Dilator for dilating cardiac apex puncture port

Abstract

The invention provides a dilator for dilating a cardiac apex puncture opening. The dilator comprises an outer tube, a dilating cutter and a radial locking mechanism, the expansion cutter is sleeved on the outer tube; the expansion cutter is of a conical structure with the cross section being small in head end and large in tail end, and the head end of the expansion cutter faces the head end of the outer pipe. The radial locking mechanism is arranged on the outer pipe on the tail end side of the expansion cutter in a sleeving manner and is connected with the expansion cutter; the radial locking mechanism can drive the expansion cutter to slide on the outer tube and be fixed at any position of the outer tube, and the expansion cutter can be fixed on the outer tubes with different diameters through the radial locking mechanism. The one-step completion of the puncture opening expansion process is realized, the operation steps are simplified, the incision is regular, and the suture and recovery are facilitated; the expansion cutter can be fixed at any position on the outer tube, the depth of the head end of the outer tube entering the cardiac muscle is adjusted, excessive expansion of a puncture opening is prevented, and the surgical risk is reduced; and through the radial locking mechanism, the application range of the expansion cutter is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a dilator for dilating an apical puncture opening. Background Art

[0002] In surgeries via the apical approach (e.g., valve replacement, valve repair, etc.), a larger passage (usually between 20 and 40 French) needs to be established at the apex due to the larger diameter of the delivery device. When performing such surgeries, a puncture is usually made at the apex, and the delivery device is delivered to the chamber of the heart through the puncture to replace or repair the valve. After the operation, the apical puncture is sutured to prevent blood from overflowing.

[0003] However, during the implementation of the above-mentioned transapical approach surgery, due to the large outer diameter of the instrument, the puncture site needs to be expanded after puncture to facilitate the entry of the instrument.

[0004] At present, the puncture site is generally expanded by using expansion sheaths from thin to thick to pre-expand the puncture site, or by using a scalpel to make an incision expansion of the puncture site, so that the delivery device with a thicker diameter can smoothly enter through the apical passage. In the above-mentioned incision expansion process, when the expansion sheaths from thin to thick are used for pre-expansion in sequence, not only is the operation cumbersome, but it is also easy to cause laceration of the expansion site, and the wound shape is irregular, which is not conducive to suturing and recovery; when the scalpel is used for expansion, multiple transverse incisions need to be made along the circumferential direction of the puncture site. The operation is relatively cumbersome, and it is difficult for the operator to accurately control the diameter and depth of the expansion incision. It is extremely dependent on the operator's experience and level. In addition, once problems such as over-expansion or too deep incision occur, it will cause adverse events such as excessive wound size or heavy bleeding, which is relatively risky. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a dilator for dilating an apical puncture site to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:

[0007] The present application provides a dilator for dilating an apical puncture, comprising an outer tube, a dilating cutter and a radial locking mechanism;

[0008] The expansion tool is sleeved on the outer tube;

[0009] The expansion tool is a conical structure with a small head end and a large tail end in cross section, and the head end of the expansion tool is arranged toward the head end of the outer tube;

[0010] The radial locking mechanism is sleeved on the outer tube at the rear end side of the expansion tool and is connected to the expansion tool;

[0011] The radial locking mechanism can drive the expansion tool to slide on the outer tube and fix it at any position on the outer tube. Moreover, through the radial locking mechanism, the expansion tool can be fixed on outer tubes with different diameters.

[0012] Furthermore, the radial locking mechanism is a drill chuck, a multi-jaw chuck or a snap-fastener.

[0013] Furthermore, the radial locking mechanism is a drill chuck;

[0014] The expansion tool includes a tapered blade and a lining plate. There are multiple tapered blades, and the multiple tapered blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill chuck and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the jaws of the drill chuck. Each tapered blade penetrates through the corresponding jaw along the radial direction of the drill chuck and is fixedly connected to the jaw. The head ends of the multiple tapered blades are all arranged towards the head end of the outer tube, and cutting edges are arranged on the outer edges of the multiple tapered blades;

[0015] The lining plate is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple tapered blades, and the lining plate is arranged inside the jaw and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding tapered blade;

[0016] A gap is left between adjacent tapered blades.

[0017] Furthermore, the radial locking mechanism is a multi-jaw chuck;

[0018] The expansion tool includes a tapered blade and a lining plate. There are multiple tapered blades, and the multiple tapered blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the multi-jaw chuck and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the jaws of the multi-jaw chuck. The tail end of each tapered blade is fixedly connected to the end face of the corresponding jaw. The head ends of the multiple tapered blades are all arranged towards the head end of the outer tube, and cutting edges are arranged on the outer edges of the multiple tapered blades;

[0019] The lining plate corresponds to the multiple tapered blades one by one, and the lining plate is arranged inside the tapered blade and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding tapered blade;

[0020] A gap is left between adjacent tapered blades.

[0021] Furthermore, the radial locking mechanism is a snap-fastener;

[0022] The expansion tool includes a tapered blade and / or a lining plate. There are multiple tapered blades, and the multiple tapered blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer tube. The tail end of each tapered blade is connected to the end face of the corresponding snap-fastener. The head ends of the multiple tapered blades are all arranged towards the head end of the outer tube, and cutting edges are arranged on the outer edges of the multiple tapered blades;

[0023] The lining plates are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the conical blades, and the lining plates are arranged inside the conical blades and fixedly connected to the backs of the corresponding conical blades;

[0024] A gap is left between adjacent conical blades.

[0025] Furthermore, the buckle includes an arc-shaped clamping ring assembly and a locking member;

[0026] There are multiple arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies, and the multiple arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies are sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer tube. The adjacent arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies are connected by a pivot, and a gap is left between the two arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies at the ends;

[0027] For the two arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies at the ends, a locking member is pivotally connected to one of the arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies, and a clamping groove cooperating with the locking member is arranged on the other arc-shaped clamping ring assembly;

[0028] A boss is arranged on each arc-shaped clamping ring assembly, and the boss extends divergently along the radial direction of the outer tube;

[0029] The tail end of each conical blade is fixedly connected to the end face of the corresponding boss;

[0030] The lining plate is arranged inside the conical blade and fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade.

[0031] Furthermore, the buckle includes a C-shaped clamp and a locking member;

[0032] The locking member passes through both ends of the C-shaped clamp;

[0033] Clamping grooves are arranged on the C-shaped clamp, and the clamping grooves are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with multiple conical blades;

[0034] A clamping block is arranged on each conical blade, and each conical blade is detachably connected to the corresponding clamping groove through the clamping block;

[0035] The lining plate is arranged inside the conical blade and fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade, and the tail end of the lining plate abuts against the bottom of the clamping groove.

[0036] Furthermore, the buckle includes a C-shaped clamp and a locking member;

[0037] The locking member passes through both ends of the C-shaped clamp;

[0038] Receiving grooves are arranged on the C-shaped clamp, the receiving grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with multiple conical blades, and clamping blocks are arranged on the groove walls of the receiving grooves;

[0039] Each of the conical blades is disposed in a corresponding receiving groove, and a clamping groove is provided on each of the conical blades. Each of the conical blades is detachably connected to a corresponding clamping block through the clamping groove.

[0040] Further, the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge, or

[0041] the cutting edge is an arc cutting edge, the arc cutting edge includes a straight line segment and an arc segment, the straight line segment starts from the head end of the conical blade, the arc segment connects the straight line segment and ends at the tail end of the conical blade; the arc segment has a radian that is concave inward toward the outer tube side.

[0042] Further, a handle is further included, and the handle is connected to the tail end of the outer tube.

[0043] The dilator for dilating the apical puncture opening of the present application has the following advantages:

[0044] The puncture opening is dilated by a conical dilating tool, and the dilation process is completed in one step, simplifying the operation steps, and the incision is regular, which is beneficial to suture and recovery;

[0045] Through the radial locking mechanism, the conical dilating tool can be fixed at any position on the outer tube, thereby adjusting the depth of the head end of the outer tube entering the myocardium, preventing over-dilation of the puncture opening on the apex caused by unstable operation of the operator, reducing the operation difficulty and also reducing the surgical risk;

[0046] The conical dilating tool can be installed on outer tubes of different sizes through the radial locking mechanism, and is more flexible and convenient to use, improving the applicable range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic connection relationship diagram of the drill chuck and the dilating tool from the first perspective of the first embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0050] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the drill chuck and the expansion tool from the second perspective in the first embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0051] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure in the second embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0052] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the multi-jaw chuck and the expansion tool in the second embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0053] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure in the third embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0054] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the buckle piece and the expansion tool in the third embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0055] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure in the fourth embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0056] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the buckle piece and the expansion tool in the fourth embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0057] Figure 10 For this Figure 9 Exploded view of the structure (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0058] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure in the fifth embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0059] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the buckle piece and the expansion tool in the fifth embodiment of the present application (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0060] Figure 13 For Figure 12 Exploded view of the structure (the cutting edge is a straight cutting edge);

[0061] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of another conical blade in the present application (the cutting edge is an arc cutting edge).

[0062] Reference numerals: 1 - outer tube; 2 - dilatation tool; 3 - radial locking mechanism; 4 - head end; 5 - tail end; 31 - drill chuck; 32 - multi-jaw chuck; 33 - snap member; 21 - tapered blade; 22 - lining plate; 34 - jaw; 23 - cutting edge; 6 - gap; 24 - straight cutting edge; 25 - arc cutting edge; 251 - straight segment; 252 - arc segment; 7 - handle; 331 - arc snap ring assembly; 332 - locking member; 333 - slot; 334 - boss; 335 - C-shaped clamp; 211 - clamping block; 336 - receiving groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0063] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0064] As Figures 1 - 14 shown, the dilator for dilating the apical puncture opening of the present application includes an outer tube 1, a dilatation tool 2 and a radial locking mechanism 3;

[0065] The dilatation tool 2 is sleeved on the outer tube 1;

[0066] The dilatation tool 2 has a tapered structure with a small head end 4 and a large tail end 5 in cross section, and the head end 4 of the dilatation tool 2 faces the head end 4 of the outer tube 1;

[0067] The radial locking mechanism 3 is sleeved on the outer tube 1 on the side of the tail end 5 of the dilatation tool 2 and is connected to the dilatation tool 2;

[0068] The radial locking mechanism 3 can drive the dilatation tool 2 to slide on the outer tube 1 and be fixed at any position on the outer tube 1, and through the radial locking mechanism 3, the dilatation tool 2 can be fixed on the outer tube 1 with different diameters.

[0069] The tapered dilatation tool 2 is used to dilate the puncture opening, realizing one-step completion of the dilatation process, simplifying the operation steps, and having regular incisions, which is beneficial to suture and recovery;

[0070] Through the radial locking mechanism 3, the tapered dilatation tool 2 can be fixed at any position on the outer tube 1, thereby adjusting the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, preventing over-dilatation of the puncture opening on the apex caused by unstable operation of the operator, reducing the operation difficulty and also reducing the surgical risk;

[0071] The tapered dilatation tool 2 can be installed on the outer tube 1 with different sizes through the radial locking mechanism 3, which is more flexible and convenient to use and improves the applicable range.

[0072] Specifically, the radial locking mechanism 3 is a drill chuck 31, a multi-jaw chuck 32 or a snap-fastener 33. The following embodiments will describe the drill chuck 31, the multi-jaw chuck 32 and the snap-fastener 33 in detail.

[0073] Embodiment 1:

[0074] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 14 shown, the radial locking mechanism 3 is a drill chuck 31;

[0075] The dilating tool 2 includes a tapered blade 21 and a lining plate 22. There are multiple tapered blades 21, and the multiple tapered blades 21 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill chuck 31 and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the jaws 34 of the drill chuck 31. Each tapered blade 21 penetrates through the corresponding jaw 34 along the radial direction of the drill chuck 31 and is fixedly connected to the jaw 34. The heads 4 of the multiple tapered blades 21 are all arranged towards the head 4 of the outer tube 1, and cutting edges 23 are arranged on the outer edges of the multiple tapered blades 21;

[0076] The lining plate 22 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple tapered blades 21. The lining plate 22 is arranged inside the jaw 34 and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding tapered blade 21. The lining plate 22 is used to increase the contact area between the tapered blade 21 and the outer tube 1 and improve the stability of the tapered blade 21;

[0077] A gap 6 is left between adjacent tapered blades 21. During the process of the dilating tool 2 expanding the incision of the puncture opening, the myocardium is allowed to fill this gap 6, reducing the extrusion of the myocardium.

[0078] Preferably, the number of the tapered blades 21 is 2 - 8. In this Embodiment 1, the number of the tapered blades 21 is 4.

[0079] In this Embodiment 1, by tightening or loosening the jaws 34 of the drill chuck 31, different sizes of the outer tube 1 can be matched.

[0080] The usage method of the drill chuck 31 in this Embodiment 1 is as follows:

[0081] For the convenience of description, the default state is that the drill chuck 31 is locked on the outer tube 1.

[0082] When it is necessary to increase the depth of the head 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, loosen the drill chuck 31 to make the jaws 34 of the drill chuck 31 move away from each other along the radial direction. The drill chuck 31 moves towards the tail end 5 of the outer tube 1, and the drill chuck 31 drives the dilating tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, tighten the drill chuck 31 to make the jaws 34 of the drill chuck 31 move closer to each other along the radial direction until the jaws 34 are fixedly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, the dilating tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1 through the drill chuck 31.

[0083] When it is necessary to reduce the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, loosen the drill chuck 31 so that the jaws 34 of the drill chuck 31 move away from each other in the radial direction. The drill chuck 31 moves towards the head end 4 of the outer tube 1, and the drill chuck 31 drives the dilatation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, tighten the drill chuck 31 so that the jaws 34 of the drill chuck 31 move closer to each other in the radial direction until the jaws 34 are firmly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, the dilatation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1 through the drill chuck 31.

[0084] Through the above usage method, the distance between the head end 4 of the dilatation tool 2 and the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 defined by the drill chuck 31 at the current position is the depth that the operator needs for the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 to enter the myocardium.

[0085] It should be noted that: the method of tightening or loosening the jaws 34 of the drill chuck 31 is the same as that of the existing drill chuck 31, and will not be elaborated here.

[0086] Specifically, scale lines (not shown) can be provided on the side wall of the conical blade 21 and / or the outer wall of the liner 22.

[0087] The scale lines are used to indicate the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium and / or the incision depth. Through the scale lines, the depth that the head end 4 of the dilatation sheath defined by the drill chuck 31 enters the myocardium at the current position can be directly obtained.

[0088] Preferably, the outer tube 1 is a dilatation sheath. During use, first perform apical puncture with a puncture needle, and then insert a guide wire along the lumen of the puncture needle (the function of the guide wire is to guide both the delivery device and the dilatation sheath), and withdraw the puncture needle. Next, the head end 4 of the dilatation sheath enters the puncture opening along the guide wire to perform dilation, and continue to advance the dilatation sheath. The dilatation sheath drives the dilatation tool 2 and the radial locking mechanism 3 to move synchronously, and the dilatation tool 2 cuts the puncture opening to complete the incision dilation of the puncture opening.

[0089] Preferably, the outer tube 1 is a puncture needle. When the outer tube 1 is a puncture needle, there are two usage methods:

[0090] The first is used in conjunction with the clinical conventional apical puncture technique. First, perform apical puncture with an auxiliary instrument puncture needle, and then insert a guide wire along the lumen (the function of the guide wire is to guide both the delivery device and the puncture needle), and withdraw the auxiliary instrument puncture needle. Next, the head end 4 of the puncture needle enters the puncture opening along the guide wire to perform dilation, and continue to advance the puncture needle. The puncture needle drives the dilatation tool 2 and the radial locking mechanism 3 to move synchronously, and the dilatation tool 2 cuts the puncture opening to complete the incision dilation of the puncture opening.

[0091] The second type has the function of apical puncture. During use, the tip 4 of the puncture needle first performs apical puncture, and then a guide wire is inserted along the lumen of the puncture needle (the function of the guide wire is to guide the delivery device and has no effect during the incision dilation process). The puncture needle is continuously advanced forward, and the puncture needle drives the dilation cutter 2 and the radial locking mechanism 3 to move synchronously. The dilation cutter 2 cuts the puncture opening to complete the incision dilation of the puncture opening.

[0092] Specifically, Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 in, the cutting edge 23 is a straight cutting edge 24.

[0093] The straight cutting edge 24 can also be replaced by an arc cutting edge 25. Figure 14 in, the cutting edge 23 is an arc cutting edge 25. The arc cutting edge 25 includes a straight segment 251 and an arc segment 252. The straight segment 251 starts from the tip 4 of the conical blade 21, and the arc segment 252 connects the straight segment 251 and ends at the tail end 5 of the conical blade 21; the arc segment 252 has a concave curvature towards the outer tube 1 side.

[0094] For the arc cutting edge 25, through the arc segment 252 with a concave curvature towards the outer tube 1 side, the angle between the straight segment 251 and the outer tube 1 can be made smaller (it can also be understood that the diameter of the tip 4 of the straight segment 251 becomes smaller). Compared with the above straight cutting edge 24, the straight segment 251 can enter the puncture opening more easily and with less effort.

[0095] Specifically, it further includes a handle 7, and the tail end 5 of the outer tube 1 is connected to the handle 7.

[0096] The structure and shape of the handle 7 can be in various forms. It can be a straight handle, a cylindrical tube, an elliptical tube, or a special-shaped structure that is conducive to stable grasping. Different styles of anti-slip patterns can also be provided on the handle 7.

[0097] Embodiment 2:

[0098] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the difference between the dilator for apical puncture opening dilation in Embodiment 2 of the present application and Embodiment 1 is that the radial locking mechanism 3 is a multi-jaw chuck 32;

[0099] The dilation cutter 2 includes a conical blade 21 and a lining plate 22. There are multiple conical blades 21, and the multiple conical blades 21 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the multi-jaw chuck 32 and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the jaws 34 of the multi-jaw chuck 32. The tail end 5 of each conical blade 21 is fixedly connected to the end face of the corresponding jaw 34. The tips 4 of the multiple conical blades 21 are all arranged towards the tip 4 of the outer tube 1, and cutting edges 23 are provided on the outer edges of the multiple conical blades 21;

[0100] The liner 22 corresponds to the multiple conical blades 21 one by one. The liner 22 is arranged inside the conical blade 21 and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade 21.

[0101] A gap 6 is left between adjacent conical blades 21. During the process of the dilatation tool 2 dilating the puncture opening, the myocardium is allowed to fill the gap 6, reducing the extrusion of the myocardium.

[0102] Preferably, the number of the jaws 34 of the multi-jaw chuck 32 is 2 to 6, preferably 3 or 4.

[0103] In the second embodiment, by tightening or loosening the multi-jaw chuck 32, the outer tube 1 of different sizes is matched.

[0104] The usage method of the multi-jaw chuck 32 in the second embodiment is as follows:

[0105] For the convenience of description, the default state is that the multi-jaw chuck 32 is locked on the outer tube 1.

[0106] When it is necessary to increase the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, loosen the multi-jaw chuck 32 to make the jaws 34 of the multi-jaw chuck 32 move away from each other in the radial direction. The multi-jaw chuck 32 moves towards the tail end 5 of the outer tube 1. The multi-jaw chuck 32 drives the dilatation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, tighten the multi-jaw chuck 32 to make the jaws 34 of the multi-jaw chuck 32 move closer to each other in the radial direction until the jaws 34 are fixedly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, the dilatation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1 through the multi-jaw chuck 32.

[0107] When it is necessary to reduce the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, loosen the multi-jaw chuck 32 to make the jaws 34 of the multi-jaw chuck 32 move away from each other in the radial direction. The multi-jaw chuck 32 moves towards the head end 4 of the outer tube 1. The multi-jaw chuck 32 drives the dilatation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, tighten the multi-jaw chuck 32 to make the jaws 34 of the multi-jaw chuck 32 move closer to each other in the radial direction until the jaws 34 are fixedly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, the dilatation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1 through the multi-jaw chuck 32.

[0108] Through the above usage method, the distance between the head end 4 of the dilatation tool 2 and the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 defined by the multi-jaw chuck 32 at the current position is the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium required by the operator.

[0109] It should be noted that the method of tightening or loosening the jaws 34 of the multi-jaw chuck 32 is the same as that of the multi-jaw chuck 32 in the prior art, and will not be elaborated here.

[0110] Embodiment Three:

[0111] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the difference between the third embodiment of the present application and the first embodiment in the dilator for apex puncture port dilation is that the radial locking mechanism 3 is a snap member 33;

[0112] The dilating cutter 2 includes a conical blade 21 and a lining plate 22. There are multiple conical blades 21, and the multiple conical blades 21 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer tube 1. The tail end 5 of each conical blade 21 is connected to the end face of the corresponding snap member 33. The head ends 4 of the multiple conical blades 21 are all arranged towards the head end 4 of the outer tube 1. Cutting edges 23 are provided on the outer side edges of the multiple conical blades 21;

[0113] The lining plate 22 is arranged corresponding to the conical blade 21 one by one. The lining plate 22 is arranged inside the conical blade 21 and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade 21;

[0114] A gap 6 is left between adjacent conical blades 21. During the process of the dilating cutter 2 making an incision to dilate the puncture port, the myocardium is allowed to fill this gap 6, reducing the extrusion of the myocardium.

[0115] The snap member 33 includes an arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331 and a locking member 332;

[0116] There are multiple arc-shaped snap ring assemblies 331, and the multiple arc-shaped snap ring assemblies 331 are sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer tube 1. Adjacent arc-shaped snap ring assemblies 331 are connected by a pivot. A gap 6 is left between the two arc-shaped snap ring assemblies 331 at the end;

[0117] For the two arc-shaped snap ring assemblies 331 at the end, a locking member 332 is pivotally connected to one of the arc-shaped snap ring assemblies 331, and a slot 333 for cooperating with the locking member 332 is provided on the other arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331;

[0118] A boss 334 is provided on each arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331, and the boss 334 extends divergently along the radial direction of the outer tube 1;

[0119] The tail end 5 of each conical blade 21 is fixedly connected to the end face of the corresponding boss 334;

[0120] The lining plate 22 is arranged inside the conical blade 21 and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade 21.

[0121] In the third embodiment, by tightening or loosening the arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331 with the locking member 332, the outer tube 1 of different sizes can be matched.

[0122] The usage method of the snap member 33 in the third embodiment is as follows:

[0123] For ease of description, the default state is that the locking member 332 locks the arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331 to the outer tube 1.

[0124] When it is necessary to increase the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, the locking member 332 is separated from the card slot 333, and multiple arc-shaped snap ring assemblies 331 become loose. The arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331 moves towards the tail end 5 of the outer tube 1, and the arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331 drives the dilatation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, the locking member 332 is engaged with the card slot 333, so that the arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331 is firmly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, through the snap member 33 composed of the arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331, the dilatation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1.

[0125] When it is necessary to reduce the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, the locking member 332 is separated from the card slot 333, and multiple arc-shaped snap ring assemblies 331 become loose. The snap member 33 moves towards the head end 4 of the outer tube 1, and the arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331 drives the dilatation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, the locking member 332 is engaged with the card slot 333, so that the arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331 is firmly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, through the snap member 33 composed of the arc-shaped snap ring assembly 331, the dilatation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1.

[0126] Through the above usage method, the distance between the head end 4 of the dilatation tool 2 and the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 defined by the snap member 33 at the current position is the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium required by the operator.

[0127] Another feature of this structure is that it can be freely installed and removed on the outer tube 1, which is convenient for incision dilation at any time.

[0128] Embodiment 4:

[0129] As shown in Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 The dilator for apex puncture port dilation in the fourth embodiment of the present application is different from the third embodiment in that the snap member 33 includes a C-shaped clamp 335 and a locking member 332;

[0130] The locking member 332 passes through both ends of the C-shaped clamp 335;

[0131] The C-shaped clamp 335 is provided with a card slot 333, and the card slot 333 is arranged corresponding to a plurality of tapered blades 21;

[0132] Each tapered blade 21 is provided with a locking block 211, and each tapered blade 21 is detachably connected to the corresponding card slot 333 through the locking block 211;

[0133] The liner 22 is arranged inside the conical blade 21 and fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade 21. The tail end 5 of the liner 22 abuts against the bottom of the card slot 333.

[0134] With the above structure, the conical blade 21 can be disassembled from the C-shaped clamp 335. Thus, the conical blade 21 can be replaced, which is not a disposable use, reducing the use cost.

[0135] In the fourth embodiment, the C-shaped clamp 335 is tightened or loosened by the locking member 332 to match the outer tube 1 of different sizes.

[0136] The usage method of the fastener 33 in the fourth embodiment is as follows:

[0137] For the convenience of description, the default state is that the locking member 332 locks the C-shaped clamp 335 on the outer tube 1.

[0138] When it is necessary to increase the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, loosen the locking member 332. The C-shaped clamp 335 moves towards the tail end 5 of the outer tube 1. The C-shaped clamp 335 drives the dilatation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, tighten the locking member 332 to make the C-shaped clamp 335 firmly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, through the C-shaped clamp 335, the dilatation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1.

[0139] When it is necessary to reduce the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, loosen the locking member 332. The C-shaped clamp 335 moves towards the head end 4 of the outer tube 1. The C-shaped clamp 335 drives the dilatation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, tighten the locking member 332 to make the C-shaped clamp 335 firmly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, through the C-shaped clamp 335, the dilatation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1.

[0140] Through the above usage method, the current distance between the head end 4 of the dilatation tool 2 and the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 is the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium required by the operator.

[0141] Embodiment Five:

[0142] As Figure 11 、 Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown, the dilator for dilating the apical puncture opening in the fifth embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that the dilatation tool 2 in the fifth embodiment does not have a liner 22, and the fastener 33 includes a C-shaped clamp 335 and a locking member 332;

[0143] The locking member 332 passes through both ends of the C-shaped clamp 335;

[0144] The C-shaped clamp 335 is provided with a receiving groove 336, the receiving groove 336 corresponds to a plurality of conical blades 21 one by one, and clamping blocks 211 are arranged on the groove wall of the receiving groove 336;

[0145] Each conical blade 21 is arranged in the corresponding receiving groove 336, a clamping groove 333 is arranged on each conical blade 21, and each conical blade 21 is detachably connected to the corresponding clamping block 211 through the clamping groove 333.

[0146] With the above structure, the conical blade 21 can be detached from the C-shaped clamp 335. Thus, the conical blade 21 can be replaced, and it is not a one-time use, reducing the use cost.

[0147] In the fifth embodiment, the C-shaped clamp 335 is tightened or loosened by the locking member 332 to match the outer tube 1 of different sizes.

[0148] The usage method of the buckle member 33 in the fifth embodiment is as follows:

[0149] For the convenience of description, the default state is that the locking member 332 locks the C-shaped clamp 335 on the outer tube 1.

[0150] When it is necessary to increase the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, loosen the locking member 332, the C-shaped clamp 335 moves towards the tail end 5 direction of the outer tube 1, the C-shaped clamp 335 drives the dilation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, tighten the locking member 332 to make the C-shaped clamp 335 be firmly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, through the C-shaped clamp 335, the dilation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1.

[0151] When it is necessary to reduce the depth of the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 entering the myocardium, loosen the locking member 332, the C-shaped clamp 335 moves towards the head end 4 direction of the outer tube 1, the C-shaped clamp 335 drives the dilation tool 2 to move synchronously. After moving to the required position, tighten the locking member 332 to make the C-shaped clamp 335 be firmly connected to the outer tube 1. Thus, through the C-shaped clamp 335, the dilation tool 2 is locked at the current position of the outer tube 1.

[0152] Through the above usage method, the current distance between the head end 4 of the dilation tool 2 and the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 is the depth that the operator needs for the head end 4 of the outer tube 1 to enter the myocardium.

[0153] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expander for apical puncture site dilation, characterized in that, It includes an outer tube, an expansion tool, and a radial locking mechanism; The expansion tool is sleeved on the outer tube; The expansion tool has a conical structure with a small head end and a large tail end in cross-section, and the head end of the expansion tool is arranged towards the head end of the outer tube; The radial locking mechanism is sleeved on the outer tube on the tail end side of the expansion tool and is connected to the expansion tool; The radial locking mechanism can drive the expansion tool to slide on the outer tube and be fixed at any position on the outer tube, and through the radial locking mechanism, the expansion tool can be fixed on outer tubes with different diameters.

2. The dilator for apex puncture orifice dilation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial locking mechanism is a drill chuck, a multi-jaw chuck, or a snap-fastener.

3. The dilator for apical puncture port dilation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radial locking mechanism is a drill chuck; The expansion tool includes conical blades and a liner. There are multiple conical blades, and the multiple conical blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the drill chuck and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the jaws of the drill chuck. Each conical blade penetrates through the corresponding jaw in the radial direction of the drill chuck and is fixedly connected to the jaw. The head ends of the multiple conical blades are all arranged towards the head end of the outer tube, and cutting edges are provided on the outer edges of the multiple conical blades; The liner is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple conical blades, the liner is arranged inside the jaw, and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade; A gap is left between adjacent conical blades.

4. The dilator for apical puncture port dilation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radial locking mechanism is a multi-jaw chuck; The expansion tool includes conical blades and a liner. There are multiple conical blades, and the multiple conical blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the multi-jaw chuck and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the jaws of the multi-jaw chuck. The tail end of each conical blade is fixedly connected to the end face of the corresponding jaw. The head ends of the multiple conical blades are all arranged towards the head end of the outer tube, and cutting edges are provided on the outer edges of the multiple conical blades; The liner corresponds to the multiple conical blades one by one, the liner is arranged inside the conical blade, and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade; A gap is left between adjacent conical blades.

5. The dilator for apex puncture port dilation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radial locking mechanism is a snap-fastener; The expansion tool includes conical blades and / or a liner. There are multiple conical blades, and the multiple conical blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer tube. The tail end of each conical blade is connected to the end face of the corresponding snap-fastener. The head ends of the multiple conical blades are all arranged towards the head end of the outer tube, and cutting edges are provided on the outer edges of the multiple conical blades; The liner is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the conical blades, the liner is arranged inside the conical blade, and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade; A gap is left between adjacent conical blades.

6. The dilator for apex puncture orifice dilation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The snap-fastener includes an arc-shaped clamping ring assembly and a locking member; There are multiple arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies, and the multiple arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies are sequentially distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer tube. Adjacent arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies are connected by a pivot, and a gap is left between the two arc-shaped clamping ring assemblies at the ends; The two arc-shaped snap ring assemblies located at the ends, with a locking member pivotally connected to one of the arc-shaped snap ring assemblies, and a slot cooperating with the locking member provided on the other arc-shaped snap ring assembly; Each of the arc-shaped snap ring assemblies is provided with a boss, and the boss extends divergently along the radial direction of the outer tube; The tail end of each of the conical blades is fixedly connected to the end face of the corresponding boss; The lining plate is arranged inside the conical blade and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade.

7. The dilator for apex puncture orifice dilation according to claim 5, wherein, The buckle member includes a C-shaped clamp and a locking member; The locking member passes through both ends of the C-shaped clamp; The C-shaped clamp is provided with slots, and the slots are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of conical blades; Each of the conical blades is provided with a clamping block, and each of the conical blades is detachably connected to the corresponding slot through the clamping block; The lining plate is arranged inside the conical blade and is fixedly connected to the back of the corresponding conical blade, and the tail end of the lining plate abuts against the bottom of the slot.

8. The dilator for apex puncture orifice dilation according to claim 5, wherein The buckle member includes a C-shaped clamp and a locking member; The locking member passes through both ends of the C-shaped clamp; The C-shaped clamp is provided with receiving grooves, the receiving grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of the conical blades, and clamping blocks are arranged on the groove walls of the receiving grooves; Each of the conical blades is arranged in the corresponding receiving groove, each of the conical blades is provided with a slot, and each of the conical blades is detachably connected to the corresponding clamping block through the slot.

9. The dilator for apical puncture site dilation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cutting edge is a straight cutting edge, or, The cutting edge is an arc cutting edge, the arc cutting edge includes a straight segment and an arc segment, the straight segment starts from the head end of the conical blade, the arc segment connects the straight segment and ends at the tail end of the conical blade; the arc segment has a radian concave inward toward the outer tube side.

10. The dilator for apex puncture port dilation according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a handle, and the handle is connected to the tail end of the outer tube.

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