A debugging method for array antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for debugging an array antenna, which relates to the field of antenna debugging technology. The method includes: standardizing the characteristics of an interactive target array antenna; mining the array mutual coupling factors, combining the multi-element radio frequency environment, performing coupling influence analysis, and determining the characteristic coupling relationship; building an adaptive debugging module based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics; testing and obtaining a test signal, combining the adaptive debugging module, making a debugging decision under a preset radio frequency environment, determining a pre-debugging strategy, and debugging and managing the target array antenna based on the pre-debugging strategy. The present invention solves the technical problem in the prior art that the antenna operation efficiency and performance stability are poor due to the influence of the array mutual coupling factors and the radio frequency environment, and achieves the technical effect of debugging the array antenna by deeply analyzing the influence of the array mutual coupling factors and the radio frequency environment on the antenna performance, thereby improving the antenna operation efficiency and performance stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of antenna debugging, and in particular to a debugging method for an array antenna. Background Art

[0002] Array antennas consist of multiple antenna elements. Through proper layout and signal processing techniques, they can achieve directional signal transmission and reception, improving the directivity, gain, and anti-interference capabilities of wireless communication systems. They are widely used in military, aerospace, and wireless communications fields. They must meet specific performance requirements, such as gain, bandwidth, directivity, and polarization. Furthermore, antenna array commissioning must consider the system's actual application scenario, such as the impact of factors such as terrain, buildings, and the electromagnetic environment on communication signals.

[0003] However, due to the mutual coupling between array antennas and the various different RF environments encountered in actual applications, such as different frequencies, signal strengths, multipath effects, etc., there is also the problem of poor operating efficiency and performance stability of array antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a debugging method for an array antenna, which is used to solve the technical problem in the prior art of poor antenna operating efficiency and performance stability due to the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio frequency environment.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a debugging method for an array antenna, the method comprising: standardized characteristics of an interactive target array antenna, the standardized characteristics including spatial layout, transmission characteristics and excitation characteristics; mining array mutual coupling factors, combining with a multi-element radio frequency environment, performing coupling impact analysis, and determining a characteristic coupling relationship, the array mutual coupling factors including gain mutual coupling and mutual interference mutual coupling; building an adaptive debugging module based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, wherein the adaptive debugging module includes a beamforming block and a trade-off debugging block, and the trade-off debugging block uses differential evolution as a decision-making method; testing and acquiring a test signal, combining with the adaptive debugging module, making a debugging decision under a preset radio frequency environment, and determining a pre-debugging strategy, wherein the debugging decision is a single-frequency debugging decision or a multi-frequency debugging decision; and debugging and managing the target array antenna based on the pre-debugging strategy.

[0006] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0007] The present application provides a debugging method for an array antenna, which relates to the field of antenna debugging technology. By interacting with the standardized characteristics of a target array antenna, array mutual coupling factors are explored, and coupling influence analysis is performed in combination with a multi-element radio frequency environment to determine the characteristic coupling relationship. Based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, an adaptive debugging module is built, and a test signal is obtained to make debugging decisions under a preset radio frequency environment. A pre-debugging strategy is determined, and debugging management of the target array antenna is performed. This solves the technical problem in the prior art of poor antenna operating efficiency and performance stability due to the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio frequency environment, and achieves the technical effect of debugging the array antenna and improving the antenna operating efficiency and performance stability by in-depth analysis of the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio frequency environment on antenna performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a debugging method for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a process for performing debugging decision-making and optimization iteration in a debugging method for an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a process for determining a pre-debugging strategy in a debugging method for an array antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] The present application provides a debugging method for an array antenna, which is used to solve the technical problem in the prior art of poor antenna operating efficiency and performance stability due to the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio frequency environment.

[0013] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0014] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or server that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or modules that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0015] Example 1

[0016] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application provides a debugging method for an array antenna, the method comprising:

[0017] P10: Standardized characteristics of the interactive target array antenna, including spatial layout, transmission characteristics and excitation characteristics.

[0018] It should be understood that standardized characteristics of the target array antenna are obtained through interaction with array antenna designers, manufacturers, or testers. These standardized characteristics form the basis for array antenna design and performance evaluation, including spatial layout, transmission characteristics, and excitation characteristics. Spatial layout refers to the physical arrangement of the antenna elements (or array elements) in the array antenna, including the spacing between elements, the array shape (e.g., linear, planar, circular), and the orientation of the elements. This spatial layout directly affects performance parameters such as the array antenna's radiation pattern, beamwidth, and beam pointing.

[0019] The transmission characteristics describe the transmission performance of the array antenna under different frequency and signal conditions, including the frequency response, bandwidth, gain, and phase characteristics of the array antenna. The transmission characteristics reflect the operating capability and performance of the array antenna at different frequencies. The excitation characteristics refer to how the individual elements in the array antenna are driven or excited, including parameters such as the excitation amplitude, phase, and time delay of the elements. By adjusting these parameters, the radiation pattern, beam pointing, beam width, and other performance parameters of the array antenna can be controlled, thereby achieving specific communication or radar functions.

[0020] By obtaining these standardized characteristics, we can provide basic data and reference for subsequent debugging work, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the debugging work. At the same time, these standardized characteristics are also an important basis for evaluating array antenna performance and comparing different array antenna design solutions.

[0021] P20: Explore array mutual coupling factors, combine them with the multi-element RF environment, perform coupling impact analysis, and determine the characteristic coupling relationship. The array mutual coupling factors include gain mutual coupling and mutual interference mutual coupling.

[0022] Furthermore, step P20 in this embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0023] P21: Guided by the spatial layout and based on the standard RF environment, analyze and determine the standard coupling relationship, where the standard coupling relationship is the influence of the mutual coupling factors on the mapping characteristics. The mutual coupling standards include single-factor multi-unit mutual coupling and multi-factor multi-unit mutual coupling.

[0024] P22: traverse the multiple radio frequency environments, combine with the standard radio frequency environment, and measure the difference of effective environment characteristics;

[0025] P23: Determine the influence relationship of the characteristic trend change-coupling relationship trend change and the environmental influence relationship based on the effective environmental characteristic difference;

[0026] P24: Determine the characteristic coupling relationship based on the standard coupling relationship and the environmental impact relationship.

[0027] Optionally, array mutual coupling factors, namely the mutual coupling factors of array antennas, are explored, including gain mutual coupling and mutual interference coupling. Gain mutual coupling refers to the effect of one antenna element on the gain of another, while mutual interference coupling describes the interference of one antenna element on the received or transmitted signal of another. Coupled impact analysis is also performed in conjunction with a multi-factor RF environment, analyzing the impact of different mutual coupling factors in different RF environments and determining characteristic coupling relationships.

[0028] Specifically, spatial layout is fundamental to array antenna design, and different spatial layouts lead to different mutual coupling characteristics. Therefore, guided by this spatial layout and using a standard RF environment as a benchmark, we analyze the impact of spatial layout on mutual coupling factors and determine a standard coupling relationship. This standard coupling relationship refers to the impact of mutual coupling factors on the mapping characteristics of the array antenna under single-factor multi-unit mutual coupling or multi-factor multi-unit mutual coupling conditions.

[0029] Furthermore, the multi-element RF environment is traversed, compared with the standard RF environment, and the effective feature difference between the multi-element RF environment and the standard RF environment is measured. The effective feature is an environmental feature that affects characteristics such as signal transmission, such as magnetic fields and interference sources, and the effective feature difference reflects the degree of influence of different RF environments on the performance of the array antenna. Furthermore, how the effective environmental feature difference affects the coupling relationship of the array antenna is analyzed, that is, how the characteristic trend changes lead to the coupling relationship trend. Through this process, the influence relationship of the RF environment on the coupling relationship of the array antenna, that is, the environmental influence relationship, can be determined.

[0030] Furthermore, the characteristic coupling relationship of the array antenna is ultimately determined by combining the standard coupling relationship with the environmental impact relationship. This characteristic coupling relationship comprehensively considers the spatial layout, transmission characteristics, excitation characteristics, and the impact of different RF environments on mutual coupling factors of the array antenna, providing an important reference for subsequent debugging work.

[0031] Furthermore, step P20 in this embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0032] P25: Based on the characteristic coupling relationship, the factor vector of gain mutual coupling is positively marked, and the factor vector of mutual interference coupling is negatively marked.

[0033] Specifically, the factor vectors related to gain mutual coupling in the characteristic coupling relationship are identified as positive factor vectors, indicating that these factors have a positive correlation with the improvement of the overall performance of the array antenna system or the increase of gain. In contrast to gain mutual coupling, the factor vectors related to mutual interference coupling are identified as negative factor vectors, indicating that these factors have a positive correlation with the reduction of the overall performance of the array antenna system or the increase of interference. By positively and negatively identifying the factor vectors of gain mutual coupling and mutual interference coupling, the impact of different factors on the array antenna system and the degree of their influence can be more clearly understood. This helps to quickly locate and address key factors that have a significant impact on system performance during subsequent debugging, optimization, or troubleshooting.

[0034] P30: Based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, an adaptive debugging module is constructed, wherein the adaptive debugging module includes a beamforming block and a trade-off debugging block, and the trade-off debugging block uses differential evolution as a decision-making method.

[0035] Specifically, based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, an adaptive debugging module is constructed. The adaptive debugging module can be used to realize intelligent debugging and optimization of the array antenna, and the adaptive debugging module includes a beamforming block and a trade-off debugging block.

[0036] The beamforming block is responsible for optimizing and adjusting the antenna array's radiation pattern, specifically adjusting the shape and direction of the beam. Beamforming is a key technology in antenna design, improving signal transmission efficiency and capacity while minimizing the impact of interference and noise. The trade-off debugging block, meanwhile, uses a differential evolution algorithm as a decision-making mechanism to weigh and adjust various performance parameters of the antenna array. This differential evolution algorithm is a global optimization search strategy with a strong ability to memorize individual optimal solutions and perform swarm search, making it suitable for solving complex multi-parameter optimization problems.

[0037] In summary, the adaptive debugging module can automatically adjust and optimize the performance parameters of the antenna array based on its characteristic coupling relationship and standardized characteristics, thereby improving the performance and efficiency of the antenna array. This adaptability makes the debugging process more efficient and accurate.

[0038] P40: Test and obtain a test signal, combine the adaptive debugging module, make a debugging decision under a preset radio frequency environment, and determine a pre-debugging strategy, wherein the debugging decision is a single-frequency debugging decision or a multi-frequency debugging decision.

[0039] Furthermore, step P40 in this embodiment of the present application further includes:

[0040] P41: Read the test signal and combine it with the beamforming block to determine the signal beam, locate the defect, and determine the debugging requirements;

[0041] P42: Based on the debugging requirements, the debugging decision and optimization iteration are performed in combination with the trade-off debugging block, and the optimal selection is made as the pre-debugging strategy.

[0042] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the array antenna is tested in a preset radio frequency environment, and a test signal is obtained and input into the adaptive debugging module. The beamforming block and the trade-off debugging block in the module are used to analyze and process the signal to determine the pre-debugging strategy. Specifically, first, the test signal is read from the test device, and the beamforming block in the adaptive debugging module is used to analyze the test signal to determine the beam shape and direction of the signal. Then, the defect is located based on the beam shape and direction, that is, to find out the problems and defects in the beam forming of the array antenna, such as beam pointing deviation, inappropriate beam width, etc. The debugging requirements are determined based on the results of the defect location, including determining the parameters and indicators that need to be debugged, as well as the performance requirements expected to be achieved.

[0043] Furthermore, the adaptive debugging module utilizes the trade-off debugging block to make debugging decisions and iterative optimizations based on the debugging requirements and constraints. For example, optimization methods such as differential evolution algorithms are used to find the optimal debugging parameter combination. During this iterative optimization process, the trade-off debugging block continuously evaluates the performance of different parameter combinations and selects the optimal solution as a pre-debugging strategy. This pre-debugging strategy will ensure that the debugging requirements are met to the greatest extent possible and achieve the desired performance requirements, providing guidance for subsequent actual debugging work.

[0044] Further, such as Figure 2 As shown, step P42 of the embodiment of the present application also includes:

[0045] P42-1: Determine the characteristic coupling relationship of the preset radio frequency environment and perform decision space constraints;

[0046] P42-2: Based on the decision space and the debugging requirements, determine a debugging target and an initial debugging strategy;

[0047] P42-3: Determine the mutation strategy and the crossover strategy, perform differential vector mutation and crossover iteration processing on the initial debugging strategy, iterate until convergence, and select the debugging strategy with the maximum fitness as the pre-debugging strategy, wherein the mutation strategy and crossover strategy of each iteration layer may be different.

[0048] Specifically, based on the debugging requirements, the debugging decision-making and optimization iteration process can be as follows: first, the characteristic coupling relationship of the array antenna in a preset RF environment needs to be determined, including the coupling effects of factors such as spatial layout, transmission characteristics, and excitation characteristics in a specific RF environment. Furthermore, based on the determined characteristic coupling relationship, the search space for debugging decisions is constrained, thereby narrowing the search scope, improving optimization efficiency, and ensuring that the final debugging strategy meets the actual environment and the performance requirements of the array antenna.

[0049] Furthermore, based on the debugging requirements and the characteristics of the pre-set RF environment, debugging objectives are defined. For example, possible objectives might be optimizing the gain of the array antenna, reducing beam pointing deviation, or lowering interference. Then, within the decision space, an initial debugging strategy is determined based on the debugging objectives and requirements. This initial strategy can be either empirically based or randomly generated.

[0050] Furthermore, the mutation and crossover strategies in the differential evolution algorithm are key factors influencing algorithm performance. In each iteration, different mutation and crossover strategies can be selected based on actual conditions and needs to increase the algorithm's flexibility and adaptability. Based on the determined mutation and crossover strategies, the initial debugging strategy undergoes differential vector mutation and crossover iterations. In each iteration, the algorithm generates new debugging strategies and evaluates their fitness. Strategies with high fitness are retained for the next iteration. This differential vector mutation and crossover iteration process is repeated until convergence conditions are met, such as reaching a preset number of iterations or insignificant fitness improvement. After convergence, the strategy with the highest fitness among all generated debugging strategies is selected as the pre-debugging strategy to guide subsequent actual debugging work. It is important to note that during the iteration process, the mutation and crossover strategies can vary at each iteration level, which helps increase the algorithm's diversity and search capabilities, improving the likelihood of finding a global optimal solution.

[0051] Further, such as Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present application further includes step P40a, and step P40a further includes:

[0052] P41a: The target array antenna is a single-frequency antenna or a multi-frequency antenna;

[0053] P42a: If the array antenna is a multi-frequency antenna, single-frequency debugging is performed to determine multiple single-frequency debugging strategies, where the multiple single-frequency debugging strategies correspond to antenna frequency bands one by one, and the single-frequency debugging strategies are interval-based;

[0054] P43a: traverse the multiple single-frequency debugging strategies, and determine array debugging information by fitting;

[0055] P44a: Based on multi-frequency interaction, compensation calibration is performed on the array debugging information to determine the pre-debugging strategy.

[0056] It should be understood that the target array antenna can be a single-frequency antenna or a multi-frequency antenna. When the target array antenna is a multi-frequency antenna, the debugging process needs to take into account the mutual influence between different frequency bands. Specifically, if the array antenna is a multi-frequency antenna, single-frequency debugging is required to determine multiple single-frequency debugging strategies. That is, single-frequency debugging is required for each frequency band to determine multiple single-frequency debugging strategies. These multiple single-frequency debugging strategies correspond one-to-one with the antenna frequency band to ensure that each frequency band is appropriately optimized. In addition, because the performance of the array antenna may be affected by various factors in actual applications, such as environmental changes and equipment aging, the single-frequency debugging strategy needs to have a certain degree of adaptability. That is, each single-frequency debugging strategy has a certain range to accommodate these changes. For example, when adjusting the impedance matching of a dual-frequency antenna, after adjusting for one frequency band, it may not be suitable for another frequency band, or the adjustment of one frequency band may affect the other frequency band, requiring balanced adjustment.

[0057] Furthermore, the multiple single-frequency debugging strategies are traversed and the array debugging information is determined by fitting, that is, the multiple single-frequency debugging strategies are integrated to form a unified array debugging solution. In addition, since there may be mutual influence between different frequency bands of the multi-frequency antenna, that is, multi-frequency mutual influence, it is necessary to compensate and calibrate the array debugging information based on the multi-frequency mutual influence to determine the pre-debugging strategy. Exemplarily, it is first necessary to analyze the mutual influence relationship between different frequency bands of the multi-frequency antenna, and based on the analysis results, calibrate and compensate the array debugging information, including adjusting certain parameters, optimizing algorithms, etc., to ensure that the multi-frequency array antenna can be properly debugged and optimized in different frequency bands, and generate the pre-debugging strategy.

[0058] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application further includes step P40b, which further includes:

[0059] P41b: Obtain the service status of the target array antenna and determine the state attenuation value;

[0060] P42b: performing correlation analysis on the state attenuation value and the strategy parameters of the pre-debugging strategy to determine state compensation data;

[0061] P43b: Based on the state compensation data, perform compensation adjustment on the pre-debugging strategy.

[0062] Optionally, the service status of an array antenna may change over time and under the influence of the external environment, causing its performance to degrade. Therefore, the service status of the array antenna needs to be considered when formulating a debugging strategy. First, the current service status of the target array antenna needs to be obtained, including the length of time the antenna has been in service, the conditions of the environment in which it is located, and previous maintenance records. Based on the obtained service status information, the attenuation of the antenna performance can be evaluated. The difference in performance indicators between the initial state and the current state of the antenna, such as the difference in gain, beamwidth, sidelobe level, etc., can be calculated by comparing and calculating the difference in each performance indicator according to the importance of the indicator, thereby determining a state attenuation value. The state attenuation value can reflect the degree to which the antenna performance has degraded due to service time and environmental factors.

[0063] Furthermore, the policy parameters of the pre-debugging strategy are extracted, such as the adjustment amount of beamforming, the optimization target in the trade-off debugging, etc., and the state attenuation value is correlated with the policy parameters of the pre-debugging strategy for analysis, that is, the degree of influence of the state attenuation value on each policy parameter is analyzed, and the specific value or range that needs to be compensated for each policy parameter is calculated.

[0064] Furthermore, the state compensation data is used to make compensation adjustments to the pre-commissioning strategy. For example, this can include modifying the target shape of beamforming, adjusting optimization weights in trade-off commissioning, or changing the initial settings of certain parameters. This corrects for any performance degradation experienced during actual service, making the commissioning strategy more tailored to actual application scenarios and improving the performance and stability of the array antenna after extended service.

[0065] P50: Based on the pre-debugging strategy, debug and manage the target array antenna.

[0066] Specifically, the pre-debugging strategy is used to debug and manage the target array antenna. First, according to the requirements of the pre-debugging strategy, the target array antenna is installed at the specified location and connected to the debugging tools and equipment, and the target array antenna is initially tested to obtain its initial performance parameters. According to the pre-debugging strategy, the various parameters of the antenna, such as frequency, power, direction, etc., are gradually adjusted. During the debugging process, the debugging tools and equipment are used to monitor the performance parameters of the antenna in real time, such as gain, standing wave ratio, directivity, etc. After each parameter adjustment, the performance of the antenna is evaluated to determine whether the goal of the pre-debugging strategy is achieved. If the performance does not meet the expected goal, the pre-debugging strategy is iteratively adjusted according to the evaluation results, and the above debugging process is repeated. Ensure that the target array antenna is effectively debugged and managed based on the pre-debugging strategy, so that it can achieve the best performance in actual applications.

[0067] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application further includes step P60, which further includes:

[0068] P61: Reading the self-test period of the target array antenna and determining the debugging status of the target array antenna in combination with the pre-debugging strategy;

[0069] P62: Based on the debugging state, perform timing positioning between cycle nodes to determine a first debugging position;

[0070] P63: Based on the first debugging position, perform periodic self-test node adjustment of the self-test cycle.

[0071] It should be understood that as the pre-debugging strategy is adjusted, the periodic self-test nodes of the target array antenna need to be adjusted synchronously to match the current status and avoid invalid self-tests or missed tests. First, the self-test period of the target array antenna is read. The self-test period refers to the time interval at which the antenna system automatically performs performance checks and calibrations, and can be set by professionals based on historical fault records. Furthermore, based on the read self-test period and the pre-debugging strategy, the current debugging status of the target array antenna is evaluated. The debugging status may include different levels such as normal, fine-tuning required, and overhaul required, depending on the degree of deviation of the antenna's performance parameters from the performance targets set in the pre-debugging strategy.

[0072] Furthermore, based on the debugging status, timing positioning is performed between cycle nodes, including determining the start time, end time and intermediate key time nodes of the next self-test cycle, and on the basis of timing positioning, combined with the debugging status, determining the first time position that requires debugging or calibration, that is, the first debugging position. The first debugging position may be the beginning, end or a specific intermediate node of the self-test cycle, depending on the urgency and importance of the debugging.

[0073] Furthermore, based on the first debugging position, the system adjusts the periodic self-test nodes within the self-test cycle, including advancing or delaying the execution time of certain self-test nodes to ensure that necessary debugging and calibration are performed at critical times. The adjusted self-test nodes are then updated to the target array antenna's self-test plan, ensuring that the system automatically executes self-test and calibration operations according to the new plan. This automates and intelligently manages the periodic self-test and debugging status of the target array antenna, helping to improve the antenna's operational efficiency and performance stability while reducing the risk of service interruptions or failures due to performance degradation.

[0074] In summary, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects:

[0075] This application uses the standardized characteristics of interactive target array antennas to explore array mutual coupling factors, combines multi-dimensional RF environments, conducts coupling impact analysis, determines characteristic coupling relationships, builds an adaptive debugging module based on characteristic coupling relationships and standardized characteristics, and obtains test signals to make debugging decisions under preset RF environments, determine pre-debugging strategies, and perform debugging management on the target array antenna.

[0076] The technical effect of debugging the array antenna and improving the operating efficiency and performance stability of the antenna was achieved by deeply analyzing the influence of array mutual coupling factors and radio frequency environment on antenna performance.

[0077] It should be noted that the order in which the embodiments of the present application are presented is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. Furthermore, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of this specification are provided. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential sequence shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

[0079] This specification and drawings are merely illustrative of the present application and are intended to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of this application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the scope of this application. Thus, this application is intended to include such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of this application and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for debugging an array antenna, characterized in that: The method comprises: Standardized characteristics of an interactive target array antenna, including spatial layout, transmission characteristics, and excitation characteristics; Exploring array mutual coupling factors, combined with multi-element RF environments, to perform coupling impact analysis and determine characteristic coupling relationships. The array mutual coupling factors include gain mutual coupling and mutual interference mutual coupling. Based on the characteristic coupling relationship and the standardized characteristics, an adaptive debugging module is constructed, wherein the adaptive debugging module includes a beamforming block and a trade-off debugging block, and the trade-off debugging block uses differential evolution as a decision-making method; Testing and acquiring a test signal, combining the adaptive debugging module to make a debugging decision under a preset radio frequency environment, and determining a pre-debugging strategy, wherein the debugging decision is a single-frequency debugging decision or a multi-frequency debugging decision; Based on the pre-debugging strategy, debugging and managing the target array antenna; The determining of the characteristic coupling relationship includes: Guided by the spatial layout and based on the standard radio frequency environment, a standard coupling relationship is analyzed and determined, wherein the standard coupling relationship is the influence relationship of the mutual coupling factor on the mapping characteristics, and the mutual coupling standard is single-factor multi-unit mutual coupling and multi-factor multi-unit mutual coupling; Traversing the multiple radio frequency environments, combining with the standard radio frequency environment, and measuring the effective environment feature difference; Determine the influence relationship of the characteristic trend change-coupling relationship trend change and the environmental impact relationship for the effective environmental characteristic difference; Determining the characteristic coupling relationship based on the standard coupling relationship and the environmental impact relationship; The debugging decision-making under the preset radio frequency environment includes: Read the test signal, combine it with the beamforming block, determine the signal beam and locate the defect, and determine the debugging requirements; Based on the debugging requirements, debugging decisions and optimization iterations are performed in combination with the trade-off debugging blocks to select the best option as the pre-debugging strategy; The debugging decision and optimization iteration in combination with the trade-off debugging block include: Determining the characteristic coupling relationship of the preset radio frequency environment and performing decision space constraints; Based on the decision space and the debugging requirements, determining a debugging target and an initial debugging strategy; Determine a mutation strategy and a crossover strategy, perform differential vector mutation and crossover iteration processing on the initial debugging strategy, iterate until convergence, and select the debugging strategy with the maximum fitness as the pre-debugging strategy, wherein the mutation strategy and crossover strategy of each iteration layer may be different.

2. The method for debugging an array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: According to the characteristic coupling relationship, the factor vector of gain mutual coupling is positively labeled, and the factor vector of mutual interference coupling is negatively labeled.

3. The method for debugging an array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The array antenna is a single-frequency antenna or a multi-frequency antenna, including: If the array antenna is a multi-frequency antenna, single-frequency debugging is performed to determine multiple single-frequency debugging strategies, wherein the multiple single-frequency debugging strategies correspond to antenna frequency bands one by one, and the single-frequency debugging strategies are interval-based; Traversing the plurality of single-frequency debugging strategies, and fitting and determining array debugging information; Based on the multi-frequency interaction, compensation calibration is performed on the array debugging information to determine the pre-debugging strategy.

4. The method for debugging an array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: After determining the pre-commissioning strategy, the following steps are included: Obtaining the service status of the target array antenna and determining a state attenuation value; Performing correlation analysis on the state attenuation value and the strategy parameters of the pre-debugging strategy to determine state compensation data; Based on the state compensation data, compensation adjustment is performed on the pre-commissioning strategy.

5. The method for debugging an array antenna according to claim 1, wherein: After debugging and managing the target array antenna, the following steps are included: Reading the self-test period of the target array antenna, and determining the debugging state of the target array antenna in combination with the pre-debugging strategy; Based on the debugging state, performing timing positioning between periodic nodes to determine a first debugging position; Based on the first debugging position, periodic self-test node adjustment of the self-test cycle is performed.

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