to the housing 4, in particular such that relative movement between the annular part (pipe element 10) and the housing 4 caused by the normal operation of the electric machine 1 is prohibited.

[0050] In combination Figure 2It is particularly clearly visible that the annular part has a groove 13 that retracts inward in the radial direction of the electric machine 1 and thus toward the winding head 8 relative to the housing 4, in particular relative to the inner peripheral side surface 6. This means that a first wall region 14 of the annular part, which is configured as a solid body and which bounds the groove 13 inward in the radial direction, in particular directly, retracts inward in the radial direction relative to the housing 4, in particular the inner peripheral side surface 6. Furthermore, the groove 13 is bounded on both sides in the radial direction of the electric machine 1 by respective second wall regions 15 of the annular part, which are configured as solid bodies, in particular directly. Here, the wall regions 14 and 15 are integrally constructed with each other, i.e., formed from a single piece. In the embodiment shown in the figures, the groove 13 is configured as an annular groove that extends completely and thus closed around the circumference of the electric machine 1, in particular such that the aforementioned first length region of the winding head 8 and / or another length region of the winding head 8 that extends in the axial direction of the electric machine 1 is overlapped in the radial direction of the electric machine 1 over its entire extension that extends around the circumference of the electric machine 1 by the groove 13 (annular groove).

[0051] The groove 13 is supplied with a temperature-regulating medium, preferably in liquid form: that is, a temperature-regulating medium, preferably in liquid form (which is preferably configured as oil), can be introduced into the groove 13. The electric machine 1 preferably includes the aforementioned temperature-regulating medium, by means of which (as will be explained in more detail below) the winding head 8 and thus the electric machine 1 can be temperature-regulated, i.e., cooled and / or heated. The groove 13 can in particular be flowed through by the temperature-regulating medium in the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1 and can be distributed by the temperature-regulating medium in a targeted and demand-based manner. When observing the annular part separately, the groove 13 is open outward in the radial direction of the electric machine 1 over its entire extension that extends around the circumference of the electric machine 1, wherein when observing the electric machine 1, the groove 13 is closed outward in the radial direction of the electric machine 1 over its extension that extends around the circumference of the electric machine 1 by the housing 4. This can prevent the temperature-regulating medium from flowing out of the groove 13 outward in the radial direction in an undesirable manner.

[0052] Combined Figures 1 to 4 It can be seen that the annular part has a plurality of discharge ports 16 through which the temperature-regulating medium can flow from the groove 13, and the temperature-regulating medium can be sprayed from the groove 13 directly onto the winding head 8 via these discharge ports in order to temperature-regulate the winding head 8.

[0053] From Figure 1 and 2 it is particularly clearly visible that the housing 4 has at least one or exactly one supply channel 17 through which the temperature-regulating medium can flow and which leads directly into the groove, and this supply channel extends in the radial direction of the electric machine 1 at present. The temperature-regulating medium flowing through the supply channel 17 can be introduced directly into the groove 13 via the supply channel 17. For example, the supply channel 17 (which is also referred to as an inlet or input channel) is configured as a drill hole.

[0054] from Figure 3 It can be seen particularly clearly from Figure 3 the orientation (also referred to as the position) of the annular part relative to the winding 7 and relative to the winding head 8. It can also be seen that the pipe element 10 is configured as an annular part that completely and thus closedly surrounds along the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1, i.e., surrounds in 360 degrees, wherein the groove 13 also extends completely around along the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1 and thus surrounds in 360 degrees.

[0055] from Figures 4 to 7 It can be seen from Figures 4 to 7 that the annular part currently has exactly two annular part segments 18 and 19 that are successive along the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1, wherein the respective annular part segments 18, 19 are integrally configured when observed individually for themselves. Figure 4 and 6 show the pipe element 10 in the installed state, in which the pipe element 10 is in the fully manufactured state of the electric machine 1. In contrast, Figure 5 and 7The figure shows the ring-shaped part in the installed state. It can be seen that in the installed state of the ring-shaped part, at two positions S1 and S2 that are successive and spaced apart from each other along the circumference of the electric machine 1 and thus of the ring-shaped part, the first surfaces F1, F11 of the ring-shaped part segments 19 respectively abut, especially directly, against the corresponding, mating second surfaces F2, F22 of the ring-shaped part segment 18 along the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1, wherein the ring-shaped part segments 18 and 19 can move relative to each other without damage, at least when installing and / or removing the ring-shaped part, such that the corresponding surfaces F1 and F2 or F11 and F22 can move away from each other. In the installed state of the ring-shaped part, the surface F1 abuts directly against the surface F2 along the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1, and the surface F11 abuts especially directly against the surface F22 along the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1. In order to be able to install the ring-shaped part particularly simply, for example, the ring-shaped part is placed in its installed state, in which the surfaces F1 and F2 or F11 and F22 move away from each other and do not abut against each other. Subsequently, the ring-shaped part can be compressed in the radial direction of the ring-shaped part and thus elastically deformed, whereby the ring-shaped part can be simply and thus time- and cost-favourably moved into and thus arranged in the receiving cavity 5. Then, for example, the compression of the ring-shaped part is ended so that the ring-shaped part can rebound. Furthermore, the ring-shaped part is then placed in its installed state, in which the ring-shaped part segments 18 and 19 move relative to each other without damage, such that the surface F1 especially directly abuts against the surface F2 and the surface F11 especially directly abuts against the surface F22. Subsequently, the ring-shaped part is reliably fixed to the housing 4. For example, the ring-shaped part segments 18 and 19 can be latched with each other and thus clamped, i.e., latched with each other in the installed state and thus detachably connected to each other without damage, so that the ring-shaped part can be alternately and successively moved between the installed state and the installation state without damage. In order to be able to install the ring-shaped part simply, the ring-shaped part segment 19 extends less than 45 degrees, especially less than 30 degrees, in the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1.

[0056] It is also clearly visible from Figures 4 to 10 that on the pipe element 10 there are provided projections 20 which are successive and spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1 and project outward in the radial direction of the electric machine 1 from the pipe element 10, and these projections are currently arranged uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the electric machine 1. Currently, the projections 20 are arranged on the ring-shaped part segment 18 and are here currently integrally formed with the ring-shaped part segment 18. The projections 20 are, for example, pins or are also referred to as pins.

[0057] Figure 8A first embodiment of the electric machine 1 is shown locally in a schematic cross-sectional front view. In the first embodiment, the housing 4 has recesses 21 corresponding to the projections 20, and the projections 20 are inserted into these recesses. Thereby, the annular part and the housing 4 act in a form-fitting manner, and the annular part is form-fittingly fixed to the housing 4 and can be simply and precisely oriented and mounted relative to the housing 4. For example, when the annular part rebounds, the projections 20 engage with the corresponding recesses 21, and thus the annular part can be installed particularly simply. In the first embodiment, for example, the recesses 21 are configured as cylindrical on the inner circumferential side. In particular, for example, the corresponding recesses 21 can be configured as drill holes.

[0058] Figure 9 A second embodiment of the electric machine 1 is shown locally in a schematic cross-sectional front view. In the second embodiment, the corresponding recesses 21 are configured as sickle-shaped or basin-shaped or semi-circular.

[0059] Finally, Figure 10 A second embodiment of the electric machine 1 is shown locally and in a schematic cross-sectional front view. In Figure 10 the flow of the temperature-regulating medium is shown by arrows, wherein, in Figure 10 in particular, the transfer of the temperature-regulating medium from the supply channel 17 to the groove 13 is shown. This "transfer" should be understood as that the temperature-regulating medium flowing through the supply channel 17 flows out of the supply channel 17 and in particular directly into the groove 13. The temperature-regulating medium can flow out of the groove 13 via the discharge opening 16 and thus in particular be directly sprayed onto the winding head 8, so that particularly effective and efficient temperature regulation of the winding head 8 can be achieved.

[0060] In summary, it can be seen that the pipe element 10 is a simple and thus time- and cost-favorably manufacturable component, by means of which the temperature-regulating medium can be targeted transported and targeted sprayed onto the winding head 8. Since both the groove 13 and the discharge opening 16 are integrated into the annular part, the housing 4 can be simply designed and thus also time- and cost-favorably manufactured. For example, the housing 4 has an axial stop surface visible in Figure 1 and denoted by the reference numeral 22 there, and the pipe element 10 is supported, i.e., abuts, directly against this stop surface in the axial direction of the electric machine 1. Thereby, the pipe element 10 can be simply positioned relative to the housing 4 and thus also relative to the winding head 8 in the axial direction of the electric machine 1.

[0061] List of reference numerals

[0062] 1 Electric machine

[0063] 2 Stator

[0064] 3 Machine rotation axis

[0065] 4 Housing

[0066] 5 accommodating cavity

[0067] 6 inner circumferential side surface

[0068] 7 winding

[0069] 8 winding head

[0070] 9 double-headed arrow

[0071] 10 pipe element

[0072] 11 double-headed arrow

[0073] 12 double-headed arrow

[0074] 13 groove

[0075] 14 wall area

[0076] 15 wall area

[0077] 16 discharge port

[0078] 17 supply channel

[0079] 18 annular segment

[0080] 19 annular segment

[0081] 20 protrusion

[0082] 21 recess

[0083] 22 stop surface

[0084] F1 surface

[0085] F11 surface

[0086] F2 surface

[0087] F22 surface

[0088] S1 position

[0089] S2 position

Claims

1. An electric motor (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (4) which delimits a receiving space (5) and at least one winding (7) arranged in the receiving space (5), the winding having at least one winding head (8), characterized in that: At least one conduit element (10) is provided, which extends at least partially around the winding head (8) in the circumferential direction (11) of the motor (1), is constructed separately from the housing (4) and is fixed to the housing (4), and has a conduit element (10) which extends inwardly in the radial direction (12) of the motor (1) and is thus set back relative to the housing (4) towards the winding head (8), can be supplied with a temperature control medium, can be traversed by a temperature control medium, and at least partially surrounds the winding head (8) in the circumferential direction (11) of the motor (1). A groove (13) extending from a winding head (8), the groove being closed outwardly by a housing (4) in a radial direction of the motor (12) on an extension thereof extending in a circumferential direction (11) of the motor (1), and the duct element having at least one outlet (16) through which a temperature control medium can flow from the groove (13), the temperature control medium flowing through the outlet (16) being able to be ejected from the groove (13) toward the winding head (8) by means of the outlet, so as to control the temperature of the winding head (8).

2. The electric machine (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that The housing (4) has at least one or exactly one supply channel (17) through which a temperature control medium can flow and which opens directly into the groove (13), and the temperature control medium flowing through the supply channel (17) can be introduced into the groove (13) via the supply channel.

3. The electric machine (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The duct element (10) is configured as a closed ring member which completely surrounds the motor (1) in a circumferential direction (11).

4. The electric machine (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that The groove (13) completely surrounds the motor (1) along the circumferential direction (11).

5. The electric machine (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that The ring has at least two or exactly two ring segments (18, 19) which are arranged successively in the circumferential direction (11) of the motor (1), wherein at at least one position (S1, S2), a first surface (F1, F11) of a first ring segment of each ring segment (18, 19) and a second surface (F2, F22) of a second ring segment of each ring segment (18, 19) abut against each other, and the ring segments (18, 19) can be moved non-destructively relative to each other at least when the ring is installed or removed, so that the surfaces (F1, F2; F11, F22) can move away from each other.

6. The electric machine (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that The ring segments (18, 19) are designed to be separate from one another.

7. The electric machine (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that The ring segments (18, 19) are designed integrally with one another.

8. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that The ring segments (18, 19) are connected to each other in an articulated manner by means of hinges, which define a pivot axis, and the ring segments (18, 19) can be moved non-destructively relative to each other around the pivot axis at least when installing or removing the ring, so that the surfaces (F1, F2; F11, F22) can move away from each other.

9. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that One of the ring segments (18, 19) extends less than 180 degrees in the circumferential direction (11) of the electric machine (1).

10. An electric machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that Protrusions (20) are arranged on the pipe element (10) in a continuous and spaced relationship in a circumferential direction (11) of the motor (1) and protrude outward from the pipe element (10) in a radial direction (12) of the motor (1), and are embedded in corresponding recesses (21) of the housing (4).

11. The electric machine (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that The protrusions (20) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction (11) of the motor (1).

12. The electric machine (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that The grooves (13) extend through the corresponding projections (20).

13. The electric machine (1) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that The conduit element (10) is formed integrally with the projection (20).

14. An electric machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The pipe element (10) is formed from plastic.

15. A motor vehicle having at least one electric machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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