Pipe cleaner

Abstract

The invention relates to a pipe cleaner, and belongs to the technical field of pipeline cleaning machinery. The pipe cleaner is composed of a power device, a scraping jet flow device and a centralizing device which are sequentially arranged, and the scraping jet flow device is composed of a middle shaft, a multi-stage reducing jet flow spray head, a rotational flow spray head and a scraping assembly. According to the pipe cleaner, the scraping jet device and the power device can move forwards in the middle of the pipeline through the centralizing device, so that the scraping jet device and the power device can stably operate, and damage to the pipe wall caused by equipment deviation can be effectively avoided. And by means of rotational flow and jet flow, it can be ensured that the interior of the pipeline is flushed, the jamming risk can be reduced, and the cleaning efficiency is greatly improved. And the scraping assembly can rotate through the rotational flow nozzle, and the scraping and cleaning effect is ensured. And the diameter can be automatically changed during scraping, so that the pipeline adaptability is improved. The jet flow pipe cleaner solves the problem that an existing jet flow pipe cleaner is poor in cleaning capacity, is particularly suitable for long-distance oil and gas pipelines, and can greatly improve pipe cleaning efficiency and guarantee pipeline safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pigging device, belonging to the technical field of pipeline cleaning machinery. Background Art

[0002] As a key link connecting oil production and transportation, oil and gas pipelines are of great significance to economic development and energy transportation safety. With the continuous increase in the mileage of oil and gas pipelines, problems such as wax deposition, coke deposition, and corrosion on the inner wall of the pipeline have always been a major problem during the pigging process, and the safety of oil and gas pipelines is seriously threatened. However, traditional pigging technologies have problems such as easy blockage and low cleaning efficiency, which not only have high costs but also take a long time. The emergence of jet pigging devices has greatly solved these problems, not only accelerating the cleaning efficiency but also solving problems such as wax deposition, coke deposition, and corrosion on the inner wall of the pipeline, ensuring the safety of oil and gas pipelines.

[0003] A patent application with the publication number CN221638992U discloses a jet pigging device, which includes a jet pigging device sphere. A plurality of through holes are formed on the circumferential side of the jet pigging device sphere. A throttling structure, a flow-through structure, and a positioning device are installed inside the jet pigging device sphere. A sealing structure is installed on the circumferential side of the flow-through device. The throttling structure and the flow-through structure are communicated with the through holes. In this utility model, through holes are formed on the circumferential side of the jet pigging device sphere, and a throttling structure, a flow-through structure, and a positioning device are installed inside the jet pigging device sphere. The gas entering from the tail of the jet pigging device sphere can be ejected through the through holes, so that the gas forms a swirling flow, and thus the powder attached to the inner wall of the pipeline can be blown up, facilitating the cleaning of the powder, improving the cleaning efficiency, ensuring relatively clean cleaning, and can be positioned through the positioning device, so that the position of the jet pigging device sphere inside the pipeline can be monitored.

[0004] The above-mentioned pigging device can clean the inner wall of the pipeline, but during the cleaning process, it cleans the powder through swirling flow. When using the above-mentioned pigging device to clean stubborn dirt such as wax deposition on the inner wall of the oil and gas pipeline, it is necessary to increase the jet pressure. However, the pipeline has a pressure-bearing limit and the jet pressure cannot be increased indefinitely. In the case of relying solely on jet cleaning, the cleaning ability of the above-mentioned pigging device is weak. Therefore, it is necessary to redesign a pigging device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pigging device that can effectively enhance the cleaning ability and can effectively clean stubborn stains such as wax deposition.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A pigging device is composed of a power device, a scraping and jetting device, and a centering device arranged in sequence. Its characteristics are as follows: The scraping and jetting device is composed of an intermediate shaft, a multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle, a swirl nozzle, and a scraping assembly. A multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle is arranged at the front end of the intermediate shaft, and a swirl nozzle is arranged at the rear end of the intermediate shaft; a fluid pressure chamber is arranged on the intermediate shaft, and the fluid pressure chamber is respectively communicated with the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle and the swirl nozzle; scraping assemblies are respectively arranged on the intermediate shaft outside the swirl nozzle and the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle.

[0007] The swirl nozzle and the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle are respectively bent. The end of the swirl nozzle is bent circumferentially, and the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle is bent axially.

[0008] The scraping assembly is composed of a support bearing, a support pipe, a Y-shaped frame, a scraper, and a support spring. Support pipes are evenly distributed on the outer ring of the support bearing, a Y-shaped frame is inserted on the support pipe, and a scraper is arranged on the Y-shaped frame; a support spring is arranged in the support pipe between the Y-shaped frame and the outer ring of the support bearing; the inner ring of the support bearing is connected with the intermediate shaft.

[0009] The scraper is arc-shaped, and blades are arranged on the inner wall of the scraper.

[0010] The swirl nozzle and the outer ring of the support bearing outside the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle are fixedly connected by a synchronizing rod.

[0011] The power device is composed of a cup leather shaft, cup leather, and a one-way valve. Cup leather are respectively arranged at both ends of the cup leather shaft, and a one-way valve is arranged on the cup leather at the rear end of the cup leather shaft; the cup leather shaft is connected with the intermediate shaft through a flange.

[0012] A transition chamber is arranged on the cup leather shaft. One end of the transition chamber is communicated with the fluid pressure chamber, and a filter screen is arranged at the other end of the transition chamber.

[0013] The centering device is composed of a centering shaft, a centering variable-diameter rod, centering rollers, slide bars, sliders, connecting rods, and tension springs. Centering variable-diameter rods are evenly installed at the front end of the centering shaft through pin shafts, and centering rollers are arranged at the ends of the centering variable-diameter rods; slide bars are evenly distributed at the rear end of the centering shaft, sliders are movably installed on the slide bars, and the sliders are connected with the centering variable-diameter rods through connecting rods; tension springs are sleeved on the slide bars inside the sliders; the centering shaft is connected with the intermediate shaft through a universal joint.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The pigging device enables the scraping jet device and the power device to move forward in the center of the pipeline through the centering device, which not only enables the scraping jet device and the power device to operate stably, but also effectively avoids damage to the pipeline wall caused by equipment deviation. The use of multiple multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzles can wash the impurities in the pipeline in a 360-degree non-dead-angle manner, and can accelerate the jet flow and reduce the risk of jamming when the pipeline is blocked, greatly improving the cleaning efficiency. The scraping component can be rotated through the swirl nozzle, and the fluid impacts the blade to drive the scraper to rotate, realizing the functions of axial scraping and circumferential rotary scraping, and ensuring the scraping and cleaning effect. It automatically changes the diameter through the support spring and always remains connected to the pipeline wall, adapting to different oil and gas pipelines, greatly improving the pipeline adaptability of the pigging device and reducing the economic loss and manpower loss caused by frequent disassembly. The double-layer leather cup device at the rear end can clean the pipeline twice. The front-layer leather cup collects the impurities cleaned, and the thick-layer leather cup conducts a thorough secondary cleaning of the pipeline to ensure the pipeline cleaning quality. A one-way valve is installed on the rear-layer leather cup, which can dynamically adjust the pressure difference before and after the leather cup, protect the leather cup structure, prevent the leather cup from deforming, and reduce the damage to the device. It solves the problem of weak cleaning ability existing in the existing jet pigging device, is especially suitable for long-distance oil and gas pipelines, and can greatly improve the pigging efficiency and ensure pipeline safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is an axonometric schematic diagram of the scraping jet device of the present invention; Figure 3 is a sectional schematic diagram of the scraping jet device of the present invention; Figure 4 is a distribution schematic diagram of the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzles of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the scraping component of the present invention; Figure 6 is an axonometric schematic diagram of the scraper of the present invention; Figure 7 is an axonometric schematic diagram of the power device of the present invention; Figure 8 is a sectional schematic diagram of the power device of the present invention; Figure 9 is an axonometric schematic diagram of the centering device of the present invention; Figure 10 is a sectional schematic diagram of the centering device of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Intermediate shaft; 2. Multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle; 3. Swirl nozzle; 4. Fluid pressure chamber; 5. Support bearing; 6. Support pipe; 7. Y-shaped frame; 8. Scraper; 9. Support spring; 10. Blade; 11. Synchronous rod; 12. Piston rod; 13. Piston cup; 14. Check valve; 15. Transition chamber; 16. Filter screen; 17. Centering shaft; 18. Centering variable-diameter rod; 19. Centering roller; 20. Slide bar; 21. Slide block; 22. Connecting rod; 23. Tension spring; 24. Universal joint. Detailed implementation mode

[0017] This pigging device is composed of a power device, a scraping and jetting device, and a centering device arranged in sequence, so as to provide a forward thrust to the scraping and jetting device and the centering device through the power device under the action of pressure to push the scraping and jetting device and the centering device to move forward; the inner wall of the pipeline is scraped and jetted through the scraping and jetting device, so as to clean the pipeline; the scraping and jetting device and the power device are centered through the centering device, ensuring that the scraping and jetting device and the power device are not easily offset during operation, and ensuring the power transmission and the scraping and cleaning effect.

[0018] The scraping and jetting device is composed of an intermediate shaft 1, a multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2, a swirl nozzle 3 and a scraping assembly. A multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2 is arranged at the front end of the intermediate shaft 1. The multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2 is bent, and the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2 is bent axially, so as to jet outwards through the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2, and then wash the inner wall of the pipeline and the dirt falling off from the inner wall of the pipeline. The inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned by washing the inner wall of the pipeline; by washing the falling dirt, the fluidity of the falling dirt can be effectively enhanced, which is convenient for pushing the dirt forward and reducing the risk of dirt jamming in the pipeline. A swirl nozzle 3 is arranged at the rear end of the intermediate shaft 1. The swirl nozzle 3 is bent, and the end of the swirl nozzle 3 is bent circumferentially, so as to form a swirl through the swirl nozzle 3, and then drive the jet to rotate, which can effectively expand the cleaning range of the jet, so as to clean without dead angles. A fluid pressure chamber 4 is arranged on the intermediate shaft 1. The fluid pressure chamber 4 is spindle-shaped with a thick middle and thin ends, so as to form a buffer chamber through the fluid pressure chamber 4. The fluid pressure chamber 4 is respectively communicated with the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2 and the swirl nozzle 3. Scraping assemblies are respectively arranged on the intermediate shaft 1 outside the swirl nozzle 3 and the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2, so as to scrape the inner wall of the pipeline through the scraping assemblies and further clean the inner wall of the pipeline in cooperation with the jet.

[0019] The scraping assembly consists of a support bearing 5, a support pipe 6, a Y-shaped frame 7, a scraper 8 and a support spring 9. The support pipes 6 are evenly distributed on the outer ring of the support bearing 5. The Y-shaped frame 7 is inserted on the support pipe 6. The scraper 8 is arranged on the Y-shaped frame 7 to scrape the inner wall of the pipeline through the scraper 8, so as to further clean the inner wall of the pipeline. A support spring 9 is arranged in the support pipe 6 between the Y-shaped frame 7 and the outer ring of the support bearing 5; the inner ring of the support bearing 5 is connected to the intermediate shaft 1. The function of the support spring 9 is to support the Y-shaped frame 7 through the elastic force of the support spring 9, and then support the scraper 8, so as to push the scraper 8 to adapt to the pipeline, so that the scraping assembly can scrape and clean pipelines with different diameters, improving the universality of the pig. Through the cooperation of scraping and jet flow, the cleaning ability can be effectively improved, and the cleaning effect can be effectively improved under a certain pressure.

[0020] The scraper 8 is arc-shaped, and blades 10 are arranged on the inner wall of the scraper 8 to push the scraper 8 to rotate through the blades 10 when the swirling flow and the jet flow impact the blades 10, and then drive the scraper 8 to clean the inner wall of the pipeline during rotation, increasing the cleaning range of the scraper 8 on the inner wall of the pipeline, so that the scraper 8 can clean the inner wall of the pipeline without dead angles.

[0021] The outer ring of the support bearing 5 between the swirling flow nozzle 3 and the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2 is fixedly connected through a synchronizing rod 11. The function of the synchronizing rod 11 is to enable the scraper 8 at the front end of the intermediate shaft 1 to rotate synchronously with the scraper 8 at the rear end of the intermediate shaft 1 through the synchronizing rod 11, and then enable the scraper 8 at the front end of the intermediate shaft 1 to drive the scraper 8 at the rear end of the intermediate shaft 1 to rotate.

[0022] The power device consists of a cup leather shaft 12, cup leather 13 and a check valve 14. Cup leather 13 is arranged at both ends of the cup leather shaft 12, and a check valve 14 is arranged on the cup leather 13 at the rear end of the cup leather shaft 12; the cup leather shaft 12 is connected to the intermediate shaft 1 through a flange. A transition cavity 15 is arranged on the cup leather shaft 12. One end of the transition cavity 15 is communicated with the fluid pressure cavity 4, and a filter screen 16 is arranged at the other end of the transition cavity 15. The function of the cup leather 13 is to drive the cup leather shaft 12 to move forward through the cup leather 13 when pressure acts on the cup leather 13, so as to drive the centering device and the scraping and jetting device to move forward respectively. The function of the check valve 14 is to make the pressure flow between the cup leather 13 by overcoming the elastic force of the check valve 14 spring when the pressure is too high, so as to avoid damage to the cup leather 13 caused by excessive pressure.

[0023] The centering device consists of a centering shaft 17, a centering diameter-changing rod 18, centering rollers 19, sliding rods 20, sliding blocks 21, connecting rods 22 and tension springs 23. At the front end of the centering shaft 17, the centering diameter-changing rods 18 are evenly installed through pin shafts, and centering rollers 19 are arranged at the ends of the centering diameter-changing rods 18; at the rear end of the centering shaft 17, sliding rods 20 are evenly distributed, and sliding blocks 21 are movably installed on the sliding rods 20. The sliding blocks 21 are connected to the centering diameter-changing rods 18 through connecting rods 22; tension springs 23 are sleeved on the sliding rods 20 inside the sliding blocks 21; the centering shaft 17 is connected to the intermediate shaft 1 through a universal joint 24. The function of the tension spring 23 is to pull the sliding block 21 through the tension spring 23, and then push the connecting rod 22 through the sliding block 21, so as to push the centering diameter-changing rod 18 through the connecting rod 22, making the centering diameter-changing rod 18 rotate around the pin shaft as the axis, so that the centering roller 19 at the end of the centering diameter-changing rod 18 abuts against the inner wall of the pipeline, enabling the centering device to adapt to pipelines with different diameters; through the cooperation of multiple centering rollers 19 and the tension spring 23, the centering shaft 17 can be effectively supported in the center of the pipeline, thereby centering the scraping jet device and the power device to ensure the cleaning effect; at the same time, through the tension spring 23, the centering rollers 19 can contract inward, effectively improving the obstacle-crossing ability of the centering device.

[0024] When the pig works, the scraper 8 of the scraping component of the pig abuts against the inner wall of the pipeline under the elastic force of the support spring 9, and the centering roller 19 of the centering device abuts against the inner wall of the pipeline under the elastic force of the tension spring 23, and the scraping jet device and the power device are centered through the centering device. Fluid is introduced into the pipeline, and when the fluid pressure acts on the leather cup 13 of the power device, it pushes the leather cup 13 forward, and then pushes the scraping jet device and the centering device forward. During the forward movement of the scraping jet device in the pipeline, the scraper 8 scrapes and cleans the inner wall of the pipeline. The fluid acting on the leather cup 13 is filtered by the filter screen 16 and then enters the fluid pressure chamber 4 through the transition chamber 15. A part of the fluid entering the fluid pressure chamber 4 is ejected through the swirl nozzle 3 to form a swirl in the pipeline; the other part is ejected through the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle 2 to form a jet in the pipeline, and the inner wall of the pipeline is flushed and cleaned through the swirl and the jet. The dirt debris impacted and shed by the swirl and the jet pushes the dirt forward. At the same time, the swirl and the jet impact the blade 10, and then drive the scraper 8 to rotate around the intermediate shaft 1 as the axis, and the inner wall of the pipeline is cleaned by the rotating scraper 8.

[0025] The pigging device enables the scraping jet device and the power device to move forward centered in the pipeline through the centering device, which not only enables the scraping jet device and the power device to operate stably, but also effectively avoids damage to the pipeline wall caused by equipment offset. The use of multiple multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzles can wash the impurities in the pipeline without dead angles of 360°, and can accelerate the jet flow and reduce the risk of jamming when the pipeline is blocked, greatly improving the cleaning efficiency. The scraping component can be rotated through the swirl nozzle, and the fluid impacts the blade to drive the scraper to rotate, realizing the functions of axial scraping and circumferential rotary scraping to ensure the scraping and cleaning effect. It automatically changes its diameter through the support spring and always remains connected to the pipeline wall, adapting to different oil and gas pipelines, greatly improving the pipeline adaptability of the pigging device and reducing the economic loss and labor loss caused by frequent disassembly. The double-layer cup device at the rear end can clean the pipeline twice. The front-layer cup collects the impurities cleaned, and the thick-layer cup conducts a thorough secondary cleaning of the pipeline to ensure the pipeline cleaning quality. A check valve is installed on the rear-layer cup, which can dynamically adjust the pressure difference before and after the cup to protect the cup structure, prevent the cup from deforming, and reduce the damage to the device. It solves the problem of weak cleaning ability existing in the existing jet pigging device, is especially suitable for long-distance oil and gas pipelines, and can greatly improve the pigging efficiency and ensure pipeline safety.

Claims

1. A pipe cleaning device, which is composed of a power device, a scraping jet device and a straightening device arranged in sequence, characterized in that: The scraping jet device comprises an intermediate shaft (1), a multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle (2), a swirl nozzle (3) and a scraping assembly. The front end of the intermediate shaft (1) is provided with the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle (2), and the rear end of the intermediate shaft (1) is provided with the swirl nozzle (3); a fluid pressure chamber (4) is provided on the intermediate shaft (1), and the fluid pressure chamber (4) is respectively connected to the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle (2) and the swirl nozzle (3); and scraping assemblies are respectively provided on the swirl nozzle (3) and the intermediate shaft (1) outside the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle (2).

2. A pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swirl nozzle (3) and the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle (2) are respectively bent, with the end of the swirl nozzle (3) bent in the circumferential direction and the end of the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle (2) bent in the axial direction.

3. A pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping assembly is composed of a support bearing (5), a support tube (6), a Y-shaped frame (7), a scraper (8) and a support spring (9); the support tubes (6) are evenly distributed on the outer ring of the support bearing (5); the Y-shaped frame (7) is inserted on the support tube (6); and the scraper (8) is arranged on the Y-shaped frame (7); a support spring (9) is arranged in the support tube (6) between the Y-shaped frame (7) and the outer ring of the support bearing (5); and the inner ring of the support bearing (5) is connected to the intermediate shaft (1).

4. A pipe cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The scraper (8) is in an arc shape, and a blade (10) is provided on the inner wall of the scraper (8).

5. A pipe cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer rings of the support bearings (5) outside the swirl nozzle (3) and the multi-stage reduced-diameter jet nozzle (2) are fixedly connected via a synchronization rod (11).

6. A pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power device is composed of a leather cup shaft (12), a leather cup (13) and a one-way valve (14). The two end ends of the leather cup shaft (12) are respectively provided with leather cups (13), and the leather cup (13) at the rear end of the leather cup shaft (12) is provided with a one-way valve (14). The leather cup shaft (12) is connected to the intermediate shaft (1) through a flange.

7. A pipe cleaning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The leather cup shaft (12) is provided with a transition chamber (15), one end of the transition chamber (15) is connected to the fluid pressure chamber (4), and the other end of the transition chamber (15) is provided with a filter screen (16).

8. A pipe cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightening device is composed of a straightening shaft (17), a straightening diameter-changing rod (18), a straightening roller (19), a sliding rod (20), a slider (21), a connecting rod (22) and a tension spring (23). The front end of the straightening shaft (17) is evenly provided with a straightening diameter-changing rod (18) through a pin shaft, and the end of the straightening diameter-changing rod (18) is provided with a straightening roller (19); the rear end of the straightening shaft (17) is evenly provided with a sliding rod (20), and a slider (21) is movably installed on the sliding rod (20), and the slider (21) is connected to the straightening diameter-changing rod (18) through a connecting rod (22); the sliding rod (20) inside the slider (21) is sleeved with a tension spring (23); the straightening shaft (17) is connected to the intermediate shaft (1) through a universal joint (24).

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