Train brake disc running state monitoring method based on digital twinning and train

Abstract

The invention provides a train brake disc running state monitoring method based on digital twinning and a train, and is applied to the technical field of vehicle engineering and computer application. The method comprises the steps that based on material attribute parameters and heat-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc, heat-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is conducted on a brake disc finite element simulation model, and a heat-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc is obtained; adjusting parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc based on a heat-fluid-solid coupling real result of a brake power bench test of the brake disc and a heat-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model; performing model order reduction on the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twinborn body corresponding to the brake disc; and the detected vehicle operation data are mapped to the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, and the operation state of the brake disc is monitored in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical fields of vehicle engineering and computer application technologies, and more particularly, to a method for monitoring the operating state of a train brake disc based on digital twin and a train. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a train, the brake disc not only bears the vibration load from the axle, but also acts as a friction pair during the frequent braking process of the brake pads, bearing the action of braking thermal load. The working conditions are very harsh, and there is a risk of loosening of the fasteners of the brake disc bolts. Therefore, how to monitor the operating state of the brake disc in real time during its operation and predict its faults is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a method for monitoring the operating state of a train brake disc based on digital twin and a train.

[0004] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a method for monitoring the operating state of a train brake disc based on digital twin, including: performing thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis on a finite element simulation model of the brake disc based on the material property parameters and thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc to obtain the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, wherein the finite element simulation model of the brake disc is constructed by the geometric models of the brake disc body, the connection structure, and the bolts; adjusting the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc based on the thermo-fluid-solid real results of the brake disc during the brake dynamometer test and the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model; performing model order reduction on the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc; mapping the detected vehicle operation data into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc to monitor the operating state of the brake disc in real time.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters include heat flux density, convective heat transfer coefficient, pre-tightening force and impact stress applied to the connection between the brake disc body and the fasteners; the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results include the simulated temperature field, simulated thermal stress field, and simulated fastener axial force of the brake disc.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the material property parameters and thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc, a thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is performed on the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, including: determining the relevant parameters for the thermal load analysis of the brake disc based on the vehicle performance design parameters and operation index parameters; performing a thermodynamic analysis and a fluid mechanics analysis on the relevant parameters for the thermal load analysis of the brake disc to obtain the heat flux density and the convective heat transfer coefficient; based on the heat flux density, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the pre-tightening force, the impact stress, and the material property parameters of the brake disc, performing a thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis on the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain the simulated temperature field, the simulated thermal stress field, and the simulated fastener axial force at the connection between the brake disc body and the fastener.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermo-fluid-solid coupling true results include the true temperature field, the true thermal stress field, and the true fastener axial force obtained by the brake disc during the actual braking process.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the thermo-fluid-solid coupling true results of the brake power bench test of the brake disc and the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model, including: obtaining the change in the true fastener axial force, the true temperature corresponding to the moment of the maximum temperature rise, and the true thermal stress according to the true temperature field, the true thermal stress field, and the true fastener axial force of the brake disc; obtaining the change in the simulated fastener axial force, the simulated temperature corresponding to the moment of the maximum simulated temperature rise, and the simulated thermal stress according to the simulated temperature field, the simulated thermal stress field, and the simulated fastener axial force of the brake disc; determining a first error between the change in the true fastener axial force and the change in the simulated fastener axial force, a second error between the true temperature and the simulated temperature, and a third error between the true thermal stress and the simulated thermal stress; based on the first error, the second error, and the third error, adjusting the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the first error, the second error, and the third error, the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model, including: in response to at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error not satisfying the preset error threshold range, adjusting the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in response to at least one of a first error, a second error, and a third error not satisfying a preset error threshold range, parameters of a finite element simulation model of a brake disc are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model, including: in response to at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error not satisfying the preset error threshold range, analyzing the correlation degree between the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc and the parameters of the finite element simulation model, and determining the parameters of the finite element simulation model to be adjusted; adjusting the parameters of the finite element simulation model to be adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, model order reduction is performed on the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, including: determining a plurality of preset finite element simulation model parameters as input conditions for the optimized finite element simulation model; generating calculation results under a plurality of input conditions of the preset finite element simulation model parameters through the optimized finite element simulation model; establishing a correlation relationship between the plurality of input conditions of the preset finite element simulation model parameters and the calculation results, and using the correlation relationship as training data for generating the digital twin; based on the training data, using a simulation model order reduction algorithm to perform model order reduction on the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the detected vehicle operation data is mapped into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc to perform real-time monitoring of the operating state of the brake disc, including: inputting the vehicle operation data collected by real-time calling of vehicle sensors into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, and outputting the real-time temperature field, real-time thermal stress field, and real-time fastener axial force change of the brake disc; performing real-time thermal load monitoring on the real-time temperature field and real-time thermal stress field; performing real-time axial force analysis on the real-time fastener axial force change to achieve real-time monitoring of the operating state of the brake disc.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes: using a temperature-stress composite evaluation diagram to analyze the real-time thermal load monitoring result to obtain a thermal load analysis result; based on the thermal load analysis result and the real-time axial force analysis result, performing fault prediction on the operating state of the brake disc.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes: in the design stage of the brake disc, inputting the design variables of the brake disc into the digital twin to perform simulation iteration and structural optimization on the brake disc to be optimized.

[0015] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a train, including:

[0016] A vehicle body, which is internally configured with vehicle sensors for detecting vehicle operation data of the vehicle;

[0017] An edge computing device, configured to have a communication connection with the vehicle sensor, on which a digital twin of a brake disc is deployed, the edge computing device includes:

[0018] One or more processors;

[0019] A memory for storing one or more programs,

[0020] Wherein, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the above method.

[0021] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions that are used to implement the above method when executed.

[0022] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program product that includes computer-executable instructions that are used to implement the above method when executed.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, through performing a thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis on the finite element simulation model of the brake disc, comparing the results of the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis with the real results of the thermal-fluid-solid coupling, and optimizing the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc based on the comparison results, an optimized finite element simulation model is obtained. Based on the model reduction of the optimized finite element simulation model, a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc is generated, and the vehicle performance parameters of the real-time operation of the brake disc are mapped to the digital twin to monitor the real-time operation state of the brake disc. Because the technical means of using the digital twin corresponding to the constructed brake disc to monitor the operation state of the brake disc in real time is adopted, at least partially overcome the technical problems in the related art that the operation state of the brake disc cannot be monitored in real time and the fault prediction cannot be performed during the application stage of the brake disc. Furthermore, the technical effect of being able to quickly respond to the operation state of the brake disc during operation based on the digital twin and realize real-time monitoring is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become clearer. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 Schematically shows an exemplary system architecture of a method and device for monitoring the operation state of a train brake disc based on digital twin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematically shows a flowchart of a method for monitoring the operation state of a train brake disc based on digital twin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 3Schematically shows a flowchart of a method for model order reduction of an optimized finite element simulation model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematically shows a schematic diagram of a method for monitoring the operating state of a train brake disc based on digital twin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematically shows a block diagram of a device for monitoring the operating state of a train brake disc based on digital twin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0030] Figure 6 Schematically shows a block diagram of an edge computing device suitable for implementing a method for monitoring the operating state of a train brake disc based on digital twin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In the following detailed description, for the sake of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it is obvious that one or more embodiments can also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present disclosure.

[0032] The terms used herein are merely for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. The terms "including", "comprising" and the like used herein indicate the presence of features, steps, operations and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0033] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0034] In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C", generally, it should be interpreted according to the meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but not be limited to a system having only A, only B, only C, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.).

[0035] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, in aspects such as the collection, update, analysis, processing, use, transmission, provision, disclosure, storage, etc. of the involved data (for example, including but not limited to user personal information), it complies with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations, is used for legal purposes, and does not violate public order and good customs. In particular, necessary measures are taken for user personal information to prevent illegal access to user personal information data and to safeguard the security of user personal information, network security, and national security.

[0036] In related technologies, during the vehicle design phase, multi-physics field coupling simulation is generally used to perform simulation calculations on the braking thermal load analysis of the brake disc and the axial force analysis of the fasteners according to established design indicators. However, this method has problems such as low accuracy of simulation calculation results, low calculation efficiency, and inability to monitor the operating status of the brake disc in real time during the application phase.

[0037] In view of this, the present disclosure provides a method for monitoring the operating status of a train brake disc based on digital twin, including: performing thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis on a brake disc finite element simulation model based on the material property parameters and thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc to obtain the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, where the brake disc finite element simulation model is constructed through the geometric models of the brake disc body, connection structure, and bolts; adjusting the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model based on the thermo-fluid-solid coupling real results of the brake disc's brake dynamometer bench test and the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model; performing model order reduction on the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc; mapping the detected vehicle operation data into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc to monitor the operating status of the brake disc in real time.

[0038] Figure 1 An exemplary system architecture of a method and device for monitoring the operating status of a train brake disc based on digital twin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0039] The exemplary system architecture of the method and device for monitoring the operating status of a train brake disc based on digital twin of the present disclosure. It should be noted that Figure 1 The shown is only an example of the system architecture to which the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present disclosure, but it does not mean that the embodiments of the present disclosure cannot be used in other devices, systems, environments, or scenarios.

[0040] As Figure 1 shown, the system architecture 100 according to this embodiment may include a train vehicle 101, a network 102, and a server 103. The network 102 is used to provide a medium for a communication link between the train vehicle 101 and the server 103. The network 102 may include various connection types, such as wired and / or wireless communication links, etc.

[0041] Multiple vehicle sensors may be installed on the train vehicle 101 for detecting the vehicle operation data of the train. The train vehicle 101 may also include an edge computing device, which can interact with the server 103 through the network 102 to receive the detected vehicle operation data for analyzing the operation state of the vehicle brake disc.

[0042] The server 103 may be a server that provides various services, such as a background management server (only for example) that supports the websites browsed by users using the first terminal device 101, the second terminal device 102, and the third terminal device 103. The background management server may analyze and process data such as user requests received, and feedback the processing results (such as web pages, information, or data obtained or generated according to user requests) to the terminal device.

[0043] It should be noted that the method for monitoring the operation state of the train brake disc based on digital twin provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can generally be executed by the server 103. Correspondingly, the device for monitoring the operation state of the train brake disc based on digital twin provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can generally be arranged in the server 103. The method for monitoring the operation state of the train brake disc based on digital twin provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be executed by a server or a server cluster different from the server 103 and capable of communicating with the train vehicle 101 and / or the server 103. Correspondingly, the device for monitoring the operation state of the train brake disc based on digital twin provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can also be arranged in a server or a server cluster different from the server 103 and capable of communicating with the train vehicle 101 and / or the server 103.

[0044] Figure 2 The flowchart of the method for monitoring the operation state of the train brake disc based on digital twin according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0045] As Figure 2 shown, the method includes operations S210 to S240.

[0046] In operation S210, based on the material property parameters and the thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc, a thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is performed on the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc. Among them, the finite element simulation model of the brake disc is constructed by the geometric models of the brake disc body, the connecting structure, and the bolts.

[0047] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, the material property parameters of the brake disc may include property parameters such as the brake disc material, the maximum working temperature, the elastic modulus, the tensile strength, the wear resistance, the hardness, the heat resistance, and the fatigue resistance.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters can be various loads generated by the interaction between solid substances and fluids during the thermo-fluid-solid coupling process.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a finite element simulation model of the brake disc can be established based on the geometric models of the brake disc body, the connection mechanism, and the bolts.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, thermo-fluid-solid coupling can be the mutual coupling of thermal stresses generated by heat conduction in solids and the effects of displacement, deformation, heat transfer, and phase change of solids. The thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results can include the simulated temperature field, simulated thermal stress field, and simulated fastener axial force of the brake disc.

[0051] In operation S220, based on the thermo-fluid-solid coupling real results of the brake power bench test of the brake disc and the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermo-fluid-solid coupling real results are obtained based on the brake power bench test of the brake disc principle prototype. The thermo-fluid-solid coupling real results can include the real temperature field, real thermal stress field, and real fastener axial force of the brake disc. It should be noted that the thermo-fluid-solid coupling real results are not obtained during the actual operation stage of the train brake disc, but are the results obtained by simulating the real operation environment on the power bench.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results can be compared with the thermo-fluid-solid coupling real results. Based on the comparison results, the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model are adjusted; then, using the adjusted brake disc finite element simulation model, new thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results are obtained based on step S210, and the new thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results are compared with the thermo-fluid-solid coupling real results until the comparison results meet the preset threshold range, and the adjustment of the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model is stopped to obtain a high-precision finite element simulation model, that is, an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0054] In operation S230, model order reduction is performed on the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc.

[0055] In operation S240, the detected vehicle operation data is mapped into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc to monitor the operation state of the brake disc in real time.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the process of model order reduction is to reduce a high-dimensional model to a low-dimensional model, which can significantly reduce the calculation time and storage space of the complex model while retaining the basic characteristics and dominant effects of the model.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optimized finite element simulation model can be reduced in order to obtain a lightweight reduced-order model. And the measured data is input in real time, and it is applied and displayed by updating the contour map in real time, so as to achieve the rapid response of the digital twin.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the vehicle operation data can be collected by vehicle sensors. The vehicle operation data may include the initial braking speed, braking deceleration, axle box vibration acceleration, vehicle weight, ambient temperature, etc. of the vehicle.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the detected vehicle operation data can be mapped to the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc in real time to realize a three-dimensional geometric model, and the operating state of the brake disc can be monitored in real time, and the temperature field, thermal stress field and fastener axial force of the brake disc can be displayed in real time.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is performed on the brake disc finite element simulation model, and the results of the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis are compared with the real results of the thermal-fluid-solid coupling. And based on the comparison results, the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model are optimized to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model. Based on the model reduction of the optimized finite element simulation model, a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc is generated, and the vehicle performance parameters of the brake disc running in real time are mapped to the digital twin to monitor the running state of the brake disc in real time. Because the technical means of monitoring the running state of the brake disc in real time based on the constructed digital twin corresponding to the brake disc is adopted, at least partially overcome the technical problems in the related art that the running state of the brake disc cannot be monitored in real time and the fault prediction cannot be performed during the application stage of the brake disc. Furthermore, the technical effect of being able to quickly respond to the running state of the brake disc during operation based on the digital twin and realize real-time monitoring is achieved.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the material property parameters and thermal-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc, a thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is performed on the brake disc finite element simulation model to obtain the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, including:

[0062] Based on the vehicle performance design parameters and operation index parameters, the relevant parameters for the thermal load analysis of the brake disc are determined; a thermodynamic analysis and a fluid mechanics analysis are performed on the relevant parameters for the thermal load analysis of the brake disc to obtain the heat flux density and the convective heat transfer coefficient; based on the heat flux density, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the pre-tightening force, the impact stress and the material property parameters of the brake disc, a thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is performed on the brake disc finite element simulation model to obtain the simulation temperature field, the simulation thermal stress field and the simulation fastener axial force at the connection between the brake disc body and the fastener.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameters related to the heat load analysis can be parameters related to the heat load analysis, such as axle load, rotating mass, initial braking speed, inner and outer diameters of the brake disc, braking deceleration, etc.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat-fluid-solid external load parameters can include heat flux density, convective heat transfer coefficient, pre-tightening force and impact stress applied to the connection between the brake disc body and the fasteners.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat flux density of the train brake disc at different times can be calculated by using the parameters related to the heat load analysis and adopting the uniform heat source method according to the heat transfer analysis principle.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the convective heat transfer coefficient of different surfaces of the brake disc can be obtained by using the parameters related to the heat load analysis and performing the braking transient calculation through the fluid dynamics calculation method.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the finite element simulation model of the brake disc, the bolt connection between the brake disc body and the wheel can be simulated, a pre-tightening force can be applied to the finite element simulation model of the brake disc, and on the basis of applying the pre-tightening force, an impact force can be applied again to ensure the normal deformation of the brake disc body.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the heat flux density, convective heat transfer coefficient, pre-tightening force and impact stress are used as the heat-fluid-solid external loads, and together with the material property parameters of the brake disc, they are input into the finite element simulation model of the brake disc for heat-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis, so as to calculate the simulated temperature field, simulated thermal stress and simulated fastener axial force of the brake disc.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the heat-fluid-solid coupling real results of the brake power bench test of the brake disc and the heat-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model, including:

[0070] According to the real temperature field, real thermal stress field and real fastener axial force of the brake disc, obtain the real change of the fastener axial force, the real temperature and real thermal stress corresponding to the moment of maximum temperature rise; according to the simulated temperature field, simulated thermal stress field and simulated fastener axial force of the brake disc, obtain the simulated change of the fastener axial force, the simulated temperature and simulated thermal stress corresponding to the moment of maximum simulated temperature rise; determine the first error between the real change of the fastener axial force and the simulated change of the fastener axial force, the second error between the real temperature and the simulated temperature, and the third error between the real thermal stress and the simulated thermal stress; based on the first error, the second error and the third error, adjust the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on a first error, a second error, and a third error, the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model, including: in response to at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error not satisfying a preset error threshold range, adjusting the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in response to the first error, the second error, and the third error all satisfying the preset error threshold range, the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model, including: in response to at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error not satisfying the preset error threshold range, analyzing the correlation degree between the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc and the parameters of the finite element simulation model, determining the parameters of the finite element simulation model to be adjusted; adjusting the parameters of the finite element simulation model to be adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc may include the thermal physical properties parameters of the brake disc, elastic modulus, etc. The thermal physical properties parameters are key indicators describing the properties and behaviors of materials in a thermal environment. It may include specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, etc. of the material.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the optimized finite element simulation model is obtained by adjusting the parameters of the finite element simulation model through the following iterative method. Specifically, for the first round of iteration, the material property parameters and thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc are input into the finite element simulation model of the brake disc for thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis to obtain the simulation temperature field, simulation thermal stress field, and simulation fastener axial force corresponding to the first round of iteration. Obtain the simulation temperature and simulation thermal stress corresponding to the moment of maximum simulation temperature rise from the simulation temperature field and simulation thermal stress field corresponding to the first round, as well as the change in the simulation fastener axial force.

[0075] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, machine learning algorithms such as neural networks can be used to determine the first error between the change in the simulation fastener axial force and the change in the actual fastener axial force, the second error between the simulation temperature and the actual temperature, and the third error between the simulation thermal stress and the actual thermal stress. If at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error does not satisfy the preset error threshold range, then the sensitivity analysis method is used to determine the sensitivity degree, that is, the correlation degree, of the simulation temperature, simulation thermal stress, and change in the simulation fastener axial force to the changes in different finite element simulation model parameters, determine the parameters of the finite element simulation model to be adjusted, and adjust the parameters of the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model corresponding to the first round of iteration.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, input the material property parameters of the brake disc and the thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters into the optimized finite element simulation model corresponding to the first round of iteration. Using the above method, obtain the simulation temperature and simulation thermal stress corresponding to the moment with the maximum simulation temperature rise in the simulation temperature field and simulation thermal stress field corresponding to the second round of iteration, as well as the change in the simulation fastener axial force. Based on the first error between the change in the simulation fastener axial force and the change in the actual fastener axial force, the second error between the simulation temperature and the actual temperature, and the third error between the simulation thermal stress and the actual thermal stress, if it is determined that at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error does not meet the preset error threshold range, then use the sensitivity analysis method to determine the sensitivity of the simulation temperature, simulation thermal stress, and change in the simulation fastener axial force to the changes in different finite element simulation model parameters, that is, the correlation degree, determine the finite element simulation model parameters to be adjusted, and adjust the finite element simulation model parameters of the brake disc to obtain the optimized finite element simulation model corresponding to the second round of iteration.

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the above method, continuously update the optimized finite element simulation model corresponding to the previous round of iteration, and predict the finite element simulation model parameters to be adjusted based on the model simulation results until the first error between the change in the simulation fastener axial force and the change in the actual fastener axial force, the second error between the simulation temperature and the actual temperature, and the third error between the simulation thermal stress and the actual thermal stress. If it is determined that the first error, the second error, and the third error all meet the preset error threshold range, then stop the iteration. At this time, the corresponding finite element simulation model is the target optimized finite element simulation model, that is, a high-precision finite element simulation model.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset error threshold range can be 3% - 5%. For example, it can be 3%, 4%, or 5%.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, compared with the inefficient method of adjusting model parameters through experience and repeated trial and error in the prior art, the above method for obtaining a high-precision finite element simulation model has high self-adaptability and high efficiency.

[0080] Figure 3 Schematically shows a flowchart of a method for model order reduction of an optimized finite element simulation model according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0081] As Figure 3 shown, the method 300 includes: operations S310 - S340.

[0082] In operation S310, determine multiple preset finite element simulation model parameters as input conditions for the optimized finite element simulation model.

[0083] In operation S320, calculation results under multiple preset finite element simulation model parameter input conditions are generated through the optimized finite element simulation model.

[0084] In operation S330, a correlation relationship between multiple preset finite element simulation model parameter input conditions and the calculation results is established, and the correlation relationship is used as training data for generating the digital twin.

[0085] In operation S340, based on the training data, the optimized finite element simulation model is reduced in order by using a simulation model reduction algorithm to generate the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset finite element simulation model parameters may include at least one of the material property parameters of the brake disc, the axle load, the initial braking speed, the acceleration, the braking deceleration, and the axle box vibration acceleration.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, through the optimized finite element simulation model, the calculation results of the preset finite element simulation model parameters of the corresponding brake disc can be calculated by using the Latin hypercube method or the Monte Carlo method.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is a mutual correlation between the preset finite element simulation model parameters and the calculation results, and the determined correlation relationship between the preset finite element simulation model parameters and the calculation results can be used as the training data for the digital twin.

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a certain proportion of the training data can be selected to reduce the order of the optimized finite element simulation model, the data preprocessing is performed on the certain proportion of the training data, and the optimized finite element simulation model is reduced in order by using the simulation model reduction algorithm to establish a reduced-order model between the preset finite element simulation model parameters as input conditions and the output calculation results, thereby generating a lightweight and high-fidelity digital twin corresponding to the brake disc.

[0090] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, by establishing a digital twin of the brake disc, the traditional high-dimensional finite element simulation model can be reduced to a high-fidelity low-dimensional digital twin. By analyzing the changes in the temperature field, thermal stress field, and fastener axial force of the brake disc through calculating different operating data of the brake disc on the digital twin, the calculation time can be greatly shortened, and the calculation efficiency and calculation accuracy can be improved.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the detected vehicle operation data is mapped into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc to monitor the operation state of the brake disc in real time, including: inputting the vehicle operation data collected by real-time calling the vehicle sensors into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, and outputting the real-time temperature field, real-time thermal stress field and real-time change of fastener axial force of the brake disc; performing real-time thermal load monitoring on the real-time temperature field and real-time thermal stress field; performing real-time axial force analysis on the real-time change of fastener axial force to realize real-time monitoring of the operation state of the brake disc.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the product loading and application stage, the vehicle operation data collected by real-time calling the vehicle sensors can be input into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, and the real-time temperature field, real-time thermal stress field and real-time fastener axial force of the brake disc are displayed based on the high-fidelity brake disc digital twin.

[0093] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, real-time thermal load monitoring can be performed on the real-time temperature field and real-time thermal stress field of the brake disc to obtain real-time thermal load monitoring values, that is, real-time temperature and real-time thermal stress. Real-time online analysis of the change of real-time fastener axial force is performed to obtain real-time fastener axial force monitoring values.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes: using a temperature-stress composite evaluation diagram to analyze the real-time thermal load monitoring results to obtain thermal load analysis results; based on the thermal load analysis results and real-time axial force analysis results, performing fault prediction on the operation state of the brake disc.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a temperature-stress composite evaluation diagram can be used to perform online and rapid evaluation on the real-time thermal load monitoring results to obtain thermal load analysis results. If the thermal load analysis results meet the preset thermal load analysis result range, it indicates that the thermal load of the brake disc is normal.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, if the real-time axial force analysis results meet the preset axial force analysis results, it indicates that the fasteners of the brake disc are in normal use state.

[0097] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, if the thermal load analysis results do not meet the preset thermal load analysis results, it indicates that the thermal load of the brake disc is abnormal; if the real-time axial force analysis results do not meet the preset axial force analysis results, it indicates that the fasteners of the brake disc, such as bolts, may be loose or broken.

[0098] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, based on the above analysis results, the digital twin can be used to realize real-time monitoring and estimation of the operation state of the brake disc, and play a role in fault prediction, so as to avoid vehicle failures, realize predictive maintenance, reduce maintenance costs, and improve maintenance quality and efficiency.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method further includes: in the design stage of the brake disc, inputting the design variables of the brake disc into the digital twin, and performing simulation iteration and structural optimization on the brake disc to be optimized.

[0100] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the design variables of the brake disc may be changes in the parameters set in the design stage of the brake disc. For example, changes in material property parameters, changes in design structure parameters, changes in structural dimensions, etc.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in the design stage, the high-fidelity digital twin of the brake disc can quickly respond to changes in design variables, and can achieve fast and accurate simulation iteration and brake disc structural optimization in the design stage, thereby improving the design quality and iteration speed.

[0102] Figure 4 The figure schematically shows a schematic diagram of a method for monitoring the operating state of a train brake disc based on digital twin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0103] As Figure 4 shown, in the schematic diagram 400, based on the vehicle performance design parameters and the operation index parameters 401, the relevant parameters 402 for the thermal load analysis of the brake disc are determined. Based on the relevant parameters for the thermal load analysis, the heat flux density 403-1 of the train brake disc at different times is calculated by using the uniform heat source method, the convective heat transfer coefficient 403-2 of the brake disc is obtained through transient calculation by fluid mechanics, and the pre-tightening force applied at the connection between the disc body and the fastener and the impact stress applied to the disc body 403-3 are calculated. The heat flux density 403-1, the convective heat transfer coefficient 403-2, the pre-tightening force, and the impact stress 403-3 are used as the heat-fluid-solid external load parameters 403, and are input into the finite element simulation model of the brake disc together with the material property parameters 404 of the brake disc to calculate the simulated temperature field, the simulated thermal stress field, and the simulated fastener axial force 405 of the brake disc. Then, the above simulation results are compared with the results of the brake disc bench test 406 to determine whether the maximum temperature difference, the maximum thermal stress error, and the maximum fastener axial force error are all within the preset error range 407. If not satisfied, adjust the parameters of the finite element simulation model, and continue to compare the simulation results with the bench test results until the preset error range is satisfied, and an optimized finite element simulation model 408 is obtained. The optimized finite element simulation model is reduced in order to generate the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc 409. In the design stage, it is judged whether the design requirements are met after the optimized design 410. If the design requirements are not met, the digital twin can quickly respond to the design variables, and achieve fast and accurate simulation iteration and brake disc structural optimization for the brake disc design. If the design requirements are met, in the stage of the brake disc product being installed and applied on the vehicle, the digital twin and the detection system are installed on the vehicle 411, the vehicle operation data 412 collected by the vehicle sensors is obtained, and real-time state monitoring and fault prediction 413 are performed on the changes in the temperature field, the thermal stress field, and the fastener axial force of the brake disc.

[0104] Figure 5 Schematically shows a block diagram of a train brake disc operating state monitoring device based on digital twin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0105] As Figure 5 shown, the device 500 includes: a simulation analysis module 510, a parameter adjustment module 520, a model reduction module 530, and a real-time monitoring module 540.

[0106] The simulation analysis module 510 is configured to perform a thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis on a brake disc finite element simulation model based on the material property parameters of the brake disc and the thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters, and obtain the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, wherein the brake disc finite element simulation model is constructed by the geometric models of the brake disc body, the connection structure, and the bolts.

[0107] The parameter adjustment module 520 is configured to adjust the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model based on the thermo-fluid-solid coupling real results of the brake disc dynamometer test and the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, and obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0108] The model reduction module 530 is configured to perform model reduction on the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc.

[0109] The real-time monitoring module 540 is configured to map the detected vehicle operation data into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, and perform real-time monitoring on the operating state of the brake disc.

[0110] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermo-fluid-solid external load parameters include heat flux density, convective heat transfer coefficient, pre-tightening force and impact stress applied to the connection between the brake disc body and the fasteners; the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results include the simulated temperature field, simulated thermal stress field, and simulated fastener axial force of the brake disc.

[0111] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the simulation analysis module 510 includes: a parameter determination sub-module, a parameter analysis sub-module, and a simulation analysis sub-module.

[0112] The parameter determination sub-module is configured to determine the parameters related to the thermal load analysis of the brake disc based on the vehicle performance design parameters and the operation index parameters.

[0113] The parameter analysis sub-module is configured to perform thermodynamic analysis and fluid mechanics analysis on the parameters related to the thermal load analysis of the brake disc to obtain the heat flux density and the convective heat transfer coefficient.

[0114] The simulation analysis sub-module is used to perform thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis on the brake disc finite element simulation model based on the heat flux density, convective heat transfer coefficient, pre-tightening force, impact stress, and material property parameters of the brake disc, and obtain the simulation temperature field, simulation thermal stress field, and simulation fastener axial force at the connection between the brake disc body and the fastener.

[0115] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the thermo-fluid-solid coupling true results include the true temperature field, true thermal stress field, and true fastener axial force obtained by the brake disc during actual braking.

[0116] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameter adjustment module 520 includes: a true result acquisition sub-module, a simulation result acquisition sub-module, an error determination sub-module, and a parameter adjustment sub-module.

[0117] The true result acquisition sub-module is used to obtain the change in the true fastener axial force, the true temperature corresponding to the moment of maximum temperature rise, and the true thermal stress based on the true temperature field, true thermal stress field, and true fastener axial force of the brake disc.

[0118] The simulation result acquisition sub-module is used to obtain the change in the simulation fastener axial force, the simulation temperature corresponding to the moment of maximum simulation temperature rise, and the simulation thermal stress based on the simulation temperature field, simulation thermal stress field, and simulation fastener axial force of the brake disc.

[0119] The error determination sub-module determines the first error between the change in the true fastener axial force and the change in the simulation fastener axial force, the second error between the true temperature and the simulation temperature, and the third error between the true thermal stress and the simulation thermal stress;

[0120] The parameter adjustment sub-module is used to adjust the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model based on the first error, the second error, and the third error to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0121] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameter adjustment sub-module includes: a parameter adjustment unit.

[0122] The parameter adjustment unit is used to adjust the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model in response to at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error not satisfying the preset error threshold range, and obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the parameter adjustment unit includes: a parameter determination sub-unit and a parameter adjustment sub-unit.

[0124] The parameter determination sub-unit is used to analyze the correlation between the thermo-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc and the parameters of the finite element simulation model in response to at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error not satisfying the preset error threshold range, and determine the parameters of the finite element simulation model to be adjusted.

[0125] A parameter adjustment subunit for adjusting the parameters of the finite element simulation model to be adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

[0126] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the model order reduction module 530 includes: an input condition determination sub-module, a result generation sub-module, a relationship establishment sub-module, and a model order reduction sub-module.

[0127] The input condition determination sub-module is used to determine a plurality of preset finite element simulation model parameters as the input conditions of the optimized finite element simulation model.

[0128] The result generation sub-module is used to generate calculation results under the input conditions of a plurality of preset finite element simulation model parameters through the optimized finite element simulation model.

[0129] The relationship establishment sub-module is used to establish an association relationship between the input conditions of a plurality of preset finite element simulation model parameters and the calculation results, and use the association relationship as the training data for generating the digital twin.

[0130] The model order reduction sub-module is used to perform model order reduction on the optimized finite element simulation model based on the training data using the simulation model order reduction algorithm to generate the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc.

[0131] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the real-time monitoring module 540 includes: a parameter input sub-module, a thermal load monitoring sub-module, and an axial force analysis sub-module.

[0132] The parameter input sub-module is used to input the vehicle operation data collected by real-time calling the vehicle sensors into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, and output the real-time temperature field, real-time thermal stress field, and real-time fastener axial force change of the brake disc.

[0133] The thermal load monitoring sub-module is used to perform real-time thermal load monitoring on the real-time temperature field and the real-time thermal stress field.

[0134] The axial force analysis sub-module is used to perform real-time axial force analysis on the real-time fastener axial force change to realize real-time monitoring of the operation state of the brake disc.

[0135] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the device 500 further includes: a monitoring result analysis module and a fault prediction module.

[0136] The monitoring result analysis module is used to analyze the real-time thermal load monitoring results using the temperature-stress composite evaluation diagram to obtain the thermal load analysis results.

[0137] The fault prediction module is used to perform fault prediction on the operation state of the brake disc based on the thermal load analysis results and the real-time axial force analysis results.

[0138] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, it further includes: an iterative optimization module.

[0139] The iterative optimization module is configured to input the design variables of the brake disc into the digital twin during the brake disc design stage, and perform simulation iteration and structural optimization on the brake disc to be optimized.

[0140] Any plurality of modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units according to the embodiments of the present disclosure, or at least part of the functions of any of them can be implemented in one module. Any one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be split into multiple modules for implementation. Any one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented by any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging the circuit in hardware or firmware, or implemented in any one of the three implementation manners of software, hardware, and firmware, or in an appropriate combination of any several of them. Alternatively, one or more of the modules, sub-modules, units, and sub-units according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, and when the computer program module is run, the corresponding functions can be executed.

[0141] For example, any combination of the simulation analysis module 510, the parameter adjustment module 520, the model order reduction module 530, and the real-time monitoring module 540 can be integrated and implemented in one module / sub-module / unit / sub-unit, or any one of these modules / sub-modules / units / sub-units can be split into multiple modules / sub-modules / units / sub-units. Alternatively, at least part of the functions of one or more of these modules / sub-modules / units / sub-units can be combined with at least part of the functions of other modules / sub-modules / units / sub-units and implemented in one module / sub-module / unit / sub-unit. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, at least one of the simulation analysis module 510, the parameter adjustment module 520, the model order reduction module 530, and the real-time monitoring module 540 can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system-on-chip, a system-on-substrate, a system-on-package, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging circuits, etc., implemented by hardware or firmware, or implemented in any one of the three implementation manners of software, hardware, and firmware, or in an appropriate combination of any several of them. Alternatively, at least one of the identity simulation analysis module 510, the parameter adjustment module 520, the model order reduction module 530, and the real-time monitoring module 540 can be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, which can execute corresponding functions when the computer program module is run.

[0142] It should be noted that the part of the train brake disc operating state monitoring device based on digital twin in the embodiments of the present disclosure corresponds to the part of the data processing method in the embodiments of the present disclosure. For the description of the part of the train brake disc operating state monitoring device based on digital twin, please refer to the part of the train brake disc operating state monitoring method based on digital twin, and details will not be repeated here.

[0143] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a train, which includes a vehicle body and an edge computing device.

[0144] The vehicle body is internally configured with vehicle sensors for detecting vehicle operation data of the vehicle.

[0145] The edge computing device is configured to have a communication connection with the vehicle sensors. A brake disc digital twin is deployed on the edge computing device, and the edge computing device includes:

[0146] One or more processors;

[0147] A memory for storing one or more programs,

[0148] Wherein, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the above method.

[0149] Figure 6 Schematically shows a block diagram of an edge computing device suitable for implementing the method described above according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 The illustrated electronic device is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functions and usage scope of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0150] As Figure 6 shown, the electronic device 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a processor 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 602 or a program loaded from a storage section 608 into a random access memory (RAM) 603. The processor 601 may include, for example, a general microprocessor (such as a CPU), an instruction set processor, and / or a related chipset, and / or a dedicated microprocessor (such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), and so on. The processor 601 may also include on-board memory for caching purposes. The processor 601 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0151] In the RAM 603, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 600 are stored. The processor 601, the ROM 602, and the RAM 603 are connected to each other through a bus 604. The processor 601 performs various operations of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the programs in the ROM 602 and / or the RAM 603. It should be noted that the program may also be stored in one or more memories other than the ROM 602 and the RAM 603. The processor 601 may also perform various operations of the method flow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure by executing the programs stored in one or more memories.

[0152] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic device 600 may further include an input / output (I / O) interface 605, and the input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604. The electronic device 600 may further include one or more of the following components connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 605: an input portion 606 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output portion 607 including, for example, a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc. and a speaker, etc.; a storage portion 608 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication portion 609 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, etc. The communication portion 609 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 610 is also connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 605 as needed. A removable medium 611, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 610 as needed so that a computer program read from thereon is installed into the storage portion 608 as needed.

[0153] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method flow according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a computer program product including a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program codes for performing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network through the communication portion 609, and / or installed from the removable medium 611. When the computer program is executed by the processor 601, the above functions defined in the system of the embodiment of the present disclosure are performed. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-described system, device, apparatus, module, unit, etc. may be implemented by computer program modules.

[0154] The present disclosure also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or may exist separately without being assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The above computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, and when the above one or more programs are executed, the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is implemented.

[0155] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. For example, it may include but is not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and the program can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0156] For example, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the computer-readable storage medium may include one or more memories other than the above-described ROM 602 and / or RAM 603 and / or ROM 602 and RAM 603.

[0157] An embodiment of the present disclosure also includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program that contains program code for executing the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. When the computer program product runs on an electronic device, the program code is used to cause the electronic device to implement the method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0158] When the computer program is executed by the processor 601, the above functions defined in the system / apparatus of the embodiment of the present disclosure are executed. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the above-described systems, apparatuses, modules, units, etc. may be implemented by computer program modules.

[0159] In one embodiment, the computer program may rely on tangible storage media such as optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, etc. In another embodiment, the computer program may also be transmitted and distributed in the form of a signal on a network medium, and downloaded and installed through the communication part 609, and / or installed from the removable medium 611. The program code contained in the computer program may be transmitted by any suitable network medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0160] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, program code for executing the computer programs provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computing programs can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. The programming languages include, but are not limited to, programming languages such as Java, C++, Python, the "C" language, or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving a remote computing device, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (for example, by using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0161] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code that contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks can occur in a different order than that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks shown can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. Those skilled in the art can understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present disclosure. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present disclosure, the features described in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined and / or combined in various ways. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

[0162] The above describes the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Although the embodiments are described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used advantageously in combination. Without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A train brake disc operating status monitoring method based on digital twin, characterized in that: The method comprises: Based on the material property parameters and thermal-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc, a thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is performed on the finite element simulation model of the brake disc to obtain the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc, wherein the finite element simulation model of the brake disc is constructed through the geometric models of the brake disc body, the connection structure and the bolts; Based on the actual results of thermal-fluid-solid coupling of the brake disc's brake power bench test and the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation results of the brake disc, the parameters of the brake disc's finite element simulation model are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model; Performing model order reduction on the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc; The detected vehicle operation data is mapped to the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, and the operation status of the brake disc is monitored in real time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The thermal-fluid-solid external load parameters include heat flux density, convection heat transfer coefficient, preload and impact stress applied to the connection between the brake disc body and the fastener; the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation results include the simulated temperature field, simulated thermal stress field and simulated fastener axial force of the brake disc; The thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is performed on the finite element simulation model of the brake disc based on the material property parameters and the thermal-fluid-solid external load parameters of the brake disc to obtain the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc, including: Determining thermal load analysis related parameters of the brake disc based on vehicle performance design parameters and operation index parameters; Performing thermodynamic analysis and fluid dynamic analysis on the parameters related to the heat load analysis of the brake disc to obtain the heat flux density and convection heat transfer coefficient; Based on the heat flux density, the convective heat transfer coefficient, the preload force, the impact stress and the material property parameters of the brake disc, a thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation analysis is performed on the brake disc finite element simulation model to obtain the simulated temperature field, simulated thermal stress field and simulated fastener axial force at the connection between the brake disc body and the fastener.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The real results of thermal-fluid-solid coupling include the real temperature field, real thermal stress field and real fastener axial force obtained by the brake disc during the actual braking process; The actual result of the thermal-fluid-solid coupling of the brake disc brake power bench test and the thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc are used to adjust the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model, including: According to the real temperature field, real thermal stress field and real fastener axial force of the brake disc, obtain the real fastener axial force change, the real temperature and real thermal stress corresponding to the maximum temperature rise moment; According to the simulated temperature field, simulated thermal stress field and simulated fastener axial force of the brake disc, obtain the simulated fastener axial force change, the simulated temperature and simulated thermal stress corresponding to the maximum time of simulated temperature rise; Determining a first error between the actual fastener axial force change and the simulated fastener axial force change, a second error between the actual temperature and the simulated temperature, and a third error between the actual thermal stress and the simulated thermal stress; Based on the first error, the second error and the third error, the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The adjusting the parameters of the brake disc finite element simulation model based on the first error, the second error and the third error to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model includes: In response to at least one of the first error, the second error and the third error not satisfying a preset error threshold range, the brake disc finite element simulation model parameters are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that In response to at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error not satisfying a preset error threshold range, adjusting the brake disc finite element simulation model parameters to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model, including: In response to at least one of the first error, the second error, and the third error not satisfying a preset error threshold range, analyzing a correlation between a thermal-fluid-solid coupling simulation result of the brake disc and a finite element simulation model parameter, and determining a finite element simulation model parameter to be adjusted; The parameters of the finite element simulation model to be adjusted are adjusted to obtain an optimized finite element simulation model.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of reducing the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc includes: Determining a plurality of preset finite element simulation model parameters as input conditions of the optimized finite element simulation model; Generate the calculation results under the input conditions of the plurality of preset finite element simulation model parameters through the optimized finite element simulation model; Establishing an association relationship between the plurality of preset finite element simulation model parameter input conditions and the calculation results, and using the association relationship as training data for generating the digital twin; Based on the training data, a simulation model reduction algorithm is used to reduce the model order of the optimized finite element simulation model to generate a digital twin corresponding to the brake disc.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of mapping the detected vehicle operation data to the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc and monitoring the operation status of the brake disc in real time includes: Inputting the vehicle operation data collected by the vehicle sensor in real time into the digital twin corresponding to the brake disc, and outputting the real-time temperature field, real-time thermal stress field and real-time fastener axial force change of the brake disc; Performing real-time thermal load monitoring on the real-time temperature field and the real-time thermal stress field; The real-time axial force change of the real-time fastener is analyzed to achieve real-time monitoring of the operating state of the brake disc.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The method further comprises: Analyze the real-time monitoring result of the heat load by using the temperature-stress composite evaluation diagram to obtain a heat load analysis result; Based on the thermal load analysis result and the real-time axial force analysis result, a fault prediction is performed on the operating state of the brake disc.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: During the brake disc design stage, the design variables of the brake disc are input into the digital twin, and simulation iteration and structural optimization are performed on the brake disc to be optimized.

10. A train, characterized in that: include: A vehicle body, in which a vehicle sensor is disposed for detecting vehicle operation data of the vehicle; An edge computing device is configured to have a communication connection with the vehicle sensor, a brake disc digital twin is deployed on the edge computing device, and the edge computing device includes: one or more processors; a memory for storing one or more programs, When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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