Multifunctional orchard weeding and plant growth blanket based on dynamic response gel

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional orchard weeding and planting blanket based on dynamic response gel and belongs to the technical field of agricultural weeding, characterized in that the planting blanket comprises, from top to bottom, a fixing layer, a covering loose layer, a planting layer, a nutrient storage layer, an insulation layer and a bottom layer, the fixing layer and the bottom layer are both warp and weft nets woven from polyethylene material, the covering loose layer is made of coconut shell fiber, the planting layer is made by mixing stable gel, grass seeds, organic fertilizer and coconut shell fiber, the nutrient storage layer is made by mixing coconut shell fiber and organic fertilizer, and the insulation layer is made of polypropylene fiber cloth and can effectively inhibit the growth of original weeds, so that the economic and ecological benefits are maximized, and the problem of uneven grass growth of the planting blanket is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural weed control technology, and in particular to a multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel. Background Technology

[0002] Orchard weeds are a major problem in agricultural production, hindering the sustainable and healthy development of fruit tree production and causing significant harm to orchards, becoming a major factor restricting fruit tree growth and fruit quality. Currently, the main methods for weed control include tillage weeding, chemical weeding, mulching, and sod cover. Tillage weeding is highly dependent on equipment and labor costs, and there is a clear trade-off between soil depth, weeding intensity, and protection of the fruit tree root system. Because it cannot completely uproot weeds, it requires repeated operations. Chemical weeding can eradicate both annual and perennial weeds, reducing labor input and avoiding damage to the root system of fruit trees on the soil surface. It also does not reduce the absorption of nutrients by fruit trees. However, chemical control measures have a short effective period, and frequent use can cause serious damage to fruit trees, the soil environment, and the orchard ecosystem. Artificial grass cover mainly involves planting specific grass species to create a dense, shaded space on the surface of the orchard soil, preventing weeds from growing normally and thus achieving weed control. It is a relatively advanced and environmentally friendly weeding method. However, weeds in orchards have extremely strong vitality, and grass cover is unlikely to gain a dominant position in the short term.

[0003] The main purpose of using vegetation mats for weed control is to cover the soil surface with the mats, forming a layer of vegetation that hinders weed photosynthesis, thereby preventing weed growth and reducing competition from weeds. However, vegetation mats can be jostled during transportation, causing grass seeds to shift and resulting in uneven weed emergence. Furthermore, in reality, environments are not always flat. For example, when vegetation mats are laid in furrows, external conditions such as strong winds and heavy rains can wash away and displace grass seeds, leading to uneven weed emergence. Areas where weeds haven't emerged will develop weeds, thus affecting the weed control effect and reducing efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to quickly suppress weeds while stabilizing the location of weeds and improving weed control efficiency is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multifunctional orchard weeding mat based on dynamic response gel, which solves the problems of uneven weed emergence and poor weeding ability of the mat.

[0006] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] A multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on a dynamic response gel is disclosed. The mat consists of, from top to bottom, a fixing layer, a loose covering layer, a vegetation layer, a nutrient storage layer, an insulating layer, and a bottom layer. After being laid out in sequence, the mat is fixed by inserting it from top to bottom using a piercing machine. The fixing layer and the bottom layer are both made of polyethylene woven mesh. The loose covering layer is made of coconut fiber. The vegetation layer is made of a mixture of stabilizing gel, grass seeds, organic fertilizer, and coconut fiber. The nutrient storage layer is made of a mixture of coconut fiber and organic fertilizer. The insulating layer is made of polypropylene fiber cloth.

[0008] Furthermore, the method of using the vegetation blanket is as follows:

[0009] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects and gravel from the slope of the furrow, and lay vegetation mats according to the different grass species requirements on the ridge and furrow.

[0010] (2) When laying vegetation mats, they should be in full contact with the soil and rock slope. After each vegetation mat is laid, it should be fixed with U-shaped iron nails at a staggered interval of 1m-1.5m. Adjacent vegetation mats should be overlapped. The vegetation mats should be fixed by digging trenches around them.

[0011] (3) After the vegetation mat is laid, cover it evenly with 2-3 cm of soil manually or mechanically. After covering with soil, flatten and compact it to ensure it is fully integrated with the soil. Then, spray the surface of the vegetation mat with a sodium bicarbonate solution of pH 7.5-8 once, at a rate of 2-3 L / m². 2 .

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method of the vegetation layer is as follows: the stabilizing gel, organic fertilizer and coconut fiber are mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture, then grass seeds are sown, and then dried at 35-40℃ for 12-15 hours to obtain a vegetation layer with a thickness of 1-1.5cm.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for preparing the stabilized gel is as follows:

[0014] S1: Add hyaluronic acid to water, stir evenly, then add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5-5.5, stir and react for 1-2 hours, then add succinimide ester, stir and react for 20-24 hours to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0015] S2: After adding modified hyaluronic acid to water and mixing evenly, add methacrylic acid, N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate and potassium chloride, and react at 80-90℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain a stable gel.

[0016] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the hyaluronic acid to the succinimide ester is (4-5):(2-3).

[0017] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the modified hyaluronic acid, methacrylic acid, N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate, and potassium chloride is (4-5):(1-1.5):(0.1-0.15):(0.1-0.12):(0.8-1).

[0018] Furthermore, the selection of grass species for the vegetation layer is as follows: the vegetation mat laid on the ridges is selected from one or more leguminous forage grasses such as alfalfa, white clover, and red clover, with an addition amount of 1m³. 2 Sprinkle 15-20g of grass seeds into the mixture; for the vegetation mats laid in the furrows, choose one or more of the following grasses: ryegrass, sheepgrass, and awnless bromegrass, adding them at a rate of 1m³. 2 Sprinkle 20-25g of grass seeds into the mixture.

[0019] Furthermore, both the fixing layer and the bottom layer are made of polyethylene material with a mesh size of 30×30mm and a thickness of 0.2-0.5cm.

[0020] Furthermore, the insulating layer is woven from polypropylene fibers with a density of 0.91-0.93 g / cm³. 2 The polypropylene fiber cloth has a thickness of 1-1.5cm.

[0021] Furthermore, the nutrient storage layer is made by mixing coconut shell fiber and organic fertilizer at a mass ratio of 3:1, and the density of the coconut shell fiber is 0.6-0.8 g / cm³. 2 The thickness of the nutrient storage layer is 0.2-0.4 cm.

[0022] Furthermore, the loose covering layer is composed of coconut fiberboard made of coconut husk fibers, with a density of 1-1.2 g / cm³. 2 The thickness is 0.1-0.2cm.

[0023] After the stabilizing gel is evenly mixed with grass seeds and organic fertilizer, it is dried. The grass seeds are then fixed within the dried stabilizing gel, effectively preventing displacement during transport of the vegetation mat and ensuring even distribution of the seeds within the vegetation layer, guaranteeing uniform grass emergence later. Simultaneously, the lack of oxygen in the dried stabilizing gel inhibits respiration, preventing seed germination and extending the shelf life of the vegetation mat. This invention further combines hyaluronic acid and methacrylic acid in the presence of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate to form a composite gel. Under certain conditions, the carboxyl groups in the resulting composite gel ionize, increasing the negative charge density of the gel network. The electrostatic repulsion between these negative charges promotes the expansion of the gel network, thereby absorbing more water and promoting gel swelling. Furthermore, succinimide ester modifies hyaluronic acid, forming more cross-linked structures and enhancing the mechanical stability of the gel. In addition, the succinimide-modified hyaluronic acid facilitates the formation of a more stable network structure with N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, while also improving its sensitivity to pH and ionic strength. This allows the gel to swell under lower alkaline conditions, thus preventing excessive alkalinity from affecting seed germination. Potassium chloride electrolyte is also added to the stabilizing gel. After spraying with sodium bicarbonate solution, ion exchange promotes gel ionization, enhances electrostatic repulsion, and further promotes gel swelling, thus further promoting seed germination. After the vegetation mat is laid, a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 7.5-8 is sprayed onto its surface. The dried stabilizing gel in the vegetation mat swells in the weakly alkaline environment. The swollen hydrogel network is more porous, with increased porosity, which increases air permeability while maintaining high moisture content, providing a favorable environment for seed germination and promoting seed sprouting. Furthermore, the swollen and stabilized gel can still effectively embed and fix the grass seeds in the gel, preventing seed displacement and further ensuring the uniformity of grass emergence from the vegetation mat.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] The vegetation mat produced by this invention provides excellent artificial grass cover for weed control, effectively suppressing the growth of existing weeds and allowing for targeted grass growth, maximizing economic and ecological benefits. It represents an ecological weed control model that promotes sustainable development in orchards and is suitable for widespread adoption in China. Furthermore, the vegetation mat can naturally degrade into fertilizer, improving soil properties while reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. It requires almost no manual management, effectively lowering labor costs and achieving weed suppression. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of vegetation mat structure;

[0027] Figure 2 : Cross-section of vegetation mat.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Bottom layer, 2. Insulation layer, 3. Nutrient storage layer, 4. Vegetation layer, 5. Loose covering layer, 6. Fixation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] Preparation of stable gels:

[0032] S1: Add 4g of hyaluronic acid to 100ml of water, stir well, then add 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1h, then add 2g of succinimide ester, stir and react for 20h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0033] S2: Add 4g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120ml of water and mix well. Then add 1g of methacrylic acid, 0.1g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8g of potassium chloride. React at 80℃ for 8 hours to obtain a stable gel.

[0034] How to make a vegetation mat:

[0035] First, prepare the vegetation layer:

[0036] The stabilized gel prepared above, organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6), and coconut fiber were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture. Grass seeds were then sown into the mixture. Alfalfa was selected as the vegetation mat to be laid on the ridges, with the grass seed added at a rate of 1 m². 2 Sprinkle 15g of the mixture; for the vegetation mat laid in the furrows, choose ryegrass, and add the grass seeds at a rate of 1m. 2 20g of the mixture was sprinkled in; after the grass seeds were mixed in, they were dried at 35℃ for 12 hours to obtain a 1cm thick vegetation layer.

[0037] according to Figure 1 The process of making the vegetation mat involves: laying the bottom layer of a polyethylene mesh woven from polyethylene material, then covering it with a layer of polypropylene fiber woven at a density of 0.91 g / cm³. 2 A 1cm thick polypropylene fiber cloth is used as an insulating layer, and coconut shell fiber (density 0.6g / cm³) is laid on top of the insulating layer. 2 Mix the organic fertilizer with coconut shell fiber at a mass ratio of 3:1, then press it into a nutrient storage layer with a thickness of 0.2 cm. Next, spread the prepared vegetation layer on top of the nutrient storage layer, and then apply a 1g / cm layer made of coconut shell fiber. 2A loose covering layer with a thickness of 0.1cm is laid flat on the vegetation layer. Then, a 30×30mm mesh made of polyethylene material with a thickness of 0.1cm is laid on top as a fixing layer. Finally, the multi-layered structure is interlaced and fixed by a needle punching machine to obtain the vegetation mat.

[0038] How to use vegetation mats:

[0039] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects and gravel from the slope of the furrow, and lay vegetation mats according to the different grass species requirements on the ridge and furrow.

[0040] (2) When laying vegetation mats, they should be in full contact with the soil and rock slope. After each vegetation mat is laid, it should be fixed with U-shaped iron nails at 1m intervals. Adjacent vegetation mats should be overlapped. The vegetation mats should be fixed by digging trenches around them.

[0041] (3) After the vegetation mat is laid, cover it evenly with 2cm of soil manually or mechanically. After covering with soil, flatten and compact it to ensure it is fully integrated with the soil. Immediately after laying, spray the surface of the vegetation mat with a sodium bicarbonate solution of pH 7.5 once, at a rate of 2L / m². 2 .

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] Preparation of stable gels:

[0044] S1: Add 4.5g of hyaluronic acid to 112ml of water, stir well, then add 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.2, stir and react for 1.5h, then add 2.5g of succinimide ester, stir and react for 22h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0045] S2: Add 4.5g of modified hyaluronic acid to 138ml of water and mix well. Then add 1.25g of methacrylic acid, 0.12g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.11g of ammonium persulfate and 0.9g of potassium chloride. React at 85℃ for 9h to obtain a stable gel.

[0046] How to make a vegetation mat:

[0047] First, prepare the vegetation layer:

[0048] The stabilized gel prepared above, organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6), and coconut fiber were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture. Grass seeds were then sown into the mixture. Alfalfa was selected as the vegetation mat to be laid on the ridges, with the grass seed added at a rate of 1 m². 2 Sprinkle 18g of the mixture; for the vegetation mat laid in the furrows, choose ryegrass, and add the grass seeds at a rate of 1m. 223g of the mixture was sprinkled in; after the grass seeds were mixed in, they were dried at 38℃ for 13 hours to obtain a 1.2cm thick vegetation layer.

[0049] according to Figure 1 The process of making the vegetation mat involves: laying the bottom layer of a polyethylene mesh woven from polyethylene material, then covering it with a layer of polypropylene fiber woven at a density of 0.92 g / cm³. 2 A 1.2cm thick polypropylene fiber cloth serves as the insulating layer, upon which a layer of coconut shell fiber (density 0.7g / cm³) is laid. 2 Mix the organic fertilizer with coconut shell fiber at a mass ratio of 3:1, then press it into a nutrient storage layer with a thickness of 0.3 cm. Next, spread the prepared vegetation layer on top of the nutrient storage layer, and then apply a 1.1 g / cm³ layer made of coconut shell fiber. 2 A loose covering layer with a thickness of 0.15cm is laid flat on the vegetation layer. Then, a 30×30mm mesh made of polyethylene material with a thickness of 0.15cm is laid on top as a fixing layer. Finally, the multi-layered structure is interlaced and fixed by a needle punching machine to obtain the vegetation mat.

[0050] How to use vegetation mats:

[0051] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects and gravel from the slope of the furrow, and lay vegetation mats according to the different grass species requirements on the ridge and furrow.

[0052] (2) When laying vegetation mats, they should be in full contact with the soil and rock slope. After each vegetation mat is laid, it should be fixed with U-shaped iron nails at 1.2m intervals. Adjacent vegetation mats should be overlapped. The vegetation mats should be fixed by digging trenches around them.

[0053] (3) After the vegetation mat is laid, cover it evenly with 2.5cm of soil manually or mechanically. After covering with soil, flatten and compact it to ensure it is fully integrated with the soil. Then, spray the surface of the vegetation mat with a sodium bicarbonate solution of pH 7.8 once, at a rate of 2.5L / m². 2 .

[0054] Example 3:

[0055] Preparation of stable gels:

[0056] S1: Add 5g of hyaluronic acid to 125ml of water, stir well, then add 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.5, stir and react for 2h, then add 3g of succinimide ester, stir and react for 24h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0057] S2: Add 5g of modified hyaluronic acid to 150ml of water and mix well. Then add 1.5g of methacrylic acid, 0.15g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.12g of ammonium persulfate, and 1g of potassium chloride. React at 90℃ for 10h to obtain a stable gel.

[0058] How to make a vegetation mat:

[0059] First, prepare the vegetation layer:

[0060] The stabilized gel prepared above, organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6), and coconut fiber were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture. Grass seeds were then sown into the mixture. Alfalfa was selected as the vegetation mat to be laid on the ridges, with the grass seed added at a rate of 1 m². 2 Sprinkle 205g of the mixture; for the vegetation mat laid in the furrows, choose ryegrass, and add the grass seeds at a rate of 1m. 2 25g of the mixture was sprinkled in; after the grass seeds were mixed in, they were dried at 40℃ for 15h to obtain a 1.5cm thick vegetation layer.

[0061] according to Figure 1 The process of making the vegetation mat involves: laying the bottom layer of a polyethylene woven mesh flat, and then laying a polypropylene fiber woven mesh with a density of 0.93 g / cm³ on top of the bottom layer. 2 A 1.5cm thick polypropylene fiber cloth serves as the insulating layer, upon which a layer of coconut fiber (density 0.8g / cm³) is laid. 2 Mix the organic fertilizer with coconut shell fiber at a mass ratio of 3:1, then press it into a nutrient storage layer with a thickness of 0.4 cm. Next, spread the prepared vegetation layer on top of the nutrient storage layer, and then apply a 1.2 g / cm³ layer made of coconut shell fiber. 2 A loose covering layer with a thickness of 0.2cm is laid flat on the vegetation layer. Then, a 30×30mm mesh made of polyethylene material with a thickness of 0.2cm is laid on top as a fixing layer. Finally, the multi-layered structure is interlaced and fixed by a needle punching machine to obtain the vegetation mat.

[0062] How to use vegetation mats:

[0063] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects and gravel from the slope of the furrow, and lay vegetation mats according to the different grass species requirements on the ridge and furrow.

[0064] (2) When laying vegetation mats, they should be in full contact with the soil and rock slope. After each vegetation mat is laid, it should be fixed with U-shaped iron nails at 1.5m intervals. Adjacent vegetation mats should be overlapped. The vegetation mats should be fixed by digging trenches around them.

[0065] (3) After the vegetation mat is laid, cover it with 3cm of soil evenly by hand or machine. After covering with soil, flatten and compact it to ensure it is fully combined with the soil. Then spray the surface of the vegetation mat with a sodium bicarbonate solution of pH 8 once, at a rate of 3L / m². 2 .

[0066] Comparative Example 1:

[0067] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the subsequent management of the vegetation mat. Specifically, after the vegetation mat was laid, it was sprayed with a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 8.5, as follows:

[0068] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects and gravel from the slope of the furrow, and lay vegetation mats according to the different grass species requirements on the ridge and furrow.

[0069] (2) When laying vegetation mats, they should be in full contact with the soil and rock slope. After each vegetation mat is laid, it should be fixed with U-shaped iron nails at 1m intervals. Adjacent vegetation mats should be overlapped. The vegetation mats should be fixed by digging trenches around them.

[0070] (3) After the vegetation mat is laid, cover it evenly with 2cm of soil manually or mechanically. After covering with soil, flatten and compact it to ensure it is fully integrated with the soil. Immediately after laying, spray the surface of the vegetation mat with a sodium bicarbonate solution of pH 8.5 once, at a rate of 2L / m². 2 .

[0071] The other steps for making the vegetation blanket are the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Comparative Example 2:

[0073] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the stable gel. Specifically, the mass ratio of hyaluronic acid to succinimide ester is 4:1, and the specific method is as follows:

[0074] S1: Add 4g of hyaluronic acid to 100ml of water, stir well, then add 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1h, then add 1g of succinimide ester, stir and react for 20h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0075] S2: Add 4g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120ml of water and mix well. Then add 1g of methacrylic acid, 0.1g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8g of potassium chloride. React at 80℃ for 8 hours to obtain a stable gel.

[0076] The other steps for making the vegetation blanket are the same as in Example 1.

[0077] Comparative Example 3:

[0078] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the stable gel. Specifically, the mass ratio of modified hyaluronic acid to methacrylic acid is different, specifically 6:1. The specific method is as follows:

[0079] S1: Add 4g of hyaluronic acid to 100ml of water, stir well, then add 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1h, then add 2g of succinimide ester, stir and react for 20h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0080] S2: Add 4g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120ml of water and mix well. Then add 0.67g of methacrylic acid, 0.1g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8g of potassium chloride. React at 80℃ for 8h to obtain a stable gel.

[0081] Comparative Example 4:

[0082] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the stable gel. Specifically, succinimide ester is not added during the preparation of the stable gel, and the specific method is as follows:

[0083] S1: Add 4g of hyaluronic acid to 120ml of water and mix well. Then add 1g of methacrylic acid, 0.1g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1g of ammonium persulfate, and 0.8g of potassium chloride. React at 80℃ for 8 hours to obtain a stable gel.

[0084] The other steps for making the vegetation blanket are the same as in Example 1.

[0085] Comparative Example 5:

[0086] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the stable gel. Specifically, methacrylic acid is not added during the preparation of the stable gel, and the specific method is as follows:

[0087] S1: Add 4g of hyaluronic acid to 100ml of water, stir well, then add 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1h, then add 2g of succinimide ester, stir and react for 20h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0088] S2: Add 4g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120ml of water and mix well. Then add 0.1g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.8g of potassium chloride. React at 80℃ for 8 hours to obtain a stable gel.

[0089] The other steps for making the vegetation blanket are the same as in Example 1.

[0090] Comparative Example 6:

[0091] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the stable gel; specifically, potassium chloride is not added. The specific method is as follows:

[0092] S1: Add 4g of hyaluronic acid to 100ml of water, stir well, then add 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1h, then add 2g of succinimide ester, stir and react for 20h to obtain modified hyaluronic acid;

[0093] S2: Add 4g of modified hyaluronic acid to 120ml of water and mix well. Then add 1g of methacrylic acid, 0.1g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.1g of ammonium persulfate. React at 80℃ for 8h to obtain a stable gel.

[0094] Comparative Example 7:

[0095] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the vegetation layer; specifically, no stabilizing gel is added. The specific method is as follows:

[0096] Organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6) and coconut fiber are mixed evenly at a mass ratio of 5:10 to obtain a mixture. Grass seeds are then sown into the mixture. Alfalfa is selected as the vegetation mat to be laid on the ridges, with the grass seed added at a rate of 1 m². 2 Sprinkle 15g of the mixture; for the vegetation mat laid in the furrows, choose ryegrass, and add the grass seeds at a rate of 1m. 2 20g of the mixture was sprinkled in; after the grass seeds were mixed in, they were dried at 35℃ for 12 hours to obtain a 1cm thick vegetation layer.

[0097] Comparative Example 8:

[0098] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being the vegetation layer. Specifically, the vegetation layer was prepared using only hyaluronic acid and grass seeds, as detailed below:

[0099] Add 4g of hyaluronic acid to 120ml of water and mix well to obtain a stable gel.

[0100] The stabilized gel prepared above, organic fertilizer (N:P:K = 10:3:6), and coconut fiber were mixed evenly in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 to obtain a mixture. Grass seeds were then sown into the mixture. Alfalfa was selected as the vegetation mat to be laid on the ridges, with the grass seed added at a rate of 1 m². 2 Sprinkle 15g of the mixture; for the vegetation mat laid in the furrows, choose ryegrass, and add the grass seeds at a rate of 1m. 2 20g of the mixture was sprinkled in; after the grass seeds were mixed in, they were dried at 35℃ for 12 hours to obtain a 1cm thick vegetation layer.

[0101] Comparative Example 9:

[0102] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being that carboxymethyl cellulose was used instead of hyaluronic acid to prepare the stable gel, the specific method of which is as follows:

[0103] S1: Add 4g of carboxymethyl cellulose to 100ml of water, stir well, then add 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5, stir and react for 1h, then add 2g of succinimide ester, stir and react for 20h to obtain modified carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0104] S2: Add 4g of modified carboxymethyl cellulose to 120ml of water and mix well. Then add 1g of methacrylic acid, 0.1g of N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, 0.1g of ammonium persulfate and 0.8g of potassium chloride. React at 80℃ for 8h to obtain a stable gel.

[0105] Comparative Example 10:

[0106] This comparative example is compared with Example 1, the only difference being that after the vegetation mat is laid, it is not sprayed with sodium bicarbonate solution but directly watered with clean water. The specific method is as follows:

[0107] (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects and gravel from the slope of the furrow, and lay vegetation mats according to the different grass species requirements on the ridge and furrow.

[0108] (2) When laying the vegetation mat, it should be in full contact with the soil and rock slope. After each vegetation mat is laid, it should be fixed with U-shaped iron nails at 1m intervals. Adjacent vegetation mats should be overlapped. The vegetation mat should be fixed by digging trenches around its perimeter.

[0109] (3) After the vegetation mat is laid, cover it evenly with 2cm of soil manually or mechanically. After covering with soil, flatten and compact it to ensure it is fully combined with the soil. Immediately after laying, spray clean water onto the surface of the vegetation mat at a rate of 2L / m. 2 .

[0110] The steps for making the vegetation blanket are the same as in Example 1.

[0111] experiment:

[0112] An experiment was conducted on ridges in a navel orange orchard. The fruit trees were 5 years old, and the orchard was mainly composed of grasses and broadleaf weeds, including foxtail grass, fleabane, and alligator weed. Twelve plots, each 1m² in size, were set up under the fruit trees. 2 The experimental area was divided into 20 equal-sized squares, each with an area of ​​0.05 m². 2 Each experiment was repeated three times, meaning that three fruit trees were selected for each group for the experiment. The grass seed weight of each group's vegetation mat was 15g / m². 2 The grass species selected was alfalfa.

[0113] Before the experiment, weeds, foreign objects, and gravel were removed from the orchard. Experimental group 1 was covered with the vegetation mat prepared in Example 1, control groups 1 and 10 used the vegetation mat prepared in Example 1, and control groups 2-9 were covered with the vegetation mats prepared in Comparative Examples 2-9, respectively. The mats were laid on the raised beds. During laying, the mats should be in full contact with the soil and the slope. After each mat was laid, it was fixed with U-shaped nails spaced 1mm apart. After laying, a 2cm layer of soil was evenly covered on the surface, and then the surface was leveled and compacted to ensure thorough integration with the soil.

[0114] Experimental group 1 and control groups 2-9 were immediately watered with a sodium bicarbonate solution of pH=7.5 after laying; control group 1 was immediately watered with a sodium bicarbonate solution of pH=8.5 after laying; control group 10 was watered with plain water, all at a rate of 2L / m². 2 The blank control group did not have vegetation mats laid.

[0115] In each small square, the time it takes for alfalfa to emerge from the vegetation mat is recorded. After 50 days, the area covered by alfalfa is recorded. A small square is considered covered if its area exceeds 80% of the total area. The number of covered squares in each experimental group is recorded, and the coverage rate is calculated.

[0116] Coverage (%) = Number of covered cells / Total number of cells × 100%

[0117] After the alfalfa was harvested 70 days later, the height of weeds under the vegetation mat in each experimental area was recorded (at the highest point), and the height of weeds in the blank control was also recorded (at the highest point).

[0118] Table 1

[0119] Time / day for grass to grow on soil Height (cm) Coverage (%) Experimental group 1 12 32.2 98.33 Control group 1 21 22.7 93.33 Control group 2 17 24.8 96.67 Control group 3 17 24.8 96.67 Control group 4 19 21.8 95 Control group 5 20 23.2 95 Control group 6 18 23.1 95 Control group 7 11 32.6 83.33 control group 8 20 22.3 95 Control group 9 18 24 96.67 control group 10 24 22.4 83.33

[0120] Table 2

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] Analysis of Table 1 yields the following results:

[0124] 1. Compared to experimental group 1, control group 1 was sprayed with a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 8.5 after the vegetation mat was laid. The pH value of the sodium bicarbonate solution was too high, inhibiting seed germination. Therefore, the grass seeds in control group 1 emerged unevenly, resulting in lower coverage. In control group 10, the stabilized gel remained in a dry, solid state, lacking oxygen. Instead of spraying with sodium bicarbonate solution after the vegetation mat was laid, water was sprayed directly, leading to slow gel swelling, delayed seed germination, and slower seed growth. This resulted in lower vegetation mat coverage after 50 days.

[0125] 2. The difference between control groups 2-6 and experimental group 1 lies in the preparation of the stabilizing gel. In control group 2, the mass ratio of hyaluronic acid to succinimide ester was 4:1. The control group added less succinimide ester, requiring a longer swelling time for the stabilizing gel. During this time, the seeds did not receive sufficient oxygen, resulting in a longer germination time and consequently, a longer grass growth period and shorter alfalfa plant height. Control group 4 did not add succinimide ester, therefore its seeds required a longer germination time than control group 2, resulting in a longer grass growth period and shorter alfalfa plant height. In control group 3, the mass ratio of modified hyaluronic acid to methacrylic acid was 6:1. The stabilizing gel required a longer swelling time, affecting the seed reaction, resulting in a longer grass growth period and shorter alfalfa plant height. Control group 5 did not add methacrylic acid during stabilizing gel preparation; therefore, its stabilizing gel had an even lower swelling rate, a longer seed germination time, and shorter alfalfa plant height. Compared with experimental group 1, control group 6 did not add potassium chloride during the preparation of stable gel, the grass on the soil grew for a longer time, and the alfalfa plant height was lower. This is because potassium chloride can destroy the structure of stable gel, thus causing the gel to swell.

[0126] 3. Compared with experimental group 1, no stabilizing gel was added when preparing the vegetation layer in control group 7. The grass seeds were displaced during the transportation of the vegetation mat, resulting in uneven distribution of grass seeds in the vegetation layer. Consequently, the grass emergence in control group 7 was uneven, and the density and coverage of alfalfa in one cell were low.

[0127] 4. Compared with experimental group 1, control group 8 used only hyaluronic acid and grass seeds to prepare the vegetation layer. The stability of the gel was low, and it took a long time to swell. Therefore, the seeds needed a long time to germinate, and the grass seeds took a long time to grow on the soil, resulting in a shorter plant height of alfalfa.

[0128] 5. Compared with experimental group 1, control group 9 used carboxymethyl cellulose instead of hyaluronic acid to prepare stable gel. Carboxymethyl cellulose itself has lower swelling capacity than hyaluronic acid. Therefore, the stable gel prepared by it requires a longer time to swell, the seed germination time is longer, and the grass seeds take longer to grow on the soil, resulting in a lower plant height of alfalfa.

[0129] 6. The weeds under the vegetation mat in the control group were all taller. This is because the alfalfa germinating under the vegetation mat first competes for living space and for light and nutrients with the weeds. Therefore, the better the alfalfa grows, the weaker the weeds grow. As shown in the blank control, no vegetation mat was laid. Since there is no alfalfa as a dominant plant to compete with the weeds for growing space, the weeds in the blank control grew vigorously and were taller.

[0130] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Technical aspects, shapes, and structures not described in detail in this invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel, characterized in that, The vegetation mat consists of, from top to bottom, a fixing layer, a loose covering layer, a vegetation layer, a nutrient storage layer, an insulating layer, and a bottom layer. After being laid out in sequence, it is fixed by inserting a piercing machine from top to bottom to obtain the vegetation mat. The fixing layer and the bottom layer are both made of polyethylene woven mesh. The loose covering layer is made of coconut fiber. The vegetation layer is made of a mixture of stabilizing gel, grass seeds, organic fertilizer, and coconut fiber. The nutrient storage layer is made of a mixture of coconut fiber and organic fertilizer. The insulating layer is made of polypropylene fiber cloth. The method for preparing the stable gel is as follows: S1: Add hyaluronic acid to water, stir evenly, then add 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5-5.5, stir and react for 1-2 hours, then add succinimide ester, stir and react for 20-24 hours to obtain modified hyaluronic acid; S2: After adding modified hyaluronic acid to water and mixing it evenly, add methacrylic acid, N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate and potassium chloride, and react at 80-90℃ for 8-10 hours to obtain a stable gel. The mass ratio of hyaluronic acid to succinimide ester is (4-5):(2-3); the mass ratio of modified hyaluronic acid, methacrylic acid, N-N'-methylenebisacrylamide, ammonium persulfate, and potassium chloride is (4-5):(1-1.5):(0.1-0.15):(0.1-0.12):(0.8-1).

2. The multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of using the vegetation blanket is as follows: (1) Remove weeds, foreign objects and gravel from the slope of the furrow, and lay vegetation mats according to the different grass species requirements on the ridge and furrow; (2) When laying vegetation mats, they should be in full contact with the soil and rock slope. After each vegetation mat is laid, it should be fixed with U-shaped iron nails at a staggered interval of 1m-1.5m. Adjacent vegetation mats should be overlapped. The vegetation mats should be fixed by digging trenches around them. (3) After the vegetation mat is laid, cover it with 2-3 cm of soil evenly by hand or machine. After covering with soil, flatten and compact it to ensure it is fully combined with the soil. Then spray the surface of the vegetation mat with a sodium bicarbonate solution with a pH of 7.5-8 once, at a rate of 2-3 L / m². 2 .

3. The multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for preparing the vegetation layer is as follows: a mixture of stabilizing gel, organic fertilizer, and coconut fiber in a mass ratio of 10:5:10 is prepared. Grass seeds are then sown into the mixture and dried at 35-40℃ for 12-15 hours to obtain the vegetation layer, which has a thickness of 1-1.5 cm.

4. The multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The selection of grass species for the vegetation layer is as follows: the vegetation mat laid on the ridges shall be one or more of the legume forage grasses alfalfa, white clover, and red clover, with an addition amount of 1m³. 2 Sprinkle 15-20g of grass seeds into the mixture; for the vegetation mat laid in the furrows, choose one or more of the following grasses: ryegrass, sheepgrass, and awnless bromegrass, adding them at a rate of 1m³. 2 Sprinkle 20-25g of grass seeds into the mixture.

5. A multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the fixing layer and the bottom layer are made of polyethylene material with a mesh size of 30×30mm and a thickness of 0.2-0.5cm.

6. A multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The insulating layer is woven from polypropylene fibers with a density of 0.91-0.93 g / cm³. 2 The polypropylene fiber cloth has a thickness of 1-1.5cm.

7. A multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel according to claim 6, characterized in that, The nutrient storage layer is made of coconut shell fiber and organic fertilizer at a mass ratio of 3:1, and the density of the coconut shell fiber is 0.6-0.8 g / cm³. 2 The thickness is 0.2-0.4cm.

8. A multifunctional orchard weed control mat based on dynamic response gel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The loose covering layer is composed of coconut fiberboard made of coconut husk fibers, with a density of 1-1.2 g / cm³. 2 The thickness is 0.1-0.2cm.

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