Trocar

Abstract

The present invention provides a puncture device, which relates to the field of medical device technology. The puncture device provided by the present invention includes a needle pen and a puncture kit. The puncture kit includes a tip, and the tip includes a side blade surface located on the side of the tip and an end blade surface located on the end face of the tip. The side blade surface gradually tilts toward the axis of the tip along the direction close to the end blade surface. The end blade surface is connected to the side blade surface, and the end blade surface is tilted relative to the cross section of the tip. The needle pen includes a gripping front end and a positioning rear end. The gripping front end is connected to the positioning rear end. The surface of the positioning rear end facing the mounting channel is provided with a mounting structure, and the mounting structure is used for detachable connection with the needle seat. The gripping front end includes a shell, a rotary cylinder, and a push-up cylinder. The puncture device provided by the present invention increases the strength of the needle tip while ensuring the puncture force, is not easy to cause tissue tearing or damage, and can reduce surgical costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a puncture device. Background Art

[0002] In ophthalmic surgery, a trocar is an indispensable precision instrument, primarily used for complex procedures such as anterior chamber puncture, vitrectomy, and retinal surgery. Its primary function is to establish a stable channel through tissue puncture, allowing subsequent surgical instruments (such as vitrectomy tips, illumination fibers, and laser fibers) to enter smoothly and complete the corresponding operation.

[0003] Traditional ophthalmic trocar designs often feature a single-bevel or tapered tip. While this design can, to a certain extent, meet tissue penetration requirements and ensure the establishment of a surgical corridor, it can also lead to poor tip strength and a tendency to bend, potentially causing tissue tearing or damage during needle removal. Furthermore, traditional trocars are often disposable and designed for single punctures, significantly increasing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a puncture device that ensures the puncture force while also increasing the strength of the needle tip, is less likely to cause tissue tearing or damage, and can reduce surgical costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a puncture device, comprising a needle placement pen and a puncture kit, wherein the puncture kit comprises a tip, wherein the tip comprises a side blade surface located on the side of the tip and an end blade surface located on the end face of the tip, wherein the side blade surface gradually inclines toward the axis of the tip in a direction approaching the end blade surface, wherein the end blade surface is connected to the side blade surface, and wherein the end blade surface is arranged obliquely relative to the cross section of the tip;

[0007] The puncture kit includes a puncture needle, a self-closing cannula and a needle seat; one end of the puncture needle is the tip, and the other end is connected to the needle seat; the self-closing cannula is configured in plurality, and the plurality of self-closing cannulas are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the puncture needle along the length direction of the puncture needle;

[0008] The needle placement pen includes a gripping front end and a positioning rear end, the gripping front end is connected to the positioning rear end, and an installation channel for installing the puncture kit is formed between the gripping front end and the positioning rear end, and a mounting structure is provided on the surface of the positioning rear end facing the mounting channel, and the mounting structure is used to be detachably connected to the needle seat;

[0009] The holding front end includes an outer shell, a lifting cylinder and a push-up cylinder; the lifting cylinder is connected to the positioning rear end and is provided with a track groove; one end of the push-up cylinder extends into the lifting cylinder and has a guide column that slides with the track groove, and the other end extends out of the lifting cylinder and has a push-up petal; one end of the outer shell is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the lifting cylinder and the push-up petal, and the other end has a retraction cavity, and the inner wall of the outer shell has a spiral groove that cooperates with the guide column, and the guide column makes the push-up cylinder approach or move away from the retraction cavity under the guidance of the spiral groove and the track groove.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, there are two side blade surfaces, the two side blade surfaces are arranged opposite to each other with respect to any longitudinal section of the tip, and the extension surfaces of the two side blade surfaces toward the direction close to the end blade surface intersect at the needle tip point.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the vertical distance between the plane where the end blade surface is located and the needle tip point is 0.05-0.5 mm.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, both of the side cutting edges include a first cutting edge, a second cutting edge and a third cutting edge;

[0013] The first cutting edge surface and the third cutting edge surface both extend to the end cutting edge surface and meet at the side surface of the tip to form a first cutting edge;

[0014] The second blade surface is connected between the first blade surface and the third blade surface and extends to the first blade edge in the direction close to the end blade surface. The second blade surface and the first blade surface intersect on the side of the tip to form a second blade edge, and the second blade surface and the third blade surface intersect on the side of the tip to form a third blade edge.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the end edge surface forms an angle of 120-160° with the longitudinal section;

[0016] And / or, the angle between the two first cutting edges in the two side cutting surfaces is 10-13°.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the first blade surfaces of the two side blade surfaces intersect to form a fourth blade edge, the third blade surfaces of the two side blade surfaces intersect to form a fifth blade edge, and the angle between the fourth blade edge and the fifth blade edge is 15-20°.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the tip is covered with a coating, and the material of the coating is diamond-like carbon.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the self-closing sleeve includes a cap body, a sleeve base and a channel tube;

[0020] The sleeve base is sleeved on the outside of the channel tube;

[0021] One end of the channel tube is connected to the sleeve base, and the other end includes a transition section for reducing puncture resistance. The inner wall of the end of the channel tube connected to the sleeve base is provided with a protrusion for connecting to the pressure relief pipe;

[0022] The cap body is buckled on the sleeve base, and the cap body has an incision for the puncture needle to pass through.

[0023] The trocar provided by the present invention can produce the following beneficial effects:

[0024] In the puncture kit provided by the present invention, since the side blade surface gradually tilts toward the axis of the tip in the direction close to the end blade surface, the tip of the puncture kit can form a sharp structure, thereby facilitating the tip to penetrate the human body. On this basis, the end face of the tip is also provided with an end blade surface, which is connected to the side blade surface and is tilted relative to the cross section of the tip. In this way, the end blade surface can be regarded as being formed by removing the tip from the sharp structure. When in use, the lifting cylinder can be rotated relative to the outer shell, and the guide column, under the guidance of the spiral groove and the track groove, will make the top-receiving cylinder approach or move away from the retraction chamber. In the process of approaching the retraction chamber, the top-receiving petal gradually contacts the retraction chamber and retracts under the pressure of the retraction chamber. In the process of moving away from the retraction chamber, the top-receiving petal gradually separates from the retraction chamber and opens without being squeezed by the retraction chamber.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the puncture kit provided by the present invention has a tipless structural design at the tip, which not only ensures the puncture force but also increases the strength of the needle tip. The tip is not prone to bends, ensuring the reliability of multiple punctures and not prone to tissue tearing or damage. In addition, the above-mentioned needle placement pen is reusable, and after the operation is completed, only the puncture kit needs to be replaced, which ensures safe and effective use while reducing surgical costs and environmental burdens. Finally, holding the front end can not only realize the movement of the rear self-closing cannula to the distal end after the front self-closing cannula is reserved in the eyeball, but also provide support for the rear self-closing cannula when it enters the eyeball, so that multiple punctures can be achieved, further reducing surgical costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a tip provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A side view of a tip provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A local enlarged schematic diagram;

[0030] Figure 4 A front view of a tip provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B;

[0032] Figure 6 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a puncture kit provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 An exploded view of a self-closing sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a self-closing cannula provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 A front view of a first self-closing sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 A front view of a second self-closing sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 11 A front view of a third self-closing sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 12 A front view of a fourth self-closing sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 A front view of a fifth self-closing sleeve provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 14 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a self-closing sleeve and a pressure relief pipe in cooperation with each other provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an acupuncture needle placement pen provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 16 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of an acupuncture needle placement pen provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 17 A partial cross-sectional view of a needle placement pen inserted into a puncture kit according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a gripping front end provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 19 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a grip front end provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 20 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a push-on cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a rotary cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 22 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 23 A partial cross-sectional view of a needle placement pen inserted into a puncture kit according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0050] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a position control backend provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 25 A longitudinal cross-sectional view of a position control rear end provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 26 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a needle placement rod provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 27 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a push rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 28 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a position control cylinder provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 29 A partial cross-sectional view of a needle placement pen inserted into a puncture kit according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0056] Figure 30 for Figure 29 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C;

[0057] Figure 31 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a ranging cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 32 A front view of a distance measuring cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0059] Figure 33 A front view of a distance measuring cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0060] Figure 34 A schematic diagram of the structure of a ranging cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention when in use;

[0061] Figure 35 A partial cross-sectional view of a needle placement pen inserted into a puncture kit according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 ;

[0062] Figure 36 A schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of an acupuncture pen provided by an embodiment of the present invention when inserted into a puncture kit;

[0063] Figure 37 An exploded view of a trocar provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 38 A partial cross-sectional view of a trocar provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Icons: 1- grip front end; 11- housing; 111- closing cavity; 112- spiral groove; 113- buckle slot; 12- lifting cylinder; 121- track groove; 1211- extension portion; 1212- first limiting portion; 1213- second limiting portion; 122- guide opening; 123- protrusion; 124- buckle hole; 13- top abutting cylinder; 131- guide post; 132- top abutting petal; 1321- abutting portion; 2- control rear end; 21- push rod; 211- shaft head; 212- control column; 213- guide hole; 214- notch; 22- needle rod; 221- mounting structure; 23- control cylinder; 231- guide groove; 232- control hole; 233- buckle head; 24- ranging cap; 241 - scale point; 2411- first scale point; 2412- second scale point; 2413- third scale point; 3- puncture kit; 31- puncture needle; 311- side blade surface; 3111- first blade surface; 3112- second blade surface; 3113- third blade surface; 3114- first blade edge; 3115- second blade edge; 3116- third blade edge; 3117- fourth blade edge; 3118- fifth blade edge; 312- end blade surface; 32- self-closing cannula; 321- cap body; 3211- incision; 322- cannula base; 323- channel tube; 3231- transition section; 3232- raised portion; 33- needle seat; 331- ring groove; 34- needle tip point; 4- protective cap; 5- pressure relief tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0069] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0070] This embodiment provides a puncture device, including a puncture kit 3, such as Figure 1 As shown, the puncture kit 3 includes a tip, which includes a side blade surface 311 located on the side of the tip and an end blade surface 312 located on the end face of the tip. The side blade surface 311 gradually inclines toward the axis of the tip along the direction approaching the end blade surface 312. The end blade surface 312 is connected to the side blade surface 311, and the end blade surface 312 is inclined relative to the cross section of the tip.

[0071] It can be understood that the cross section of the tip is perpendicular to the extension direction of the tip.

[0072] In the above embodiment, because the side blade surface 311 gradually tilts toward the axis of the tip as it approaches the end blade surface 312, the tip of the puncture kit forms a sharp structure, thereby facilitating the tip's insertion into the human body. Furthermore, the end surface of the tip further comprises an end blade surface 312, which connects to the side blade surface 311 and is inclined relative to the cross-section of the tip. Thus, the end blade surface 312 can be considered to be formed by removing the tip from the sharp structure.

[0073] Therefore, since the puncture kit has a tip-less structural design at the tip, it ensures the puncture force while also increasing the strength of the needle tip. It is more reliable in the case of multiple punctures, and the tip is less likely to bend, reducing tearing or damage to the tissue.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, there are two side blade surfaces 311 , which are arranged opposite to each other with respect to any longitudinal section of the tip, and the extension surfaces of the two side blade surfaces 311 toward the direction close to the end blade surface 312 intersect at the needle tip point 34 .

[0075] It can be understood that the longitudinal section of the tip is parallel to the extension direction of the tip, and the longitudinal section of the tip passes through the needle tip apex 34 .

[0076] In the above embodiment, the extension surfaces of the two side blade surfaces 311 can form a sharp structure at the tip of the puncture kit, which can gradually increase the wound size after the tip pierces the human body, such as the eyeball, and reduce the puncture resistance.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the vertical distance d1 between the plane where the end blade surface 312 is located and the needle tip 34 is 0.05-0.5 mm.

[0078] The greater the vertical distance d1 between the plane where the end blade surface 312 is located and the needle tip 34, the Figure 3 If the distance d1 is too large, too much of the tip will be removed, which will affect the piercing force of the tip; if the distance d1 is too small, too little of the tip will be removed, which will not effectively increase the strength of the tip.

[0079] Specifically, the distance d1 may be 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm or 0.5 mm.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the two side cutting edges 311 each include a first cutting edge 3111, a second cutting edge 3112 and a third cutting edge 3113, wherein:

[0081] The first cutting edge 3111 and the third cutting edge 3113 both extend to the end cutting edge 312 , and the first cutting edge 3111 and the third cutting edge 3113 meet at the side of the tip to form a first cutting edge 3114 ;

[0082] The second blade surface 3112 is connected between the first blade surface 3111 and the third blade surface 3113 and extends to the first blade edge 3114 in the direction close to the end blade surface 312. The second blade surface 3112 and the first blade surface 3111 meet at the side of the tip to form a second blade edge 3115. The second blade surface 3112 and the third blade surface 3113 meet at the side of the tip to form a third blade edge 3116.

[0083] In the above embodiment, each side blade surface 311 includes three blade surfaces, namely the first blade surface 3111, the second blade surface 3112 and the third blade surface 3113. Since there are two side blade surfaces 311, plus the end blade surface 312, the tip forms a multi-stage progressive seven-blade surface.

[0084] When puncturing the eyeball, the end blade surface 312 and the first blade surface 3111 and the third blade surface 3113 in one of the side blade surfaces 311 first pierce the eyeball and enter the eyeball, then the first blade surface 3111 and the third blade surface 3113 in the other side blade surface 311 pierce the eyeball, and finally the second blade surface 3112 pierces the eyeball, gradually increasing the wound surface of the eyeball and reducing the risk of a sharp increase in intraocular pressure due to excessive puncture resistance.

[0085] If the included angle between the two first blade edges 3114 of the two side blade surfaces 311 is too large, the puncture force will be greater and the wound surface will be larger. If the included angle between the two first blade edges 3114 is too small, the strength of the tip cannot be effectively increased. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the included angle θ1 between the two first cutting edges 3114 in the two side cutting surfaces 311 is 10-13°.

[0086] The included angle θ1 between the two first cutting edges 3114 may specifically be 10°, 11°, 12° or 13°.

[0087] Preferably, the angle θ1 between the two first cutting edges 3114 is 11°.

[0088] If the angle between the two third blade edges 3116 of the two side blade surfaces 311 is too large, the puncture force will be greater and the wound surface will be larger. If the angle between the two third blade edges 3116 is too small, the strength of the tip cannot be effectively increased. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the included angle θ2 between the two third cutting edges 3116 in the two side cutting surfaces 311 is 6-8°.

[0089] The included angle θ2 between the two third cutting edges 3116 may specifically be 6°, 7° or 8°.

[0090] Preferably, the angle θ2 between the two third cutting edges 3116 is 7°.

[0091] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the end blade surface 312 forms an included angle θ3 of 120-160° with the longitudinal section of the tip, and the two side blade surfaces 311 are arranged opposite to each other with respect to the longitudinal section.

[0092] The larger the angle θ3 is, the smaller the actual sharp angle θ4 of the tip formed between the end blade surface 312 and the first blade edge 3114 is. Too small an actual sharp angle θ4 will also affect the strength of the tip; the smaller the angle θ3 is, the larger the actual sharp angle θ4 of the tip formed between the end blade surface 312 and the first blade edge 3114 is. Too large an actual sharp angle θ4 will affect the puncture force and increase the puncture resistance. The above embodiment can avoid excessive puncture resistance while ensuring the strength of the tip.

[0093] The angle θ4 may specifically be 120°, 130°, 140°, 150° or 160°.

[0094] Preferably, the angle θ4 is 160°.

[0095] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the first blade surface 3111 and the third blade surface 3113 are symmetrically arranged about the longitudinal section of the tip where the first blade edge 3114 is located, and the second blade surface 3112 itself is symmetrically arranged about the longitudinal section of the tip where the first blade edge 3114 is located.

[0096] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the first cutting edge 3111 of the two side cutting edges 311 intersect to form a fourth cutting edge 3117 , and the third cutting edge 3113 of the two side cutting edges 311 intersect to form a fifth cutting edge 3118 .

[0097] In the above embodiment, the two side blade surfaces 311 are connected by the fourth blade edge 3117 and the fifth blade edge 3118, so that when the tip penetrates the eyeball, the tip can fully cut the eyeball through each blade edge, thereby reducing the puncture resistance.

[0098] If the angle θ5 is too large, the wound surface will be larger, and if the angle θ5 is too small, the strength of the tip will not meet the requirements. Therefore, in an optional embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the included angle θ5 between the fourth cutting edge 3117 and the fifth cutting edge 3118 is 15-20°.

[0099] The angle θ5 may specifically be 15°, 16°, 17°, 18°, 19° or 20°.

[0100] Preferably, the angle θ5 is 20°.

[0101] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the line between the intersection points of the end cutting surface 312 and the two first cutting edges 3114 is perpendicular to the line between the intersection points of the end cutting surface 312 and the fourth cutting edge 3117 and the fifth cutting edge 3118 respectively.

[0102] In an optional embodiment, the tip is covered with a coating, and the coating material is diamond-like carbon. Diamond-like carbon can form a stable lubricating layer on the surface of the tip, significantly reducing friction and improving the durability of the instrument.

[0103] Among them, diamond-like carbon is a currently available material, which has the advantages of high hardness, excellent corrosion resistance, anti-adhesion, and good biocompatibility.

[0104] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 6 As shown, the puncture kit includes a puncture needle 31, a self-closing sleeve 32 and a needle seat 33; one end of the puncture needle 31 is a pointed tip, and the other end is connected to the needle seat 33; the self-closing sleeve 32 is configured in multiples, and the multiple self-closing sleeves 32 are sequentially arranged on the outside of the puncture needle 31 along the length direction of the puncture needle 31.

[0105] During use, each self-closing sleeve 32 can be left in the eyeball through multiple punctures.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the self-closing sleeve 32 includes a cap body 321, a sleeve base 322 and a channel tube 323; the sleeve base 322 is sleeved on the outside of the channel tube 323; one end of the channel tube 323 is connected to the sleeve base 322, and the end of the other end includes a transition section 3231 for reducing puncture resistance; the cap body 321 is buckled on the sleeve base 322, and the cap body 321 has an incision 3211 for the puncture needle 31 to pass through.

[0107] In the above embodiment, the provision of the transition section 3231 is conducive to reducing the puncture force when the puncture cannula enters the sclera, shortening the doctor's puncture time, and reducing the risk of a sharp increase in intraocular pressure due to excessive puncture resistance.

[0108] like Figure 9 As shown, the outer surface of the transition section 3231 is inclined, and the outer diameter of the outer surface gradually decreases as it approaches its end, and the angle θ6 formed by the outer surface of the transition section 3231 is 18°; or as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown, the outer surface of the transition section 3231 is a curved surface, and the radius R corresponding to the curved surface is 0.3 mm; or Figure 11As shown, the transition section 3231 includes two double inclined surfaces arranged along the radial direction of the channel tube 323, and the angle θ7 formed by the double inclined surfaces is 30°; or as shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown, the transition section 3231 includes four inclined surfaces equidistantly arranged axially around the channel tube 323, and the angle θ8 formed by any two inclined surfaces arranged opposite to each other is 30°; or Figure 13 As shown, the transition section 3231 includes six inclined surfaces equidistantly arranged axially around the channel tube 323 , and the angle θ9 formed by any two oppositely arranged inclined surfaces is 30°.

[0109] The setting of the transition section 3231 can reduce the puncture resistance when the second section punctures the sclera. The puncture force when the channel tube 323 enters the sclera is smaller, which reduces the risk of a sharp increase in intraocular pressure caused by excessive puncture resistance, brings faster and more stable puncture to doctors, and reduces traction damage to the sclera.

[0110] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 14 As shown, the inner wall of one end of the channel tube 323 connected to the sleeve base 322 is provided with a protrusion 3232 for connecting to the pressure relief tube 5 to prevent the pressure relief tube 5 from falling off due to pulling or moving during the operation, thereby causing unnecessary risks of the operation.

[0111] Specifically, the channel tube 323 can be formed by metal stamping using stainless steel, and the sleeve base 322 has an I-shaped structure and can be injection molded. The channel tube 323 and the sleeve base 322 can be integrally formed by injection molding, or assembled by bonding or ultrasonic welding.

[0112] Furthermore, the cap body 321 is mounted on the cannula base 322. The notch 3211 on the cap body 321 can be a slotted notch. This slotted notch effectively prevents the outflow of intraocular saline during insertion and removal of surgical instruments, thereby stabilizing intraocular pressure. Furthermore, the squeezing action of the slotted notch prevents the self-closing cannula 32 from falling off the puncture needle 31. The slotted notch also prevents a significant squeezing force from being applied to the puncture needle 31, allowing the self-closing cannula 32 to remain within the eyeball despite the resistance exerted by the eyeball.

[0113] Specifically, the slotted edge can be formed by cutting with a sharp tip or by ultrasonic cutting.

[0114] On the basis of the above embodiments, the puncture device also includes a needle pen, such as Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the needle placement pen includes a gripping front end 1 and a positioning rear end 2, the gripping front end 1 is connected to the positioning rear end 2, and an installation channel for installing the puncture kit 3 is formed between the gripping front end 1 and the positioning rear end 2, and a mounting structure 221 is provided on the surface of the positioning rear end 2 facing the installation channel, and the mounting structure 221 is used to be detachably connected to the puncture kit 3.

[0115] During use, the puncture kit 3 can be installed in the installation channel through the installation structure 221, and the user can perform the surgical operation. After the operation is completed, the connection between the puncture kit 3 and the installation structure 221 can be cancelled. When used next time, the new puncture kit 3 can be inserted into the installation channel and connected to the installation structure.

[0116] Therefore, the above-mentioned needle placement pen can be reused, and after the operation is completed, only the puncture kit 3 needs to be replaced, which ensures safe and effective use while reducing surgical costs and reducing environmental burden.

[0117] There are various ways to detachably connect the mounting structure 221 and the puncture kit 3 , such as snapping the mounting structure 221 and the puncture kit 3 , or threading the mounting structure 221 and the puncture kit 3 .

[0118] In an optional embodiment, to facilitate user operation, the mounting structure 221 and the puncture kit 3 are connected by a snap-fit ​​connection. For example, the mounting structure 221 is a protruding structure, and the outer surface of the needle hub 33 is provided with a recessed ...

[0119] The structure of the grip front end 1 is described in detail below:

[0120] In an optional embodiment, if Figures 18 to 22 As shown, the grip front end 1 includes a housing 11, a rotating cylinder 12 and a push-up cylinder 13, wherein:

[0121] One end of the rotary cylinder 12 is connected to the position control rear end 2, and the other end of the rotary cylinder 12 is provided with a track groove 121;

[0122] One end of the push-up tube 13 extends into the rotating cylinder 12 and has a guide post 131. The guide post 131 can extend into the track groove 121 and slide with the track groove 121. The other end of the push-up tube 13 extends out of the rotating cylinder 12 and has a push-up petal 132.

[0123] One end of the housing 11 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the lifting cylinder 12 and the top abutment petal 132 , and the other end has a retracting cavity 111 . The inner wall of the housing 11 has a spiral groove 112 that cooperates with the guide column 131 .

[0124] During use, the lifting cylinder 12 is rotated relative to the outer shell 11, and the guide column 131, under the guidance of the spiral groove 112 and the track groove 121, will make the top cylinder 13 approach or move away from the retraction chamber 111. In the process of approaching the retraction chamber 111, the top petal 132 gradually contacts the retraction chamber 111 and retracts under the pressure of the retraction chamber 111. In the process of moving away from the retraction chamber 111, the top petal 132 gradually separates from the retraction chamber 111 and opens without the pressure of the retraction chamber 111.

[0125] The above-mentioned gripping front end 1 can realize the folding and opening of the top flap 132 by rotating the lifting cylinder 12. In the opened state, the puncture kit 3 can extend from the top flap 132 into the installation channel and connect with the installation structure 221. At the same time, Figure 23 As shown, during the operation, the self-closing cannula 32 in the puncture kit 3 can also extend from the top flap 132; in the retracted state, the end surface of the top flap 132 can contact the end surface of the most distal self-closing cannula 32, providing support for the self-closing cannula 32 during the process of the self-closing cannula 32 entering the eyeball, and preventing the self-closing cannula 32 from retreating proximally. In this way, the above-mentioned gripping front end 1 can not only achieve the movement of the subsequent self-closing cannula 32 toward the distal end after the previous self-closing cannula 32 is reserved in the eyeball, but also provide support for the subsequent self-closing cannula 32 when it enters the eyeball.

[0126] Among them, such as Figure 20 As shown, the top petal 132 includes multiple petals, which are evenly spaced around the axis of the top tube 13. Figure 19 As shown, the closer to the left end of the top petal 132, the closer the distance between the petal body and the axis of the top tube 13 is, and there is a V-shaped gap between the two adjacent petals. The closer to the left end of the petal body, the larger the V-shaped gap is. Figure 19 The outer diameters of the cross sections of the axially contracting cavity 111 at different locations along the outer shell 11 are different. The closer to the left end face of the outer shell 11, the smaller the outer diameter of the cross section of the contracting cavity 111, so that the closer the top abutment flap 132 is to the left end face of the outer shell 11, the greater the degree of contraction.

[0127] like Figure 19 As shown, an abutment portion 1321 protrudes outward from the end of the petal body. When the top-butting cylinder 13 moves leftward, the abutment portion 1321 can make the top-butting petal 132 easier to fold under the limitation of the folding cavity 111.

[0128] In an optional embodiment, in order to facilitate the guide post 131 to enter the track groove 121, as shown in FIG. Figure 21 As shown, the end surface of the rotary cylinder 12 is provided with a guide port 122 communicating with the track groove 121 .

[0129] During use, the guide post 131 can enter the track groove 121 through the V-shaped guide opening 122 at the front end of the lifting cylinder 12 , and then rotate into the inner cavity of the shell 11 through the cooperation between the guide post 131 and the spiral groove 112 .

[0130] Specifically, if Figure 21 As shown, the guide opening 122 may be V-shaped, with the opening of the guide opening 122 becoming larger as it approaches the end surface of the rotating cylinder 12, thereby facilitating the entry of the guide post 131 into the guide opening 122. The opening at one end of the guide opening 122, away from the end surface of the rotating cylinder 12, may be slightly smaller than the size of the guide post 131 to prevent the guide post 131 from escaping from the guide opening 122.

[0131] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 21 As shown, the track groove 121 has an extension portion 1211 extending in a direction parallel to the axis of the rotating cylinder 12, so that when the rotating cylinder 12 is rotated, the abutting cylinder 13 can move in a direction parallel to the axis of the rotating cylinder 12, gradually approaching or moving away from the retracting cavity 111.

[0132] Settings, such as Figure 21 As shown, the left end of the extension portion 1211 is the end point of the track groove 121 , and the right end of the extension portion 1211 is the starting point of the track groove 121 .

[0133] Specifically, if Figure 21 As shown, the trajectory groove 121 also includes a first limiting portion 1212 and a second limiting portion 1213. The first limiting portion 1212 is connected to the left end of the extension portion 1211, and the second limiting portion 1213 is connected to the right end of the extension portion 1211. The first limiting portion 1212 and the second limiting portion 1213 both extend along the circumference of the lifting cylinder 12 and are opposite to the extension direction of the extension portion 1211.

[0134] During use, the rotary cylinder 12 can be Figure 21 By rotating in the direction of the arrow shown, the guide post 131 of the abutting cylinder 13 enters the right end of the extension 1211 from the second limiting portion 1213. Guided by the spiral groove 112, the guide post 131 moves along the extension 1211 to the left end of the extension 1211, and then enters the first limiting portion 1212 and becomes locked. Similarly, by rotating the abutting cylinder 13 in the opposite direction, the guide post 131 enters the second limiting portion 1213 from the first limiting portion 1212 and becomes locked.

[0135] In an optional embodiment, a buckle hole 124 is provided on the rotary cylinder 12 , and the buckle hole 124 can be engaged with the position-controlling rear end 2 to achieve connection with the position-controlling rear end 2 .

[0136] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 22As shown, in order to enable the spiral cylinder 12 to rotate stably relative to the shell 11, the inner wall of the shell 11 is recessed with a buckle groove 113. The buckle groove 113 is located between the retracting cavity 111 and the spiral groove 112 along the axial direction of the shell 11. Figure 21 As shown, the rotary cylinder 12 is provided with a protrusion 123 that rotates with the buckling groove 113 .

[0137] After the push-up cylinder 13 rotates into the inner cavity of the shell 11 under the cooperation of the guide column 131 and the spiral groove 112, the connection between the shell 11, the spiral cylinder 12 and the push-up cylinder 13 can be achieved through the snap connection between the buckle groove 113 and the protrusion 123.

[0138] The structure of the position control back end 2 is described in detail below:

[0139] In an optional embodiment, if Figures 24 to 28 As shown, the position control rear end 2 includes a push rod 21, a needle setting rod 22 and a position control cylinder 23, wherein:

[0140] The outer wall of the position control cylinder 23 may be provided with a buckle 233, which is engaged with the buckle hole 124 on the rotating cylinder 12;

[0141] One end of the needle rod 22 extends into the position control cylinder 23 and is connected to the position control cylinder 23, and the other end extends out of the position control cylinder 23. The inner wall of the needle rod 22 is provided with a mounting structure 221;

[0142] One end of the push rod 21 extends into the position control cylinder 23 and is sleeved on the outside of the needle rod 22, and the other end extends out of the position control cylinder 23 and is used to push the puncture kit 3. The push rod 21 slides with the position control cylinder 23 along the axial direction of the position control cylinder 23.

[0143] When in use, the needle seat 33 can be inserted into the needle rod 22 and connected to the mounting structure 221. Since the push rod 21 slides along the axial direction of the position control cylinder 23 and cooperates with the position control cylinder 23, when the push rod 21 slides toward the distal end of the needle pen, Figure 29 As shown, when the top flap 132 is in the open state, the end of the push rod 21 can push the self-closing sleeve 32 located at the proximal end of the puncture needle 31 toward the distal end of the puncture needle 31.

[0144] Therefore, the position-controlling rear end 2 in the above embodiment can not only fix the needle seat 33, but also push the self-closing sleeve 32, making it easier for users to perform surgical operations.

[0145] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 30 As shown, the mounting structure 221 includes a rib buckle protruding from the inner wall of the needle rod 22, and the needle seat 33 is provided with an annular groove 331 that is engaged with the rib buckle.

[0146] After the puncture kit 3 is used, the puncture needle 31 can be clamped with tweezers to cancel the engagement between the rib buckle and the annular groove 331 and the puncture kit 3 can be pulled out.

[0147] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 27 As shown, a guide hole 213 for pushing the puncture kit 3 is recessed at the end of the push rod.

[0148] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 27 and Figure 28 As shown, the positioning tube 23 is provided with a guide groove 231 along its own axial direction, and the inner wall of the positioning tube 23 is recessed with a plurality of positioning holes 232 distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the positioning tube 23; the end of the push rod 21 extending into the positioning tube 23 has an axis head 211 and a positioning column 212 connected to the axis head 211, the axis head 211 extends out of the guide groove 231 and slides with the guide groove 231 along the extension direction of the guide groove 231, and the positioning column 212 is configured to engage with any one of the positioning holes 232.

[0149] In the above embodiment, the push rod 21 can be limited during its sliding process, thereby preventing the push rod 21 from sliding too far or too short.

[0150] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 27 As shown, a notch 214 is provided at one end of the push rod 21 extending into the position control tube 23. The notch 214 is located on the side of the shaft head 211 so that when the user presses the shaft head 211, the end of the push rod 21 can be deformed to facilitate the position control column 212 to disengage from the position control hole 232.

[0151] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 31 As shown, the position control rear end 2 includes a distance measuring cap 24 , and the distance measuring cap 24 is connected to the position control tube 23 .

[0152] like Figure 31 As shown, a plurality of scale points 241 are provided at one end of the ranging cap 24 away from the positioning tube 23. The plurality of scale points 241 are used to measure or locate the incision position to help the doctor accurately puncture the sclera.

[0153] During surgery, the incision is usually made 3-4 mm from the limbus, as follows Figure 32 and Figure 33 As shown, the measuring cap 24 provides a measuring scale distance d2 of 3 mm and a measuring scale distance d3 of 4 mm. In practice, it is assumed that the plurality of scale points 241 include a first scale point 2411, a second scale point 2412, and a third scale point 2413. After the scale points 241 on the measuring cap 24 leave a concave point on the human eye tissue, as shown in FIG. Figure 34 As shown, the puncture needle is inserted between the second scale point 2412 and the third scale point 2413.

[0154] The following is a detailed description of the use of the needle pen. When a puncture is completed and a second puncture is performed, the lifting cylinder 12 is rotated so that the guide column 131 moves along the spiral groove 112 to the starting point of the track groove 121, and the shaft head 211 is pressed to push the push rod 21 downward. Figure 35 As shown, at this time, the guide hole 213 pushes the proximal self-closing sleeve 32 to move toward the distal direction. When the control column 212 moves into the next control hole 232, the push rod 21 stops moving to complete the removal of the second self-closing sleeve 32. Subsequently, the lifting cylinder 12 is rotated in the reverse direction so that the guide column 131 moves along the spiral groove 112 to the end point of the track groove 121. At this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 36 As shown, the top flap 132 cooperates with the retraction chamber 111 to begin to retract, and the end surface of the top flap 132 contacts the end surface of the silicone cap at the end of the self-closing cannula 32, completely ejecting the self-closing cannula 32. To perform the third puncture, rotate the lifting cylinder 12 so that the guide post 131 moves along the spiral groove 112 to the starting point of the track groove 121. Repeat the above steps to complete the removal of the last self-closing cannula 32. After using the self-closing cannula 32, use tweezers to grasp the puncture needle 31 and remove it from the puncture kit 3.

[0155] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 37 and Figure 38 As shown, the needle placement pen further includes a protective cap 4 , which is buckled on the grip front end 1 to protect the puncture kit 3 .

[0156] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trocar, characterized in that: The invention comprises a needle placement pen and a puncture kit (3), wherein the puncture kit (3) comprises a tip, wherein the tip comprises a side blade surface (311) located on the side of the tip and an end blade surface (312) located on the end face of the tip, wherein the side blade surface (311) gradually tilts toward the axis of the tip in a direction approaching the end blade surface (312), the end blade surface (312) is connected to the side blade surface (311), and the end blade surface (312) is tilted relative to the cross section of the tip; The puncture kit (3) comprises a puncture needle (31), a self-closing sleeve (32) and a needle seat (33); one end of the puncture needle (31) is the tip, and the other end is connected to the needle seat (33); the self-closing sleeve (32) is configured in plurality, and the plurality of self-closing sleeves (32) are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the puncture needle (31) along the length direction of the puncture needle (31); The needle placement pen comprises a gripping front end (1) and a positioning rear end (2), wherein the gripping front end (1) is connected to the positioning rear end (2), and an installation channel for installing the puncture kit (3) is formed between the gripping front end (1) and the positioning rear end (2), and a mounting structure (221) is provided on a surface of the positioning rear end (2) facing the installation channel, and the mounting structure (221) is used for detachably connecting with the needle seat (33); The gripping front end (1) comprises a housing (11), a rotating cylinder (12) and a push-up cylinder (13); the rotating cylinder (12) is connected to the position-controlling rear end (2) and the rotating cylinder (12) is provided with a track groove (121); one end of the push-up cylinder (13) extends into the rotating cylinder (12) and has a guide column (131) that slidably cooperates with the track groove (121); the other end extends out of the rotating cylinder (12) and has a push-up petal (132) One end of the shell (11) is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the lifting cylinder (12) and the top flap (132), and the other end has a retraction cavity (111). The inner wall of the shell (11) has a spiral groove (112) that cooperates with the guide column (131). The guide column (131) allows the top cylinder (13) to approach or move away from the retraction cavity (111) under the guidance of the spiral groove (112) and the track groove (121).

2. The trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that The side blade surfaces (311) are configured in two, and the two side blade surfaces (311) are arranged relative to each other with respect to any longitudinal section of the tip, and the extension surfaces of the two side blade surfaces (311) in a direction close to the end blade surface (312) intersect at the needle tip point (34).

3. The trocar according to claim 2, characterized in that The vertical distance between the plane where the end blade surface (312) is located and the needle tip (34) is 0.05-0.5 mm.

4. The trocar according to claim 2, characterized in that The two side blade surfaces (311) each include a first blade surface (3111), a second blade surface (3112), and a third blade surface (3113); The first blade surface (3111) and the third blade surface (3113) both extend to the end blade surface (312) and meet on the side of the tip to form a first blade edge (3114); The second blade surface (3112) is connected between the first blade surface (3111) and the third blade surface (3113) and extends toward the direction close to the end blade surface (312) to the first blade edge (3114); the second blade surface (3112) and the first blade surface (3111) meet on the side of the tip to form a second blade edge (3115); the second blade surface (3112) and the third blade surface (3113) meet on the side of the tip to form a third blade edge (3116).

5. The trocar according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end blade surface (312) forms an angle of 120-160° with the longitudinal section; And / or, the angle between the two first cutting edges (3114) in the two side cutting surfaces (311) is 10-13°.

6. The trocar according to claim 4, characterized in that The first blade surfaces (3111) of the two side blade surfaces (311) intersect to form a fourth blade edge (3117), and the third blade surfaces (3113) of the two side blade surfaces (311) intersect to form a fifth blade edge (3118), and the angle between the fourth blade edge (3117) and the fifth blade edge (3118) is 15-20°.

7. The trocar according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The tip is covered with a coating, and the material of the coating is diamond-like carbon.

8. The trocar according to claim 1, wherein: The self-closing sleeve (32) comprises a cap body (321), a sleeve base (322) and a channel tube (323); The sleeve base (322) is sleeved on the outside of the channel tube (323); One end of the channel tube (323) is connected to the sleeve base (322), and the other end includes a transition section (3231) for reducing puncture resistance. The inner wall of the end of the channel tube (323) connected to the sleeve base (322) is provided with a protrusion (3232) for connecting to the pressure relief tube (5); The cap body (321) is buckled on the sleeve base (322), and the cap body (321) has an incision (3211) for the puncture needle (31) to pass through.

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