Radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed dirt calibration method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed smudginess calibration method and device, and relates to the technical field of rail transit data processing, and the method comprises the steps: setting railway ballast gradation corresponding to different smudginess grades; respectively manufacturing a plurality of railway ballast test boxes for each railway ballast gradation according to the railway ballast gradation corresponding to different smudginess grades; the railway ballast test boxes are placed according to a preset railway ballast test box arrangement mode, and ballast bed calibration line construction is completed; a track bed radar detection vehicle is arranged on the calibration line section, radar electromagnetic data of the railway ballast test box sections corresponding to different smudge grades are obtained, and radar energy indexes of the railway ballast test boxes of the multiple smudge grade sections are determined; and according to the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes of the multiple dirt grade sections and the corresponding ballast bed dirt indexes, a mathematical correlation model between radar electromagnetic energy and the ballast bed dirt indexes is established through regression fitting, and the radar energy indexes on the detection vehicle are converted into actual ballast bed dirt physical indexes through the correlation model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit data processing, and particularly to a method and device for calibrating radar electromagnetic energy-dirty ballast bed. Background Art

[0002] This section aims to provide background or context for the embodiments of the present invention. The descriptions herein are not admitted to be prior art merely because they are included in this section.

[0003] A ballasted track refers to a railway track with a stone granular ballast bed (ballast) under the rail, usually also called a crushed stone ballast bed track, which is one of the main forms of railway track structures. It has the advantages of good elasticity, low price, convenient replacement and maintenance, good noise absorption characteristics, etc. Among them, the ballasted track ballast bed is an important part of the track structure, the foundation of the track framework, and has the functions of bearing the pressure of the sleepers and evenly transmitting it to the subgrade surface, providing longitudinal and lateral resistance of the track, maintaining the stability of the track structure, providing track elasticity, reducing and absorbing wheel-rail impact and vibration, providing good drainage performance, and facilitating track maintenance operations. At present, the total operating mileage of ballasted lines reaches 1.367 million kilometers, including 1.14 million kilometers of conventional railways and 227,000 kilometers of high-speed railways (accounting for more than 50% of the total high-speed rail scale). With the increase in the service life of ballasted track lines, the stone ballast particles in the ballast bed are broken and pulverized due to vibration friction under the repeated loads of trains, and are accompanied by the scattering / invasion of external dirt, the upward surging of bottom ballast particles and subgrade mud under the ballast bed structure, etc. Under the combined action of the above factors, the pores between the ballast particles are gradually filled and blocked, forming a ballast bed dirt mainly composed of fine particle powders. Ballast bed dirt is an important factor affecting the normal operation and service of the ballast bed, mainly reflected in its ability to affect the drainage performance of the ballast bed, and in severe cases, it leads to water accumulation in the ballast bed, further increasing the possibility of ballast bed pumping and mud boiling, and ballast bed compaction, and ultimately resulting in a decrease in the elasticity of the ballast bed and a deterioration of the stability of the track structure. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly carry out major overhaul operations such as screening and replacement / ballast replenishment for ballasted track ballast beds that reach a certain total passing weight.

[0004] Research shows that in recent years, the annual major overhaul length of the subgrade (ballast bed / subgrade) of conventional ballasted tracks has reached tens of thousands of kilometers, and the investment cost has reached billions of yuan. Some ballasted high-speed railway lines that were opened earlier have now started major line overhauls. Moreover, with the increase in operation time, the scale of major overhauls of high-speed ballasted tracks will increase year by year. At present, the major overhaul of conventional ballasted tracks by screening is mainly based on the total passing tonnage, and is adjusted in combination with the distribution of hidden defects such as ballast bed fouling, mud pumping, and abnormal water content obtained through manual inspections and limited-point excavation inspections. However, the traditional methods for obtaining hidden defects are inefficient and inaccurate. The decision-making mechanism for ballast bed major overhauls, which mainly relies on the total passing tonnage and supplemented by manual inspections, is also difficult to meet the requirements of precise line condition-based maintenance, and is prone to "under-maintenance" or "over-maintenance" of the line. With the continuous expansion of the railway network scale and the increase in operation time, the scale of major overhauls of ballasted tracks is increasing year by year, and maintenance resources are becoming increasingly tense. There is an urgent need to develop a rapid detection technology and condition evaluation method for hidden defects in the subgrade of ballasted railways to support the scientific formulation of maintenance strategies and the rational allocation of maintenance resources for ballasted tracks.

[0005] In the existing technology, in recent years, various countries have developed complete sets of detection technologies and equipment for hidden defects in the subgrade and provided technical services to railway operating companies in various countries. However, these technologies have problems such as low data analysis efficiency, large subjective factors in the manual identification of specific diseases based on data characteristics, and failure to convert the ballast-radar electromagnetic signal characteristic indicators into actual ballast fouling physical indicators to achieve rapid quantitative characterization of the ballast fouling state, and cannot meet the requirements of rapid periodic ballast fouling detection for railway networks at the network level.

[0006] Generally speaking, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can overcome the above defects and solve problems such as low data analysis efficiency of the existing in-vehicle radar detection technology for railways, failure to convert ballast-radar electromagnetic signal characteristics into actual ballast fouling physical indicators, and inability to rapidly quantitatively characterize the ballast fouling state. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method and device for calibrating radar electromagnetic energy - ballast bed contamination. By quantitatively manufacturing multiple groups of ballast test boxes with different contamination levels for ballast - bedded conventional speed railways and ballast - bedded high - speed railways, each group of contamination levels has multiple ballast test boxes with the same ballast gradation. The multiple ballast test boxes with different contamination levels are arranged in the way of "conventional speed in the front, high - speed in the rear, sleeper ends on the left, ballast center on the right, large in the middle, small at both ends, and gradient - setting" according to the ballast bed contamination index, so as to establish a quantitatively calibrated line for the ballast bed contamination level. Then, a ballast bed radar inspection vehicle is used to test the ballast - radar electromagnetic data on the line. Through data pre - processing, cross - correlation processing, energy calculation and other processing processes, the radar energy indexes of different ballast bed contamination level sections are calculated, and the radar energy indexes and ballast bed contamination indexes of each group of ballast bed contamination level sections are regressed and fitted. Furthermore, a mathematical correlation model between the radar energy index and the ballast bed contamination index of the ballast - bedded railway is established, so as to realize the conversion of the radar electromagnetic signal index to the actual ballast bed contamination physical index, which can meet the calibration requirements of different ballast - radar detection systems, ensure the detection quality of the test system, and contribute to the rapid detection of the ballast bed contamination state and the accurate decision - making of on - site major overhaul and cleaning

[0008] In the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a method for calibrating radar electromagnetic energy - ballast bed contamination is proposed, including:

[0009] Setting the ballast gradation corresponding to different contamination levels, where the ballast gradation at least includes the ballast gradations of ballast - bedded high - speed railways corresponding to multiple contamination levels and the ballast gradations of ballast - bedded conventional speed railways corresponding to multiple contamination levels;

[0010] For the ballast gradations corresponding to different contamination levels, respectively manufacturing multiple ballast test boxes for each of the ballast gradations;

[0011] Placing the ballast test boxes according to the preset layout method of ballast test boxes (that is, arranging the ballast test boxes according to the gradient - setting method of contamination levels), backfilling the graded ballast around the ballast test boxes, installing and adjusting sleepers, rails, fasteners or other track components, and laying the surface ballast to complete the construction of the quantitatively calibrated line for the ballast bed contamination level;

[0012] On the calibrated line section, a ballast bed radar inspection vehicle is put on the line, and the radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box section with the ballast gradation corresponding to different contamination levels is obtained through the ballast bed radar inspection vehicle, and the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in multiple contamination level sections are determined;

[0013] According to the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in the multiple dirt level sections and the corresponding track bed dirt indexes, a mathematical correlation model between the radar electromagnetic energy and the track bed dirt index is established through regression fitting. Using the correlation model to convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy indexes on the inspection vehicle into actual track bed dirt physical indexes, it can be used for the calibration work of different track bed-radar detection system platforms, and assist in detecting and evaluating the track bed dirt state and the decision-making of on-site major repair and cleaning.

[0014] In the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a radar electromagnetic energy-track bed dirt calibration device is proposed, including:

[0015] A ballast test box, wherein the ballast test box is set, manufactured and arranged based on the following methods:

[0016] Set the ballast gradations corresponding to different dirt levels, wherein the ballast gradations at least include the ballast gradations of ballasted high-speed railways corresponding to multiple dirt levels and the ballast gradations of ballasted ordinary-speed railways corresponding to multiple dirt levels;

[0017] For the ballast gradations corresponding to different dirt levels, respectively manufacture multiple ballast test boxes for each of the ballast gradations;

[0018] Place the ballast test boxes according to the preset ballast test box layout method (that is, arrange the ballast test boxes according to the method of gradient setting of dirt levels), and backfill the graded ballast around the ballast test boxes, install and adjust sleepers, rails, fasteners or other track components, and lay the surface ballast to complete the construction of the track bed calibration line with quantitative dirt levels;

[0019] A track bed radar inspection vehicle, which is set in the calibration line section to obtain the radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box sections with ballast gradations corresponding to different dirt levels;

[0020] A data processing module, which is used to determine the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in multiple dirt level sections according to the radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test boxes;

[0021] A calibration module, which is used to establish a mathematical correlation model between the radar electromagnetic energy and the track bed dirt index through regression fitting according to the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in the multiple dirt level sections and the corresponding track bed dirt indexes, and use the correlation model to convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy indexes on the inspection vehicle into actual track bed dirt physical indexes, which can be used for the calibration work of different track bed-radar detection system platforms, and assist in detecting and evaluating the track bed dirt state and the decision-making of on-site major repair and cleaning.

[0022] In a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a computer device is proposed, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, a radar electromagnetic energy-ballast contamination calibration method is implemented.

[0023] In a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, a radar electromagnetic energy-ballast contamination calibration method is implemented.

[0024] In a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a computer program product is proposed. The computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, a radar electromagnetic energy-ballast contamination calibration method is implemented.

[0025] The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast contamination calibration method and device proposed by the present invention can convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the inspection vehicle into the actual ballast contamination physical index through a systematic calibration process and correlation model. It can be used for the calibration work of different ballast-radar detection system platforms, and then can accurately obtain the ballast contamination information at different positions (it should be noted that "different positions" includes two meanings, one is the mileage position; the other is different ballast positions (end of sleeper / side of track center)). It greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of ballast contamination detection, effectively avoids the under-maintenance or over-maintenance problems caused by the traditional ballast overhaul decision-making mechanism mainly based on total weight, supplemented by manual inspection and disease distribution, meets the requirements of rapid periodic detection of the road network-level railway, and ensures the timeliness and scientificity of railway ballast maintenance. In addition, the ballast calibration method and device can provide a reliable calibration basis for different ballast-radar detection system platforms, ensure that the test system has high-quality and consistent detection performance, enhance the applicability and stability of radar detection technology in the field of railway ballast detection, and promote the unification and improvement of industry detection technology standards. Based on the accurate ballast contamination detection results and quantitative indicators, it provides key data support and scientific basis for formulating maintenance strategies for ballast tracks of railway ballast lines, helps to reasonably allocate limited maintenance resources, realizes accurate decision-making for ballast overhaul and cleaning operations of railway ballast, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the safety and economic benefits of railway operation. The overall solution effectively solves the key problems of the existing ballast contamination detection technology for ballast tracks of ballast railways, and is remarkable in improving detection accuracy, detection efficiency, realizing quantitative characterization and meeting system calibration requirements, providing strong technical support for the maintenance of ballast tracks of ballast railways. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a radar electromagnetic energy - ballast contamination calibration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic flowchart of setting the ballast gradation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic flowchart of manufacturing a ballast test box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic flowchart of the specific process of filling materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic flowchart of arranging the ballast test box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic flowchart of calculating the radar energy index for each contamination level section according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic flowchart of the calibration process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8A It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ballast sample section of the calibration line from a side view according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8B It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ballast sample section of the calibration line from a top view according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8C It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ballast sample section of the calibration line from a front view according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 It is a three - dimensional schematic diagram of the arrangement of the ballast test boxes for each contamination level of the calibration line according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 10A It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the contamination index corresponding to the ballast test box on the side of the calibration line pillow end according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10B It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the contamination index corresponding to the ballast test box on the side of the calibration line track center according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the detection effect of the calibration line radar detection vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 12 It is a fitting diagram of the radar energy index and the ballast dirt index P25 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the radar electromagnetic energy - ballast dirt calibration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] Next, the principles and spirit of the present invention will be described with reference to several exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and then implement the present invention, rather than limiting the scope of the present invention in any way. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure more thorough and complete, and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0045] Those skilled in the art know that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as a system, a device, an equipment, a method, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present disclosure can be specifically implemented in the following forms: completely hardware, completely software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.

[0046] According to the embodiments of the present invention, a method and a device for calibrating radar electromagnetic energy - ballast dirt are proposed, which relate to the technical field of rail transit data processing.

[0047] Next, with reference to several representative embodiments of the present invention, the principles and spirit of the present invention will be elaborated in detail.

[0048] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the method for calibrating radar electromagnetic energy - ballast dirt according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the method includes:

[0049] S101, setting the ballast gradations corresponding to different dirt levels, where the ballast gradations at least include the ballast gradations of ballasted high - speed railways corresponding to multiple dirt levels and the ballast gradations of ballasted ordinary - speed railways corresponding to multiple dirt levels;

[0050] S102, for the ballast gradations corresponding to different dirt levels, respectively making multiple ballast test boxes for each of the ballast gradations;

[0051] S103, Place the ballast test box according to the preset layout method of the ballast test box (that is, arrange the ballast test box according to the method of gradient setting according to the dirt level), backfill the graded ballast around the ballast test box, install and adjust the sleeper, rail, fastener or other track components, and lay the surface ballast to complete the construction of the calibration line of the ballast bed with quantitative dirt level;

[0052] S104, Run the ballast bed radar detection vehicle on the calibration line section. Obtain the radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box section with the ballast gradation corresponding to different dirt levels through the ballast bed radar detection vehicle, and determine the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in multiple dirt level sections;

[0053] S105, According to the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in multiple dirt level sections and the corresponding ballast bed dirt indexes, establish a mathematical correlation model between the radar electromagnetic energy and the ballast bed dirt index through regression fitting. Use the correlation model to convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the detection vehicle into the actual ballast bed dirt physical index, which can be used for the calibration work of different ballast bed - radar detection system platforms, and assist in detecting and evaluating the ballast bed dirt state and the decision-making of on-site major overhaul and cleaning;

[0054] For a clearer explanation of the above radar electromagnetic energy - ballast bed dirt calibration method, the following will be described in detail in combination with each step.

[0055] In one embodiment, for S101, set the ballast gradation corresponding to different dirt levels, refer to Figure 2 , The specific method is:

[0056] S201, According to the radar detection results, the total weight and the on-site ballast bed disease information, sample the dirt state of the ballast bed of the existing ballast track line and screen the indoor samples, obtain the ballast gradation curve data of the corresponding points, and summarize them into the ballast bed dirt gradation curve database;

[0057] S202, According to the ballast bed dirt gradation curve database, refer to the ballast bed dirt gradation characteristics to determine the upper and lower limit values of the ballast bed dirt index, set the ballast bed dirt index gradient, and draw up the ballast gradation of the ballast high-speed railway corresponding to multiple dirt levels and the ballast gradation of the ballast conventional-speed railway corresponding to multiple dirt levels.

[0058] In one embodiment, for S102, for the ballast gradation corresponding to different dirt levels, respectively make multiple ballast test boxes for each ballast gradation, refer to Figure 3 , The specific method is:

[0059] S301. For the sample sections of the ballast fouling grades corresponding to multiple ballast gradations of ballasted high-speed railways and conventional railways for a single survey line, preset the lengths of the sample sections of each ballast fouling grade with reference to the sleeper spacing and the number of sleepers. Considering the ballast out-of-position layered paving, vibration, and lifting capabilities within the sample sections of each ballast fouling grade, further divide the sample section of a single fouling grade into multiple ballast test box units with preset lengths.

[0060] Among them, the ballast test box uses a non-metallic material ballast test box. The number of ballast test box specimens required for a double-track line is A×B×C pieces, where A is the number of ballast test box units divided from the sample section of a single fouling grade, B is the number of sample sections of the ballast fouling grades corresponding to multiple ballast gradations, and C is the number of survey lines.

[0061] For example, for the sample sections of the ballast fouling grades corresponding to 14 typical ballast gradations, make ballast test boxes for the sample sections of each gradation. Specifically, prepare 84 non-metallic material ballast test boxes. Each single survey line of ballasted conventional railways and high-speed railways requires 7 sample sections of the ballast fouling grades corresponding to ballast gradations. Among them, preset the range of 5 sleepers (along the line direction) and a sleeper spacing of 0.6 m, then the preset length of each sample section is 2.4 m. Considering the limitations of ballast out-of-position layered paving, vibration, and lifting capabilities in the ballast box, further divide a single 2.4 m sample section into 3 ballast test box units with a length of 0.8 m. A double-track line requires a total of 3×(2×7)×2 = 84 ballast test box unit specimens.

[0062] S302. Screen the mixed ballast materials by each particle size of the ballast gradation curve to obtain ballast materials of different particle size ranges; among them, use a square-hole sieve to screen the mixed ballast materials.

[0063] S303. Select one of the ballast gradation curves and the estimated total filling mass, calculate the required ballast mass for different particle size ranges accordingly, fill the materials in the ballast test box in multiple layers, and complete the filling of the materials in the ballast test boxes corresponding to all the ballast gradation curves in sequence.

[0064] Specifically, perform operations including weighing, spreading, mixing, filling, spreading, and vibrating compaction of the ballast materials of each particle size range in three layers to fill the materials in the ballast test box. Further, refer to Figure 4 , and the detailed process is as follows:

[0065] S401. According to the selected gradation curve and the estimated total filling mass, calculate the proportion of the required ballast mass for different particle size ranges respectively.

[0066] S402. For the first layer, the operations are carried out according to the process of material weighing, paving, mixing, filling, spreading, and vibrating compaction. Among them, according to the estimated total filling mass of the ballast test box and the mass ratio of ballast of each particle size range, the ballast of each particle size range under 1 / 3 of the total mass is weighed; select a cement or steel plate floor, evenly pave and mix the ballast of each particle size range greater than 5 mm, and the overall material is mixed and turned over at least 3 times; re-pave the mixed material; evenly fill the mixed material into each position of the ballast test box; after all the materials of the first layer are filled, level the top surface; evenly spread the fine particles with a particle size less than or equal to 5 mm onto the ballast material of the first layer; lift the ballast test box filled with the filling material to the vibrating table, cover the top surface of the material with a pressing steel plate of a certain thickness, and fix it; start the vibrating table and vibrate until the height of the top surface of the material remains unchanged; remove the pressing steel plate, transfer the ballast test box to the filling area, and carry out the filling operation of the second layer of material.

[0067] Specifically, the thickness of the pressing steel plate covering the top surface of the material can be 20 mm, 30 mm, etc., and the specific thickness can be selected according to the actual scenario. The main purpose is to prevent material spillage.

[0068] S403. For the second and third layers, referring to the treatment method of the first layer, the operations of material weighing, paving, mixing, filling, spreading, and vibrating compaction are carried out in sequence.

[0069] S404. Measure the elevations of the four corners of the pressing steel plate, calculate the height of the top surface of the ballast at the center point, and determine whether the current total filling mass meets the preset requirements. Among them, the preset requirement is: the height of the top surface of the ballast being 3 - 5 cm higher than the top surface of the ballast test box body is qualified; if the height of the top surface of the ballast is lower than the preset requirement, increase the total mass of the ballast on the basis of the existing estimated total filling mass; if the height of the top surface of the ballast is higher than the preset requirement, reduce the total mass of the ballast on the basis of the existing estimated total filling mass, and carry out the re-filling operation on the ballast test box sample of this ballast gradation until the height of the top surface of the ballast meets the preset requirements, determine the best total filling mass corresponding to this ballast gradation curve, and record the actual filling mass of the ballast of each particle size range in the ballast test box.

[0070] S405. According to the best total filling mass corresponding to the ballast gradation curve, repeat the filling process to complete the filling operations of all the ballast test boxes of this ballast gradation curve, and respectively record the actual filling mass of the ballast of each particle size range in all the ballast test boxes corresponding to this ballast gradation curve.

[0071] S406. Repeat the above steps to complete the filling operations of the materials in the ballast test boxes corresponding to the remaining all ballast gradation curves, and respectively record the actual filling mass of the ballast of each particle size range in the ballast test boxes corresponding to the remaining all ballast gradation curves.

[0072] In one embodiment, for S103, place the ballast test box according to the preset layout method of the ballast test box (that is, arrange the ballast test box according to the method of gradient setting of the dirt level), and backfill the graded ballast around the ballast test box, install and adjust the sleeper, rail, fastener or other track components, lay the surface ballast, and complete the construction of the ballast bed calibration line with quantitative dirt level. Refer to Figure 5 , and the specific method includes:

[0073] S501, measure the elevation of the existing track, calculate the preset elevation of the subgrade top surface, and fill and level the subgrade filling section to make the subgrade horizontal elevation of the section where the ballast test box is laid consistent;

[0074] S502, starting from the line starting point, divide multiple ballast dirt sample sections with gradient setting of dirt levels. Each sample section is of a preset length, and multiple groups of ballast test boxes with graded curves of ballast for the ballast ordinary-speed railway and multiple groups of ballast test boxes with graded curves of ballast for the ballast high-speed railway are arranged in 2 columns in sequence from front to back. Each group of graded curves is set with a corresponding dirt level index;

[0075] S503, according to the antenna layout scheme of the radar detection vehicle, align the horizontal position centers of the 2 columns of ballast test boxes with the center of the sleeper end and the center of the ballast center radar antenna respectively, which are: the ballast test box on the sleeper end side is arranged at a certain distance laterally outward from the center of one side rail, and each sample section of each dirt level corresponds to 3 ballast test boxes; the ballast test box on the ballast center side is arranged along the horizontal center position of the left and right rails, and each sample section of each dirt level corresponds to 3 ballast test boxes;

[0076] S504, cover the top surface of the ballast test box with geotextile, backfill the graded ballast around the ballast test boxes in the sample sections of the ballast ordinary-speed railway and the ballast high-speed railway, conduct ballast bed compaction treatment, cover the upper part with the track panel and surface ballast, adjust the fasteners and pads, and level the track geometry to complete the construction of the ballast bed dirt calibration line with quantitative dirt level.

[0077] In the actual application scenario, for the graded ballast backfilled in S504, the standard graded ballast corresponding to the section is backfilled for different sample sections.

[0078] In one embodiment, for S104, run the radar detection vehicle on the upper track of the calibration line section, and obtain the radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box sections with different dirt levels corresponding to the ballast gradation through the radar detection vehicle on the ballast bed, and determine the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in multiple dirt level sections.

[0079] Specifically, adopt the distance measurement mode, and conduct radar energy tests on the ballast test boxes at the sleeper end and the ballast center respectively based on the side / ballast center radar antenna on the radar detection vehicle on the ballast bed.

[0080] Among them, the sampling interval can be 0.2 m per trace.

[0081] The radar energy index of different fouling level sections is calculated through three steps: data preprocessing, cross-correlation processing, and energy calculation. Refer to Figure 6 , and the specific method includes:

[0082] S601, preprocess the data collected by the ballast bed radar detection vehicle to remove the interference information and noise in the data;

[0083] For ballast bed detection, the following formula is used to process the data matrix to remove standing wave interference:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, y i (n) is the nth data of the column vector of the i-th trace after removing standing wave interference; x i (n), x k (n) is the nth data of the column vector of the i-th or k-th trace before removing standing wave interference; L is the window length;

[0086] S602, by analyzing the cross-correlation of adjacent trace radar data, suppress the reflected energy in the data, remove the horizon reflection information, and increase the proportion of scattered energy;

[0087] Among them, the cross-correlation of adjacent trace radar data is calculated by the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, r yiyi+1 is the correlation coefficient of the column vectors y i and y i+1 of adjacent trace radar data; N is the number of sampling points of each trace data; n is the serial number of the sampling point; when the correlation coefficient of adjacent two traces is greater than the preset coefficient threshold, it is determined that the reflected energy waveforms of adjacent two traces are similar, and the regional reflected energy is removed by multiplying the radar data column vector y i by the energy reduction coefficient;

[0090] Specifically, the preset coefficient threshold can be 0.8, and the energy reduction coefficient can be 0.1. That is, when the correlation coefficient of adjacent two traces is greater than 0.8, it is determined that the reflected energy waveforms of adjacent two traces are similar, and the regional reflected energy is removed by multiplying the radar data column vector y i by 0.1.

[0091] S603, according to the radar data determined by the cross-correlation processing, intercept the radar electromagnetic data below the sleeper position to calculate the radar energy curve of the ballast test box section, and determine the radar energy index of the ballast test boxes in multiple fouling level sections according to the position distribution of the ballast test boxes.

[0092] In one embodiment, for S105, according to the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in the multiple dirt level sections and the corresponding track bed dirt indexes, a mathematical correlation model between the radar electromagnetic energy and the track bed dirt indexes is established through regression fitting. Using this correlation model, the radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the inspection vehicle is converted into the actual track bed dirt physical index, which can be used for the calibration work of different track bed - radar detection system platforms, assist in detecting and evaluating the track bed dirt state and the decision-making of on-site major repair and cleaning sieve, for reference Figure 7 , and the specific method includes:

[0093] S701, according to the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in the multiple dirt level sections and the corresponding track bed dirt indexes, divide the radar energy data in the way of the layout position of the ballast test boxes, the sampling interval, and overlapping 1 track between adjacent ballast test boxes. Calculate the average radar energy index on the sleeper end side and the average radar energy index on the ballast center side of the ballast test boxes in each dirt level section of the ballast railway for ordinary speed and the ballast railway for high speed respectively, and draw the correlation scatter plots between the radar electromagnetic energy and the track bed dirt indexes of the ballast test boxes at each dirt level on the sleeper end side and the ballast center side of the ballast railway for ordinary speed and the ballast railway for high speed respectively;

[0094] S702, according to the correlation scatter plots, respectively establish the mathematical correlation models between the radar electromagnetic energy and the track bed dirt indexes on the sleeper end side and the ballast center side of the ballast railway for ordinary speed and the ballast railway for high speed through regression fitting; among them, for the fitting relationship diagrams between the corresponding groups of category radar energy indexes and the track bed dirt indexes, use the least squares method for regression fitting to establish the mathematical correlation model between the radar electromagnetic energy and the track bed dirt indexes;

[0095] S703, use the correlation model to convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the inspection vehicle into the actual track bed dirt physical index, which can be used for the calibration work of different track bed - radar detection system platforms, assist in detecting and evaluating the track bed dirt state and the decision-making of on-site major repair and cleaning sieve.

[0096] It should be noted that although the operations of the method of the present invention are described in a specific order in the above embodiments and the accompanying drawings, however, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this specific order, or that all the shown operations must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps for execution.

[0097] Next, in combination with an actual application scenario, the radar electromagnetic energy - track bed dirt calibration method proposed by the present invention will be described.

[0098] Step 1: Select ballast gradations of different levels of dirtiness. Among them, there are 7 typical dirtiness levels for ballast gradation of special-grade ballast for ballasted high-speed railways; there are 7 typical dirtiness levels for ballast gradation of first-grade ballast for ballasted conventional railways. Specifically, different ballast sieve sizes and different standard ranges are adopted for different levels of ballast gradations, and they can be selected and set according to specific situations in actual application scenarios.

[0099] Combined with early radar detection results, total traffic volume, and on-site track bed disease information, actual sampling and indoor sample screening are carried out on the dirtiness state of the ballasted track bed of the on-site ballasted track line to obtain the ballast gradation curve data of the corresponding points, and they are summarized into the ballast dirtiness gradation curve database.

[0100] Refer to the characteristics of the ballast dirtiness gradation to determine the upper and lower limit values of the ballast dirtiness index, set the gradient of the ballast dirtiness index, and draw up the ballast gradation curves of 7 typical dirtiness levels for ballasted high-speed railways (referring to the special-grade ballast gradation), and the corresponding dirtiness indexes P22.4 are 5%, 15%, 26%, 35%, 45%, 55%, and 66% respectively. For ballasted conventional railways (referring to the first-grade ballast gradation), the ballast gradation curves of 7 typical dirtiness levels, and the corresponding dirtiness indexes P25 are 5%, 15%, 30%, 38%, 44%, 55%, and 65% respectively.

[0101] Step 2: According to the ballast gradations of the above 14 typical dirtiness levels, make ballast test boxes for each ballast gradation.

[0102] Step 2-1: Prepare 84 non-metallic ballast test boxes. For both single-track lines of ballasted conventional railways and high-speed railways, 7 sample sections corresponding to the ballast dirtiness levels of each ballast gradation are required. Among them, the range of 5 sleepers (along the line direction) and the sleeper spacing of 0.6 m are preset, then the length of the sample section of each ballast dirtiness level is set to 2.4 m. Considering the limitations of the ballast displacement, layering, vibration, and hoisting capabilities in the ballast test box, each 2.4 m sample section is further divided into 3 ballast test box units with a length of 0.8 m. A total of 3×(2×7)×2 = 84 ballast test box unit specimens are required for the double-track line; use non-metallic materials (such as polypropylene PP) to make the ballast test box, and the internal dimensions are: 900 mm×800 mm×350 mm. The transverse dimension of 900 mm envelopes the high-frequency antenna signal collection range (perpendicular to the line direction), the longitudinal dimension of 3×800 mm includes 5 sleepers and 4 sleeper intervals (along the line direction), and the vertical dimension of 350 mm reflects the standard track bed thickness; the thickness of the bottom plate and the side plate along the line direction is 30 mm, and the thickness of the side plate perpendicular to the line direction is 20 mm; drainage holes are arranged in a plum blossom pattern on each wall plate and the bottom plate, with a hole diameter of 8 mm and a spacing of 40 mm;

[0103] Step 2-2: According to the characteristic particle sizes of the ballast gradation curve, screen the existing mixed ballast materials by particle size to obtain ballast materials of each particle size range. Note that the selected ballast materials should not contain iron ore, limestone, etc. Use square-hole sieves to screen the mixed ballast materials. Among them, for the ballast gradation of ballasted conventional-speed railways, use square-hole sieves with side lengths of 3mm, 5mm, 10mm, 16mm, 25mm, 35.5mm, 45mm, 56mm, and 63mm as the characteristic particle sizes for screening; for the ballast gradation of ballasted high-speed railways, use square-hole sieves with side lengths of 3mm, 5mm, 10mm, 16mm, 22.4mm, 31.5mm, 40mm, 50mm, and 63mm as the characteristic particle sizes for screening.

[0104] The square-hole sieves of each size need to be screened in sequence according to the order of "from small to large" or "from large to small". Stack the obtained ballast materials of ballasted conventional-speed railways in particle size ranges of <3mm, 3mm - 5mm, 5mm - 10mm, 10mm - 16mm, 16mm - 25mm, 25mm - 35.5mm, 35.5mm - 45mm, 45mm - 56mm, 56mm - 63mm for standby;

[0105] Stack the ballast materials of ballasted high-speed railways in particle size ranges of <3mm, 3mm - 5mm, 5mm - 10mm, 10mm - 16mm, 16mm - 22.4mm, 22.4mm - 31.5mm, 31.5mm - 40mm, 40mm - 50mm, 50mm - 63mm for standby.

[0106] Step 2-3: Select a certain ballast gradation curve and estimate the total filling mass, and correspondingly calculate the required mass of ballast for each particle size range. Perform operations such as "weighing, spreading, mixing, filling, spreading, and vibrating compaction" of ballast materials of each particle size range in three layers, and carry out the filling of materials in the ballast test box.

[0107] Step 2-3-1: Refer to the selected gradation curve. If it corresponds to the ballast gradation of ballasted conventional-speed railways, calculate the mass ratios of ballast with particle sizes of <3mm, 3mm - 5mm, 5mm - 10mm, 10mm - 16mm, 16mm - 25mm, 25mm - 35.5mm, 35.5mm - 45mm, 45mm - 56mm, 56mm - 63mm in sequence; if it corresponds to the ballast gradation of ballasted high-speed railways, calculate the mass ratios of ballast with particle sizes of <3mm, 3mm - 5mm, 5mm - 10mm, 10mm - 16mm, 16mm - 22.4mm, 22.4mm - 31.5mm, 31.5mm - 40mm, 40mm - 50mm, 50mm - 63mm in sequence;

[0108] Step 2-3-2, conduct the operations of weighing, spreading, mixing, filling, spreading, and vibrating compaction for the first-layer materials. According to the estimated total filling mass of the ballast test box and the mass proportion of ballast of each particle size range, weigh the ballast of each particle size range under 1 / 3 of the total mass; select a clean and flat cement or steel plate ground, evenly spread and mix the above ballast with particle size >5mm, and the total number of times of mixing and turning the whole material shall not be less than 3 times for uniform mixing; re-spread the mixed material for easy sampling; evenly fill the mixed material into each position of the ballast test box, avoiding the operation mode of continuously filling materials on one side of the ballast test box; after all the materials of the first layer are filled, level the top surface; evenly spread the fine particles with particle size <3mm and 3mm-5mm onto the first-layer ballast materials to avoid local accumulation of fine particle ballast during overall mixing and filling; lift the ballast test box filled with the filling materials to the vibrating table, cover the top surface of the materials with a 20mm-thick upper pressing steel plate, properly install and fix it, start the vibrating table, and vibrate until the height of the top surface of the materials remains unchanged (it is recommended to use a vibration frequency of 25Hz and a vibration compaction time of not less than 5min); remove the upper covering steel plate, lift the ballast test box to the filling area, and conduct the filling operation for the second-layer materials.

[0109] Step 2-3-3, repeat the above Step 2-3-2 to complete the operations of weighing, spreading, mixing, filling, spreading, and vibrating compaction for the second and third layers of materials.

[0110] Step 2-3-4, measure the elevations of the four corners of the upper pressing steel plate, calculate the height of the top surface of the ballast at the center point, and determine whether the current total filling mass is the best. The judgment basis is: the height of the top surface of the ballast is 3-5 cm higher than the top surface of the ballast test box body. If the height of the top surface of the ballast is too low, increase the total mass of the ballast on the basis of the existing estimated total filling mass; if the height of the top surface of the ballast is too high, reduce the total mass of the ballast on the basis of the existing estimated total filling mass, and then conduct the re-filling operation for the ballast test box sample of this ballast gradation, repeat Steps 2-3-1 to 2-3-3 until the height of the top surface of the ballast meets the requirement of being 3-5 cm higher than the top surface of the ballast test box body, so as to determine the best total filling mass corresponding to this ballast gradation curve, and record the actual filling mass of the ballast of each particle size range in this ballast test box.

[0111] Step 2-3-5, use the best total filling mass, repeat Steps 2-3-1 to 2-3-3 to complete the filling operations for the remaining 5 ballast test boxes of this ballast gradation curve, and record the actual filling mass of the ballast of each particle size range in the 5 ballast test boxes respectively.

[0112] Step 2-4, repeat Step 2-3 to complete the filling operations for the materials in the remaining 13 ballast gradation curves - a total of 78 ballast test boxes, and record the actual filling mass of the ballast of each particle size range in the remaining 13 ballast gradation curves - a total of 78 ballast test boxes respectively.

[0113] Step 3: Arrange the ballast test boxes in the layout mode of "former regular speed, latter high speed, left pillow end, right track center, large in the middle, small at both ends" for the ballast test boxes, that is, arrange the ballast test boxes according to the way of gradient setting of the dirtiness level, and complete the construction of the calibrated line of the ballasted track with quantitative dirtiness level.

[0114] Step 3-1: Measure the elevation of the existing track, calculate the preset elevation of the subgrade top surface, and level the lower subgrade filling section to ensure that the subgrade horizontal elevation of the section where the ballast test boxes are laid is consistent.

[0115] Step 3-2: Starting from the line starting point, divide the ballasted track dirtiness sample sections with 14 levels of dirtiness level gradient setting, each section is 2.4 m long, and place 7 sets of ballast test boxes with graded curves for regular-speed ballasted railways (42 in total) and 7 sets of ballast test boxes with graded curves for high-speed ballasted railways (42 in total) in 2 columns from front to back in sequence. The corresponding ballasted track dirtiness level indexes P25 for the regular-speed ballasted railway are: 5%, 15%, 30%, 38%, 44%, 55%, 65%; the corresponding ballasted track dirtiness level indexes P22.4 for the high-speed ballasted railway are: 66%, 55%, 45%, 35%, 26%, 15%, 5%.

[0116] According to the existing antenna layout scheme of the radar inspection vehicle, the horizontal position centers of the 2 columns of ballast test boxes are respectively aligned with the center of the radar antenna at the pillow end and the track center, which are respectively: the ballast test boxes on the pillow end side are arranged with a 0.5 m lateral offset outward from the center of one side rail, and each sample section of each dirtiness level corresponds to 3 ballast test boxes; the ballast test boxes on the track center side are arranged along the horizontal center position of the left and right rails, and each sample section of each dirtiness level corresponds to 3 ballast test boxes;

[0117] Step 3-2: Level the top surface of the ballast test boxes; cover with geotextile to prevent external dirt from invading the ballast test boxes; backfill the standard first-class graded ballast around the ballast test boxes in the sample sections of the regular-speed ballasted railway, backfill the standard special-class graded ballast around the ballast test boxes in the sample sections of the high-speed ballasted railway, conduct ballast compaction treatment, cover the upper part with track panels and surface ballast, adjust the fasteners and sleepers, and level the track geometry to complete the construction of the calibrated line of the ballasted track with quantitative dirtiness level.

[0118] Reference Figure 8A 、 Figure 8B and Figure 8C are respectively the schematic diagrams of the layout of the calibrated line ballast test box sample sections from the side view, top view, and front view perspectives of an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the layout of the 14 dirtiness level ballast test box sample sections of the calibrated line is shown in the figure, and the length unit is mm.

[0119] Reference Figure 9 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram of the layout of the ballast test boxes at each dirtiness level of the calibrated line.

[0120] Reference Figure 10A and Figure 10B are respectively the schematic diagrams of the distribution of dirt indexes corresponding to the ballast test boxes on the end side of the calibration line sleeper and the ballast test boxes on the center side of the calibration line

[0121] Step 4: The ballast bed radar detection vehicle is put on the line to detect the calibration line section, and the radar detection data of the ballast test box section with different dirt levels corresponding to the ballast gradation are obtained; starting from the depth range below the sleeper bottom; the data is preprocessed to remove noise, remove standing wave interference, perform cross-correlation processing, calculate radar energy, etc. to calculate the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in each dirt level section. The specific steps are as follows

[0122] Step 4-1: Adopt the distance measurement mode, and use the side / center radar antennas on the ballast bed radar detection vehicle to perform radar energy tests on the end ballast test box and the center ballast test box respectively, with a sampling interval of 0.2 m / channel. Reference Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the detection effect of the calibration line radar detection vehicle

[0123] Step 4-2: Data preprocessing

[0124] Remove the interference information and noise in the data to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the radar detection data. For ballast bed detection, the interference signals are mainly standing wave interference and high-frequency electromagnetic noise interference. Therefore, first process the data matrix through the following formula to remove standing wave interference, and use a low-pass filter with a cut-off frequency of 3 GHz to remove the high-frequency electromagnetic interference of the radar detection data

[0125]

[0126] where y i (n) is the nth data of the ith column vector after removing standing wave interference; x i (n), x k (n) are the nth data of the ith or kth column vector before removing standing wave interference; L is the window length

[0127] Step 4-3: Cross-correlation processing

[0128] Remove the layer reflection information and increase the proportion of scattered energy. First, analyze the cross-correlation of adjacent channels through the following formula, suppress the reflection energy with high correlation in the data, and most of the reflection energy can be removed to increase the proportion of scattered energy. Calculate the cross-correlation of adjacent channel radar data through the following formula

[0129]

[0130] In the formula, r yiyi+1is the radar data column vector y for adjacent channels i and y i+1 is the correlation coefficient; N is the number of sampling points for each channel of data; n is the serial number of the sampling point; when the correlation coefficient between adjacent two channels is greater than 0.8, the reflected energy waveforms of adjacent two channels are similar, and by multiplying the radar data column vector y i by an energy reduction coefficient (i.e., 0.1) to remove the reflected energy in this area and highlight the proportion of scattered energy.

[0131] Step 4-4, energy calculation:

[0132] Take the sum of squares of the radar data of each detection channel determined by the above cross-correlation processing, and calculate the radar energy curve of the ballast test box section. Intercept the radar detection data below the sleeper position for calculation.

[0133] Step 5, respectively draw the correlation scatter plots between the track bed dirtiness index and the radar energy index for multiple dirtiness level sections on the end side and the ballast center side of the ballast railway for ordinary speed and high-speed, and establish the mathematical correlation models between the radar electromagnetic energy and the track bed dirtiness index for the ballast railway for ordinary speed and high-speed by regression fitting. According to the above ballast test box layout position and data sampling interval, divide the data in the way that the number of channels calculated for each box is 5 channels, and there is an overlap of 1 channel between adjacent ballast test boxes. Calculate the mean value of the radar energy index of the ballast test box on the end side and the mean value of the radar energy index of the ballast test box on the ballast center side for each dirtiness level section respectively, draw the correlation scatter plots between the radar electromagnetic energy index and the track bed dirtiness index for each dirtiness level section on the end side and the ballast center side of the ballast railway for ordinary speed and high-speed respectively, use the least squares method for regression fitting respectively, and then establish the mathematical correlation models between the radar electromagnetic energy and the track bed dirtiness index on the end side and the ballast center side of the ballast railway for ordinary speed and high-speed, and convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the inspection vehicle into the actual track bed dirtiness physical index.

[0134] Specifically, according to the above ballast test box layout position and data sampling interval, the number of channels calculated for each box being 5 channels is calculated based on the sampling interval of 0.2 m / channel set in Step 4-1, i.e., (0.8 / 0.2) + 1 = 5 channels. In Step 4-1, if the sampling interval is 0.1 m / channel, then the number of channels calculated is 9 channels, i.e., (0.8 / 0.1) + 1 = 9 channels. The specific sampling interval can be set according to the actual situation, and the corresponding number of channels calculated for each box can be obtained accordingly.

[0135] Reference Figure 12 is the fitting diagram between the mean value of the radar energy index and the track bed dirtiness index P25.

[0136] The present invention quantitatively manufactures 7 ballast test box groups for ballasted conventional-speed railways and 7 ballast test box groups for ballasted high-speed railways with different levels of dirtiness. For each level of dirtiness, there are 6 ballast test boxes with the same ballast gradation. The above 84 ballast test boxes with different levels of dirtiness are arranged in the following way according to the ballast bed dirtiness index: "conventional-speed in the front, high-speed in the back, sleeper end on the left, ballast center on the right, large in the middle, small at both ends, and gradient setting". Then, a calibrated line for the ballast bed dirtiness with quantitative levels of dirtiness is established. The ballast bed-radar electromagnetic data is tested by a ballast bed radar vehicle on the line. Through three processing steps of data preprocessing, cross-correlation processing, and energy calculation, the radar energy indexes of different ballast bed dirtiness level sections are obtained. The least squares method is respectively used to perform regression fitting on the radar energy indexes and the ballast bed dirtiness indexes of each ballast bed dirtiness level section on the sleeper end side and the ballast center side of the ballasted conventional-speed railway and the ballasted high-speed railway. Furthermore, a mathematical correlation model between the radar energy index and the ballast bed dirtiness index of the ballasted railway is established. This invention realizes the conversion of radar electromagnetic signal indexes into actual ballast bed dirtiness physical indexes, can meet the calibration requirements of different ballast bed-radar detection systems, ensure the detection quality of the test system, and contribute to the rapid detection of the ballast bed dirtiness state and the accurate decision-making of on-site major overhaul and cleaning

[0137] After introducing the method of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, next, reference is made to Figure 13 introduce the radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed dirtiness calibration device of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

[0138] The implementation of the radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed dirtiness calibration device can refer to the implementation of the above method, and the repeated parts will not be elaborated. The terms "module" or "unit" used hereinafter can be a combination of software and / or hardware that realizes a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, the implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0139] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed dirtiness calibration device, as Figure 13 shown, the device includes:

[0140] Ballast test boxes, wherein the ballast test boxes are set, manufactured and arranged based on the following method:

[0141] Set the ballast gradations corresponding to different levels of dirtiness, wherein the ballast gradations at least include the ballast gradations of ballasted high-speed railways corresponding to multiple levels of dirtiness and the ballast gradations of ballasted conventional-speed railways corresponding to multiple levels of dirtiness;

[0142] For the ballast gradations corresponding to different levels of dirtiness, respectively manufacture multiple ballast test boxes for each of the ballast gradations;

[0143] Place the ballast test box according to the preset layout method of the ballast test box (i.e., arrange the ballast test box according to the method of gradient setting according to the dirt level), and backfill the graded ballast around the ballast test box, install and adjust the sleeper, rail, fastener or other track components, and lay the surface ballast to complete the construction of the ballast calibration line with quantitative dirt level;

[0144] The ballast radar detection vehicle 1310 is set in the calibration line section to obtain the radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box section with different dirt levels corresponding to the ballast gradation;

[0145] The data processing module 1320 is used to determine the radar energy index of the ballast test box in multiple dirt level sections according to the radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box;

[0146] The calibration module 1330 is used to establish a mathematical correlation model between the radar electromagnetic energy and the ballast dirt index through regression fitting according to the radar energy index of the ballast test box in the multiple dirt level sections and the corresponding ballast dirt index, and use the correlation model to convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the detection vehicle into the actual ballast dirt physical index, which can be used for the calibration work of different ballast-radar detection system platforms, and assist in detecting and evaluating the ballast dirt state and the decision-making of on-site major overhaul and cleaning;

[0147] It should be noted that although several modules of the radar electromagnetic energy-ballast dirt calibration device are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is only exemplary and not mandatory. In fact, according to the embodiments of the present invention, the features and functions of two or more of the above-described modules can be embodied in one module. Conversely, the features and functions of one module described above can be further divided and embodied by multiple modules.

[0148] Based on the foregoing inventive concept, as Figure 14 shown, the present invention also proposes a computer device 1400, including a memory 1410, a processor 1420, and a computer program 1430 stored on the memory 1410 and executable on the processor 1420. When the processor 1420 executes the computer program 15430, the foregoing radar electromagnetic energy-ballast dirt calibration method is implemented.

[0149] Based on the foregoing inventive concept, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the foregoing radar electromagnetic energy-ballast dirt calibration method is implemented.

[0150] Based on the foregoing inventive concept, the present invention proposes a computer program product, which includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the radar electromagnetic energy-ballast dirt calibration method is implemented.

[0151] The radar electromagnetic energy - ballast contamination calibration method and device proposed by the present invention present a customized method for multiple groups of ballast test boxes with different contamination levels. Innovatively, ballast test box groups with 7 contamination levels for ballast on conventional speed railways and 7 contamination levels for ballast on high - speed railways are quantitatively produced, and each group of contamination levels contains 6 ballast test boxes with the same ballast gradation. This large - scale and refined sample design of ballast test boxes comprehensively covers and simulates the ballast conditions of different line types and contamination degrees, providing rich and diverse basic data for subsequent accurate calibration, being able to carefully reflect the influence of ballast contamination changes on radar electromagnetic energy, and having a significant breakthrough compared with traditional methods in sample construction. The ballast boxes are placed according to the patent layout method of "conventional speed first, high - speed later, left sleeper end, right track center, large in the middle, small at both ends, and gradient - setting", fully considering the force, contamination distribution characteristics at different positions of the ballast bed and the differences in key areas for radar detection. This layout method closely conforms to the actual ballast bed structure and working environment, ensuring that the detection data can accurately correspond to the contamination conditions of key parts of the ballast bed, effectively improving the pertinence and accuracy of detection, and being an innovative design for the ballast contamination calibration layout. The radar detection data is processed by comprehensively applying steps such as data pre - processing, cross - correlation processing, and energy calculation, and the least - squares method is used for regression fitting of the radar energy index and the ballast contamination index, successfully establishing a mathematical correlation model between the radar energy index and the ballast contamination index for ballast railways. This model realizes the efficient conversion of the radar electromagnetic signal energy index to the actual ballast contamination physical index for the first time, opening up a new way for the quantitative detection of ballast contamination and making up for the key lack of previous technologies in this regard.

[0152] The radar electromagnetic energy - ballast contamination calibration method and device proposed by the present invention can convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy index of the inspection vehicle into the actual ballast contamination physical index through a systematic calibration process and correlation model. It can be used for the calibration work of different ballast - radar detection system platforms, and then can accurately obtain the ballast contamination information at different positions (it should be noted that "different positions" has two meanings, one is the mileage position; the other is different ballast positions (end of sleeper / side of track center)). This significantly improves the accuracy and efficiency of ballast contamination detection, effectively avoids the under - repair or over - repair problems caused by the traditional ballast overhaul decision - making mechanism mainly based on total weight, supplemented by manual inspection and disease distribution, meets the requirements of rapid periodic detection of the road network - level railway, and ensures the timeliness and scientific nature of railway ballast maintenance. In addition, the ballast calibration method and device can provide a reliable calibration basis for different ballast - radar detection system platforms, ensure that the test system has high - quality and consistent detection performance, enhance the applicability and stability of radar detection technology in the field of railway ballast detection, and promote the unification and improvement of industry detection technology standards. Based on the accurate ballast contamination detection results and quantitative indicators, it provides key data support and scientific basis for formulating maintenance strategies for ballast tracks of ballast railways, helps to reasonably allocate limited maintenance resources, realizes accurate decision - making for ballast overhaul and cleaning operations of railway ballast, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the safety and economic benefits of railway operation. The overall solution effectively solves the key problems of existing ballast contamination detection technologies for ballast railways, and is remarkable in improving detection accuracy, detection efficiency, realizing quantitative characterization and meeting system calibration requirements, providing strong technical support for the maintenance of ballast railways.

[0153] In the technical solution of the present invention, the acquisition, storage, use, processing, etc. of data all comply with the relevant regulations of laws and regulations.

[0154] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, a device, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer - usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD - ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer - usable program code.

[0155] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, and combinations of flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flows Figure 1 one or more of the flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the blocks.

[0156] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured article including instruction means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flows Figure 1 one or more of the flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the blocks.

[0157] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, such that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flows Figure 1 one or more of the flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the blocks.

[0158] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or can easily conceive of changes, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method, characterized in that: include: Setting ballast gradations corresponding to different levels of contamination, wherein the ballast gradations include at least ballast gradations for ballasted high-speed railways corresponding to a plurality of levels of contamination and ballast gradations for ballasted conventional railways corresponding to a plurality of levels of contamination; For the ballast gradations corresponding to the different dirt levels, a plurality of ballast test boxes for each of the ballast gradations are manufactured respectively; The ballast test box is placed according to the preset ballast test box layout method, and the graded ballast around the ballast test box is backfilled, sleepers, rails, fasteners or other track components are installed and adjusted, and the surface ballast is laid to complete the construction of the track bed calibration line with quantitative dirtiness level; A roadbed radar detection vehicle is put on line in the demarcated line section, and radar electromagnetic data of ballast test box sections of ballast gradings corresponding to different dirt levels are obtained by the roadbed radar detection vehicle to determine radar energy indicators of ballast test boxes in sections of multiple dirt levels; According to the radar energy index of the ballast test box in the multiple dirt level sections and the corresponding roadbed dirt index, a mathematical correlation model between radar electromagnetic energy and roadbed dirt index is established through regression fitting. The radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the detection vehicle is converted into an actual roadbed dirt physical index using the correlation model. It can be used for calibration of different roadbed-radar detection system platforms, and assist in detecting and evaluating the roadbed dirt status and making on-site overhaul and screening decisions.

2. The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Set the ballast gradation corresponding to different dirt levels, including: According to the radar detection results, total weight and on-site ballast bed disease information, the ballast bed contamination status of the on-site ballasted track line is sampled and the indoor samples are screened to obtain the ballast gradation curve data of the corresponding points and summarize them into the ballast bed contamination gradation curve database; According to the ballast bed contamination gradation curve database, the upper and lower limit values ​​of the ballast bed contamination index are determined with reference to the ballast bed contamination gradation characteristics, the ballast bed contamination index gradient is set, and the ballast gradations of ballasted high-speed railways corresponding to multiple contamination levels and the ballast gradations of ballasted conventional railways corresponding to multiple contamination levels are formulated.

3. The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: For the ballast gradations corresponding to the different dirt levels, a plurality of ballast test boxes for each of the ballast gradations are respectively manufactured, including: For the sample sections of the roadbed dirtiness levels corresponding to the multiple ballast gradings required for a single survey line corresponding to the ballasted high-speed railway and the conventional railway, the length of the sample section specimens of each roadbed dirtiness level is preset with reference to the sleeper spacing and the number of sleepers, and the sample section of a single dirtiness level is further divided into a plurality of ballast test box units of preset lengths in consideration of the off-site layered paving, vibration and hoisting capabilities of the ballast in the sample section of each roadbed dirtiness level; wherein the ballast test box adopts a non-metallic material ballast test box, and the number of ballast test box specimens required for the two survey lines is A×B×C, wherein A is the number of ballast test box units divided into the sample section of a single dirtiness level, B is the number of sample sections of the roadbed dirtiness level corresponding to the multiple ballast gradings, and C is the number of survey lines; The mixed ballast material is screened by ballast screen according to the characteristic particle size of the ballast gradation curve to obtain ballast materials of different particle size grades; wherein the mixed ballast material is screened by a square hole screen; Select one of the ballast grading curves and estimate the total filling mass, calculate the ballast mass required for different particle size grades, fill the material in the ballast test box in multiple layers, and complete the filling of the material in the ballast test box corresponding to all the ballast grading curves in sequence.

4. The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Select one of the ballast gradation curves and estimate the total filling mass, calculate the ballast mass required for different particle size ranges, fill the material in the ballast test box in multiple layers, and complete the filling of the material in the ballast test box corresponding to all ballast gradation curves in sequence, including: The operations including weighing, spreading, mixing, loading, spreading and vibration compaction of ballast materials of different particle sizes are carried out in three layers, and the materials are filled in the ballast test box.

5. The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The operations of weighing, spreading, mixing, filling, spreading and vibrating compaction of ballast materials with different particle sizes are carried out in three layers, and the materials are filled in the ballast test box, including: According to the selected grading curve and the estimated total filling mass, the mass proportion of ballast corresponding to different particle size grades is calculated respectively; For the first layer, the operation is carried out according to the process of material weighing, paving, mixing, filling, spreading and vibration compaction. According to the estimated total filling mass and the mass proportion of ballast of each particle size in the 1 / 3 ballast test box, weigh the ballast of each particle size under 1 / 3 of the total mass; choose cement or steel plate ground, evenly spread and mix the ballast of each particle size larger than 5mm, and stir the whole material at least 3 times; spread the mixed material again; and evenly mix the material. Evenly fill the material to each position of the ballast test box; after all the materials of the first layer are filled, level the top surface; evenly spread fine particles with a particle size of less than or equal to 5mm on the first layer of ballast material; hoist the ballast test box with filling materials to the vibration table, cover the top surface of the material with a certain thickness of upper pressure steel plate, and fix it; start the vibration table and vibrate until the height of the top surface of the material remains unchanged; remove the upper pressure steel plate, transport the ballast test box to the filling area, and carry out the second layer of material filling operation; For the second and third layers, refer to the processing method of the first layer, and carry out material weighing, paving, mixing, filling, spreading, and vibration compaction operations in sequence; Measure the elevations of the four corners of the upper pressure steel plate, calculate the height of the ballast top surface at the center point, and determine whether the current total filling mass meets the preset requirements; wherein, the preset requirements are: the ballast top surface height is 3-5cm greater than the top surface of the ballast test box to be qualified; if the ballast top surface height is lower than the preset requirements, increase the ballast total mass on the basis of the estimated total filling mass; if the ballast top surface height is higher than the preset requirements, reduce the ballast total mass on the basis of the estimated total filling mass, and re-fill the ballast test box sample of the ballast grading until the ballast top surface height meets the preset requirements, determine the optimal total filling mass corresponding to the ballast grading curve, and record the actual filling mass of the ballast of each particle size grade in the ballast test box; According to the optimal total filling mass corresponding to the ballast gradation curve, the filling process is repeated to complete the filling operation of all ballast test boxes of the ballast gradation curve, and the actual filling mass of each particle size grade of all ballast test boxes corresponding to the ballast gradation curve is recorded respectively; Repeat the above steps to complete the filling operation of the materials in the ballast test box corresponding to all other ballast gradation curves, and record the actual filling quality of the ballast of each particle size grade in the ballast test box corresponding to all other ballast gradation curves.

6. The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ballast test box is placed according to the preset ballast test box layout method, and the graded ballast around the ballast test box is backfilled, sleepers, rails, fasteners or other track components are installed and adjusted, and the surface ballast is laid to complete the construction of the track bed calibration line with quantitative dirtiness level, including: Measure the existing track elevation, calculate the preset elevation of the roadbed top surface, fill and level the roadbed fill section to make the horizontal elevation of the section where the ballast test box is laid consistent; Starting from the starting point of the line, multiple ballast bed contamination sample sections with gradient dirtiness levels are divided. Each sample section is of a preset length. Ballast test boxes with multiple groups of gradation curves for ballasted conventional railways and ballast test boxes with multiple groups of gradation curves for ballasted high-speed railways are placed in two rows from front to back. Each group of gradation curves is set with a corresponding dirtiness level index. According to the radar detection vehicle antenna layout plan, the horizontal positions of the two rows of ballast test boxes are aligned with the center of the sleeper end and the center of the track radar antenna respectively, namely: the sleeper end side ballast test box is arranged at a certain distance laterally outward from the center of one side of the rail, and each group of sample sections of dirtiness level corresponds to 3 ballast test boxes; the center side ballast test box is arranged along the horizontal center position of the left and right rails, and each group of sample sections of dirtiness level corresponds to 3 ballast test boxes; Cover the top surface of the ballast test box with geotextile, backfill graded ballast around the ballast test box in the sample sections of ballasted conventional railway and ballasted high-speed railway, compact the roadbed, cover the top with rails and surface ballast, adjust fasteners and pads, level the track geometry, and complete the construction of the ballasted roadbed dirtiness calibration line with quantitative dirtiness level.

7. The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A roadbed radar detection vehicle is put on line in the calibration line section, and radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box section corresponding to the ballast grading of different dirt levels is obtained by the roadbed radar detection vehicle, and radar energy indicators of the ballast test box in sections of multiple dirt levels are determined, including: The distance measurement mode is adopted to carry out radar energy tests on the pillow-end ballast test box and the track-center ballast test box based on the radar antenna on the side / track-center of the track bed radar detection vehicle.

8. The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method further includes: The data collected by the roadbed radar detection vehicle is preprocessed to remove interference information and noise in the data; for roadbed detection, the data matrix is ​​processed by the following formula to remove standing wave interference: In the formula, y i (n) is the nth data of the column vector after the standing wave interference is removed from the i-th channel; x i (n), x k (n) is the nth data of the column vector of the i-th or k-th channel before removing the standing wave interference; L is the window length; By analyzing the cross-correlation of adjacent radar data, the reflected energy in the data is suppressed, the layer reflection information is removed, and the proportion of scattered energy is increased; the cross-correlation of adjacent radar data is calculated by the following formula: In the formula, is the adjacent channel radar data column vector y i With y i+1 The correlation coefficient of; N is the number of sampling points for each data; n is the serial number of the sampling point; when the correlation coefficient of two adjacent channels is greater than the preset coefficient threshold, it is determined that the reflected energy waveforms of the two adjacent channels are similar. i Multiply by the energy reduction factor to remove the area reflected energy; According to the radar data determined by cross-correlation processing, the radar electromagnetic data below the sleeper position is intercepted to calculate the radar energy curve of the ballast test box section, and the radar energy index of the ballast test box in multiple dirt level sections is determined according to the position distribution of the ballast test box.

9. The radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the radar energy index of the ballast test box in the multiple dirt level sections and the corresponding roadbed dirt index, a mathematical correlation model between radar electromagnetic energy and roadbed dirt index is established through regression fitting. The radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the detection vehicle is converted into an actual roadbed dirt physical index using the correlation model, which can be used for calibration of different roadbed-radar detection system platforms, and assist in detecting and evaluating the roadbed dirt status and making on-site overhaul and cleaning decisions, including: According to the radar energy indexes of the ballast test boxes in the sections of the plurality of pollution levels and the corresponding roadbed pollution indexes, the radar energy data are divided according to the layout positions of the ballast test boxes, the sampling intervals and the overlapping of adjacent ballast test boxes by one track, and the average values ​​of the radar energy indexes on the pillow end side and the track center side of the ballast test boxes in the sections of each pollution level of the ballasted conventional railway and the ballasted high-speed railway are calculated respectively, and the correlation scatter plots of the radar electromagnetic energy and the trackbed pollution index of the ballast test boxes of each pollution level on the pillow end side and the track center side of the ballasted conventional railway and the ballasted high-speed railway are drawn respectively; According to the correlation scatter plot, regression fitting is used to establish mathematical correlation models between radar electromagnetic energy and ballast bed contamination indicators on the sleeper end side and the track center side of ballasted conventional railway and ballasted high-speed railway respectively; wherein, the corresponding fitting relationship diagram between each group of radar energy indicators and ballast bed contamination indicators is used, and the least squares method is used for regression fitting to establish a mathematical correlation model between radar electromagnetic energy and ballast bed contamination indicators; The correlation model is used to convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the detection vehicle into the actual physical index of the roadbed contamination, which can be used for the calibration of different roadbed-radar detection system platforms, and assist in the detection and evaluation of the roadbed contamination status and on-site overhaul and cleaning decision-making.

10. A radar electromagnetic energy-ballast bed contamination calibration device, characterized in that: include: Ballast test chamber, wherein the ballast test chamber is set, manufactured and arranged based on the following methods: Setting ballast gradations corresponding to different levels of contamination, wherein the ballast gradations include at least ballast gradations for ballasted high-speed railways corresponding to a plurality of levels of contamination and ballast gradations for ballasted conventional railways corresponding to a plurality of levels of contamination; For the ballast gradations corresponding to the different dirt levels, a plurality of ballast test boxes for each of the ballast gradations are manufactured respectively; The ballast test box is placed according to the preset ballast test box layout method, and the graded ballast around the ballast test box is backfilled, sleepers, rails, fasteners or other track components are installed and adjusted, and the surface ballast is laid to complete the construction of the track bed calibration line with quantitative dirtiness level; The roadbed radar inspection vehicle is set up in the calibration line section to obtain radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box section corresponding to the ballast grading of different dirt levels; A data processing module is used to determine radar energy indicators of the ballast test box in multiple dirt level sections according to radar electromagnetic data of the ballast test box; The calibration module is used to establish a mathematical correlation model between radar electromagnetic energy and roadbed contamination index through regression fitting according to the radar energy index of the ballast test box in the multiple contamination level sections and the corresponding roadbed contamination index. The correlation model is used to convert the radar electromagnetic signal energy index on the detection vehicle into the actual roadbed contamination physical index. It can be used for calibration work of different roadbed-radar detection system platforms, and assist in detecting and evaluating the roadbed contamination status and making on-site overhaul and screening decisions.

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