Broaching equipment and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides broaching equipment which comprises a machining table top, a broaching assembly, a driving assembly and a guiding assembly, the broaching assembly comprises a clamping part, a broaching part, a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are located on the two sides of the machining table top, and the driving assembly comprises a first driving part and a second driving part; the broaching assembly comprises a first driving part and a second driving part, the first driving part at least drives the broaching assembly to move relative to the machining table top, the second driving part at least drives the first mounting plate to move relative to the second mounting plate, the guide assembly comprises a main guide shaft set and an auxiliary guide shaft set, and the auxiliary guide shaft set is at least fixedly connected with the second mounting plate. The first driving part drives the auxiliary guiding shaft set to move relative to the main guiding shaft set in the axial direction. The upper face and the lower face of the fixed end face are kept relatively parallel, the axial centering reliability of the broach and the stress effect stability during work are improved, and the service life of the broach is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a hole broaching device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Hole broaching devices are mainly applied to the machining of some workpieces with grooved holes. Through broaching, higher dimensional accuracy and smaller surface roughness can be obtained. It is mainly a machine tool that uses a broach to machine through holes, planes, and formed surfaces of workpieces.

[0003] Generally, a broach positioning and clamping device is used to clamp the tail end of the broach. The clamping device drives the broach to move, so that the broach passes through the workpiece to form a broached hole. The broach is prone to breakage during the process of passing through and exiting the workpiece. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a hole broaching device, which helps to improve the service life of the broach.

[0005] The present application mainly provides a hole broaching device, including a carrier, a broaching assembly, a driving assembly, and a guiding assembly. The broaching assembly includes a broach, a clamping part, and a broaching part. The clamping part and the broaching part are coaxially arranged. The clamping part and the broaching part can clamp the broach. Along the vertical direction, the clamping part and the broaching part are located on both sides of the carrier. The driving assembly at least drives the clamping part to move closer to the carrier, and the driving assembly at least drives the broaching part to move away from the clamping part, so that the broach and the clamping part are separated.

[0006] By respectively arranging a clamping part and a broaching part at both ends of the workpiece, the clamping part drives the end of the broach to pass through the workpiece, and the broaching part withdraws the broach from the other end. When the broach is withdrawn, the hole part of the workpiece is machined, which helps to improve the stability of the force acting on the broach and increases the service life of the broach.

[0007] The present application also provides a control method for a hole broaching device, which is applicable to a broach adapted to the hole broaching device. The broach includes a first end and a second end. The control method includes:

[0008] Fix the first end of the broach through the clamping part, and the clamping part drives the broach to move towards the side close to the workpiece until the second end of the broach passes through the prefabricated hole of the workpiece;

[0009] The broaching part fixes the second end of the broach, the clamping part releases the first end of the broach, and the broaching part drives the broach to move away from the workpiece until the first end passes through the hole of the workpiece.

[0010] Since the broaching direction during the broaching process of the broach does not change, and the broach is fixed twice along the guiding direction of the guiding component, the consistency of the cutting direction can also significantly improve the smoothness of the cutting surface, which can not only improve the processing efficiency, but also make the processed end face of the workpiece more beautiful and reduce burrs. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0011] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the loading tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the broaching tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the clamping part tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the broaching part tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the dust cover tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 7 Partial enlarged schematic diagram of the dust cover tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cleaning component tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the waste chip collection tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Reference Numerals:

[0021] 1 - Hole broaching device, 2 - Processing table, 3 - Broaching component, 4 - Guiding component, 5 - Driving component, 6 - Cleaning component;

[0022] 21 - Feeding track, 22 - Placing table, 23 - Loading position, 24 - Processing position, 25 - First avoidance opening, 26 - Second avoidance opening;

[0023] 31 - Clamping part, 32 - Broaching part, 33 - First guiding sleeve, 34 - Second guiding sleeve, 331 - Air guiding channel, 341 - Chip discharging port, 35 - Clamping device, 351 - First clamping device, 352 - Second clamping device, 36 - Clamping arm, 37 - Fixing piece, 38 - Broach;

[0024] 41 - Main guiding shaft group, 42 - Sub - guiding shaft group, 43 - Guiding shaft, 431 - First mounting plate, 432 - Second mounting plate, 44 - Driving plate, 45 - Support plate, 46 - Limiting device;

[0025] 51 - First driving part, 511 - First mounting body, 512 - First driving shaft, 52 - Second driving part, 521 - Second mounting body, 522 - Second driving shaft, 53 - Third driving part, 54 - Fourth driving part;

[0026] 61 - Frame, 62 - Machine cover, 63 - Dust - proof cover, 64 - Chip - collecting box, 65 - Air - blowing pipeline, 651 - First pipeline, 652 - Second pipeline, 66 - Brush, 67 - Photo - electric sensing device. Specific embodiments

[0027] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0028] It should be understood that the "first", "second" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of the present application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "one" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but indicate that there is at least one; "several" indicates a quantity of two or more, unless otherwise specified. The orientation terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inner, outer, top, bottom, etc. mentioned or likely to be mentioned in the text are defined relative to the structure shown in the corresponding drawings. They are relative concepts and may accordingly change depending on their different positions and usage states. Therefore, these or other orientation terms should not be construed as restrictive terms. The terms "including" or "comprising" and similar terms mean that the elements or items appearing before "including" or "comprising" cover the elements or items listed after "including" or "comprising" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items.

[0029] Next, with reference to the drawings, the hole - drawing equipment of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in detail. Without conflict, the features in the following embodiments and implementation manners can be mutually supplemented or combined.

[0030] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, the broaching device 1 includes a processing table 2, a driving assembly 5, a guiding assembly 4, and a broaching assembly 3. The driving assembly 5 can drive the broaching assembly 3 to reciprocate axially along the guiding assembly 4 to complete the broaching process of the workpiece. Among them, the broaching assembly 3 includes a clamping part 31 located on one side of the processing table 2 and a broaching part 32 located on the other side of the processing table 2.

[0031] During an operation process, the driving assembly 5 drives the clamping part 31 to move towards one side of the processing table 2. In some embodiments, the clamping part 31, the processing table 2, and the broaching part 32 are arranged in the vertical direction. Along the vertical direction, the clamping part 31 is located above the processing table 2, and the broaching part 32 is located below the processing table 2. When the clamping part 31 drives the broach to move downward in the vertical direction, the broach penetrates into the hole part of the workpiece to be processed from above, and part of the broach penetrates out from below the workpiece, so that the broaching part 32 can clamp the broach from below. After the broaching part 32 successfully clamps the broach, the driving assembly 5 drives the broaching part 32 to move downward, that is, in the direction away from the processing table 2. At this time, the broach performs cutting processing on the hole part of the workpiece.

[0032] It can be understood that the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 are coaxially arranged. They can be respectively fixed on the carriage and directly penetrate through the guiding assembly 4 to slide axially relative to each other.

[0033] As Figure 2 described, the broaching assembly 3 further includes a first mounting plate 431 and a second mounting plate 432. Among them, the first mounting plate 431 is located above the processing table 2, and the second mounting plate 432 is located below the processing table 2. The first mounting plate 431 penetrates through the shaft body of the guiding assembly 4 and can move axially along the guiding assembly 4. The second mounting plate 432 is fixed at the shaft end of part of the guiding assembly 4 and can move relative to the processing table 2 following the guiding assembly 4.

[0034] In some embodiments, the guiding assembly 4 includes a main guiding shaft group 41 and a secondary guiding shaft group 42. The lower end of the main guiding shaft group 41 is fixedly connected to the processing table 2. The secondary guiding shaft group 42 penetrates through the processing table 2 and the first mounting plate 431, and the lower end of the secondary guiding shaft group 42 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 432. It can be understood that the main guiding shaft group 41 is fixed relative to the processing table 2, and the secondary guiding shaft group 42, the first mounting plate 41, and the second mounting plate 432 can be movably arranged relative to the processing table 2.

[0035] The driving assembly 5 includes a first driving part 51 and a second driving part 52. During an operation process, the first driving part 51 can drive the secondary guiding shaft group 42 to move relative to the main guiding shaft group 41, and the second driving part 52 can drive the first mounting plate 431 to move relative to the second mounting plate 432.

[0036] As Figure 3As shown, the clamping part 31 is fixedly assembled on one side of the first mounting plate 431 facing the machining table 2, and the broaching part 32 is fixedly assembled on one side of the second mounting plate 432 facing the machining table. The two are arranged axially and vertically opposite to each other along the guiding component 4.

[0037] In one embodiment, the clamping part 31 includes a first clamping device 351 arranged on the first mounting plate 431, and the broaching part 32 includes a second clamping device 352 arranged on the second mounting plate 432. Among them, the first mounting plate 431 and the second mounting plate 432 are simultaneously penetrated through the guiding component 4. The first mounting plate 431 is arranged parallel to the upper side of the machining table 2, and the second mounting plate 432 is arranged parallel to the lower side of the machining table 2. The clamping centers of the first clamping device 351 and the second clamping device 352 are on the same axis, respectively corresponding to clamping the two ends of the broach shaft body.

[0038] It can be understood that the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 further include fixing parts 37 located between the first mounting plate 431 and the first clamping device 351, and between the second mounting plate 432 and the second clamping device 352. Through the transition connection of the fixing parts 37, the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 are respectively fastened and integrally arranged with the first mounting plate 431 and the second mounting plate 432.

[0039] Combined with the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The clamping device 35 fixed on the fixing part 37 includes a plurality of clamping arms 36 symmetrically distributed around the clamping center, and can be simultaneously driven by the fourth driving part 54 to tighten inward to clamp and fix the broach.

[0040] In one embodiment, the clamping device 35 includes a clamping arm 36 and a cylinder for driving the clamping arm 36. Specifically, the clamping device 35 is a three-jaw structure, and the clamping arm 36 can be simultaneously ejected by the cylinder to clamp the tool shaft. Specifically, the clamping arm 36 is three jaws symmetrically distributed around the axis center, and the adjacent clamping arms 36 are arranged at an angle of 120° to each other in the circumferential direction.

[0041] It can be understood that the number of the clamping arms 36 can also be 4, 6 or others symmetrically distributed around the axis center. There is no need to make specific limitations here, and it can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual workpiece or broach situation, as long as it is circumferentially uniform and centrosymmetric.

[0042] In addition, a guiding sleeve is provided at the center of the clamping device 35. The guiding sleeve is a hollow structure. Before the clamping arm 36 clamps the broach, the end of the tool shaft can be first inserted into the guiding sleeve, and the tool shaft can be centered and guided by the guiding sleeve. On this basis, the broach is clamped and fixed by the clamping arm 36, which can further improve the centering accuracy of the tool shaft and is convenient for alignment and installation.

[0043] The clamping part 31 includes a first guiding sleeve 33, and the broaching part 32 includes a second guiding sleeve 34. The first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 are coaxially arranged. Specifically, the first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 are respectively located at the clamping centers of the first clamping device 351 and the second clamping device 352. In some embodiments, the projections of the first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 in the guiding direction of the guiding assembly 4 are located at the clamping center of the clamping arm 36, and the minimum distance from the processing table 2 is greater than the minimum distance from the processing table 2 at the position where the clamping arm 36 clamps the broach.

[0044] By clamping and positioning the broach simultaneously with the first guiding sleeve 33 and the first clamping device 351, on the one hand, the first guiding sleeve 33 can assist in centering the end of the broach during clamping, and at the same time, it can also make the clamping point of the first clamping device 351 closer to the inside, correspondingly shortening the force arm during broaching of the broach, increasing the optimization and improvement space for the length and broaching height of the broach; on the other hand, the positioning axis of the broach can be determined by the inner cylinder in cooperation with the clamping positioning point, improving the centering accuracy of clamping the broach. Moreover, the first guiding sleeve 33 and the first clamping device 351 are fixed relative to the first mounting plate structure 431, which can further strengthen the consistency between the broach and the guiding shaft 43 and enhance the reliability of broach centering.

[0045] Preferably, the inside of the guiding sleeve is a hollow structure, and the diameter of the guiding sleeve is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the end of the tool shaft, so that the end of the tool shaft can more easily extend into the guiding sleeve. In some embodiments, the guiding sleeve can also be provided with a chamfer to guide the tool shaft to smoothly insert into the guiding sleeve through the chamfer setting.

[0046] In addition, the inside of the air guiding sleeve 33 can be connected to the air path system of the broaching device 1, and air flow is blown out along the inner wall channel of the guiding sleeve.

[0047] It can be understood that the air path system is arranged on the clamping part 31. A connection port is arranged inside the first guiding sleeve 33 on the clamping part 31, and an air guiding channel 34 facing the end of the broach is arranged inside the first guiding sleeve 33, and air flow can be blown out from the inside to the outside along the air guiding channel 34.

[0048] Preferably, there are at least two times of air blowing and cleaning during the finish broaching process, corresponding to before the clamping part 31 clamps the tool shaft and after the clamping part 31 delivers the broach to the broaching part 32 for release respectively.

[0049] In one embodiment, before the broach is about to extend into the first guiding sleeve 33, the pneumatic system controls the air passage to blow out air along the first guiding sleeve 33. The air flow is used to perform the first chip cleaning treatment on the inner wall of the first guiding sleeve 33 and the surface of the broach, ensuring that there is no residual processing waste on the surfaces of the first guiding sleeve 33, the clamping arm 36 and the broach, reducing the situation of chip support under the hard contact clamping condition of the broach, improving the centering accuracy of the tool shaft and the machining accuracy of the workpiece end face, and at the same time, it can also reduce the scratching of the broach or the workpiece surface under the abnormal clamping state.

[0050] In another embodiment, the unclamped end of the broach is passed through the aperture of the workpiece by the clamping part 31. After being clamped by the broaching part 32, the jaws of the clamping part 31 start to release the tool shaft. When the end of the broach leaves the guiding sleeve of the clamping part 31, the valve assembly continues to control the air blowing pipeline to blow out air along the inner wall of the sleeve. At the same time, the broaching part 32 starts to drive the broach to continue to move downward to start the finish broaching. Since the clamping part 31 is located above the broaching part 32 and is arranged opposite to it, the air flow blown out here can further clean the broaching processing part, guide the broaching waste chips to be blown out in the same direction, and avoid the waste chips from splashing into the electric control box to interfere with the circuit. In addition, when the air flow passes over the broaching part, while taking away the waste chips to protect the processing end face, it can also take away part of the heat generated during the machining of the broach and the workpiece, and extend the service life of the broach.

[0051] Furthermore, the broaching part 32 also includes a chip discharging port 341 provided on the second guiding sleeve 34. It can be understood that the second guiding sleeve 34 is located below the air blowing port of the first guiding sleeve 33 on the clamping part 31, and a through chip discharging port 341 is provided on the side. The air flow passing through the first guiding sleeve 33 can directly blow out the debris inside the sleeve from the chip discharging port 341.

[0052] In one embodiment, the first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 are approximately columnar structures. Among them, the air guiding channel 34 is located inside the first guiding sleeve 33, and the chip discharging port 341 is located on the side of the second guiding sleeve 34. Specifically, when the first guiding sleeve 33 located above starts to blow out gas, since the second guiding sleeve 34 is located below the first guiding sleeve 33 and is arranged opposite to it, there is a part of the air flow in the direct flow direction that can rush into the hollow sleeve of the second guiding sleeve 34. Until it impacts the bottom of the sleeve and then starts to refract to both sides, at this time, it can flow out through the lateral chip discharging port 341, so as to take out the waste chips inside the second guiding sleeve 34.

[0053] It is understandable that the second guide sleeve 34 is located below the broach, and the waste chips are easily caught by gravity. In the process of hole pulling, it is also located downstream of the cutting direction, so it is more likely to have the problem of chip accumulation. Due to the deepness of the sleeve, it greatly increases the difficulty of cleaning for the operator. However, if the waste chips in the sleeve cannot be cleared out, it will often cause problems such as eccentricity or scratching of the tool shaft when clamping the broach. Therefore, the chip cleaning is carried out through the blowing function of the first guide sleeve 33, which can not only easily bring the waste chips in the sleeve from the inside to the outside, but also ensure the accuracy of the sleeve centering before and after the broach is pulled.

[0054] In addition, the processing table 2 at least includes an escape opening that is arranged to penetrate along the guide direction, and at least the projections of the first guide sleeve 33 and the second guide sleeve 34 in the extension direction fall on the escape opening, and the escape opening at least allows the tool axis to pass through the processing table 2.

[0055] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the schematic diagram of the tooling structure, the hole pulling equipment 1 also includes a loading tooling located on the processing table 2, and the guide assembly 4 is symmetrically arranged around the avoidance opening. A feeding track 21 and a storage table 22 for lateral feeding are left in the middle of the guide assembly 4, and the storage table 22 can transport the workpiece along the feeding track 21 to above the avoidance opening.

[0056] Specifically, the surface of the processing table 2 includes a placement table 22 for placing workpieces, and a feeding track 21 for conveying the placement table 22. The placement table 22 can be transported along the feeding track 21 to above the avoidance port. The feeding track 21 includes at least a processing position 24 located in the axial position of the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32, and a loading position 23 that is axially offset from the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 and has an open space above.

[0057] In an operation process, when the workpiece is being broached, the platform 22 can slide forward and backward along the slide groove on the feeding track 21. Specifically, the platform 22 is first transported to the loading position 23 by the feeding track 21, and then the workpiece to be processed is placed on the platform 22 for positioning, and then the platform 22 with the workpiece is sent to the processing position 24 between the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 by the feeding track 21, waiting for the axial movement of the broach to perform fine machining on the inner hole of the workpiece.

[0058] In one embodiment, the feeding track 21 includes two guide rails arranged in parallel on the processing table 2, and the guide rails are provided with guide grooves which are horizontally limited with the storage table 22. The storage table 22 is bridge-shaped and overlaps the left and right two guide rails, and slides forward and backward along the guide rails. It can be understood that the workpiece is fixedly assembled on the surface of the storage table 22 between the two guide rails, and the workpiece can move forward and backward with the storage table 22.

[0059] Recombination Figures 6 - 7The dust-proof cover 63 tooling of the shown broaching device 1, a chip removal mechanism is further arranged on the processing table 2, the chip removal mechanism includes a dust-proof cover 63 at least partially covering the outside of the placement table 22, and the dust-proof cover 63 is correspondingly located between adjacent side rails.

[0060] In one embodiment, the dust-proof cover 63 is at least located at the processing position 24 of the feeding track 21, and an open space axially penetrating and laterally enclosing is arranged on the dust-proof cover 63. Specifically, when the broaching part 32 starts to clamp the broach and drives the broach to broach downward, the broaching part of the broach enters the dust-proof cover 63 after passing through the placement table 22, and at the same time, the pulled-out waste chips are scattered into the dust-proof cover 63, avoiding the irregular splashing of the chips out of the workpiece hole diameter and interfering with the electrical box, resulting in potential safety hazards.

[0061] Preferably, the dust-proof cover 63 further includes a first pipeline 651 and a second pipeline 652 communicating with the air blowing pipeline 65. The first pipeline 651 and the second pipeline 652 include an extension section and an outlet section. The extension section extends horizontally along the direction parallel to the inner wall of the dust-proof cover 63, and the outlet section extends along the direction facing the broach 38. The air flow of the air blowing pipeline 65 enters along the extension sections of the first pipeline 651 and the second pipeline 652 and blows out from the outlet section. For example, after the air blowing pipeline 65 enters the dust-proof cover 63, it branches out pipelines through a three-way adapter or by opening connection holes on the original pipeline, and is split into two first pipelines 651 and second pipelines 652 extending in different directions. The two conducting pipelines extend along the inner wall of the dust-proof cover 63 and the extension ends are both arranged opposite to the side of the tool body. The air blowing directions of the first pipeline 651 and the second pipeline 652 are arranged at an angle. Specifically, the air blowing directions of the first pipeline 651 and the second pipeline 652 can be arranged at an angle of 120° or 135°.

[0062] Among them, after the workpiece to be processed completes broaching at the processing position 24, it will return to the loading position 23 to wait for the replacement and assembly of the next workpiece to be processed. Before that, the cleaning assembly 6 further includes an inner hole cleaning mechanism arranged on the processing table 2, such as Figure 8 shown, the processing step further includes cleaning the processed hole after rotor broaching by driving the inner hole cleaning mechanism.

[0063] Preferably, the inner hole cleaning mechanism includes a brush 66 arranged below the loading position 23 and a third driving part 53 for driving the brush 66 to move axially. When the workpiece returns to the loading position 23, the moving stroke of the brush 66 correspondingly penetrates the processed hole of the workpiece.

[0064] There are multiple avoidance openings arranged on the processing table 2 along the direction of the feeding track 21, including at least a first avoidance opening 25 and a second avoidance opening 26. The first avoidance opening 25 is axially aligned with the processing position 24, and the second avoidance opening 26 is axially aligned with the loading position 23. In some embodiments, the first avoidance opening 25 is located on the axial movement stroke of the broaching tool, and the second avoidance opening 26 is located on the axial movement stroke of the brush 66. When the workpiece is at the processing position 24, the projection of the workpiece processing hole in the guiding direction correspondingly falls into the first avoidance opening 25, and the broaching tool can pass through the first avoidance opening 25 unidirectionally to broach the workpiece; when the workpiece is at the loading position 23, the projection of the workpiece processing hole in the guiding direction correspondingly falls into the second avoidance opening 26, and the brush can pass through the second avoidance opening 26 unidirectionally to clean the workpiece processing hole.

[0065] It can also be understood that the second avoidance opening 26 and the brush 66 are not limited to being arranged at the loading position 23, and can also be arranged at other positions perpendicular to the processing table 2 along the direction of the feeding track 21 for cleaning. In addition to the processing position 24, there can be multiple other cleanable positions. In some embodiments, the other cleaning positions are located between the loading position 23 and the processing position 24. After the workpiece leaves the processing position, it needs to be cleaned at the cleaning position first and then slide to the loading position 23 for workpiece replacement.

[0066] It can also be understood that the placing table 22 can place multiple workpieces to be processed for parallel processing simultaneously. Multiple support rails are arranged below the processing table, and the workpieces to be processed move on the center line between any two rails. Preferably, each group of workpieces to be processed can slide back and forth on the center line between two adjacent rails until they reach the specified position to perform corresponding processing, for example, replacing and cleaning the workpiece at the loading position 23 and performing finish broaching of the hole at the processing position 24.

[0067] Combined with Figures 6 - 8 the content, the broaching device 1 is also provided with a photoelectric sensing device 67 for detecting the position of the broaching tool, which respectively corresponds to identifying the processing position 24 and the loading position 23.

[0068] In one embodiment, a photoelectric emission device and a photoelectric receiving device are arranged in the dust cover 63 to detect the position of the broaching tool at the processing position 23. Among them, the connecting line between the emission device and the receiving device has an intersection with the axial movement direction of the broaching tool 38. When the broaching tool 38 moves to the intersection position, the opposed optical fiber is blocked by the broaching tool 38, and the position of the broaching tool 38 is identified through the signal change of the receiving device, and the feeding cylinder is correspondingly controlled to be relatively stationary to avoid the risk of shearing when the broaching tool 38 retracts or ejects.

[0069] In yet another embodiment, a photoelectric sensing device 67 for sensing the position of the brush 66 is also provided at the loading position 23. The transmitting device and the receiving device are respectively arranged on the guide shafts 43 on the left and right sides of the guiding assembly 4. The optical fiber is blocked by the brush 66 to control the reciprocating movement of the brush 66 to clean the aperture of the workpiece. It can also be understood that a magnetic sensing device can be used to replace the device for sensing the position of the brush 66.

[0070] Specifically, a third driving part 53 for driving the brush 66 and a fixing bracket for fixing the third driving part 53 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower end faces of the processing table 2. It can be understood that the third driving part 53 is a telescopic cylinder arranged in the axial direction of the brush 66. The transmitting end and the receiving end of the photoelectric sensing device 67 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bracket respectively. In some embodiments, the third driving part 53 is arranged below the processing table 2 to drive the brush 66 to move up and down, and other driving parts for pressing the workpiece are further arranged on the fixing bracket above it.

[0071] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 the content, the broaching tooling and the cleaning tooling on the upper and lower sides of the processing table 2 are fixedly assembled through the plate surface structure, and the broaching tooling and the cleaning tooling are driven to slide up and down along the guiding assembly 4 by driving the plate surface to complete the finish broaching. Among them, the guiding assembly 4 includes a main guiding shaft group 41 and a secondary guiding shaft group 42, and the main guiding shaft group 41 and the secondary guiding shaft group 42 are staggered to meet the requirements of the relative movement and simultaneous movement processing scenarios of the tooling parts.

[0072] Among them, on one side of the processing table 2, the tooling plate surface of the broaching device 1 respectively includes a support plate 45 fixedly integrated with the processing table 2, a driving plate 44 moving up and down relative to the support plate 45, and a first mounting plate 431 moving up and down relative to the driving plate 44, while on the other side of the processing table 2, a second mounting plate 432 following the driving plate 44 to move synchronously is further included.

[0073] In one embodiment, the main guiding shaft group 41 and the secondary guiding shaft group 42 are at least partially overlapped, and the first mounting plate 431 for fixing the clamping part 31 is simultaneously arranged to pass through the main guiding shaft group 41 and the secondary guiding shaft group 42 and slide up and down. Specifically, the end parts of the main guiding shaft group 41 are respectively fixed on the processing table 2 and the support plate 45. Between the processing table 2 and the support plate 45, a driving plate 44 and a first mounting plate 431 arranged on the main guiding shaft group 41 are further included; the end parts of the secondary guiding shaft group 42 are respectively fixed on the driving plate 44 and the second mounting plate 432. Between the driving plate 44 and the second mounting plate 432, a first mounting plate 431 and the processing table 2 arranged on the secondary guiding shaft group 42 are further included.

[0074] It can be understood that the reaming device 1 passes through the support plate 45, the drive plate 44, the first mounting plate 431, the processing table 2, and the second mounting plate 432 in sequence from top to bottom through the guiding component 4, and slides up and down along the main guiding shaft group 41 and the sub-guiding shaft group 42.

[0075] Preferably, the main and sub-guiding shafts of the guiding component 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the feeding track 21 to balance the forces on both sides of the processing table 2.

[0076] In an embodiment, the main guiding shaft group 41 is composed of 4 mutually parallel main guiding shafts, and the sub-guiding shaft group 41 is composed of 4 mutually parallel sub-guiding shafts, which are evenly arranged on both sides of the feeding track 21 respectively. Among them, 2 sub-guiding shafts on the same side are located between 2 main guiding shafts, and the guiding shafts on the opposite sides are symmetrically distributed around the midline of the processing table 2.

[0077] It can be understood that the broaching processing position 24 on the processing table 2 is located within the plane area enclosed by the main and sub-guiding shafts.

[0078] In addition, the driving component 5 on the reaming device 1 includes a first driving part 51 and a second driving part 52. The first driving part 51 includes a drive plate 44 and a support plate 45. The drive plate 44 is located on the side of the clamping part 31 away from the broaching part 32, and the support plate 45 is located on the side of the drive plate 44 away from the clamping part 31; one end of the main guiding shaft group 41 is fixedly connected to the support plate 44, and the other end is fixedly connected to the processing table 2. One end of the sub-guiding shaft group 42 is fixedly connected to the drive plate 44, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 432.

[0079] Preferably, the first driving part 51 adopts a direct-connected electric cylinder, and the second driving part 52 adopts a pen-shaped air cylinder. The output shaft of the first driving part 51 is connected to the drive plate 44, and the output shaft of the second driving part 52 is connected to the first mounting plate 431. The end of the electric cylinder shaft of the first driving part 51 abuts and is fixed to the upper end surface of the drive plate 44, and the end of the shaft cylinder of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the support plate 45. Since the position of the support plate 45 is fixed relative to the processing table 2, the telescopic direction of the electric cylinder shaft is the same as the degree-of-freedom direction in which the drive plate 44 can move. Therefore, the drive plate 44 can be directly driven to slide up and down along the main guiding shaft group 41 by the telescopic movement of the electric cylinder shaft; the shaft cylinder of the second driving part 52 is fixedly arranged on the drive plate 44, and the output end of the air cylinder shaft is directly connected to the first mounting plate 431. Therefore, the first mounting plate 431 can be further driven to slide up and down relative to the drive plate 44 along the guiding component 4 by the telescopic movement of the air cylinder shaft of the pen-shaped air cylinder.

[0080] In one embodiment, the first driving part 51 also includes a first mounting body 511 and a first driving shaft 512, the output end of the first driving shaft 512 is fixedly connected to the driving plate 44, and the first mounting body 511 is fixedly set on the support plate 45; the second driving part 52 includes a second mounting body 521 and a second driving shaft 522, the output end of the second driving shaft 522 is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 431, and the second mounting body 521 is fixedly set on the driving plate 44.

[0081] It can be understood that when the second driving part 52 is not in motion, the driving plate 44 and the first mounting plate 431 and the second mounting plate 432 are relatively stationary, and the three can be synchronously slid up and down relative to the processing table 2 along the main guide shaft group 41 through the power of the first driving part 51; and when the first driving part 51 is not in motion, the driving plate 44 and the second mounting plate 432 are relatively stationary with respect to the processing table 2, and the first mounting part 431 can be slid up and down relative to the processing table 2 through the power of the second driving part 52.

[0082] Preferably, the first driving part 51 and the second driving part 52 can be arranged at the center of the guide assembly 4, or symmetrically distributed around the center of gravity of the guide assembly 4. For example, the electric cylinder shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the driving plate 44, and two pen-shaped cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the electric cylinder shaft.

[0083] The driving plate 44 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 432. When driven by an electric cylinder, the output is stable and the movement speed is adjustable, which can further ensure the broaching accuracy and cutting efficiency. The first mounting plate 431 is responsible for transmitting the broach and is subjected to less force, but has higher requirements on the coaxiality of the broach. The symmetrical distribution can greatly balance the uniformity of the force on the plate surface and ensure the centering requirements of the clamping part 31.

[0084] Specifically, the guide assembly 4 includes a plurality of guide shafts 43 , and the guide shafts 43 constituting the main guide shaft group 41 and the auxiliary guide shaft group 42 are all along the same direction.

[0085] Furthermore, a limiting device 46 is also provided on the guide shaft 43, and the projection of the limiting device 46 along the axial direction at least partially overlaps with the first mounting plate 431 or the second mounting plate 432, which can not only limit the plate driving stroke in time to ensure the consistency of each stroke, but also can match the stroke according to the length of the broach to avoid the risk of broach interference and breakage. In addition, the limiting support can also provide blocking in the emergency of equipment collapse, preventing the overall structure from violently impacting and damaging the workpiece, mold and other structures, and avoiding safety hazards as much as possible.

[0086] The limiting device 46 includes a limiting ring arranged on the guiding shaft 43, and the limiting ring is fixedly locked in the circumferential direction of the guiding shaft 43. In some embodiments, a plurality of limiting rings are provided, which are respectively sleeved on each guiding shaft 43 of the guiding assembly 4, and the limiting rings are located in the same plane axially and act together to form a limiting end face.

[0087] It can be understood that the vertical projection of the limiting ring and the slidable sliding plate in the axial direction can at least partially overlap. Therefore, when the sliding plate passes through the limiting ring, a position interference will inevitably be formed, and the sliding plate is axially limited by blocking through the limiting ring.

[0088] Preferably, the limiting ring is fixedly arranged on the secondary guiding shaft group 42 and is located between the first mounting plate 431 and the processing table 2.

[0089] In another embodiment, the limiting device 46 further includes limiting posts separately arranged on the processing table 2 and the adjacent sliding plate. Specifically, the limiting device 46 includes an upper limiting post and a lower limiting post. The upper limiting post and the lower limiting post are arranged in the same axial direction and are respectively fixed on the lower end face of the first mounting plate 431 and the upper end face of the processing table 2. The upper limiting post can move up and down with the first mounting plate 431. The distance between the upper limiting post and the lower limiting post is less than the distance from the clamping portion 31 to the workpiece. When an emergency such as weightlessness or falling off of the sliding plate occurs, the upper limiting post and the lower limiting post can abut and support each other axially to prevent the entire first mounting plate 431 from colliding with the processing table 2 and damaging the equipment.

[0090] Combined with Figure 9 According to the structural schematic diagram of the waste chip collection tooling shown in the content, the broaching machine further includes a machine cover 62 covering the outside of the broaching device 1, and a machine frame 61 for supporting the processing table 2 and the guiding assembly 4 is arranged below the machine cover 62. Among them, a waste chip collection mechanism located below the broaching assembly 3 is further arranged inside the machine frame 61, and the vertical projection of the broaching assembly 3 along the guiding direction falls into the chip collection box 64 of the waste chip collection mechanism.

[0091] In one embodiment, the waste chip collection mechanism is a chip collection box 64 arranged below the broaching assembly 3, and the cutting scraps of the broaching assembly 3 directly fall into the chip collection box 64. Specifically, an opening is provided at the top of the chip collection box 64, and the opening corresponds to and communicates with the dust-proof cover 63 above; the bottom is funnel-shaped and at least partially shrinks inward, and a chip extraction channel for communicating with an external dust suction device is provided on the bottom wall.

[0092] It can be understood that the waste chips are collected by the waste chip collection funnel mechanism and then sucked away by the vacuum cleaner. Only the inner tank of the dust suction device needs to be cleaned regularly, which greatly improves the cleaning portability of the equipment and maintains a good processing environment inside.

[0093] In addition, for the convenience of internal debugging of the broaching device 1, an openable sealing door is provided on the side of the chip collecting box 64. The sealing door is in a closed state during the working state and can be covered on the side wall of the chip collecting box 64 through an adjustable locking structure; while in the non-working state, the broaching device 1 can be at least partially opened by adjusting the locking structure.

[0094] The present application also provides a control method for a broaching device, providing a broach adapted to the above-mentioned broaching device 1. The broach includes a first end and a second end. The control method includes:

[0095] Fixing the first end of the broach through the clamping part, and driving the clamping part to drive the second end of the broach to penetrate through the workpiece hole;

[0096] Replacing the clamping part with the broaching part, fixing the second end of the broach, and continuing to drive the broaching part to drive the first end of the broach to penetrate through the workpiece hole.

[0097] The present application can maintain the consistency of the cutting direction through the broaching device, so that the smoothness of the cutting surface can be significantly improved, which can not only improve the processing efficiency, but also make the processed end face of the workpiece more beautiful and reduce burrs.

[0098] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Although the present specification has described the present invention in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that those skilled in the art can still modify or equivalently replace the present invention, and all technical solutions and improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hole drawing device, characterized in that: It includes a carrier, a broaching assembly, a driving assembly and a guiding assembly, the broaching assembly includes a broach, a clamping portion and a broaching portion, the clamping portion and the broaching portion are coaxially arranged, the clamping portion and the broaching portion can clamp the broach, and along the vertical direction, the clamping portion and the broaching portion are located on both sides of the carrier, the driving assembly at least drives the clamping portion to move close to the carrier, and the driving assembly at least drives the broaching portion away from the clamping portion, so that the broach and the clamping portion are separated.

2. The hole pulling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The broaching assembly includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, the clamping portion is fixed to the first mounting plate, the broaching portion is fixed to the second mounting plate, the driving assembly includes a first driving portion and a second driving portion, the first driving portion at least drives the second driving portion to approach the carrier, the second driving portion at least drives the first mounting plate to approach the carrier, and the first driving portion also drives the broaching portion away from the carrier.

3. The hole drawing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting member includes a processing table, the hole pulling device includes a guide assembly, the guide assembly includes a main guide shaft group and a secondary guide shaft group, the main guide shaft group is at least fixedly connected to the processing table, the secondary guide shaft group is penetrated through the processing table and the first mounting plate, the secondary guide shaft group is at least fixedly connected to the second mounting plate, and the first driving part drives the secondary guide shaft group to move in an axial direction relative to the main guide shaft group.

4. The hole pulling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide assembly includes multiple guide shafts, and the guide shafts constituting the main guide shaft group and the auxiliary guide shaft group are all in the same direction; a limiting device is provided on the guide shaft, and the projection of the limiting device along the axial direction at least partially overlaps with the first mounting plate or the second mounting plate.

5. The hole drawing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first driving part includes a driving plate and a supporting plate, the driving plate is located on a side of the clamping part away from the broaching part, and the supporting plate is located on a side of the driving plate away from the clamping part; one end of the main guide shaft group is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the processing table; one end of the auxiliary guide shaft group is fixedly connected to the driving plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate.

6. The hole drawing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first driving part also includes a first mounting body and a first driving shaft, the output end of the first driving shaft is fixedly connected to the driving plate, and the first mounting body is fixedly set on the support plate; the second driving part includes a second mounting body and a second driving shaft, the output end of the second driving shaft is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate, and the second mounting body is fixedly set on the driving plate.

7. The hole drawing device according to claims 1-6, characterized in that: The clamping portion includes a first clamping device for clamping the end of the broach, and the broaching portion includes a second clamping device for clamping the other end of the broach. The first clamping device is provided with a first guide sleeve, and the second clamping device is provided with a second guide sleeve. The openings of the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve are coaxially arranged.

8. The hole drawing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first clamping device and the second clamping device are respectively provided with a clamping arm and a fourth driving part, and at least three clamping arms are provided. The fourth driving part simultaneously drives the clamping arms to clamp or release the broach in the radial direction.

9. The hole drawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing table surface at least includes an escape opening that is arranged along the extension direction of the broach, and at least the projections of the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve in the extension direction fall into the escape opening.

10. A control method for a hole drawing device, characterized in that: The hole-pulling device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the broach comprises a first end and a second end, and the control method comprises: The first end of the broach is fixed by the clamping portion, and the clamping portion drives the broach to move toward one side of the workpiece until the second end of the broach passes through the prefabricated hole of the workpiece; The broaching portion fixes the second end of the broach, and the clamping portion releases the first end of the broach. The broaching portion drives the broach to move away from the workpiece until the first end of the broach passes through the workpiece hole.

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