A layered hydroponic tank nutrient solution supply system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural planting, and more particularly to a layered hydroponic tank nutrient solution supply system, which comprises at least one liquid level maintaining mechanism, at least one sliding switch mechanism and a nutrient solution adding control mechanism, the liquid level maintaining mechanism is connected to the nutrient solution adding control mechanism through the sliding switch mechanism, the opening and closing of the infusion valve and the start and stop of the nutrient solution adding control mechanism can be controlled according to the lifting of the floating body, and the supply of the nutrient solution is realized by the cooperation of the mechanisms. The present application can automatically and accurately supply the nutrient solution to the layered hydroponic tank, ensure the supply of nutrients required for the growth of hydroponic plants, and realize control by using mechanical structure, thereby reducing the cost and maintenance problems caused by intelligent control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural hydroponic cultivation technology, and in particular to a tiered hydroponic pond nutrient solution replenishment system. Background Technology

[0002] Hydroponics has developed rapidly in modern agricultural production due to its numerous advantages, including saving land, efficient resource utilization, and easy and precise control of plant growth environment, which has attracted widespread attention and application. Hydroponics breaks the limitations of traditional soil cultivation, enabling large-scale planting in limited spaces, effectively improving the yield and quality of agricultural products, and propelling agriculture towards modernization and industrialization. At the same time, this planting method reduces the impact of soil pollution and pests, making agricultural products greener and healthier, meeting current consumer demand for high-quality food.

[0003] In the past, common methods for replenishing nutrient solutions in hydroponic ponds included manual replenishment, where people periodically checked the nutrient solution level and added it manually based on experience and observation. While simple and direct, this method relied heavily on manual operation, resulting in a massive workload and high labor costs for large-scale hydroponics. Another method was timed replenishment, which involved adding nutrient solution at pre-set intervals using a timer. This reduced the workload to some extent, but the inability to adjust based on actual nutrient solution consumption could easily lead to over- or under-addition. Sensor-controlled replenishment was also common, using a level sensor to detect the nutrient solution level and automatically activating the nutrient solution addition device when the level fell below a set value. However, this method required complex electronic equipment and control systems, resulting in higher costs, and the accuracy and stability of the sensors were susceptible to environmental factors such as water quality and temperature.

[0004] Existing nutrient solution replenishment methods for hydroponic ponds have significant drawbacks. Manual replenishment is not only inefficient and unable to meet the needs of large-scale cultivation, but it is also prone to delays due to human error. Timed replenishment lacks flexibility and cannot be dynamically adjusted based on actual consumption, potentially leading to nutrient waste or insufficient supply, thus affecting normal plant growth. While sensor-controlled replenishment is relatively intelligent, it suffers from high equipment costs, difficult maintenance, and significant susceptibility to environmental interference, resulting in poor reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a tiered hydroponic pond nutrient solution replenishment system that can automatically add nutrient solution to the hydroponic pond.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A tiered hydroponic nutrient solution replenishment system includes at least one liquid level maintenance mechanism, at least one sliding switch mechanism, and a nutrient solution addition control mechanism, wherein...

[0008] The liquid level maintenance mechanism is connected to the nutrient solution addition control mechanism via a sliding switch mechanism;

[0009] The liquid level maintenance mechanism includes a float, a liquid delivery pipe, a liquid delivery valve, and a valve control circuit; the float is installed inside the hydroponic tank, the outlet of the liquid delivery pipe is located above the hydroponic tank, and the liquid delivery valve is installed on the liquid delivery pipe;

[0010] When the float descends, the valve control circuit controls the infusion valve to open and drives the sliding switch mechanism to close so that the nutrient solution addition control mechanism adds nutrient solution into the hydroponic tank.

[0011] When the float rises, the valve control circuit controls the infusion valve to close and drives the sliding switch mechanism to open, so that the nutrient solution addition control mechanism stops adding nutrient solution to the hydroponic tank.

[0012] Optionally, the liquid level maintenance mechanism also includes a connecting rod, a conductive sleeve, a valve control motor, a transmission gear, and a rack, wherein...

[0013] The conductive sleeve is fixed in place.

[0014] The connecting rod is vertically slidably installed in the conductive sleeve. The connecting rod consists of an upper conductive rod body, an upper insulating rod body, a lower conductive rod body, and a lower insulating rod body from top to bottom. The lower insulating rod body is fixedly installed on the float.

[0015] The valve control motor is fixedly installed, the transmission gear is connected to the rotating shaft of the valve control motor, the rack meshes with the transmission gear, and the rack is connected to the infusion valve for transmission.

[0016] The valve control circuit is electrically connected to the valve control motor, the upper conductive rod, the lower conductive rod, and the conductive sleeve. When the upper conductive rod contacts the conductive sleeve, the control circuit controls the valve control motor to drive the infusion valve to open. When the lower conductive rod contacts the conductive sleeve, the control circuit controls the valve control motor to drive the infusion valve to close.

[0017] Optionally, the valve control circuit includes a power supply, an infusion switch, a first normally closed spring switch, a second normally closed spring switch, a first electromagnet, a second electromagnet, a first protective resistor, a second protective resistor, a third normally closed spring switch, and a fourth normally closed spring switch; wherein

[0018] The positive terminal of the power supply is electrically connected to the infusion switch and the conductive sleeve;

[0019] The upper conductive rod, valve control motor, second protective resistor, fourth normally closed spring switch, first electromagnet, second normally closed spring switch and power supply negative terminal are electrically connected;

[0020] The valve control motor, the second electromagnet, the third normally closed spring switch, and the lower conductive rod are electrically connected.

[0021] The upper conductive rod, the first protective resistor, the third normally closed spring switch, and the negative terminal of the power supply are electrically connected.

[0022] The first electromagnet and the third normally closed spring switch are arranged facing each other; the second electromagnet and the fourth normally closed spring switch are arranged facing each other.

[0023] Optionally, an insulating lever is provided on the rack, and the first normally closed spring switch and the second normally closed spring switch are arranged alternately, with the insulating lever positioned between the first normally closed spring switch and the second normally closed spring switch.

[0024] Optionally, the nutrient solution addition control mechanism includes a receiving chamber, a piston, a push rod, a solution injection control motor, a drive gear, and a solution injection control circuit, wherein...

[0025] The receiving cavity is fixedly set, with one end forming a liquid outlet and the other end forming an installation port, and a feeding port forming on the cavity wall;

[0026] The piston sliding seal is located inside the receiving cavity;

[0027] The push rod is fixedly installed on the end face of the piston away from the liquid outlet, and the surface of the push rod is formed with transmission teeth;

[0028] The injection control motor is fixedly installed, the drive gear is connected to the rotating shaft of the injection control motor, and the drive gear meshes with the transmission gear on the push rod;

[0029] The injection control circuit is electrically connected to the injection control motor. When the piston moves to the outlet, the injection control circuit controls the injection control motor to drive the piston away from the outlet. When the piston moves to the mounting port, the injection control circuit controls the injection control motor to drive the piston closer to the outlet.

[0030] Optionally, the injection control circuit includes a forward injection switch, a reverse injection switch, a first protective resistor, a second protective resistor, a first normally closed spring switch, and a second normally closed spring switch; wherein...

[0031] The positive terminal of the power supply, the first protective resistor, the first normally closed spring switch, the positive terminal of the liquid injection control motor, the negative terminal of the liquid injection control motor, the positive liquid injection switch, and the negative terminal of the power supply are connected in sequence.

[0032] The positive terminal of the power supply, the second protective resistor, the second normally closed spring switch, the negative terminal of the liquid injection control motor, the positive terminal of the liquid injection control motor, the reverse liquid injection switch, and the negative terminal of the power supply are electrically connected.

[0033] Optionally, the sliding switch mechanism includes a slider, a slide rail, a push-pull rod, two insulated rotating rods, and two conductive rigid rods, wherein...

[0034] Slide rail fixed setting;

[0035] The slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail;

[0036] One end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the rack, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider;

[0037] One end of each conductive rigid rod is rotatably mounted on the slider via a corresponding insulating rotating rod;

[0038] A first contact and a second contact are provided to disconnect the positive terminal of the power supply from the first protective resistor. The other end of a conductive rigid rod is fixedly connected to the first contact, and the conductive rigid rod can be operably connected to or disconnected from the second contact.

[0039] A third contact and a fourth contact are provided to disconnect the negative terminal of the power supply and the positive liquid injection switch. The other end of another conductive rigid rod is fixedly connected to the third contact, and the other conductive rigid rod can be operably connected to or disconnected from the fourth contact.

[0040] Optionally, a first normally closed spring switch is installed at one end of the receiving cavity, and a second normally closed spring switch is installed at the other end of the receiving cavity; a first magnet is fixedly installed at the end of the lever of both the first and second normally closed spring switches, with the same magnetic poles of the two first magnets facing the receiving cavity; a second magnet is installed on the piston, with the magnetic poles of the second magnet facing the first magnets being the same as the magnetic poles of the first magnets facing the receiving cavity.

[0041] Optionally, the nutrient solution addition control mechanism also includes a solution addition component, which includes a mixer, a feed pipe, a first ball valve, a water injection funnel, and a second ball valve. The upper end of the mixer is connected to the feed funnel; the feed pipe is inclined, with its upper end connected to the lower end of the mixer and its lower end connected to the feed inlet; the water injection funnel is connected to the middle of the feed pipe; the first ball valve and the second ball valve are respectively installed at the lower end of the mixer and the lower end of the water injection funnel.

[0042] Optionally, the liquid injection control circuit also includes a sliding rheostat, an ammeter, and a second switch. The sliding rheostat, ammeter, and second switch are connected in series with the power supply, and the sliding terminal of the sliding rheostat is fixedly connected to the push rod.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. It can automatically control the addition of nutrient solution according to the liquid level in the hydroponic tank, avoiding the problems of low efficiency, difficulty in meeting the needs of large-scale planting, and untimely replenishment due to human negligence in manual replenishment;

[0045] 2. The amount of nutrient solution added can be adjusted in real time according to the actual consumption of nutrient solution in the hydroponic tank, overcoming the shortcomings of timed replenishment method which lacks flexibility and is prone to waste or insufficient supply of nutrient solution;

[0046] 3. It does not require complex electronic equipment and control systems, reducing costs, and is unaffected by environmental factors such as water quality and temperature, thus improving the reliability of nutrient solution replenishment. Attached Figure Description

[0047] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tiered hydroponic nutrient solution replenishment system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram for controlling the opening of the infusion valve according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram for controlling the closure of the infusion valve according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 The circuit diagram for the forward rotation of the injection control motor for injection according to the present invention is shown below.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the liquid injection control motor reversing and retracting according to the present invention.

[0053] In the diagram: 1. Float; 2. Connecting rod; 3. Conductive sleeve; 4. Infusion pipeline; 5. Infusion valve; 6. Valve control motor; 7. Transmission gear; 8. Rack; 9. Power supply; 10. Infusion switch; 11. First normally closed spring switch; 12. Second normally closed spring switch; 13. First electromagnet; 14. Second electromagnet; 15. First protective resistor; 16. Second protective resistor; 17. Third normally closed spring switch; 18. Fourth normally closed spring switch; 19. Insulating lever; 20. Support base; 21. Adjusting rod; 22. Upper conductive rod; 23. Upper insulating rod; 24. Lower conductive rod; 25. Lower insulating rod; 26. Receiving cavity; 27. Piston; 28. Push rod; 29. ​​Infusion control motor; 30. Active gear 31. Wheel; 32. Outlet; 33. Mounting port; 34. Feeding port; 35. Forward injection switch; 36. Reverse injection switch; 37. First protective resistor; 38. Second protective resistor; 39. First normally closed spring switch; 40. First magnet; 41. Second magnet; 42. Mixer; 43. Feeding pipe; 44. First ball valve; 45. Water injection funnel; 46. Second ball valve; 47. Feeding funnel; 48. First switch; 49. Sliding rheostat; 50. Ammeter; 51. Second switch; 52. Slider; 53. Slide rail; 54. Push-pull rod; 55. Insulated rotating rod; 56. Conductive rigid rod; 57. First contact; 58. Second contact; 59. Third contact; 60. Fourth contact. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] Combination Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a tiered hydroponic nutrient solution replenishment system, including at least one liquid level maintenance mechanism, at least one sliding switch mechanism, and a nutrient solution addition control mechanism. The liquid level maintenance mechanism is connected to the nutrient solution addition control mechanism via the sliding switch mechanism. The liquid level maintenance mechanism includes a float 1, a delivery pipe 4, a delivery valve 5, and a valve control circuit. The float 1 is disposed in the hydroponic tank, the outlet of the delivery pipe 4 is located above the hydroponic tank, and the delivery valve 5 is disposed on the delivery pipe 4. When the float 1 descends, the valve control circuit controls the delivery valve 5 to open and drives the sliding switch mechanism to close so that the nutrient solution addition control mechanism adds nutrient solution to the hydroponic tank. When the float 1 rises, the valve control circuit controls the delivery valve 5 to close and drives the sliding switch mechanism to open so that the nutrient solution addition control mechanism stops adding nutrient solution to the hydroponic tank.

[0057] Specifically, the liquid level maintenance mechanism in this embodiment also includes a connecting rod 2, a conductive sleeve 3, a valve control motor 6, a transmission gear 7, a rack 8, and a valve control circuit. The float 1 is placed in the liquid and moves up and down with the rise and fall of the liquid level. The conductive sleeve 3 is fixedly set. The connecting rod 2 is vertically slidably set in the conductive sleeve 3. The connecting rod 2 can move up and down linearly along the conductive sleeve 3, achieving the beneficial effect of driving the connecting rod 2 to slide in the conductive sleeve 3 by the change of liquid level. This is because the float 1 is connected to the connecting rod 2, and the rise and fall of the liquid level will directly cause the float 1 to rise and fall, thereby driving the connecting rod 2 to slide in the conductive sleeve 3.

[0058] The outlet of the infusion pipeline 4 is located above the hydroponic tank to facilitate the flow of liquid into the hydroponic tank. The infusion valve 5 is installed on the infusion pipeline 4 to control the flow of liquid in the infusion pipeline 4. The valve control motor 6 is fixedly installed, and the transmission gear 7 is connected to the rotating shaft of the valve control motor 6. The rack 8 meshes with the transmission gear 7. When the valve control motor 6 rotates, the rotational motion is converted into linear motion through the meshing of the transmission gear 7 and the rack 8, thereby driving the opening and closing of the infusion valve 5.

[0059] The valve control circuit is electrically connected to the valve control motor 6, the upper conductive rod, the lower conductive rod, and the conductive sleeve 3. It controls the operation of the valve control motor 6 based on the contact status between the conductive rod and the conductive sleeve 3, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the infusion valve 5 and ultimately maintaining the liquid level. For example, when the upper conductive rod contacts the conductive sleeve 3, the control circuit controls the valve control motor 6 to drive the infusion valve 5 to open; when the lower conductive rod contacts the conductive sleeve 3, the control circuit controls the valve control motor 6 to drive the infusion valve 5 to close.

[0060] Specifically, float 1 includes a buoy or other object with sufficient buoyancy, such as a cylindrical float. Buoys are generally made of hollow plastic, a material with low density, high buoyancy, and corrosion resistance, allowing them to float well on the liquid surface and resist corrosion even after prolonged use. Buoys are typically spherical in shape, minimizing resistance in the liquid and allowing for more flexible movement up and down with surface fluctuations. Cylindrical floats, on the other hand, can be made of metal with an anti-corrosion coating. They are suitable for maintaining the liquid level in large hydroponic ponds due to their large surface area, enabling them to better adapt to wide variations in the liquid level. Float 1 is positioned within the liquid, floating stably on the surface and moving synchronously with the rise and fall of the liquid level.

[0061] Specifically, the connecting rod 2, from top to bottom, includes an upper conductive rod, an upper insulating rod, a lower conductive rod, and a lower insulating rod, with the lower insulating rod fixedly mounted on the float 1. The upper conductive rod is generally made of copper, which has excellent conductivity, ensuring smooth current transmission. It is typically cylindrical with a smooth surface to reduce friction when sliding within the conductive sleeve 3. The upper insulating rod can be made of rubber, which has good insulation properties, effectively isolating current and preventing leakage. The upper insulating rod is tightly connected to the upper conductive rod and can be fixed together by sleeve or adhesive bonding, making it a single unit. The lower conductive rod is also made of copper and has the same conductivity and structural characteristics as the upper conductive rod. The lower insulating rod is made of plastic, which is hard and has good insulation properties. The lower insulating rod is fixed to the float 1 by a threaded connection, screwing the lower insulating rod into a specific threaded hole in the float 1 to ensure a stable connection. The connecting rod 2 slides vertically within the conductive sleeve 3, thus enabling it to move up and down within the conductive sleeve 3 as the float 1 rises and falls.

[0062] Specifically, the conductive sleeve 3 is generally made of metal, such as stainless steel. Stainless steel not only has good conductivity but also strong corrosion resistance, making it suitable for various liquid environments. The inner wall of the conductive sleeve 3 is polished to reduce the coefficient of friction between it and the connecting rod 2, allowing the connecting rod 2 to slide more smoothly within it. The conductive sleeve 3 is fixed in place by a bracket or other structure to ensure its positional stability and prevent it from shaking or shifting due to external factors.

[0063] Specifically, the infusion pipeline 4 can be made of plastic or metal. Plastic pipelines, such as PVC pipes, have advantages such as light weight, low price, and corrosion resistance; metal pipelines, such as steel pipes, have advantages such as high strength and good pressure resistance. The outlet of the infusion pipeline 4 is located above the liquid surface to ensure that the liquid can flow smoothly into the hydroponic tank. The infusion valve 5 can be a ball valve or a gate valve. In this embodiment, a ball valve is used because ball valves have fast opening and closing speed and good sealing performance; gate valves have a large flow adjustment range and can more accurately control the flow of liquid. In this embodiment, the infusion valve 5 is installed on the infusion pipeline 4. A gear is fixedly installed at one end of the ball valve. The ball valve meshes with the rack 8 through the gear, and through cooperation with the valve control motor 6, the flow of liquid in the infusion pipeline 4 is controlled.

[0064] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the valve control motor 6 is a self-locking motor. After stopping rotation, the self-locking motor automatically locks its position to prevent malfunctions due to external interference. It typically uses a permanent magnet DC motor, which has advantages such as small size, high efficiency, and good speed regulation performance. The valve control motor 6 is fixed in place by bolts or other means to ensure its positional accuracy and stability. The transmission gear 7 is connected to the shaft of the valve control motor 6 by a key, ensuring synchronous rotation between the two. The transmission gear 7 is generally made of alloy steel, which has high strength and wear resistance. The rack 8 meshes with the transmission gear 7. The rack 8 is also made of alloy steel, and its tooth profile is designed to match the tooth profile of the transmission gear 7 to ensure smooth and accurate transmission.

[0065] Combination Figures 2 to 3 As shown, the valve control circuit of this embodiment includes a power supply 9, an infusion switch 10, a first normally closed spring switch 11, a second normally closed spring switch 12, a first electromagnet 13, a second electromagnet 14, a first protective resistor 15, a second protective resistor 16, a third normally closed spring switch 17, and a fourth normally closed spring switch 18. The positive terminal of the power supply 9 is electrically connected to the infusion switch 10 and the conductive sleeve 3. The upper conductive rod, the valve control motor 6, the second protective resistor 16, the fourth normally closed spring switch 18, the first electromagnet 13, the second normally closed spring switch 12, and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 are electrically connected. The valve control motor 6, the second electromagnet 14, the third normally closed spring switch 17, and the lower conductive rod are electrically connected. The upper conductive rod, the first protective resistor 15, the third normally closed spring switch 17, and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 are electrically connected. The first electromagnet 13 and the third normally closed spring switch 17 are arranged opposite each other. The second electromagnet 14 and the fourth normally closed spring switch 18 are arranged opposite each other. It is easy to understand that the connection order of the various components can be adjusted according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose specific restrictions.

[0066] In addition, an insulating lever 19 is provided on the rack 8. The first normally closed spring switch 11 and the second normally closed spring switch 12 are arranged alternately, and the insulating lever 19 is located between the first normally closed spring switch 11 and the second normally closed spring switch 12. When the rack 8 moves, the insulating lever 19 moves with the rack 8. When the insulating lever 19 touches the first normally closed spring switch 11 or the second normally closed spring switch 12, it will change the state of the spring switch, thereby affecting the opening and closing of the circuit.

[0067] The specific control principle of this embodiment is as follows: When the infusion switch 10 is closed, the entire circuit is started. At this time, the nutrient solution level has not dropped, and the insulating lever 19 touches the first normally closed spring switch 11 to disconnect it. When the nutrient solution level drops, the upper conductive rod body contacts the conductive sleeve 3, and the branch connecting the positive terminal of the power supply 9, the infusion switch 10, the conductive sleeve 3, the upper conductive rod body, the valve control motor 6, the second protective resistor 16, the fourth normally closed spring switch 18, the first electromagnet 13, the second normally closed spring switch 12, and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 is connected. No current is generated in the branch connecting the valve control motor 6, the second electromagnet 14, the first normally closed spring switch 11, and the lower conductive rod body. However, because the first electromagnet 13 generates magnetic force, the third normally closed spring switch 17 is disconnected, and the upper conductive rod body, the first protective resistor 15, the third normally closed spring switch 17, and the... No current is generated in the branch connected to the negative terminal of power supply 9. At this time, the valve control motor 6 rotates forward, driving the rack 8 to move closer to the second normally closed spring switch 12, and the infusion valve 5 gradually opens. When the infusion valve 5 is fully open, the insulating lever 19 touches the second normally closed spring switch 12 to disconnect it. The branch connected to the positive terminal of power supply 9, infusion switch 10, conductive sleeve 3, upper conductive rod, valve control motor 6, second protective resistor 16, fourth normally closed spring switch 18, first electromagnet 13, second normally closed spring switch 12 and negative terminal of power supply 9 loses current. Current is generated in the branch connected to the upper conductive rod, first protective resistor 15, third normally closed spring switch 17 and negative terminal of power supply 9 to form a protective circuit. The valve control motor 6 stops rotating and self-locks. At this time, liquid can be delivered into the hydroponic tank through the infusion pipe 4 to raise the liquid level.

[0068] When the nutrient solution level rises, the lower conductive rod contacts the conductive sleeve 3. Current is generated in the branch connecting the positive terminal of power supply 9, infusion switch 10, conductive sleeve 3, lower conductive rod, first normally closed spring switch 11, second electromagnet 14, valve control motor 6, first protective resistor 15, third normally closed spring switch 17, and the negative terminal of power supply 9, forming a circuit. Meanwhile, the second normally closed spring switch 12 is also disconnected by the insulating lever 19, so no current is generated in this branch connecting the second protective resistor 16, fourth normally closed spring switch 18, first electromagnet 13, second normally closed spring switch 12, and the negative terminal of power supply 9. The current flowing through the valve control motor 6 is opposite to that when the liquid level drops, so the valve control motor 6 reverses and drives the rack 8 to move closer to the first normally closed spring switch 11, and the infusion valve 5 gradually closes. When the infusion valve 5 is completely closed, the insulating lever 19 touches the first normally closed spring switch 11 to disconnect it, the valve control motor 6 stops rotating and self-locks; at this time, the infusion pipeline 4 stops supplying liquid to the hydroponic tank. It is worth noting that when the valve control motor 6 reverses and drives the rack 8 to move closer to the first normally closed spring switch 11, although the insulating lever 19 moves away from the second normally closed spring switch 12, the magnetic force generated by the second electromagnet 14 causes the fourth normally closed spring switch 18 to open. Therefore, this branch connecting the second protective resistor 16, the fourth normally closed spring switch 18, the first electromagnet 13, the second normally closed spring switch 12, and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 still has no current. When the liquid level drops again, the above process will repeat, achieving automatic control of the liquid level.

[0069] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the liquid level maintenance mechanism in this embodiment also includes a support base 20 and an adjusting rod 21. The support base 20 is fixedly installed, and the adjusting rod 21 is horizontally slidably installed on the support assembly. The conductive sleeve 3 is fixedly connected to the adjusting rod 21.

[0070] Furthermore, the lower insulating rod has several pin holes formed from top to bottom. The lower insulating rod is inserted into the middle of the float 1, and both the upper and lower ends of the float 1 are fixed by inserting pins into the pin holes.

[0071] The nutrient solution addition control mechanism of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0072] The nutrient solution addition control mechanism disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention includes a receiving cavity 26, a piston 27, a push rod 28, a liquid injection control motor 29, a drive gear 30, and a liquid injection control circuit, wherein...

[0073] A receiving cavity 26 is fixedly installed, and a piston 27 is slidably and sealed inside the receiving cavity 26. A push rod 28 is fixedly installed on the end face of the piston 27 away from the outlet 31, and the surface of the push rod 28 has transmission teeth. A liquid injection control motor 29 is fixedly installed, and a drive gear 30 is connected to the shaft of the liquid injection control motor 29. The drive gear 30 meshes with the transmission teeth on the push rod 28. The liquid injection control motor 29 drives the push rod 28 through the drive gear 30, causing the piston 27 to move within the receiving cavity 26. The liquid injection control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid injection control motor 29 and can control the motor's rotation direction according to the position of the piston 27, achieving precise control of the solution addition amount and avoiding interference from human factors and environmental factors. Because the piston 27 can move according to the set stroke through motor drive and circuit control, it can accurately draw in and discharge a quantitative amount of solution.

[0074] Specifically, the receiving cavity 26 is fixedly installed, with one end forming a liquid outlet 31 connected to the infusion pipeline 4, and the other end forming an installation port 32. A feeding port 33 is formed on the cavity wall. The receiving cavity 26 is generally made of metal or high-strength plastic, and its shape is usually cylindrical to facilitate the sliding of the piston 27. Of course, it can also be designed into other shapes, such as square, according to actual needs. The liquid outlet 31 is used to discharge the solution into the target container, and its opening size is determined according to the fluidity of the solution and the required discharge rate. The installation port 32 must ensure sufficient space for installing components such as the piston 27 and push rod 28. The position and size of the feeding port 33 are determined according to actual needs, and it is generally located on the side of the cavity wall for convenient addition of the solution. In some cases, the receiving cavity 26 can also be made of special materials such as ceramic to accommodate solutions with high requirements for chemical reaction stability.

[0075] Furthermore, the piston 27 is provided with a sliding seal inside the receiving cavity 26. The piston 27 is typically cylindrical, with its outer diameter matching the inner diameter of the receiving cavity 26 to achieve good sliding and sealing effects. The surface of the piston 27 can be made of a smooth material, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene coating, to reduce friction with the inner wall of the receiving cavity 26 and improve sealing performance. To further enhance the sealing effect, a rubber sealing ring can also be provided at the edge of the piston 27. Of course, in some special applications, a silicone piston 27 can also be used to meet different chemical requirements.

[0076] Furthermore, the push rod 28 is generally made of metal materials, such as aluminum alloy, to ensure its strength and rigidity. The transmission teeth are evenly distributed on the surface of the push rod 28, and their shape and size must match the drive gear 30; involute tooth profiles are common. The push rod 28 can be connected to the piston 27 by threaded connection or bonding, ensuring a stable connection between the two. In some applications where weight is a critical factor, a carbon fiber push rod 28 can be used to reduce the overall weight of the device.

[0077] Furthermore, the injection control motor 29 is typically a stepper motor, which can precisely control the rotation angle and speed, thereby achieving precise control over the movement distance of the piston 27. The drive gear 30 is generally made of steel, possessing high hardness and wear resistance. The drive gear 30 and the shaft of the injection control motor 29 can be connected by a key to ensure synchronous rotation. The meshing clearance between the drive gear 30 and the transmission teeth on the push rod 28 must be moderate; too large a clearance may lead to unstable transmission, while too small a clearance will increase wear. In certain special cases, a servo motor can be used instead of a stepper motor to achieve higher control precision.

[0078] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the injection control circuit is electrically connected to the injection control motor 29;

[0079] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the injection control circuit of this embodiment includes a forward injection switch 34, a reverse injection switch 35, a first protective resistor 36, a second protective resistor 37, a first normally closed spring switch 38, and a second normally closed spring switch 39. The positive terminal of the power supply 9, the first protective resistor 36, the first normally closed spring switch 38, the positive terminal of the injection control motor 29, the negative terminal of the injection control motor 29, the forward injection switch 34, and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 are connected in sequence. The positive terminal of the power supply 9, the second protective resistor 37, the second normally closed spring switch 39, the negative terminal of the injection control motor 29, the positive terminal of the injection control motor 29, the reverse injection switch 35, and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 are also connected in sequence. By closing and opening the switches, the forward and reverse rotation of the injection control motor 29 is controlled, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the movement direction of the piston 27.

[0080] Specifically, the forward injection switch 34 and the reverse injection switch 35 are used to control the direction of current flow and determine the rotation direction of the motor. The first protective resistor 36 and the second protective resistor 37 serve to limit current and prevent excessive current from damaging the motor and other components. The first normally closed spring switch 38 and the second normally closed spring switch 39 automatically close or open according to the position of the piston 27, realizing automatic control of the motor operation.

[0081] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first normally closed spring switch 38 is installed at one end of the receiving cavity 26, and the second normally closed spring switch 39 is installed at the other end of the receiving cavity 26. The ends of the levers of the first normally closed spring switch 38 and the second normally closed spring switch 39 are fixedly equipped with first magnets 40, and the same magnetic poles of the two first magnets 40 face the receiving cavity 26. A second magnet 41 is installed on the piston 27, and the magnetic poles of the second magnet 41 facing the first magnet 40 are the same as the magnetic poles of the first magnet 40 facing the receiving cavity 26. When the piston 27 approaches, the switch is activated by the principle of like poles repelling each other.

[0082] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: When it is necessary to add solution to the outside, the forward injection switch 34 is closed, which makes the circuit of the positive terminal of the power supply 9, the first protective resistor 36, the first normally closed spring switch 38, the positive terminal of the injection control motor 29, the negative terminal of the injection control motor 29, the forward injection switch 34, and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 conductive. At this time, the injection control motor 29 rotates forward, pushing the piston 27 to move towards the outlet 31. When the piston 27 approaches the first normally closed spring switch 38, the second magnet 41 and the first magnet 40 repel each other, causing the first normally closed spring switch 38 to open, and the injection control motor 29 stops rotating. At this time, the solution in the receiving cavity 26 is just finished, and the piston 27 needs to be returned to refill the receiving cavity 26 with solution. At this time, the forward injection switch 34 is opened, the reverse injection switch 35 is closed, and the injection control motor 29 rotates in the reverse direction, pushing the piston 27 to move towards the installation port 32, so that the solution can be filled into the receiving cavity 26 through the feeding port 33.

[0083] Combination Figure 1 As shown, the nutrient solution addition control mechanism in this embodiment also includes a solution addition component, which includes a mixer 42, a feed pipe 43, a first ball valve 44, a water injection funnel 45, and a second ball valve 46. The upper end of the mixer 42 is connected to the feeding funnel 47; the feed pipe 43 is inclined and its upper end is connected to the lower end of the mixer 42, and its lower end is connected to the feeding port 33; the water injection funnel 45 is connected to the middle of the feed pipe 43; the first ball valve 44 and the second ball valve 46 are respectively installed at the lower end of the mixer 42 and the lower end of the water injection funnel 45.

[0084] Specifically, the mixer 42 consists of a mixing motor, a mixing blade, and a mixing tank. The mixing motor drives the mixing blade to rotate, thoroughly mixing the added raw materials to ensure uniform mixing. The shape and number of mixing blades are designed according to actual needs; common types include propellers and turbines. The mixing tank is generally made of stainless steel, which has good corrosion resistance. The feeding funnel 47 is used to add raw materials into the mixer 42; its large opening facilitates operation.

[0085] The feed pipe 43 is inclined, allowing the stirred solution to flow smoothly into the receiving chamber 26 using gravity. The feed pipe 43 typically has a pipe-like structure, and its inner diameter is determined based on the solution's flow rate and viscosity. A first ball valve 44 is installed at the lower end of the mixer 42 to control the flow of the stirred solution into the feed pipe 43; a second ball valve 46 is installed at the lower end of the water injection funnel 45 to control the amount of water injected. The advantages of ball valves are ease of operation, good sealing, and precise control of fluid flow and on / off conditions.

[0086] Furthermore, the mixer 42 is electrically connected to the power supply 9, and a first switch 48 is connected in series between the mixer 42 and the power supply 9 to control the start and stop of the mixing motor.

[0087] Furthermore, the liquid injection control circuit of this embodiment also includes a sliding rheostat 49, an ammeter 50, and a second switch 51. The sliding rheostat 49, the ammeter 50, and the second switch 51 are connected in series with the power supply 9, and the sliding terminal of the sliding rheostat 49 is fixedly connected to the push rod 28. By connecting the sliding rheostat 49, the ammeter 50, and the second switch 51 in series with the power supply 9 and fixing the sliding terminal of the sliding rheostat 49 to the push rod 28, the remaining amount of solution in the receiving cavity 26 can be reflected by the reading of the ammeter 50.

[0088] The sliding switch mechanism of this embodiment will be described in detail below.

[0089] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment uses a sliding switch mechanism to automatically control the nutrient solution addition control mechanism to add nutrient solution after the infusion valve 4 is fully opened, and to stop the nutrient solution addition action after the infusion valve 4 is fully closed.

[0090] Specifically, the sliding switch mechanism includes a slider 52, a slide rail 53, a push-pull rod 54, two insulating rotating rods 55, and two conductive rigid rods 56. The slide rail 53 is fixedly mounted and can be installed on a suitable bracket. The slider 52 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 53, allowing it to slide freely on the slide rail 53. One end of the push-pull rod 54 is fixedly connected to a rack, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider 52. When the rack moves, it drives the slider 52 to slide on the slide rail 53 via the push-pull rod 54. One end of each conductive rigid rod 56 is rotatably mounted on the slider 52 via a corresponding insulating rotating rod 55. The insulating rotating rod 55 provides insulation to prevent short circuits. A first contact 57 and a second contact 58 are disconnected between the positive terminal of the power supply 9 and the first protective resistor 36. One end of a conductive rigid rod 56 is fixedly connected to the first contact 57, and the other conductive rigid rod 56 is operably connected to or disconnected from the second contact 58. A third contact 59 and a fourth contact 60 are disconnected between the negative terminal of the power supply 9 and the positive injection switch 34. The other end of another conductive rigid rod 56 is fixedly connected to the third contact 59, and the other conductive rigid rod 56 is operably connected to or disconnected from the fourth contact 60. By sliding the slider 52, the conductive rigid rods 56 are connected and disconnected from their respective contacts, thereby controlling the on / off state of the injection control circuit.

[0091] In other words, when the insulating lever 19 touches the second normally closed spring switch 12 and disconnects it, the slider 52 slides until one conductive rigid rod 56 is connected to the second contact 58 and the other conductive rigid rod 56 is connected to the fourth contact 60. At this time, the circuit of the positive terminal of the power supply 9, one conductive rigid rod 56, the second contact 58, the first protective resistor 36, the first normally closed spring switch 38, the positive terminal of the liquid injection control motor 29, the negative terminal of the liquid injection control motor 29, the positive liquid injection switch 34, the fourth contact 60, the other conductive rigid rod 56 and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 is connected. At this time, the liquid injection control motor 29 rotates in the forward direction to push the piston 27 to move towards the liquid outlet 31 to add nutrient solution.

[0092] When the nutrient solution level rises, the insulating lever 19 will touch the first normally closed spring switch 11 to disconnect it. At this time, the slider 52 slides until one conductive rigid rod 56 disconnects from the second contact 58, and the other conductive rigid rod 56 disconnects from the fourth contact 60. At this time, the circuit of the positive terminal of the power supply 9, one conductive rigid rod 56, the second contact 58, the first protective resistor 36, the first normally closed spring switch 38, the positive terminal of the liquid injection control motor 29, the negative terminal of the liquid injection control motor 29, the positive liquid injection switch 34, the fourth contact 60, the other conductive rigid rod 56, and the negative terminal of the power supply 9 loses current, and the liquid injection control motor 29 stops injecting liquid.

[0093] It is easy to understand that when there are tiered hydroponic tanks, each tier can be equipped with a liquid level maintenance mechanism and a sliding switch mechanism. Each liquid level maintenance mechanism and sliding switch mechanism on each hydroponic tank can independently control the nutrient solution addition control mechanism to add nutrient solution to the corresponding hydroponic tank.

[0094] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0095] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A tiered hydroponic pond nutrient solution replenishment system, characterized in that: It includes at least one liquid level maintenance mechanism, at least one sliding switch mechanism, and a nutrient solution addition control mechanism, wherein The liquid level maintenance mechanism is connected to the nutrient solution addition control mechanism via the sliding switch mechanism; The liquid level maintenance mechanism includes a float, a liquid delivery pipe, a liquid delivery valve, and a valve control circuit; the float is installed inside the hydroponic tank, the outlet of the liquid delivery pipe is located above the hydroponic tank, and the liquid delivery valve is installed on the liquid delivery pipe. When the float descends, the valve control circuit controls the infusion valve to open and drives the sliding switch mechanism to close so that the nutrient solution addition control mechanism adds nutrient solution to the hydroponic tank; When the float rises, the valve control circuit controls the infusion valve to close and drives the sliding switch mechanism to open so that the nutrient solution addition control mechanism stops adding nutrient solution to the hydroponic tank; The liquid level maintenance mechanism also includes a connecting rod, a conductive sleeve, a valve control motor, a transmission gear, and a rack, wherein... The conductive sleeve is fixedly installed; The connecting rod is vertically slidably disposed in the conductive sleeve. The connecting rod includes, from top to bottom, an upper conductive rod body, an upper insulating rod body, a lower conductive rod body, and a lower insulating rod body. The lower insulating rod body is fixedly disposed on the float. The valve control motor is fixedly installed, the transmission gear is connected to the rotating shaft of the valve control motor, the rack meshes with the transmission gear, and the rack is connected to the infusion valve in a driving connection. The valve control circuit is electrically connected to the valve control motor, the upper conductive rod, the lower conductive rod, and the conductive sleeve. When the upper conductive rod contacts the conductive sleeve, the control circuit controls the valve control motor to drive the infusion valve to open. When the lower conductive rod contacts the conductive sleeve, the control circuit controls the valve control motor to drive the infusion valve to close. The valve control circuit includes a power supply, an infusion switch, a first normally closed spring switch, a second normally closed spring switch, a first electromagnet, a second electromagnet, a first protective resistor, a second protective resistor, a third normally closed spring switch, and a fourth normally closed spring switch; wherein... The positive terminal of the power supply is electrically connected to the infusion switch and the conductive sleeve; The upper conductive rod, the valve control motor, the second protective resistor, the fourth normally closed spring switch, the first electromagnet, the second normally closed spring switch, and the negative terminal of the power supply are electrically connected. The valve control motor, the second electromagnet, the third normally closed spring switch, and the lower conductive rod are electrically connected. The upper conductive rod, the first protective resistor, the third normally closed spring switch, and the negative terminal of the power supply are electrically connected. The first electromagnet is arranged opposite to the third normally closed spring switch; the second electromagnet is arranged opposite to the fourth normally closed spring switch. The nutrient solution addition control mechanism includes a receiving cavity, a piston, a push rod, a solution injection control motor, a drive gear, and a solution injection control circuit. The receiving cavity is fixedly installed, with one end forming a liquid outlet and the other end forming an installation port, and a feeding port formed on the cavity wall of the receiving cavity; The piston sliding seal is disposed inside the receiving cavity; The push rod is fixedly installed on the end face of the piston away from the liquid outlet, and the surface of the push rod is formed with transmission teeth; The injection control motor is fixedly installed, the drive gear is connected to the rotating shaft of the injection control motor, and the drive gear meshes with the transmission gear on the push rod; The injection control circuit is electrically connected to the injection control motor; when the piston moves to the outlet, the injection control circuit controls the injection control motor to drive the piston away from the outlet; when the piston moves to the mounting port, the injection control circuit controls the injection control motor to drive the piston closer to the outlet. The injection control circuit includes a forward injection switch, a reverse injection switch, a first protection resistor, a second protection resistor, a first normally closed spring switch, and a second normally closed spring switch; wherein... The positive terminal of the power supply, the first protective resistor, the first normally closed spring switch, the positive connector of the liquid injection control motor, the negative connector of the liquid injection control motor, the positive liquid injection switch, and the negative terminal of the power supply are connected in sequence. The positive terminal of the power supply, the second protective resistor, the second normally closed spring switch, the negative terminal of the liquid injection control motor, the positive terminal of the liquid injection control motor, the reverse liquid injection switch, and the negative terminal of the power supply are electrically connected. The sliding switch mechanism includes a slider, a slide rail, a push-pull rod, two insulating rotating rods, and two conductive rigid rods, wherein... The slide rail is fixedly installed; The slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail; One end of the push-pull rod is fixedly connected to the rack, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider; One end of each of the conductive rigid rods is rotatably mounted on the slider via a corresponding insulating rotating rod; A first contact and a second contact are provided between the positive terminal of the power supply and the first protective resistor. The other end of one of the conductive rigid rods is fixedly connected to the first contact, and the other conductive rigid rod is operably connected to or disconnected from the second contact. A third contact and a fourth contact are disconnected between the negative terminal of the power supply and the positive liquid injection switch. The other end of the other conductive rod is fixedly connected to the third contact, and the other conductive rod is operable to connect or disconnect from the fourth contact.

2. The tiered hydroponic nutrient solution replenishment system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating lever is provided on the rack, and the first normally closed spring switch and the second normally closed spring switch are arranged alternately, with the insulating lever positioned between the first normally closed spring switch and the second normally closed spring switch.

3. The tiered hydroponic nutrient solution replenishment system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first normally closed spring switch is installed at one end of the receiving cavity, and the second normally closed spring switch is installed at the other end of the receiving cavity; the ends of the levers of the first normally closed spring switch and the second normally closed spring switch are fixedly equipped with first magnets, and the same magnetic poles of the two first magnets face the receiving cavity; a second magnet is installed on the piston, and the magnetic poles of the second magnet facing the first magnets are the same as the magnetic poles of the first magnets facing the receiving cavity.

4. The tiered hydroponic nutrient solution replenishment system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The nutrient solution addition control mechanism further includes a solution addition component, which includes a mixer, a feed pipe, a first ball valve, a water injection funnel, and a second ball valve. The upper end of the mixer is connected to the feed funnel. The feed pipe is inclined, with its upper end connected to the lower end of the mixer and its lower end connected to the feed inlet. The water injection funnel is connected to the middle of the feed pipe. The first ball valve and the second ball valve are respectively installed at the lower end of the mixer and the lower end of the water injection funnel.

5. The tiered hydroponic nutrient solution replenishment system as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid injection control circuit also includes a sliding rheostat, an ammeter, and a second switch. The sliding rheostat, the ammeter, and the second switch are connected in series with the power supply, and the sliding terminal of the sliding rheostat is fixedly connected to the push rod.

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