Pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer

Abstract

The invention provides a pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer, and relates to the field of ammonia decomposition. The decomposer includes: a reaction vessel having a gas inlet and a gas outlet and having an ammonia decomposition catalyst disposed therein; wherein the plurality of reaction containers are sequentially distributed at intervals in the same circumferential direction to form an annular structure; one end of the gas inlet pipeline is simultaneously communicated with the gas inlets of the plurality of reaction containers, and the other end of the gas inlet pipeline is externally connected with an ammonia gas source; the exhaust pipeline is used for simultaneously communicating the exhaust ports of the plurality of reaction containers; the electric heater is arranged in a gap of the annular structure; the heat preservation structure comprises a heat radiation reflecting layer and a heat preservation sleeve, the annular structure is sleeved with the heat radiation reflecting layer, and the annular structure, the air inlet pipeline, the exhaust pipeline, the electric heater and the heat radiation reflecting layer are sleeved with the heat preservation sleeve at the same time. According to the decomposer, energy dissipation is greatly reduced during heating, the heating efficiency of the electric heater is remarkably improved, and the energy cost is effectively controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ammonia decomposition, and in particular to an ammonia resistant decomposer. Background Art

[0002] Green ammonia is a substance produced under the drive of renewable energy, such as solar energy and wind energy. At present, it is increasingly regarded as a zero-carbon green liquid fuel and a high-density hydrogen storage carrier. The application range of green ammonia is extremely wide. In the field of thermal power generation, green ammonia can be used as a new type of fuel to participate in the power generation process and optimize the power generation energy structure; in high-temperature manufacturing, it can provide stable energy support for high-temperature reactions; in transportation, it can provide power for new energy vehicles; in the field of hydrogen metallurgy, it helps to achieve more environmentally friendly and efficient metallurgical processes; in green chemical industry, it participates in various chemical reactions as a basic raw material to promote the green transformation of the chemical industry.

[0003] Given that renewable energy shows significant endowment differences in regional distribution, with some regions being rich in resources and others being relatively scarce, green ammonia, with its unique properties, has become an efficient renewable energy storage and transportation carrier, capable of transporting the renewable energy contained in it from resource-rich areas to resource-scarce areas, thus achieving optimal allocation and rational use of energy.

[0004] When green ammonia is used as a fuel or a hydrogen storage carrier, the catalytic decomposition process is essential. Through partial catalytic decomposition, an ammonia-hydrogen mixed fuel can be prepared. This mixed fuel plays an important role in some scenarios with specific energy requirements; and the complete catalytic decomposition of green ammonia can obtain hydrogen to meet the needs of various hydrogen use scenarios. It can be seen that catalytic decomposition technology occupies a key position in the actual application field of green ammonia, and it is the core technology that determines whether green ammonia can be widely and efficiently used. As one of the important equipment used in green ammonia decomposition, the performance of the ammonia decomposer directly affects the efficiency and effect of green ammonia decomposition.

[0005] In the prior art, the ammonia decomposer is mainly composed of a reaction vessel, a heating system, a catalyst bed, and an inlet and outlet gas system. However, the heating system has obvious drawbacks when working. During the heating process, a large amount of energy will be lost. This not only causes excessive energy dissipation during the ammonia decomposition process, resulting in low heating efficiency and increased energy costs; but also due to the waste of energy, the practicality of the entire ammonia decomposer in actual applications is greatly reduced, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale, high-efficiency green ammonia decomposition. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide an ammonia resistant decomposer, aiming to solve the technical problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention is achieved as follows: An embodiment of the present application provides a pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer, including: a reaction vessel having an air inlet and an air outlet, and an ammonia decomposition catalyst is provided inside; wherein, the number of the reaction vessels is multiple, and they are sequentially and spaced apart in the same circumferential direction to form an annular structure; an intake pipe disposed inside the annular structure, one end of which is simultaneously connected to the air inlets of the multiple reaction vessels, and the other end is used to connect to an ammonia gas source externally; an exhaust pipe for simultaneously connecting the air outlets of the multiple reaction vessels; an electric heater disposed in the gap of the annular structure; and a heat preservation structure, including a heat radiation reflection layer and a heat preservation sleeve, the heat radiation reflection layer is sleeved outside the annular structure, and the heat preservation sleeve is simultaneously sleeved outside the annular structure, the intake pipe, the exhaust pipe, the electric heater and the heat radiation reflection layer.

[0008] Further, based on the foregoing solution, it further includes a reaction gas mixing chamber for connecting the intake pipe and the air inlets of the multiple reaction vessels; Wherein, the air inlet of any one of the reaction vessels is connected to the reaction gas mixing chamber through an intake connection pipe.

[0009] Further, based on the foregoing solution, it further includes an outlet gas mixing chamber for connecting the exhaust pipe and the air outlets of the multiple reaction vessels; Wherein, the air outlet of any one of the reaction vessels is connected to the outlet gas mixing chamber through an outlet connection pipe.

[0010] Further, based on the foregoing solution, the electric heater is disposed in the gap between two adjacent reaction vessels.

[0011] Further, based on the foregoing solution, the reaction vessel is provided with a temperature sensor.

[0012] Further, based on the foregoing solution, each of the reaction vessels is in a cylindrical shape, the axes of any two of the reaction vessels are parallel to each other, the intake pipe is disposed at the center of the annular structure and is disposed along the axis direction of the annular structure; Wherein, the reaction gas mixing chamber and the outlet gas mixing chamber are respectively disposed at both ends of the intake pipe.

[0013] Further, based on the foregoing solution, the material of the reaction vessel is selected from 316L, 15CrMoR, 12Cr2Mo1V or 310S.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects: In the pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer designed in this application, the electric heater is placed in the gap of the annular structure. This layout enables the heat generated by the electric heater to act more directly and concentratedly on the reaction vessel, effectively shortening the heat transfer path and reducing heat loss during transmission. The heat radiation reflection layer sleeved outside the annular structure uses the principle of heat radiation to reflect the heat emitted by the electric heater back to the reaction vessel, minimizing heat dissipation to the external environment. The heat insulation sleeve wraps the annular structure, intake pipe, exhaust pipe, electric heater, and heat radiation reflection layer, forming multiple protections and further enhancing the heat insulation performance. Through such a design, energy dissipation is significantly reduced, the heating efficiency of the electric heater is remarkably improved, the energy cost is effectively controlled, and thus the practicality of the entire ammonia decomposer in actual use is comprehensively enhanced, enabling it to better meet the requirements of high efficiency and energy conservation for large-scale green ammonia decomposition. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other relevant drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is the front view of a pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the top view of a pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 1 - intake pipe, 2 - exhaust pipe, 3 - temperature sensor, 4 - heat insulation sleeve, 5 - intake connection pipe, 6 - outlet mixing chamber, 7 - heat radiation reflection layer, 8 - electric heater, 9 - ammonia decomposition catalyst, 10 - reaction gas mixing chamber, 11 - outlet connection pipe, 12 - reaction vessel. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0018] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Embodiment

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer, including: a reaction vessel 12 having an air inlet and an air outlet, with an ammonia decomposition catalyst 9 disposed inside; wherein, the number of the above-mentioned reaction vessels 12 is multiple, and they are sequentially and spaced apart in the same circumferential direction to form an annular structure; an intake pipe 1 disposed inside the above-mentioned annular structure, one end of which is simultaneously connected to the air inlets of multiple above-mentioned reaction vessels 12, and the other end is used to externally connect to an ammonia source; an exhaust pipe 2 for simultaneously connecting the air outlets of multiple above-mentioned reaction vessels 12; an electric heater 8 disposed in the gap of the above-mentioned annular structure; and a heat preservation structure, including a heat radiation reflection layer 7 and a heat preservation sleeve 4, the above-mentioned heat radiation reflection layer 7 is sleeved outside the above-mentioned annular structure, and the above-mentioned heat preservation sleeve 4 is simultaneously sleeved outside the above-mentioned annular structure, the above-mentioned intake pipe 1, the above-mentioned exhaust pipe 2, the above-mentioned electric heater 8 and the above-mentioned heat radiation reflection layer 7.

[0020] In the pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer designed in the present application, the electric heater 8 is placed in the gap of the annular structure. This layout enables the heat generated by the electric heater 8 to act more directly and concentratedly on the reaction vessel 12, effectively shortening the heat transfer path and reducing the heat loss during transmission. The heat radiation reflection layer 7 sleeved outside the annular structure uses the principle of heat radiation to reflect the heat emitted by the electric heater 8 back to the reaction vessel 12, minimizing the heat dissipation to the external environment to the greatest extent. The heat preservation sleeve 4 wraps the annular structure, the intake pipe 1, the exhaust pipe 2, the electric heater 8 and the heat radiation reflection layer 7 all together, forming multiple protections and further enhancing the heat preservation performance. Through such a design, the energy dissipation is greatly reduced, the heating efficiency of the electric heater 8 is significantly improved, the energy cost is effectively controlled, and thus the practicability of the entire ammonia decomposer in actual use is comprehensively improved, enabling it to better meet the requirements of large-scale green ammonia decomposition for high efficiency and energy conservation.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, it further includes a reaction gas mixing chamber 10 for connecting the above-mentioned intake pipe 1 and the air inlets of multiple above-mentioned reaction vessels 12; Wherein, the air inlet of any one of the above-mentioned reaction vessels 12 is connected to the above-mentioned reaction gas mixing chamber 10 through an intake connection pipe.

[0022] In the above embodiment, the reaction gas mixing chamber 10 can make the ammonia gas from the intake pipe 1 be fully mixed and uniform before entering each reaction vessel 12, ensuring that the parameters such as the ammonia gas concentration and pressure entering each reaction vessel 12 are the same, so that the ammonia decomposition reaction conditions in each reaction vessel 12 are the same, improving the stability and consistency of the decomposition reaction and enhancing the product quality.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, it further includes an outlet gas mixing chamber 6 for connecting the above-mentioned exhaust pipe 2 and the air outlets of multiple above-mentioned reaction vessels 12; Among them, the exhaust port of any one of the above reaction vessels 12 is communicated with the above outlet gas mixing chamber 6 through an outlet gas connecting pipe 11.

[0024] In the above embodiment, the outlet gas mixing chamber 6 can fully mix the gases decomposed by each reaction vessel 12, making the components of the discharged gas more uniform, which is convenient for subsequent centralized treatment and utilization of the decomposition products. For example, when used in power generation, hydrogen production and other processes, gases with stable components are more conducive to ensuring the stable operation of equipment.

[0025] As a preferred implementation manner, the above electric heater 8 is arranged at the gap between one of the adjacent above reaction vessels 12.

[0026] In the above embodiment, the number of electric heaters 8 is multiple, and the multiple electric heaters 8 are distributed one by one in the gaps between different adjacent reaction vessels 12. This layout enables each reaction vessel 12 to be heated nearby, shortening the heating path, allowing heat to be transferred to the reaction vessel 12 more quickly and efficiently, avoiding heat loss during long-distance transmission, greatly improving the heating efficiency, ensuring that the ammonia decomposition reaction can proceed under more suitable temperature conditions, and thus enhancing the efficiency and quality of the entire ammonia decomposition process.

[0027] As a preferred implementation manner, the above reaction vessel 12 is provided with a temperature sensor 3.

[0028] In the above embodiment, the temperature sensor 3 can monitor the temperature inside the reaction vessel 12 in real time, providing accurate temperature data for the operator. Through these data, the operator can timely grasp the temperature status of the ammonia decomposition reaction inside the reaction vessel 12. Once the temperature shows abnormal fluctuations, measures can be quickly taken for adjustment, such as adjusting the power of the electric heater 8, to ensure that the reaction always proceeds within a suitable temperature range. This not only helps to improve the stability and efficiency of the ammonia decomposition reaction, but also prevents problems such as catalyst deactivation and reduced reaction rate caused by too high or too low temperature, ensuring the smooth progress of the entire ammonia decomposition process and improving product quality and production efficiency.

[0029] Optionally, an opening is provided at the top of the reaction vessel 12, and the temperature sensor 3 is detachably arranged in the opening.

[0030] As a preferred implementation manner, each of the above reaction vessels 12 is in a cylindrical shape, the axes of any two of the above reaction vessels 12 are parallel to each other, the above intake pipe 1 is arranged at the center of the above annular structure and is arranged along the axial direction of the above annular structure; Among them, the above reaction gas mixing chamber 10 and the above outlet gas mixing chamber 6 are respectively arranged at both ends of the above intake pipe 1.

[0031] In the above embodiments, the manufacturing process of the cylindrical reaction vessel 12 is relatively simple, with a low cost, and its internal space is conducive to gas flow and reaction. The intake pipe 1 is located at the center of the annular structure, enabling ammonia to diffuse more evenly into each reaction vessel 12, ensuring consistent starting conditions for the reaction in each reaction vessel 12, and improving the consistency and stability of the reaction. By separately arranging the reaction gas mixing chamber 10 and the outlet gas mixing chamber 6 at both ends of the intake pipe 1, the paths for the entry of ammonia and the discharge of decomposition products are clear, facilitating gas flow and management, reducing pipeline crossing and confusion, and improving the operating efficiency and maintainability of the entire system.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, the material of the above reaction vessel 12 is selected from 316L, 15CrMoR, 12Cr2Mo1V or 310S.

[0033] In the above embodiments, 316L is a low-carbon austenitic stainless steel with good corrosion resistance, especially excellent in an environment containing chloride ions, capable of effectively resisting the erosion of corrosive substances that may be generated during ammonia decomposition, and extending the service life of the reaction vessel 12. 15CrMoR belongs to pearlitic heat-resistant steel, having good creep strength and oxidation resistance at high temperatures, and can withstand the high-temperature conditions required for ammonia decomposition reaction, ensuring the stable operation of the reaction vessel 12 under high-temperature working conditions. 12Cr2Mo1V is also a heat-resistant steel with excellent high-temperature performance and good tissue stability, capable of maintaining structural strength under complex temperature changes and meeting the requirements of temperature fluctuations during ammonia decomposition. 310S is an austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel with extremely high high-temperature resistance and oxidation resistance, capable of adapting to the high-temperature environment of ammonia decomposition reaction, preventing the reaction vessel 12 from being oxidized and damaged at high temperatures, ensuring the reliability and safety of the equipment, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0034] In addition, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, in the embodiments of the present application, if the terms "install" and "connect" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connect" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. If the orientation terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "side", etc. appear, they are only references to the direction of the accompanying drawings or the orientation in which the product is usually placed during use, and are only for clearly describing the present application, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and cannot be understood as a limitation to the present application. The terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; "a plurality" means at least two. In the embodiments of the present application, the limitations on relative position relationships such as parallel, perpendicular, and alignment mentioned are all in view of the current technological level and are not absolutely strict limitations. A small deviation is allowed, and approximate parallelism, approximate perpendicularity, approximate alignment, etc. are all acceptable. For example, if A is parallel to B, it means that A is parallel to B or approximately parallel to B, and the included angle between A and B can be between 0 degrees and 10 degrees.

[0035] The above are only some embodiments and implementation manners of the present application. The protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Without conflict, the embodiments and the features in the embodiments in the present application can be combined with each other, and any combination of the features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of the present application. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer, characterized in that, Comprising: A reaction vessel (12) having an air inlet and an air outlet, with an ammonia decomposition catalyst (9) provided inside; Wherein, the number of the reaction vessels (12) is multiple, and they are sequentially and spaced apart in the same circumferential direction to form an annular structure; An intake pipe (1) arranged inside the annular structure, one end of which is simultaneously connected to the air inlets of multiple reaction vessels (12), and the other end is used to connect to an external ammonia source; An exhaust pipe (2) for simultaneously connecting the air outlets of multiple reaction vessels (12); An electric heater (8) arranged at the gap of the annular structure; And A heat preservation structure, including a heat radiation reflection layer (7) and a heat preservation sleeve (4), the heat radiation reflection layer (7) is sleeved outside the annular structure, and the heat preservation sleeve (4) is simultaneously sleeved outside the annular structure, the intake pipe (1), the exhaust pipe (2), the electric heater (8) and the heat radiation reflection layer (7).

2. The pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a reaction gas mixing chamber (10) for connecting the intake pipe (1) and the air inlets of multiple reaction vessels (12); Wherein, the air inlet of any one of the reaction vessels (12) is connected to the reaction gas mixing chamber (10) through an intake connecting pipe.

3. The pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer according to claim 2, characterized in that, It further includes an outlet gas mixing chamber (6) for connecting the exhaust pipe (2) and the air outlets of multiple reaction vessels (12); Wherein, the air outlet of any one of the reaction vessels (12) is connected to the outlet gas mixing chamber (6) through an outlet connecting pipe (11).

4. A pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric heater (8) is arranged at the gap between two adjacent reaction vessels (12).

5. A pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction vessel (12) is provided with a temperature sensor (3).

6. The pressure-resistant ammonia cracker according to claim 3, wherein, Each reaction vessel (12) is in a cylindrical shape, the axes of any two reaction vessels (12) are parallel to each other, the intake pipe (1) is arranged at the center of the annular structure and is arranged along the axial direction of the annular structure; Wherein, the reaction gas mixing chamber (10) and the outlet gas mixing chamber (6) are respectively arranged at both ends of the intake pipe (1).

7. A pressure-resistant ammonia decomposer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The material of the reaction vessel (12) is selected from 316L, 15CrMoR, 12Cr2Mo1V or 310S.

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