Testing device and testing method for thermal insulation and heat storage performance of textile

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile testing, and particularly relates to a textile heat preservation and storage performance testing device and method. The testing device comprises a shell, a human skin simulation mechanism, a high and low temperature generation mechanism and a control module. The shell is provided with a test cavity used for supporting, protecting and isolating heat transfer. The human skin simulation mechanism is used for simulating human skin and obtaining the surface temperature value of the human skin simulation mechanism. The high and low temperature generating mechanism comprises an upper insulating plate and a lower insulating plate; a temperature detector and a high and low temperature generator used for heating and refrigerating are arranged between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate. The control module is arranged in the shell and used for controlling and monitoring the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism and the high and low temperature generation mechanism in real time. The invention aims to solve the problems of single test item, incapability of testing by taking a human body as a protection target, tedious test process and high cost of the current textile warm-keeping test method and device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of textile testing, and particularly relates to a textile heat preservation and heat storage performance testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] The heat preservation (thermal resistance value) and heat storage (specific heat capacity) performance of textiles are one of the most basic parameter indicators of textiles. People need to wear textiles such as clothing, shoes, hats, and gloves to store heat and keep warm for the human body to prevent high and low temperatures from causing harm to people in natural environments such as high temperature, low temperature, and sun exposure, or in working environments such as metallurgy, refrigeration, and heating. Therefore, it is of great significance and broad market prospects to test the heat preservation and heat storage performance of various textiles to determine their ability to protect people from high and low temperature injuries.

[0003] The evaluation and testing of the heat preservation and heat storage performance of textiles are the basis for textile development and design. Currently, the commonly used evaluation and testing methods mainly include: (1) Constant temperature method: Place the textile on one end face of a constant temperature hot plate, and adiabatic protection materials are provided on other faces of the constant temperature hot plate; after heating the constant temperature hot plate to a certain temperature, measure the heat required to maintain this temperature per unit time of the constant temperature hot plate, and calculate data such as the heat transfer coefficient, thermal resistance value, and heat preservation rate of the textile from this. These data can be used to evaluate the heat preservation performance of the textile. (2) Cooling rate method: Wrap the textile material on one side of the heat body or wrap the entire heat body, heat the wrapped heat body to a certain temperature, and then let it cool naturally. Measure the time required for the heat body to cool to a certain temperature, or measure the temperature decrease value of the heat body within a certain time, and use the cooling rate to represent the heat storage performance of the textile. (3) Microclimate meter method: Japanese scholar Kawabata designed and produced the THERMOLABO type heat and moisture transfer measurement device for textiles; the Quartermaster Research Institute of the former General Logistics Department developed a microclimate tester based on the theory of the microclimate inside the clothing, both of which belong to this type of textile heat storage and heat preservation testing instrument. (4) Warm manikin method: The GB / T38426 standard stipulates the use of a warm manikin to test the thermal resistance and heat preservation of sleeping bags; this method and testing device must be used in conjunction with an environmental climate chamber, and can test the heat preservation performance of clothing and sleeping bags under different environmental climates; it is a testing method that can comprehensively evaluate the comfort of clothing and sleeping bags. (5) Hot plate contact heat insulation method: Place the textile on the surface of a heated hot plate, and after a certain period of time, measure the temperature on the other side of the textile, which can be used to evaluate the heat storage performance of the textile.

[0004] Currently, all existing testing devices adopt the above-mentioned or similar testing methods, but there are still some problems with these methods and testing devices. For example, the constant temperature method, the cooling rate method, the microclimate meter method, the hot plate contact heat insulation method, and the testing devices using these methods all test the heat preservation performance of textiles against heat sources in high-temperature environments by heating heat sources. Since a low-temperature environment cannot be created and there is no human skin simulation device, the heat storage performance (i.e., the specific heat capacity of textiles) of textiles during the periodic change process of high-temperature and low-temperature environments cannot be tested, nor can the transient cold and hot body sensations when textiles come into contact with human skin be tested. However, what textiles actually protect is the human body, and the comprehensive test and evaluation of the temperature protection performance of textiles should be carried out with the human skin as the terminal protection target. In addition, the warm manikin method must be used in conjunction with an environmental climate chamber, with a cumbersome testing process, high costs, and it can only test the overall heat preservation performance of clothing or sleeping bags, unable to separately evaluate the heat preservation performance of textiles, nor can it separately test the heat storage performance of textiles when they come into contact with high or low temperature conditions. In summary, the current textile heat preservation testing methods and devices still have problems such as a single testing item, inability to test with the human body as the protection target, and a cumbersome and costly testing process.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a testing device that can simulate the contact of human skin with cold and heat sources under the protection of textiles, and can comprehensively evaluate and test the heat preservation, heat storage, and cold and hot body sensation performance of textiles; to solve the problems of the current textile heat preservation testing methods and devices, such as a single testing item, inability to test with the human body as the protection target, and a cumbersome and costly testing process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a testing device and method for the heat preservation and heat storage performance of textiles. By setting a human skin simulation mechanism and a high and low temperature generating mechanism in the testing device, it is possible to test the heat preservation performance of textiles, the heat storage performance of textiles during the periodic change process of high-temperature and low-temperature environments, and the transient cold and hot body sensations when textiles come into contact with human skin, and the operation is simple and the cost is low. Through the above test results, the present invention can comprehensively evaluate the heat preservation and heat storage performance of textiles, thereby solving the problems of the current textile heat preservation testing methods and devices, such as a single testing item, inability to test with the human body as the protection target, and a cumbersome and costly testing process. The specific content is as follows:

[0007] A testing device for the heat preservation and heat storage performance of textiles includes a housing, a human skin simulation mechanism, a high and low temperature generating mechanism, and a control module;

[0008] The housing has a testing cavity for supporting and protecting the human skin simulation mechanism, the high and low temperature generating mechanism, and the control module, and isolating the heat transfer between the external environment and the testing cavity;

[0009] The human skin simulation mechanism is arranged in the middle of the test cavity and includes a metal plate with a simulated skin layer attached to its outer surface, a temperature sensor arranged in the middle of the metal plate, and a heater arranged at one end of the metal plate; both the temperature sensor and the heater are electrically connected to the control module; the human skin simulation mechanism is used to simulate human skin and obtain the surface temperature value of the metal plate;

[0010] The high and low temperature generating mechanism is arranged in parallel below the human skin simulation mechanism and includes an upper insulating plate arranged at the upper end and a lower insulating plate arranged at the lower end; a temperature detector and a high and low temperature generator for heating and cooling are arranged between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate; both the temperature detector and the high and low temperature generator are electrically connected to the control module;

[0011] The control module is arranged in the shell and is isolated from the heat transfer of the test cavity by a partition, and is used to control and monitor the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism and the high and low temperature generating mechanism in real time.

[0012] Further, the metal plate includes an upper metal plate and a lower metal plate; there is a gap between the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, and the heater is installed in the gap; the simulated skin layer is attached to both the upper end surface of the upper metal plate and the lower end surface of the lower metal plate.

[0013] Further, through holes with the same number are arranged at the corresponding positions of the centers of the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate; the temperature sensors are embedded and installed in the through holes.

[0014] Further, the upper insulating plate is a double-layer structure of upper and lower layers, and there is a gap between the upper and lower layers; the temperature detector is fixed in the gap and arranged at the center position of the upper insulating plate; a metal layer is also attached to the lower end surface of the upper insulating plate; the lower insulating plate has the same structure as the upper insulating plate and is arranged below the upper insulating plate in a mirror symmetry with the upper insulating plate.

[0015] Further, a number of first metal sheets arranged horizontally are arranged on the metal layer surface of the upper insulating plate; a number of second metal sheets arranged horizontally are arranged on the metal layer surface of the lower insulating plate; the high and low temperature generator is installed between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate, and the upper end and the lower end are correspondingly connected to the first metal sheet and the second metal sheet; the high and low temperature generator is electrically connected to the control module and is used to make the upper insulating plate or the lower insulating plate reach a temperature of -40°C to 100°C.

[0016] Further, a radiator is arranged below the lower insulating plate.

[0017] Further, the testing device further includes a lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged in the testing cavity and fixed on the upper end surface of the partition board, and includes a driving part and a transmission part; the driving part is electrically connected to the control module and drives the transmission part to move up and down; the transmission part is fixedly connected to the human skin simulation mechanism and drives the human skin simulation mechanism to move up and down.

[0018] Further, the testing device further includes an environmental temperature detector; the environmental temperature detector is arranged in the testing cavity and above the human skin simulation mechanism, and is electrically connected to the control module for testing the environmental temperature inside the testing cavity.

[0019] A testing method for the heat preservation and heat storage performance of textiles, the testing method includes:

[0020] S1, set the temperature T0 of the upper insulating board through the control module, and the temperature setting range is -40°C to 0°C;

[0021] S2, set the human skin simulation mechanism to enter the normal body temperature mode through the control module, so that its surface temperature remains at 36°C ± 0.1°C;

[0022] S3, select a sample of the tested textile with the same plane size as the upper insulating board and a mass of m, and place the sample in a normal temperature environment for humidity conditioning balance;

[0023] S4, place the sample on the upper end surface of the upper insulating board and align the edges; control the lifting mechanism through the control module to adjust the height of the human skin simulation mechanism, compress the sample, and obtain the thickness h of the compressed sample, and calculate the density ρ of the compressed sample;

[0024] S5, set the human skin simulation mechanism to enter the sleeping body temperature mode through the control module, simulating the state where the heat generated by the human body is less than the heat dissipated;

[0025] S6, start the test and timekeeping, set the start time as t0; obtain the surface temperature T of the human skin simulation mechanism in real time through the temperature sensor; generate a curve of time t and temperature T through the control module, and record the time t when the temperature reaches T = 35°C ± 0.1°C 35℃ and the time t when T = 30°C ± 0.1°C 30℃ ;

[0026] S7, set the human skin simulation mechanism to enter the normal body temperature mode through the control module, so that its surface temperature remains at 36°C ± 0.1°C, simulating the normal body temperature of the human body;

[0027] S8. Record the current I and heating time t passing through the heater during the process of the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism changing from 30 °C to 36 °C through the control module, and calculate the heating power Q per unit time. 30～36℃ , and calculate the heating power Q per unit time.

[0028] S9. Obtain the heat preservation time of the sample in the state of compression density ρ:

[0029] t = t 35℃ - t0;

[0030] The temperature loss rate of the sample in the state of compression density ρ:

[0031] v t = (36 - 30) / (t 30 - t θ );

[0032] The thermal resistance value of the sample in the state of compression density ρ and under the condition of temperature T0:

[0033]

[0034] The specific heat capacity of the sample in the state of compression density ρ and under the condition of temperature T0:

[0035]

[0036] S10. Comprehensively evaluate the heat preservation performance of the textile by using the heat preservation time, temperature loss rate and thermal resistance value to obtain the test result of the heat preservation performance of the textile; comprehensively evaluate the heat storage performance of the textile by using the heat preservation time, temperature loss rate and specific heat capacity to obtain the test result of the heat storage performance of the textile.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting up a human skin simulation mechanism, the temperature change of the human skin can be simulated, providing data support for the test of the heat preservation and heat storage performance of textiles; by setting up a high and low temperature generating mechanism, the high temperature, low temperature states of the external environment and the process of conversion between high temperature and low temperature can be realized. Combining with the human skin simulation mechanism, the heat preservation performance of textiles, the heat storage performance of textiles during the periodic change process of high temperature and low temperature environments, and the transient cold and heat sensory feelings when the textile contacts the human skin can be tested; by setting up a lifting mechanism, the textile can be compressed to realize the test of the heat preservation and heat storage performance of textiles under different densities. The present invention has multiple test functions, is simple to operate and has low cost, and can solve the problems of single test items, inability to test with the human body as the protection target and cumbersome test process and high cost existing in the current textile heat preservation test methods and devices. Description of the Drawings

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the textile heat preservation and heat storage performance testing device;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the human skin simulation structure;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high and low temperature generating mechanism;

[0042] In the figure: 1. housing; 101. partition board; 2. human skin simulation mechanism; 201. simulated skin layer; 202. upper metal plate; 203. lower metal plate; 204. temperature sensor; 205. heater; 3. high and low temperature generating mechanism; 301. upper insulating board; 302. lower insulating board; 303. temperature detector; 304. high and low temperature generator; 305. metal layer; 306. first metal sheet; 307. second metal sheet; 4. control module; 5. radiator; 6. fan; 7. lifting mechanism; 701. driving part; 702. lead screw; 703. nut; 704. sliding sleeve; 705. sliding rod; 8. ambient temperature detector. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to", "placed with", "provided with", "equipped with", "set on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0046] It should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "attachment" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , so as to better understand the specific structure of the present invention. A textile heat preservation and heat storage performance testing device, as Figure 1 shown, includes a housing 1, a human skin simulation mechanism 2, a high and low temperature generating mechanism 3, and a control module 4.

[0048] The housing 1 has a test cavity for supporting and protecting the human skin simulation mechanism 2, the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3, and the control module 4, and isolating the heat transfer between the external environment and the test cavity.

[0049] The human skin simulation mechanism 2 is arranged in the middle of the test cavity, including a metal plate with a simulated skin layer 201 attached to its outer surface, a temperature sensor 204 arranged in the middle of the metal plate, and a heater 205 arranged at one end of the metal plate; both the temperature sensor 204 and the heater 205 are electrically connected to the control module 4; the human skin simulation mechanism 2 is used to simulate human skin and obtain the surface temperature value of the metal plate.

[0050] The high and low temperature generating mechanism 3 is arranged in parallel below the human skin simulation mechanism 2, including an upper insulating plate 301 arranged at the upper end and a lower insulating plate 302 arranged at the lower end; a temperature detector 303 and a high and low temperature generator 304 for heating and cooling are arranged between the upper insulating plate 301 and the lower insulating plate 302; both the temperature detector 303 and the high and low temperature generator 304 are electrically connected to the control module 4.

[0051] The control module 4 is arranged in the housing 1 and isolates the heat transfer with the test cavity through a partition 101, and is used to control and monitor the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 and the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3 in real time.

[0052] It should be noted that the housing 1 preferably adopts a structure with a metal outer shell, plexiglass, and polyimide foam material from the outside to the inside, which can have better heat transfer isolation ability. The three materials can be fixed and formed by pressing or bonding; the housing 1 includes upper and lower parts. The upper part is the test cavity, which houses the human skin simulation mechanism 2 and the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3. The lower part houses the control module 4. The upper and lower parts are separated by a partition 101 to isolate the heat transfer between the two parts.

[0053] It should be noted that the simulated skin is preferably a film made of heat-conducting silicone material in the prior art, and the silicone layer is attached to the surface of the metal plate through an adhesive;

[0054] It should be noted that the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3 is preferably fixed on the partition 101 by screws or welding; the control module 4 is preferably fixed on the bottom plate of the lower part by screws or welding; and all the components connected to the control module 4 inside the upper part are connected through cables and merged into a wire harness, which passes through the through hole of the partition 101 and is connected to the control module 4. The gap between the through hole of the partition 101 and the wire harness is filled with heat-insulating glue.

[0055] It should be noted that the control module 4 is preferably a PLC (PLC is the English abbreviation of Programmable Logic Controller, that is, a programmable logic controller), or can also be a circuit including at least one processor, or can also be a circuit including at least one single-chip microcomputer, or can also be a combined form of multiple circuits or chips, as long as the corresponding functions can be realized; it can be understood that for those skilled in the art, the control circuit can also be a common circuit composed of an amplifier, a comparator, a triode, a MOS tube, etc. to realize the corresponding functions in a pure hardware manner.

[0056] In a specific implementation, the housing 1 provides a test space for isolating heat conduction during the test; the human skin simulation mechanism 2 can simulate the temperature of the human skin and measure the surface temperature change, providing a data basis for the test; the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3 can generate high and low temperatures to simulate the ambient temperature, providing a cold source and a heat source for the test process. Through the above components, the heat preservation performance of textiles, the heat storage performance of textiles during the periodic change process of high and low temperature environments, and the transient cold and heat body sensations when textiles are in contact with human skin can be tested. It has multiple test functions, is easy to operate, and has low cost, and can solve the problems of single test items, inability to test with the human body as the protection target, and cumbersome test process and high cost existing in the current textile warmth test methods and devices.

[0057] According to the implementation manner provided by the present invention, as Figure 2As shown, the metal plate includes an upper metal plate 202 and a lower metal plate 203; there is a gap between the upper metal plate 202 and the lower metal plate 203, and the heater 205 is installed in the gap; the simulation skin layer 201 is attached to both the upper end face of the upper metal plate 202 and the lower end face of the lower metal plate 203.

[0058] It should be noted that the upper and lower metal plates 203 are preferably made of copper material with good thermal conductivity; the length, width, and height dimensions of the upper and lower metal plates 203 are preferably: 300mm×300mm×15mm, and the two can be fixed by welding or screwing around; the heater 205 is preferably a carbon fiber non-woven composite heating film with a power of 100W and thermal conductive silicone attached to both sides in the prior art, and the heater 205 can be attached to the opposite surfaces of the upper and lower metal plates 203 through the thermal conductive silicone.

[0059] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, through holes with the same quantity are provided at the corresponding positions in the centers of the upper metal plate 202 and the lower metal plate 203; the temperature sensors 204 are embedded and installed in the through holes.

[0060] It should be noted that the temperature sensors 204 are preferably discrete negative temperature coefficient thermistor sensors in the prior art; preferably 4 temperature sensors 204 are placed in the four through holes of the upper and lower metal plates 203, and the through holes are welded and sealed with silver.

[0061] It should be noted that the surface temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 is adjusted by controlling the heater 205 through the control module 4, and preferably there are two gears, namely the sleep body temperature gear and the normal body temperature gear; the sleep body temperature gear is usually 30°C ± 0.1°C. The surface temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 is collected by the temperature sensors 204 and transmitted to the control module 4. The control module 4 judges whether the current temperature is 30°C. If it exceeds or is lower than a certain threshold, the heater 205 is controlled to disconnect or connect the heating power supply to keep the surface temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 at 30°C and maintain dynamic balance; the normal body temperature gear is usually 36°C, and the regulation process is the same as that of the sleep body temperature gear.

[0062] In specific implementation, using copper material for the metal plate can better conduct heat; the thermal conductive silica gel is a silica gel made by mixing and kneading organic silica gel as the main body, adding fillers, thermal conductive materials and other polymer materials, and has good thermal conductivity and electrical insulation properties. When used on the surface of the human skin simulation mechanism 2, it can better simulate the temperature of the human skin; the carbon fiber non-woven fabric composite heating film has the characteristics of high thermal efficiency, rapid heating, surface heating, fast and uniform heat transfer, etc. When applied to the heater 205 of the human skin simulation mechanism 2, an ideal temperature can be obtained quickly and stably; the negative temperature coefficient thermistor sensor is a sensor resistor whose resistance value decreases as the temperature increases. It is widely used in the temperature sensor 204. Four negative temperature coefficient thermistor sensors are installed in the upper and lower metal plates 203 of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 to collect the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 simultaneously and transmit it to the control module 4 for calculating the average value, which can more truly reflect the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism 2.

[0063] According to the implementation manner provided by the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the upper insulating plate 301 has a double-layer structure of upper and lower layers, and there is a gap between the upper layer and the lower layer; the temperature detector 303 is fixed in the gap and arranged at the central position of the upper insulating plate 301; a metal layer 305 is also attached to the lower end surface of the upper insulating plate 301; the lower insulating plate 302 has the same structure as the upper insulating plate 301 and is arranged below the upper insulating plate 301 in a mirror symmetry with the upper insulating plate 301.

[0064] It should be noted that both the upper and lower insulating plates 302 are formed by stacking and bonding two pieces of aluminum nitride ceramic materials with a thickness of 0.3 mm (prior art) to form a double-layer structure; the outer dimensions of the upper and lower insulating plates 302 in length and width are both: 300 mm × 300 mm; the thickness of the metal layer 305 of each of the upper and lower insulating plates 302 is preferably 0.1 mm, and copper material is used and adhered to the corresponding positions of the upper and lower insulating plates 302 through thermal conductive silica gel.

[0065] It should be noted that the temperature detectors 303 of the upper and lower insulating plates 302 preferably adopt the temperature detectors 303 in the form of platinum resistors in the prior art, and the temperature detectors 303 are fixed by pouring thermal conductive silica gel into the respective gaps of the upper and lower insulating plates 302.

[0066] It should be noted that as Figure 3 shown, the four sides of the upper and lower insulating plates 302 of the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3 are supported and sealed by heat insulation plates, and the heat insulation plates are fixed to the upper end of the partition plate 101 by screws, so that heat transfer between the lower insulating plate 302 of the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3 and the test cavity is isolated.

[0067] In one implementation manner, as Figure 3As shown, a plurality of first metal sheets 306 arranged horizontally are provided on the surface of the metal layer 305 of the upper insulating plate 301; a plurality of second metal sheets 307 arranged horizontally are provided on the surface of the metal layer 305 of the lower insulating plate 302; the high and low temperature generator 304 is installed between the upper insulating plate 301 and the lower insulating plate 302, and the upper end and the lower end are correspondingly connected to the first metal sheet 306 and the second metal sheet 307; the high and low temperature generator 304 is electrically connected to the control module 4 and is used to make the temperature of the upper insulating plate 301 or the lower insulating plate 302 reach -40°C to 100°C.

[0068] It should be noted that both the first metal sheet 306 and the second metal sheet 307 are made of copper material and are fixed in the corresponding positions by welding.

[0069] It should be noted that as Figure 3 shown, the high and low temperature generator 304 adopts the form of N-type + P-type semiconductor thermocouples in the prior art, and preferably 512 groups of semiconductor thermocouples are connected in series; each group of semiconductor thermocouples includes an N-type semiconductor and a P-type semiconductor; the upper ends of the N-type semiconductor and the P-type semiconductor of each group of semiconductor thermocouples are connected by the first metal sheet 306; the lower end of the N-type semiconductor of each group of semiconductor thermocouples is connected to the lower end of the P-type semiconductor of the adjacent group of semiconductor thermocouples on one side by the second metal sheet 307; the lower end of the P-type semiconductor of each group is connected to the lower end of the N-type semiconductor of the adjacent group of semiconductor thermocouples on the other side by the second metal sheet 307; the above-mentioned semiconductors and metal sheets are fixedly connected by welding; the second metal sheets 307 connected to the first and last semiconductor thermocouple groups are respectively electrically connected to the control module 4 to form a loop; the control module 4 can control the direction and magnitude of the direct current flowing through the high and low temperature generator 304, so that the temperature of the upper insulating plate 301 changes between -40°C and 100°C; for example, when the temperature of the upper insulating plate 301 needs to be set to -40°C, the control module 4 connects the second metal sheet 307 connected to the P-type semiconductor of the first-end semiconductor thermocouple to the negative electrode, and connects the second metal sheet 307 connected to the N-type semiconductor of the last-end semiconductor thermocouple to the positive electrode; according to the characteristics of the semiconductor thermocouple, at this time, the upper insulating plate 301 is in a heat dissipation state and the temperature decreases, and the lower insulating plate 302 is in an endothermic state and the temperature rises; the control module 4 collects the temperature value of the high and low temperature generator 304 in real time through the temperature detector 303, and compares the collected temperature with the set temperature. When the temperature is higher or lower than the set temperature by a threshold value, the temperature of the upper insulating plate 301 is adjusted by controlling the magnitude of the current, and the temperature is maintained at a dynamic balance of -40°C; if the temperature of the upper insulating plate 301 needs to be set to 38°C, the control module 4 switches the current flow direction, so that the upper insulating plate 301 is in an endothermic state and the temperature rises, and the regulation is carried out according to the above process.

[0070] In specific implementation, the principle of the N-type + P-type semiconductor thermocouple high and low temperature generator 304 is as follows: When a piece of N-type semiconductor material and a piece of P-type semiconductor material are connected to form a thermocouple pair, after direct current is connected in this circuit, energy transfer can occur. The joint where the current flows from the N-type element to the P-type element absorbs heat and becomes the cold end, and the joint where the current flows from the P-type element to the N-type element releases heat and becomes the hot end. The semiconductor electrothermal couple high and low temperature generator 304 has the advantages of being fast, efficient, and noiseless. Moreover, due to its small size, the semiconductor electrothermal couple high and low temperature generator 304 can be conveniently installed in various devices. A platinum resistor is a thermal resistance element, and its resistance value will change regularly with the change of temperature. The platinum resistance temperature detector 303 has high sensitivity and good stability by utilizing this characteristic of the platinum resistor and is widely used in various detection devices.

[0071] According to the implementation manner provided by the present invention, a radiator 5 is arranged below the lower insulating plate 302.

[0072] It should be noted that the radiator 5 is preferably a finned radiator 5, which is fixed to the lower end surface of the lower insulating plate 302 by screws, and a fan 6 is embedded in the side wall of the lower housing 1 of the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3 by opening a hole, so as to discharge the heat to the outside.

[0073] In one implementation manner, as Figure 1 shown, the test device further includes a lifting mechanism 7; the lifting mechanism 7 is arranged in the test cavity and fixed to the upper end surface of the partition plate 101, and includes a driving part 701 and a transmission part; the driving part 701 is electrically connected to the control module 4 and drives the transmission part to move up and down; the transmission part is fixedly connected to the human skin simulation mechanism 2 and drives the human skin simulation mechanism 2 to move up and down.

[0074] It should be noted that the driving part 701 is preferably in the form of a linear motor, and the stepping motor is fixed to the partition plate 101 by screws, and the operation of the driving part 701 is controlled by the control module 4; the transmission part is preferably a lead screw 702 - nut 703 transmission mechanism; the power output end of the driving part 701 (i.e., the output shaft of the stepping motor) drives the lead screw 702 of the transmission part to rotate, and then drives the nut 703 cooperating with the lead screw 702 to move up and down; the nut 703 is fixedly connected to one end of the human skin simulation mechanism 2, and specifically can be fixed by the way of screwing to one side of the metal plate. The nut 703 moves up and down to drive the human skin simulation mechanism 2 to move up and down; the other end of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 is fixed with a sliding sleeve 704 by screws, and the sliding sleeve 704 is sleeved on the vertical sliding rod 705; the sliding rod 705 plays a role of up and down guiding, and its lower end is fixed to the partition plate 101 by screws.

[0075] In specific implementation, a lifting mechanism 7 is provided in the testing device and can be adjusted through the control module 4. During testing, the textile sample is placed on the upper end surface of the high and low temperature generating mechanism 3. The height of the upper human skin simulation mechanism 2 can be adjusted to compress the textile sample, thereby changing the density of the textile sample, and then the heat preservation and heat storage performance of the textile at different densities can be tested. For example, when using a sleeping bag, the sleeping bag is laid on the ground. After a person enters the sleeping bag, the lower layer of the sleeping bag will be compressed. At this time, it is necessary to test the heat preservation and heat storage performance of the compressed sleeping bag (for the same textile under different pressures, due to the change in density, its heat preservation and heat storage performance will change). Through the above-mentioned lifting mechanism 7, the heat preservation and heat storage performance of the textile sample under different pressures can be tested.

[0076] In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the testing device further includes an environmental temperature detector 8. The environmental temperature detector 8 is arranged in the testing cavity, above the human skin simulation mechanism 2, and is electrically connected to the control module 4 for testing the environmental temperature inside the testing cavity.

[0077] It should be noted that the environmental temperature detector 8 preferably adopts a negative temperature coefficient thermistor temperature sensor 204 in the prior art. The environmental temperature detector 8 can be fixed above the human skin simulation mechanism 2 by installing a bracket on the housing 1 and fixing the environmental temperature detector 8 on the bracket.

[0078] In specific implementation, the environmental temperature detector 8 is used to detect the environmental temperature of the testing cavity, providing an environmental temperature reference for the testing work.

[0079] A method for testing the heat preservation and heat storage performance of textiles, the testing method includes:

[0080] S1, setting the temperature T0 of the upper insulating plate 301 through the control module 4, and the temperature setting range is -40°C to 0°C;

[0081] S2, setting the human skin simulation mechanism 2 to enter the normal body temperature mode through the control module 4, so that its surface temperature remains at 36°C ± 0.1°C;

[0082] S3, selecting a sample of the textile to be tested with the same planar size as the upper insulating plate 301 and a mass of m, and placing the sample in a normal temperature environment for humidity adjustment and balance;

[0083] S4, placing the sample on the upper end surface of the upper insulating plate 301 and aligning the edges; controlling the lifting mechanism 7 through the control module 4 to adjust the height of the human skin simulation mechanism 2, compressing the sample, and obtaining the thickness h of the compressed sample, and calculating the density ρ of the compressed sample;

[0084] S5. Set the human skin simulation mechanism 2 to enter the sleep body temperature mode through the control module 4, simulating the state where the heat generated by the human body is less than the heat dissipated.

[0085] S6. Start the test and timekeeping, set the start time as t0; obtain the surface temperature T of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 in real time through the temperature sensor 204; generate a curve of time t and temperature T through the control module 4, and record the time t when the temperature reaches T = 35°C ± 0.1°C 35℃ and the time t when T = 30°C ± 0.1°C. 30℃ ;

[0086] S7. Set the human skin simulation mechanism 2 to enter the normal body temperature mode through the control module 4, so that its surface temperature remains at 36°C ± 0.1°C, simulating the normal body temperature of the human body.

[0087] S8. Record the current I and heating time t of the heater 205 during the process of the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 rising from 30°C to 36°C through the control module 4. 30～36℃ , and calculate the heating power Q per unit time.

[0088] S9. Obtain the heat preservation time of the sample in the state of compression density ρ:

[0089] t = t 35℃ - t0;

[0090] The heat loss rate of the sample in the state of compression density ρ:

[0091] v t = (36 - 30) / (t 30 - t0);

[0092] The thermal resistance value of the sample in the state of compression density ρ and at the temperature of T0:

[0093]

[0094] The specific heat capacity of the sample in the state of compression density ρ and at the temperature of T0:

[0095]

[0096] S10. Comprehensively evaluate the heat preservation performance of the textile by using the heat preservation time, heat loss rate and thermal resistance value to obtain the test result of the heat preservation performance of the textile; comprehensively evaluate the heat storage performance of the textile by using the heat preservation time, heat loss rate and specific heat capacity to obtain the test result of the heat storage performance of the textile.

[0097] It should be noted that moisture conditioning balance is a method for adjusting the humidity of textiles in the prior art. Specifically, it refers to the state or process in which the internal humidity of textile materials reaches a dynamic balance with the surrounding environmental humidity through the processes of moisture absorption and desorption.

[0098] It should be noted that the heat preservation performance of textiles is comprehensively evaluated by using the heat preservation time, heat loss rate and thermal resistance value, and the comprehensive evaluation method of the heat preservation performance of textiles in the prior art is adopted for the evaluation; the heat storage performance of textiles is comprehensively evaluated by using the heat preservation time, heat loss rate and specific heat capacity, and the comprehensive evaluation method of the heat storage performance of textiles in the prior art is adopted for the evaluation.

[0099] It should be noted that by using this test device, the temperature of the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate can be switched through the control module, so that the temperature of the upper insulating plate 301 is raised to 90°C to 100°C for testing the heat insulation performance of the textile sample; the textile sample to be tested is placed on the upper end surface of the upper insulating plate 301, and the human skin simulation mechanism 2 is pressed on the upper end surface of the textile sample to be tested through the lifting mechanism. After a specified time, the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism 2 is obtained, and the heat insulation performance of the textile can be evaluated by using the above evaluation method.

[0100] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed claims.

[0101] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to the embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A textile thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device, characterized in that: It includes a shell, a human skin simulation mechanism, a high and low temperature generating mechanism and a control module; The housing has a test cavity for supporting and protecting the human skin simulation mechanism, the high and low temperature generating mechanism and the control module, and isolating the heat transfer between the external environment and the test cavity; The human skin simulation mechanism is arranged in the middle of the test cavity, and comprises a metal plate with a simulated skin layer attached to the outer surface, a temperature sensor arranged in the middle of the metal plate, and a heater arranged at one end of the metal plate; the temperature sensor and the heater are both electrically connected to the control module; the human skin simulation mechanism is used to simulate human skin and obtain the surface temperature value of the metal plate; The high and low temperature generating mechanism is arranged in parallel below the human skin simulation mechanism, and includes an upper insulating plate arranged at the upper end and a lower insulating plate arranged at the lower end; a temperature detector and a high and low temperature generator for heating and cooling are arranged between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate; the temperature detector and the high and low temperature generator are both electrically connected to the control module; The control module is arranged in the shell and isolated from the heat transfer with the test cavity by a partition, and is used for real-time control and monitoring of the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism and the high and low temperature generating mechanism.

2. The thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device for textiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal plate comprises an upper metal plate and a lower metal plate; there is a gap between the upper metal plate and the lower metal plate, and the heater is installed in the gap; the upper end surface of the upper metal plate and the lower end surface of the lower metal plate are both attached to the simulated skin layer.

3. The thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device for textiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper metal plate and the lower metal plate are both provided with the same number of through holes at corresponding positions in the center; the temperature sensors are embedded and installed in the through holes.

4. The thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device for textiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper insulating plate is a double-layer structure with an upper and lower layer, and there is a gap between the upper layer and the lower layer; the temperature detector is fixed in the gap and arranged at the center of the upper insulating plate; a metal layer is also attached to the lower end surface of the upper insulating plate; the lower insulating plate has the same structure as the upper insulating plate, and is arranged below the upper insulating plate in a mirror-symmetrical manner with the upper insulating plate.

5. The thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device for textiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the metal layer of the upper insulating plate is provided with a plurality of first metal sheets arranged transversely; the surface of the metal layer of the lower insulating plate is provided with a plurality of second metal sheets arranged transversely; the high and low temperature generator is installed between the upper insulating plate and the lower insulating plate, and the upper and lower ends are connected to the first and second metal sheets respectively; the high and low temperature generator is electrically connected to the control module, and is used to make the upper insulating plate or the lower insulating plate reach a temperature of -40°C to 100°C.

6. The thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device for textiles according to claim 5, characterized in that: A radiator is arranged below the lower insulating plate.

7. The thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device for textiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing device also includes a lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged in the testing cavity and fixed on the upper end surface of the partition, and includes a driving part and a transmission part; the driving part is electrically connected to the control module and drives the transmission part to move up and down; the transmission part is fixedly connected to the human skin simulation mechanism and drives the human skin simulation mechanism to move up and down.

8. The thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device for textiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The testing device also includes an ambient temperature detector; the ambient temperature detector is arranged in the testing cavity and located above the human skin simulation mechanism, and is electrically connected to the control module for testing the ambient temperature inside the testing cavity.

9. A method for testing the thermal insulation and heat storage performance of textiles, characterized in that: The thermal insulation and heat storage performance testing device for textiles according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the testing method comprises: S1, setting the temperature T0 of the upper insulation plate through the control module, the temperature setting range is -40°C to 0°C; S2, setting the human skin simulation mechanism to enter a normal body temperature mode through a control module, so that its surface temperature is maintained at 36°C ± 0.1°C; S3, selecting a sample of the tested textile with the same plane size as the upper insulating plate and a mass of m, and placing the sample in a room temperature environment for humidity balance; S4, placing the sample on the upper end surface of the upper insulating plate and aligning the edges; controlling the lifting mechanism through the control module to adjust the height of the human skin simulation mechanism, compressing the sample, and obtaining the thickness h of the compressed sample, and obtaining the density ρ of the compressed sample by calculation; S5, setting the human skin simulation mechanism to enter a sleeping body temperature mode through the control module, simulating a state in which the heat generated by the human body is less than the heat lost; S6, start the test and start timing, set the start time to t0; obtain the surface temperature T of the human skin simulation mechanism in real time through the temperature sensor; generate a curve of time t and temperature T through the control module, and record the time t when the temperature reaches T = 35 ° C ± 0.1 ° C 35℃ and time t when T=30℃±0.1℃ 30℃ ; S7, setting the human skin simulation mechanism to enter a normal body temperature mode through a control module, so that its surface temperature is maintained at 36°C±0.1°C, simulating the normal body temperature of a human body; S8, recording, by the control module, the current I passing through the heater and the heating time t during the process in which the temperature of the human skin simulation mechanism increases from 30° C. to 36° C. 30～36℃ , the heating power Q per unit time is calculated; S9, obtain the holding time of the sample under the compressed density of ρ: t=t 35℃ -t0; The temperature loss rate of the sample under the compressed density of ρ: v t =(36-30) / (t 30 -t0); Thermal resistance of the sample under compression density ρ and temperature T0: The specific heat capacity of the sample under the condition of compressed density ρ and temperature T0: S10, comprehensively evaluating the thermal insulation performance of the textile using the heat preservation time, the temperature loss rate and the thermal resistance value to obtain the thermal insulation performance test result of the textile; comprehensively evaluating the thermal storage performance of the textile using the heat preservation time, the temperature loss rate and the specific heat capacity to obtain the thermal storage performance test result of the textile.

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