Automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback and a control method, and the system comprises a reactor which is provided with a temperature control device and a feeding driving device; the feeding driving device comprises a control assembly and a driving assembly, a raw material storage chamber is installed on the driving assembly, one end of the temperature control device is located in the reactor, and the other end extends out of the reactor and is electrically connected with the control assembly; wherein the control assembly is used for presetting a feeding threshold value, and when the temperature control device detects that data in the reactor reach the threshold value, the driving assembly drives the raw material storage chamber to descend into the reactor for feeding. According to the automatic feeding reactor system, through a temperature feedback mechanism, when the temperature control device detects that data in the reactor reaches a preset feeding threshold value, the driving assembly drives the raw material storage chamber to descend into the reactor for feeding, and transient sample injection can be carried out according to real-time changes of the temperature in the reactor; and the pyrolysis behavior of the biomass under the transient temperature change can be accurately simulated and explored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of automatic feeding of reactors, and particularly relates to an automatic feeding reactor system and a control method based on temperature feedback. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of modern material analysis and energy research, fluidized bed reactors have become an indispensable key equipment due to their unique technical integration and excellent performance. It perfectly combines the accurate measurement principle of thermogravimetric analysis technology with the high-efficiency mass and heat transfer characteristics of fluidized beds, demonstrating many significant advantages. Thermogravimetric analysis technology can accurately capture the mass change data during the reaction process of fluidized particles, providing a strong basis for in-depth analysis of the reaction kinetic characteristics of particles under different experimental conditions. At the same time, fluidized bed reactors have the ability to measure the dynamic changes in the concentration of gas components. By deeply comparing and analyzing the kinetic parameters of gas-solid two-phase, a reaction kinetic equation highly fitting actual industrial applications can be constructed. These advantages enable fluidized bed reactors to play an important promoting role in the research of gas-solid reactions in the energy and chemical industries, providing solid technical support for theoretical research and practical applications in related fields.

[0003] However, when fluidized bed reactors are applied to experiments with biomass raw materials, a series of problems that need to be solved urgently have emerged, and the traditional sampling method has become a key factor restricting its application effect.

[0004] The traditional sampling method is to pre-load the biomass solid particle raw materials into the reactor before the experiment, place it in the heating zone, and then start the experiment. This sampling method has obvious limitations, making the device unable to achieve transient sampling during the heating process. In actual research, the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass at a specific temperature are of great significance for understanding its pyrolysis mechanism and optimizing the pyrolysis process. However, due to the limitations of the traditional sampling method, researchers cannot accurately simulate and explore the pyrolysis behavior of biomass under transient temperature changes, greatly hindering the in-depth research and accurate grasp of the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass.

[0005] In addition to the limitations of the sampling method, the pre-loaded solid particles are also prone to accumulation during the reaction process. Although fluidized bed reactors rely on the airflow to fluidize the reaction substances to try to make the particles evenly dispersed, in actual operation, the particle dispersion effect is still not ideal. Particle accumulation leads to a serious shortage of the effective reaction area, resulting in insufficient contact between biomass particles and gas-phase reactants and a reduced reaction rate. This not only leads to low pyrolysis efficiency but also seriously affects the product quality. In the process of biomass energy conversion, the product quality is directly related to the energy conversion efficiency and economic benefits. Low-quality products not only increase the cost and difficulty of subsequent processing but also limit the large-scale application and promotion of biomass energy. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic feeding reactor system and a control method based on temperature feedback, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the traditional sampling method cannot achieve transient sampling, and at the same time improve the particle dispersion effect, increase the effective reaction area, thereby enhancing the pyrolysis efficiency and product quality of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, there is provided an automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback, including: A reactor, on which a temperature control device and a feeding driving device are provided; The feeding driving device includes a control component and a driving component. A raw material storage chamber is installed on the driving component. One end of the temperature control device is located inside the reactor, and the other end extends outside the reactor and is electrically connected to the control component; Wherein, the control component is used to preset a feeding threshold. When the temperature control device detects that the data inside the reactor reaches the threshold, the driving component drives the raw material storage chamber to descend into the reactor for feeding.

[0008] Further, the driving component includes a signal processor and a lifting unit. The signal processor is in signal connection with the lifting unit. The inside of the reactor has a reaction cooling area and a heating reaction area; A fixing plate is installed at the top of the reaction cooling area through a sealing device. The signal processor and the lifting unit are both arranged on the fixing plate, and the driving end of the lifting unit passes through the sealing device and extends into the reaction cooling area and is connected to the raw material storage chamber; The threshold includes a temperature threshold. The temperature control device includes a thermocouple and a thermocouple probe. The thermocouple is installed at the top of the reactor and is located on one side of the reaction cooling area. The thermocouple is connected to the thermocouple probe and the signal processor. The thermocouple probe is located in the heating reaction area; Wherein, when the thermocouple probe detects that the temperature in the heating reaction area reaches the temperature threshold, a signal is transmitted to the lifting unit through the signal processor, and the lifting unit drives the raw material storage chamber to descend into the heating reaction area for feeding.

[0009] Further, the end of the lifting unit is connected to the raw material storage chamber through a stainless steel flange.

[0010] Further, the lifting unit is an electric push rod.

[0011] Further, a side opening is also provided on the reactor, and a feeding pipe is provided in the side opening. One end of the feeding pipe is connected to an external feeding device, and the other end is connected to the raw material storage chamber; The driving assembly further includes a stepping motor, a reduction gear set, and a screw drive mechanism. The stepping motor is connected to the reduction gear set. The reduction gear set is connected to the screw drive mechanism through a coupling. One end of the screw drive mechanism is connected with a push rod, and the end of the push rod extends through the sealing device into the reactor and is connected with the raw material storage chamber.

[0012] Further, an encoder is installed on the screw drive mechanism.

[0013] Further, the screw drive mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, and a screw. The driving end of the stepping motor is connected to the first gear. The first gear meshes with one end of the screw. The other end of the screw meshes with the second gear. The second gear is installed on the push rod.

[0014] Further, the temperature control device includes a pressure sensor probe, and the pressure sensor probe is arranged on the inner wall of the reactor; When the pressure data inside the reactor detected by the temperature control device reaches the threshold value, the driving assembly drives the raw material storage chamber to descend into the reactor for feeding.

[0015] Further, a quartz cover is detachably connected to the top of the raw material storage chamber, and the quartz cover is threadedly connected to the driving assembly; An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the reactor. The air inlet is located at the bottom of the reactor. The air inlet is connected with a stainless steel pipe through a flange, and the stainless steel pipe is connected with an external gas transmission device; The air outlet is located below the driving device.

[0016] In a second aspect, a control method for an automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback is provided. The control method is carried out by using the automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback as described above, and includes: Presetting a feeding threshold, and the threshold includes a temperature threshold and a pressure threshold; Using the temperature control device to detect the temperature data or pressure data inside the reactor in real time, and judging whether the temperature data is greater than the temperature threshold, or judging whether the pressure data is greater than the pressure threshold; When the temperature data is greater than the temperature threshold, or when the pressure data is greater than the pressure threshold, the control assembly controls the driving assembly to drive the raw material storage chamber to move down to the heating reaction area inside the reactor for feeding.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The automatic feeding reactor system, through a temperature feedback mechanism, when the temperature control device detects that the data inside the reactor reaches the preset feeding threshold, the driving component drives the raw material storage chamber to descend into the reactor for feeding. It can achieve transient sampling according to the real-time change of the temperature inside the reactor, accurately simulate and explore the pyrolysis behavior of biomass under transient temperature changes, help to deeply understand the biomass pyrolysis mechanism, and provide key data support for optimizing the pyrolysis process. Secondly, adopting the real-time feeding method avoids the accumulation problem caused by the long-term residence of particles in the reactor. The raw materials enter the reactor only when needed, can maintain a good dispersion state, and effectively improve the dispersion uniformity of the particles in the reactor.

[0018] 2. Preset a temperature threshold. When the thermocouple probe detects that the temperature in the heating reaction area reaches this threshold, the signal processor transmits the signal to the lifting unit to realize the automatic descending feeding of the raw material storage chamber. This automatic feeding control method based on temperature feedback can accurately control the feeding timing according to the actual temperature situation of the reaction, avoid the subjectivity and error of manual operation, improve the accuracy and timeliness of feeding, help to better control the reaction process, and ensure that the reaction proceeds under ideal temperature conditions.

[0019] 3. Stable connection is the basis for the normal operation of the lifting unit. The stainless steel flange connection can reduce the shaking or offset of the raw material storage chamber caused by loose connection, enable the lifting unit to accurately control the position of the raw material storage chamber, ensure that the raw materials can be accurately put into the heating reaction area, and improve the stability and accuracy of the entire feeding process.

[0020] 4. By precisely controlling the stroke of the electric push rod, the descending height of the raw material storage chamber can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different experimental conditions and production process requirements.

[0021] 5. Supplement raw materials through side openings, avoiding the drastic changes in environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure inside the reactor that may be caused by opening the top of the reactor, and reducing the interference to the reaction environment inside the reactor.

[0022] 6. During actual operation, due to factors such as wear and clearance of mechanical components, there may be a deviation between the actual movement of the screw drive mechanism and the theoretical value. The encoder can monitor these deviations in real time and feedback the information to the control component. The control component can fine-tune the drive of the stepping motor according to the feedback information to compensate for the movement error and improve the accuracy of position control.

[0023] 7. The gear meshing transmission has high transmission accuracy and stability, which can ensure that the power of the stepping motor is accurately transmitted to the screw and the push rod. During the power transmission process, the tooth profile design of the gear can ensure the tightness and smoothness of meshing, reduce power loss and transmission error, enable the push rod to obtain stable and uniform linear motion, and improve the smoothness and accuracy of the lifting of the raw material storage chamber.

[0024] 8. The automatic feeding control method based on the pressure threshold can adjust the supply of raw materials in a timely manner according to the actual pressure situation in the reactor.

[0025] 9. The threaded connection method is simple and reliable, which is convenient for the installation and disassembly of the quartz cover. During the installation process, the operator can achieve a tight connection with the drive assembly by rotating the quartz cover; during maintenance, the quartz cover can also be quickly disassembled to inspect and repair the drive assembly or the inside of the raw material storage chamber, reducing the maintenance difficulty and cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback provided by the present invention; Figure 2 and Figure 5 Schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback provided by the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of Embodiment 3 of the automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback provided by the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the operation principle of the drive assembly in the automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback provided by the present invention; Wherein: 1. Thermocouple; 2. Fixed plate; 3. Reactor; 4. Air inlet; 5. Reaction cooling area; 6. Electric push rod; 7. Raw material storage chamber; 8. Feeding drive device; 9. Thermocouple probe; 10. Heating reaction area; 11. Air outlet; 12. Sealing device; 13. Stepping motor; 14. Push rod; 15. Side opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "connected" are understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the field of modern material analysis and energy research, fluidized bed reactors have become an indispensable key equipment due to their unique technical integration and excellent performance. It perfectly combines the precise measurement principle of thermogravimetric analysis technology with the efficient mass transfer and heat transfer characteristics of fluidized beds, showing many significant advantages. Thermogravimetric analysis technology can accurately capture the mass change data in the process of fluidized particle reaction, providing a strong basis for in-depth analysis of the reaction kinetics characteristics of particles under different experimental conditions. At the same time, fluidized bed reactors have the ability to measure the dynamic changes in the concentration of gas phase components. Through in-depth comparison and analysis of the gas-solid two-phase kinetic parameters, reaction kinetic equations that are highly consistent with actual industrial applications can be constructed. These advantages enable fluidized bed reactors to play an important role in promoting gas-solid reaction research in the field of energy and chemical industry, and provide solid technical support for theoretical research and practical applications in related fields.

[0035] However, when fluidized bed reactors are applied to experiments on biomass raw materials, a series of problems that need to be solved are exposed, among which the traditional sampling method becomes the key factor restricting its application effect.

[0036] The traditional method of sampling is to pre-load the biomass solid particle raw material into the reactor before the experiment, place it in the heating zone, and then start the experiment. This sampling method has obvious limitations, which makes it impossible for the device to achieve transient sampling during the heating period. In actual research, the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass at a specific temperature are of great significance for understanding its pyrolysis mechanism and optimizing the pyrolysis process. However, due to the limitations of the traditional sampling method, researchers cannot accurately simulate and explore the pyrolysis behavior of biomass under transient temperature changes, which greatly hinders the in-depth study and precise grasp of the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass.

[0037] In addition to the limitations of the injection method, solid particles loaded in advance are prone to accumulation during the reaction process. Although the fluidized bed reactor relies on the airflow to fluidize the reactants in an attempt to evenly disperse the particles, in actual operation, the particle dispersion effect is still not ideal. Particle accumulation leads to a serious lack of effective reaction area, resulting in insufficient contact between biomass particles and gas-phase reactants and a reduced reaction rate. This not only leads to low pyrolysis efficiency, but also seriously affects product quality. In the process of biomass energy conversion, product quality is directly related to energy conversion efficiency and economic benefits. Low-quality products not only increase the cost and difficulty of subsequent processing, but also limit the large-scale application and promotion of biomass energy.

[0038] In order to solve the above technical problems, the inventor provides an automatic feeding reactor system and control method based on temperature feedback. The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: Embodiment 1: like Figure 1As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback, which includes a reactor 3. A temperature control device and a feeding driving device 8 are provided on the reactor 3. The feeding driving device 8 includes a control component and a driving component. A raw material storage chamber 7 is installed on the driving component. One end of the temperature control device is located inside the reactor 3, and the other end extends outside the reactor 3 and is electrically connected to the control component. Among them, the control component is used to preset a feeding threshold. When the temperature control device detects that the data inside the reactor 3 reaches the threshold, the driving component drives the raw material storage chamber 7 to descend into the reactor 3 for feeding. The traditional sampling method of fluidized bed reactors cannot achieve transient sampling during the heating process, which limits the study of the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass at specific temperatures. However, this automatic feeding reactor system, through the temperature feedback mechanism, when the temperature control device detects that the data inside the reactor 3 reaches the preset feeding threshold, the driving component drives the raw material storage chamber 7 to descend into the reactor 3 for feeding. This method can achieve transient sampling according to the real-time change of the temperature inside the reactor 3, can accurately simulate and explore the pyrolysis behavior of biomass under transient temperature changes, helps to deeply understand the biomass pyrolysis mechanism, and provides key data support for optimizing the pyrolysis process. Secondly, the realization of the transient sampling function enables biomass pyrolysis experiments to be carried out in a wider temperature range and reaction conditions, broadens the research scope of biomass pyrolysis characteristics, and provides a richer experimental basis for the theoretical research and practical application of biomass energy conversion technology.

[0039] In addition, the traditional sampling method of pre-loading solid particles easily leads to accumulation, which affects the particle dispersion effect. This automatic feeding system adopts a real-time feeding method, avoiding the accumulation problem caused by the long-term stay of particles in the reactor 3. The raw materials enter the reactor 3 only when needed, and can maintain a good dispersion state, effectively improving the dispersion uniformity of particles in the reactor 3. Moreover, the control component is used to preset the feeding threshold, and the temperature control device is used to monitor the data inside the reactor 3 in real time, realizing precise control of the feeding timing, avoiding the errors and uncertainties that may be brought by manual operation, improving the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment, ensuring that each experiment can be carried out under the same conditions, and providing guarantee for the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results. Finally, the control component can preset different feeding thresholds, enabling the system to adapt to different experimental conditions and research needs. Whether it is to study the pyrolysis characteristics of biomass at different temperatures or to explore the influence of different feeding rates on the pyrolysis reaction, it can be achieved by adjusting the feeding threshold, enhancing the flexibility and versatility of the system.

[0040] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the driving component includes a signal processor and a lifting unit. The signal processor is signal-connected to the lifting unit. The temperature control device includes a thermocouple 1 and a thermocouple probe 9. Inside the reactor 3, there are a reaction cooling area 5 and a heating reaction area 10. The thermocouple probe 9 is connected to the thermocouple 1 through a wire and then connected to the signal processor through the wire. The thermocouple probe 9 is installed in the heating reaction area 10 of the reactor 3 through a high-temperature resistant sealing structure. At the top of the reaction cooling area 5, a fixing plate 2 is installed through a sealing device 12. The signal processor and the lifting unit are both arranged on the fixing plate 2. The driving end of the lifting unit passes through the sealing device 12 and extends into the reaction cooling area 5 and is connected to the raw material storage chamber 7. The threshold includes a temperature threshold. The thermocouple 1 is installed at the top of the reactor 3 and is located on one side of the reaction cooling area 5. When the thermocouple probe 9 detects that the temperature in the heating reaction area 10 reaches the temperature threshold, it transmits the signal to the signal processor. After being filtered and amplified by the signal processor, it is then transmitted to the A / D conversion module, and then transmitted by the A / D conversion module to the control unit in the control component. Here, the control unit is preferably a microcontroller. The microcontroller is connected to the H-bridge driving module. Finally, the lifting unit drives the raw material storage chamber 7 to descend into the heating reaction area 10 for feeding.

[0041] In the above structure, the thermocouple probe 9 is directly located in the heating reaction area 10, and can detect the temperature of this area in real time and accurately. The heating reaction area 10 is a key part where reactions such as biomass pyrolysis occur. Its temperature plays a decisive role in the reaction process and product quality. Through this direct temperature detection method, it can be ensured that the obtained temperature data is true and reliable, providing an accurate basis for subsequent control decisions.

[0042] A preset temperature threshold. When the temperature in the heating reaction area 10 is detected by the thermocouple probe 9 to reach this threshold, the signal processor transmits a signal to the lifting unit to achieve automatic downward feeding of the raw material storage chamber 7. This automatic feeding control method based on temperature feedback can accurately control the feeding timing according to the actual temperature of the reaction, avoiding the subjectivity and errors of manual operation, improving the accuracy and timeliness of feeding, helping to better control the reaction process, and ensuring that the reaction proceeds under ideal temperature conditions. Secondly, a reaction cooling area 5 and a heating reaction area 10 are provided inside the reactor 3. This separated design helps to optimize the reaction process; the signal processor and the lifting unit are both arranged on the fixed plate 2 at the top of the reaction cooling area 5, and the driving end of the lifting unit passes through the sealing device 12 and extends into the reaction cooling area 5 and is connected to the raw material storage chamber 7. This layout makes the equipment structure compact and reduces the floor area. At the same time, the use of the sealing device 12 ensures the sealing inside the reactor 3, preventing gas leakage and the entry of external impurities during the reaction process, and ensuring the safety and stability of the reaction. At the same time, the lifting unit can quickly respond to the instructions of the signal processor, drive the raw material storage chamber 7 to descend into the heating reaction area 10 for feeding, ensuring the timely replenishment of raw materials during the reaction process, avoiding problems such as reaction interruption or incomplete reaction due to insufficient raw materials, improving the continuity and stability of the reaction, and helping to ensure the output and quality of the product.

[0043] In addition, since the raw material storage chamber 7 only descends into the heating reaction area 10 when needed, it reduces the possible influence of pretreatment on the raw materials during their long-term stay in the reactor 3, such as premature heating, oxidation, etc., helping to maintain the original characteristics of the raw materials and improving the accuracy and repeatability of the reaction.

[0044] Furthermore, the signal processor connects the thermocouple 1 and the lifting unit to form a highly integrated control system. This system can realize the automatic control of temperature detection and raw material feeding, reducing manual intervention, improving the convenience and accuracy of operation. At the same time, the integrated design of the system also reduces the complexity and maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0045] In this embodiment, the lifting unit is preferably an electric push rod 6, and the end of the lifting unit is connected to the raw material storage chamber 7 through a stainless steel flange. The electric push rod 6 has a high positioning accuracy and can accurately move the raw material storage chamber 7 to a specified position, namely the heating reaction area 10, according to the instructions of the signal processor. In reactions such as biomass pyrolysis, the precise feeding position is crucial for the uniformity and sufficiency of the reaction. The electric push rod 6 can ensure that the raw materials accurately enter the reaction area, enabling the biomass to come into full contact with the reaction conditions, improving the reaction effect, and ensuring the stability of the product quality. Secondly, by precisely controlling the stroke of the electric push rod 6, the descending height of the raw material storage chamber 7 can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different experimental conditions and production process requirements. For example, at different temperature thresholds, it may be necessary to place the raw materials at different positions in the heating reaction area 10, and the electric push rod 6 can easily achieve such adjustments, improving the adaptability and flexibility of the system.

[0046] During the movement process, the electric push rod 6 can provide stable and uniform power output, keeping the raw material storage chamber 7 stable during the lifting process and avoiding shaking or jamming caused by power fluctuations. The stable lifting process helps to reduce the disturbance of the raw materials in the storage chamber, prevent the raw materials from spilling or piling unevenly, and ensure the continuity and accuracy of feeding. At the same time, during the automatic feeding process, the amount of raw materials in the raw material storage chamber 7 may change, resulting in different loads. The electric push rod 6 has a strong load adaptation ability and can work normally under different load conditions, ensuring that the lifting unit can always reliably drive the raw material storage chamber 7 to perform lifting operations, improving the reliability and stability of the system.

[0047] In terms of maintenance, the structure of the electric push rod 6 is relatively simple and has fewer components, so the failure rate is relatively low. At the same time, its maintenance and upkeep are relatively convenient. Generally, only regular inspections, lubrication, and cleaning are required, which greatly reduces the maintenance cost and difficulty, reduces the downtime caused by equipment failures, and improves production efficiency. In addition, the electric push rod 6 has low energy consumption during operation. Compared with some traditional hydraulic or pneumatic lifting devices, it can save a large amount of energy, not only reducing production costs but also conforming to the development trend of environmental protection and energy conservation, and helping to reduce the impact on the environment.

[0048] In an automatic feeding reactor system, the lifting unit needs to drive the raw material storage chamber 7 to move up and down to achieve precise feeding of raw materials. During this process, the connection part between the end of the lifting unit and the raw material storage chamber 7 will bear large tensile and compressive forces. The stainless-steel flange has high strength and stiffness, can withstand such large forces, and ensures that the connection part will not become loose or damaged during frequent lifting operations, guaranteeing the reliability of the connection between the lifting unit and the raw material storage chamber 7. At the same time, the stainless-steel flange connection can reduce the shaking or deviation of the raw material storage chamber 7 caused by loose connection, enabling the lifting unit to accurately control the position of the raw material storage chamber 7, ensuring that the raw materials can be precisely fed into the heating reaction area 10, and improving the stability and accuracy of the entire feeding process. Moreover, during reaction processes such as biomass pyrolysis, various corrosive gases or substances may be generated in the reactor 3. The stainless-steel flange has good corrosion resistance, can resist the erosion of these corrosive media, and extends the service life of the connection part. In contrast, if an ordinary connection method is used, connection failure may occur due to corrosion, affecting the normal operation of the system.

[0049] In terms of sealing performance, the raw material storage chamber 7 stores biomass solid particle raw materials. During the lifting process, it is necessary to ensure that the raw materials do not leak from the connection part. The stainless-steel flange connection can achieve a good sealing effect through cooperation with sealing gaskets and other means, preventing the raw materials from leaking into other areas inside the reactor 3, and guaranteeing the stability of the reaction environment inside the reactor 3 and the effective utilization of raw materials.

[0050] In this embodiment, a quartz cover is detachably connected to the top of the raw material storage chamber 7. The quartz cover is threadedly connected to the drive assembly, enabling operators to conveniently open the quartz cover and pour the raw materials into the storage chamber when adding biomass solid particle raw materials. At the same time, when it is necessary to clean the raw material storage chamber 7, the quartz cover can also be easily disassembled to thoroughly clean the inside, ensuring the hygiene of the raw material storage chamber 7 and the reliability of subsequent use, reducing the damage to the overall structure of the raw material storage chamber caused by raw material addition and cleaning operations, and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0051] The quartz cover is threadedly connected to the drive assembly. Threaded connection has good sealing performance, can effectively prevent the raw materials inside the raw material storage chamber from leaking and external impurities from entering. During reaction processes such as biomass pyrolysis, good sealing performance can ensure the stability of the reaction environment, avoid interference from external factors to the reaction, and improve the product quality.

[0052] In this embodiment, the reactor 3 is provided with an air inlet 4 and an air outlet 11, the air inlet 4 is located at the bottom of the reactor 3, the air inlet 4 is connected to a stainless steel pipe through a flange, the stainless steel pipe is connected to an external gas transmission device, and the air outlet 11 is located below the feed drive device 8. The gas can enter evenly from the bottom of the reactor 3, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of the gas in the reactor 3, improves the contact efficiency between the gas and the biomass raw material, and promotes the reaction. The stainless steel pipeline has good corrosion resistance and sealing properties, can ensure the purity and quality of the transported gas, avoid gas leakage or contamination due to pipeline material problems, and ensure the stability and reliability of the reaction.

[0053] The gas outlet 11 is located below the feed drive device 8, which is conducive to the smooth discharge of the gas generated by the reaction from the reactor 3. During the reaction, the gas rises in the reactor 3 and is discharged from above the feed drive device 8 located below, avoiding the accumulation of gas in the reactor 3 and ensuring the smooth progress of the reaction. At the same time, it is convenient to collect and process the gas generated by the reaction in the future, thereby improving the overall efficiency and environmental protection of the system.

[0054] Setting the gas outlet 11 below the feed drive device 8 can reduce the impact of the reaction gas on the feed drive device 8, avoid impurities or corrosive substances in the gas from damaging the parts of the feed drive device 8, extend the service life of the feed drive device 8, and reduce the equipment failure rate.

[0055] Embodiment 2: The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the reactor 3 is also provided with a side opening 15, in which a feed pipe is provided, one end of the feed pipe is connected to an external feed device, and the other end is connected to the raw material storage chamber 7; wherein, the portion of the feed pipe located inside the reactor 3 has deformation capability, and can change its length as the raw material storage chamber 7 moves, and a high-temperature resistant telescopic bellows can be specifically selected, or, when one end of the feed pipe is connected to an external feed device, the other end is directly connected to the inside of the reactor 3, and when the particles in the raw material storage chamber 7 are fed, they are directly fed through the feed pipe, and there is no need to close the reactor 3 for re-operation; the drive assembly also includes a stepper motor 13, a reduction gear set and a screw transmission mechanism, the stepper motor 13 is connected to the reduction gear set, the reduction gear set is connected to the screw transmission mechanism through a coupling, and the end of the screw transmission mechanism is connected to a push rod 14, and the end of the push rod 14 extends through the sealing device 12 into the reactor 3 and is connected to the raw material storage chamber 7.

[0056] In the above structure, a feeding pipe is arranged in the side opening 15. One end of the feeding pipe is connected to an external feeding device, and the other end is connected to the raw material storage chamber 7. This design enables the replenishment of raw materials without opening the raw material storage chamber 7. The biomass solid particle raw materials can be directly transported to the raw material storage chamber 7 through the external feeding device, simplifying the operation process of raw material addition, improving work efficiency, and being particularly suitable for production scenarios that require frequent replenishment of raw materials.

[0057] When one end of the feeding pipe is directly connected to the inside of the reactor 3, after the particles in the raw material storage chamber 7 are fed, feeding can be directly carried out through the feeding pipe without shutting down the reactor 3 and restarting the operation, further improving the continuity and stability of production and reducing the time and cost losses caused by shutting down and restarting the operation.

[0058] In addition, the part of the feeding pipe located inside the reactor 3 has the ability to deform. For example, a heat-resistant expansion bellows is selected, which can change its length with the movement of the raw material storage chamber 7, ensuring that the feeding pipe can maintain a good connection state regardless of the position of the raw material storage chamber 7, guaranteeing the smoothness of raw material transportation, avoiding problems such as pulling and breaking of the feeding pipe caused by the movement of the raw material storage chamber, and improving the reliability and stability of the system.

[0059] Replenishing raw materials from the side opening avoids the drastic changes in environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure inside the reactor 3 that may be caused by opening the top of the reactor 3, reducing the interference with the reaction environment inside the reactor 3. This is particularly important for some reactions such as biomass pyrolysis that have strict requirements for reaction conditions, helping to ensure the smooth progress of the reaction and the stability of the product quality.

[0060] In addition, the stepper motor 13 has precise angle control ability. The rotational motion of the stepper motor 13 is decelerated and transmitted to the screw drive mechanism through a reduction gear set, and then the screw drive mechanism converts the rotational motion into the linear motion of the push rod 14, thereby realizing the precise control of the lifting position of the raw material storage chamber 7. It can ensure that the raw material storage chamber 7 accurately reaches the heating reaction area 10 for feeding, improving the accuracy and reliability of feeding, helping to optimize the reaction conditions, and improving the product quality. Moreover, the reduction gear set can reduce the output speed of the stepper motor 13 and increase the output torque at the same time, enabling the screw drive mechanism to obtain stable and sufficient power to push the push rod 14 and the raw material storage chamber 7 for lifting and lowering movements, avoiding the phenomenon of shaking or jamming of the raw material storage chamber 7 caused by power fluctuations, and improving the reliability and stability of the system. Furthermore, the screw drive mechanism has a self-locking function, which can prevent the raw material storage chamber 7 from descending automatically due to gravity when the driving stops, further ensuring the safety of the system.

[0061] The stepper motor 13 and the screw can be conveniently connected to the signal processor to achieve automatic control. The signal processor can accurately control the rotation angle and speed of the stepper motor 13 according to the preset temperature threshold, so as to realize the automatic control of the lifting process of the raw material storage chamber 7. This automatic control method improves the convenience and accuracy of operation, reduces manual intervention, and reduces human error.

[0062] Furthermore, an encoder is installed on the screw drive mechanism. The encoder can monitor the number of rotations of the screw in real time and convert it into the displacement of the push rod 14, and feedback it to the control unit. The end of the push rod 14 is connected to the top of the raw material storage chamber 7 through a flange (fixed by M6 bolts) to ensure that the vertical offset ≤ 0.1 mm and there is no vertical offset.

[0063] Furthermore, as Figure 5 shown, the screw drive mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear and a screw. The drive end of the stepper motor 13 is connected to the first gear. The first gear meshes with one end of the screw, and the other end of the screw meshes with the second gear. The second gear is installed on the push rod 14, and the diameter of the first gear is smaller than that of the second gear.

[0064] In the above structure, the stepper motor 13 outputs rotational power and drives the first gear to rotate through the drive end. The first gear meshes with the screw and transmits the rotational motion to the screw. The rotation of the screw drives the second gear meshing with it. Since the second gear is installed on the push rod 14, and the meshing relationship between the screw and the second gear converts the rotational motion of the second gear into the linear motion of the push rod 14, realizing the efficient conversion of the rotational power of the stepper motor 13 into the linear power for pushing the raw material storage chamber 7 to lift, meeting the requirements of the automatic feeding system for the precise lifting of the raw material storage chamber 7. During this transmission process, the gear meshing transmission has high transmission accuracy and stability, which can ensure that the power of the stepper motor 13 is accurately transmitted to the screw and the push rod 14. And the tooth profile design of the gear can ensure the tightness and smoothness of meshing, reduce power loss and transmission error, so that the push rod 14 can obtain a stable and uniform linear motion, improving the smoothness and accuracy of the lifting of the raw material storage chamber 7.

[0065] In terms of power, the output speed of the stepper motor 13 is usually relatively high, but the torque is relatively small. Through the meshing of the first gear and the screw, and the further transmission of the screw and the second gear, the effect of speed reduction and torque increase is achieved. The decelerated motion makes the lifting speed of the push rod 14 moderate, meeting the requirements of the feeding operation of the raw material storage chamber 7; at the same time, the increased torque can overcome the gravity of the raw material storage chamber 7 and its internal raw materials and the possible friction force, ensuring that the push rod 14 can smoothly push the raw material storage chamber 7 to perform the lifting motion.

[0066] Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment lies in: As Figure 3 shown, the temperature control device includes a pressure sensor probe, which is arranged on the inner wall of the reactor 3, that is, the rectangular structure below the raw material storage chamber 7. When the pressure data inside the reactor 3 detected by the temperature control device reaches the threshold, the driving component drives the raw material storage chamber 7 to descend into the reactor 3 for feeding. Specifically, the pressure sensor probe is hermetically fixed on the side wall of the reactor 3 through high-temperature epoxy resin. The pressure signal filters out high-frequency noise through an RC low-pass filter (cut-off frequency 10 Hz), and is amplified to the range of 0-10 V by the amplifier in the signal processor. The amplified signal is input into the control unit (microcontroller) through an analog-to-digital conversion module (16-bit resolution). The control unit presets a temperature threshold (such as 500 °C) and a pressure difference threshold (such as ΔP = 200 Pa). When the temperature reaches the threshold and the pressure difference ΔP in the middle reaction section ≥ 200 Pa, it is determined that the particle flow is uniform, and the electric push rod 6 is triggered to descend at a speed of 5 mm / s; if ΔP < 200 Pa, the push rod speed is automatically reduced to 3 mm / s to avoid raw material accumulation.

[0067] Furthermore, in addition to the above pressure detection, a mass flow sensor can be used, and a mass flowmeter is designed to measure and record data. Its installation position can be in the middle section of the intake pipe 4. The signal of the mass flow sensor is connected to the microcontroller through a 4-20 mA analog input module, and the PID parameters are optimized in coordination with the temperature and pressure signals. By transmitting data to the control unit, the intake speed is dynamically adjusted to maintain the stability of the fluidized bed. The gas mass flow can be further monitored in real time (range 0-10 L / min, accuracy ±0.5% FS).

[0068] Embodiment 4: This embodiment provides a control method for an automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback. The control method is carried out by using the automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback as described above, and includes: Step 1: Preset a feeding threshold, and the threshold includes a temperature threshold and a pressure threshold; Step 2: Use a temperature control device to detect the temperature data or pressure data inside the reactor in real time, and determine whether the temperature data is greater than the temperature threshold, or determine whether the pressure data is greater than the pressure threshold; Step 3: When the temperature data is greater than the temperature threshold, or when the pressure data is greater than the pressure threshold, the control component controls the driving component to drive the raw material storage chamber to move down to the heating reaction area inside the reactor for feeding.

[0069] In the above method steps, by presetting the temperature threshold and pressure threshold, it is possible to accurately determine when feeding is required according to the actual reaction conditions. When the temperature data is greater than the temperature threshold or the pressure data is greater than the pressure threshold, it indicates that the reaction conditions in the reactor 3 have reached the state where raw materials need to be supplemented. At this time, the control component controls the driving component to drive the raw material storage chamber 7 to move down to the internal heating reaction area of the reactor 3 for feeding, avoiding the adverse effects on the reaction caused by premature or late feeding. During this process, since different reactions such as biomass pyrolysis have different requirements for temperature and pressure at different stages, the preset threshold can be adjusted according to the specific reaction process, enabling this control method to adapt to various reaction requirements and improving the versatility and flexibility of the system.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the scope of its protection. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that after reading the present invention, various changes, modifications or equivalent replacements can still be made to the specific implementation manners of the invention, but these changes, modifications or equivalent replacements are all within the scope of the protection of the pending claims of the invention.

Claims

1. An automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback, characterized in that, Comprising: A reactor (3) provided with a temperature control device and a feed driving device (8); The feed driving device (8) includes a control component and a driving component. A raw material storage chamber (7) is installed on the driving component. One end of the temperature control device is located inside the reactor (3), and the other end extends outside the reactor (3) and is electrically connected to the control component; Wherein, the control component is used to preset a feed threshold. When the temperature control device detects that the data inside the reactor (3) reaches the threshold, the driving component drives the raw material storage chamber (7) to descend into the reactor (3) for feeding.

2. The automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component includes a signal processor and a lifting unit. The signal processor is signal-connected to the lifting unit. Inside the reactor (3), there is a reaction cooling area (5) and a heating reaction area (10); At the top of the reaction cooling area (5), a fixing plate (2) is installed through a sealing device (12). The signal processor and the lifting unit are both arranged on the fixing plate (2), and the driving end of the lifting unit passes through the sealing device (12) and extends into the reaction cooling area (5) and is connected to the raw material storage chamber (7); The threshold includes a temperature threshold. The temperature control device includes a thermocouple (1) and a thermocouple probe (9). The thermocouple (1) is installed at the top of the reactor (3) and is located on one side of the reaction cooling area (5). The thermocouple (1) is connected to the thermocouple probe (9) and the signal processor. The thermocouple probe (9) is located in the heating reaction area (10); Wherein, when the thermocouple probe (9) detects that the temperature in the heating reaction area (10) reaches the temperature threshold, a signal is transmitted to the lifting unit through the signal processor, and the lifting unit drives the raw material storage chamber (7) to descend into the heating reaction area (10) for feeding.

3. The automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to claim 2, wherein The end of the lifting unit is connected to the raw material storage chamber (7) through a stainless steel flange.

4. The automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that The lifting unit is an electric push rod (6).

5. The automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to claim 1, wherein The reactor (3) is also provided with a side opening (15). A feeding pipe is provided in the side opening (15). One end of the feeding pipe is connected to an external feeding device, and the other end is connected to the raw material storage chamber (7); The driving component further includes a stepping motor (13), a reduction gear set, and a screw transmission mechanism. The stepping motor (13) is connected to the reduction gear set. The reduction gear set is connected to the screw transmission mechanism through a coupling. The end of the screw transmission mechanism is connected to a push rod (14). The end of the push rod (14) passes through the sealing device (12) and extends into the reactor (3) and is connected to the raw material storage chamber (7).

6. The automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to claim 5, wherein An encoder is installed on the screw transmission mechanism.

7. The automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to claim 5, wherein The screw transmission mechanism includes a first gear, a second gear, and a screw. The driving end of the stepping motor (13) is connected to the first gear. The first gear meshes with one end of the screw. The other end of the screw meshes with the second gear. The second gear is installed on the push rod (14).

8. The automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to claim 1, wherein The temperature control device includes a pressure sensor probe, and the pressure sensor probe is arranged on the inner wall of the reactor (3); When the temperature control device detects that the pressure data inside the reactor (3) reaches the threshold value, the driving assembly drives the raw material storage chamber (7) to descend into the reactor (3) for feeding.

9. The automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to claim 1, wherein A quartz cover is detachably connected to the top of the raw material storage chamber (7), and the quartz cover is threadedly connected to the driving assembly; The reactor (3) is provided with an air inlet (4) and an air outlet (11). The air inlet (4) is located at the bottom of the reactor (3). The air inlet (4) is connected to a stainless steel pipe through a flange, and the stainless steel pipe is connected to an external gas transmission device; The air outlet (11) is located below the feeding driving device (8).

10. A control method for an automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback, characterized in that, The control method is carried out by using the automatic feeding reactor system based on temperature feedback according to any one of claims 1-9, and includes: Presetting a feeding threshold, and the threshold includes a temperature threshold and a pressure threshold; Using a temperature control device to detect the temperature data or pressure data inside the reactor in real time, and judging whether the temperature data is greater than the temperature threshold, or judging whether the pressure data is greater than the pressure threshold; When the temperature data is greater than the temperature threshold, or when the pressure data is greater than the pressure threshold, the control assembly controls the driving assembly to drive the raw material storage chamber to move down to the heating reaction area inside the reactor for feeding.

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