Coal floating and sinking device, coal floating and sinking system and coal floating and sinking method

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal floating and sinking device, a coal floating and sinking system and a coal floating and sinking method, and relates to the technical field of coal mining, a solution preparation structure of the coal floating and sinking device is used for preparing a floating and sinking solution, the solution preparation structure is connected with a floating and sinking structure, the floating and sinking structure is used for floating materials, and a stirring structure is arranged in the floating and sinking structure; the floating and sinking structure is connected with the collecting structure, the collecting structure is used for collecting materials floated by the floating and sinking structure, the collecting structure is connected with the flushing structure, and the flushing structure is used for flushing the materials in the collecting structure. The crushing equipment of the coal floating and sinking system is used for crushing materials, the weighing equipment is used for weighing the crushed materials and the dried materials, and the robot is used for putting the weighed materials into the floating and sinking structure and putting the washed materials in the collecting structure into the drying equipment. The precision of the floating and sinking solution and sufficient material separation are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly to a coal floating and sinking device, a coal floating and sinking system, and a coal floating and sinking method. Background Art

[0002] During the coal mining process, a part of gangue is mixed into the coal. These gangues are an important reason for the increase in coal ash content and seriously affect the quality of coal. During the coal utilization process, flotation is usually used to process the coal to remove most of the gangue and some of the primary minerals in the coal. Usually, the coal is put into a solution with a certain density. The gangue with a density greater than that of the solution sinks to the bottom of the solution, and the coal with a density less than that of the solution floats on the surface of the solution. By adjusting the density of the solution, coals with different floating ratios are obtained. According to the density of the solution and the floating ratio of the coal, the density of the solution required for flotation is calculated. In actual production, this process is usually manually operated, with a large labor intensity and the results are easily affected by human factors. In addition, the existing floating and sinking separation is carried out in the same bucket, and the operation process is easily affected by human factors, the personnel are fatigued, the material separation is not sufficient, and it is easy to fish up the sinking materials at the bottom together when manually fishing up the floating materials, resulting in deviation of the results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coal floating and sinking device, a coal floating and sinking system, and a coal floating and sinking method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and ensure the accuracy of the floating and sinking solution and the sufficient separation of materials.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a coal floating and sinking device, including: a floating and sinking structure, a solution preparation structure, a collection structure, and a flushing structure. There is at least one floating and sinking structure and at least one collection structure. The floating and sinking structures and the collection structures correspond one by one. The solution preparation structure is used to prepare the floating and sinking solution. The solution preparation structure is connected to the floating and sinking structure. The floating and sinking structure is used for flotation of materials. A stirring structure is arranged in the floating and sinking structure. The floating and sinking structure is connected to the collection structure. The collection structure is used to collect the materials floated out by the floating and sinking structure. The collection structure is connected to the flushing structure. The flushing structure is used to flush the materials in the collection structure.

[0006] Preferably, the floating and sinking structure includes a floating and sinking barrel and a floating and sinking screen located inside the floating and sinking barrel. The floating and sinking screen is detachably connected to the floating and sinking barrel. The floating and sinking barrel is provided with a flotation feed inlet, a flotation discharge outlet, a liquid inlet, a liquid return port, and a floating and sinking barrel solution port. The flotation discharge outlet is connected to the collection structure, and a switch door is provided at the flotation discharge outlet. Both the liquid inlet and the liquid return port are connected to the solution preparation structure, and the floating and sinking barrel solution port is connected to the collection structure.

[0007] Preferably, an isolation screen is provided between the floating and sinking screen and the stirring structure, and the aperture of the isolation screen is smaller than that of the floating and sinking screen.

[0008] Preferably, a first liquid level sensor and a first material sensor are provided inside the floating and sinking structure. The position of the first liquid level sensor is lower than that of the first material sensor. The first liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the floating and sinking structure. The position of the first material sensor corresponds to the position of the flotation discharge outlet, and the first material sensor is used to detect whether there is flotation material at the height where the flotation discharge outlet is located.

[0009] Preferably, the collection structure includes a collection barrel and a collection screen located inside the collection barrel. The collection screen is detachably connected to the collection barrel. The collection barrel is provided with a collection feed inlet and a collection barrel solution port. Both the collection feed inlet and the collection barrel solution port are connected to the floating and sinking structure. The material flotation-selected by the floating and sinking structure enters the collection screen in the collection barrel through the collection feed inlet.

[0010] Preferably, a second liquid level sensor and a second material sensor are provided inside the collection structure. The second liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the collection structure. The second material sensor is located between the upper end and the bottom of the collection screen, and the second material sensor is used to detect whether the material in the collection screen reaches the position where the second material sensor is located.

[0011] Preferably, the flushing structure includes a circulation pump. The circulation pump is connected to the collection structure. Liquid enters the collection structure through the circulation pump to flush the material inside the collection structure, and the circulation of the liquid is realized through the circulation pump. The cleaned liquid is discharged by the circulation pump. A densitometer and a heating structure are provided inside the circulation pump. The densitometer is used to detect the density of the liquid passing through the circulation pump, and the heating structure is used to heat the liquid passing through the circulation pump.

[0012] Preferably, a stirring drive structure is further included. The stirring drive structure is located outside the floating and sinking structure, and the stirring drive structure is magnetically coupled with the stirring structure.

[0013] The present invention discloses a coal floating and sinking system, including a crushing device, a robot, a drying device, a weighing device and the coal floating and sinking device. The crushing device is used for crushing materials, the weighing device is used for weighing the crushed materials and the dried materials, and the robot is used for putting the weighed materials into the floating and sinking structure and putting the materials rinsed in the collecting structure into the drying device.

[0014] The present invention discloses a coal floating and sinking method using the coal floating and sinking system, including:

[0015] Preparation stage: Prepare the floating and sinking solution by using the solution preparation structure, crush the materials by using the crushing device, and then put the crushed materials into the weighing device for weighing by using the robot;

[0016] Flotation stage: When only one flotation is carried out on the materials, use one floating and sinking structure and one collecting structure. The weighed materials are put into the floating and sinking structure by the robot, the floating and sinking solution in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floating and sinking structure and the collecting structure, the stirring structure is started, the materials with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution sink, and the materials with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution float, and the floating materials enter the collecting structure;

[0017] When at least two flotations are carried out on the materials, the number of flotation times corresponds to the number of floating and sinking structures and the number of collecting structures. The weighed materials are put into the floating and sinking structure of the first stage by the robot, the floating and sinking solution of the first stage in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floating and sinking structure of the first stage and the collecting structure of the first stage, the stirring structure in the floating and sinking structure of the first stage is started, the materials with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution of the first stage sink, and the materials with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution of the first stage float, and the floating materials enter the collecting structure of the first stage; The materials sinking in the floating and sinking structure of the first stage are taken out and put into the floating and sinking structure of the second stage, the solution preparation structure is started, the floating and sinking solution of the second stage is adjusted to the corresponding density, the floating and sinking solution of the second stage in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floating and sinking structure of the second stage and the collecting structure of the second stage, the density of the floating and sinking solution of the second stage is higher than that of the floating and sinking solution of the first stage, the stirring structure in the floating and sinking structure of the second stage is started, the materials with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution of the second stage sink, and the materials with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution of the second stage float, and the floating materials enter the collecting structure of the second stage; This cycle is repeated until the flotation of the materials in the last stage is completed. During the flotation process, the density of the floating and sinking solution in the next stage is higher than that of the floating and sinking solution in the previous stage, and the flotation of materials with different densities can be realized;

[0018] Rinsing stage: Rinse the materials in each collecting structure through the rinsing structure;

[0019] Drying stage: The washed materials are placed into the drying equipment by a robot for drying, and then the dried materials are placed into the weighing equipment by the robot for weighing.

[0020] The present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the prior art:

[0021] The present invention uses a solution preparation structure to replace manual solution preparation, and the solution density is more accurate; the present invention is provided with a floating and sinking structure and a collection structure. The collection structure is used to collect the floating materials, and the floating and sinking structure is used to collect the sinking materials, avoiding the problem that traditional manual operation in the same bucket easily mixes the sinking materials at the bottom into the floating materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a coal floating and sinking device in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a coal floating and sinking system in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1 - floating and sinking bucket; 2 - floating materials; 3 - sinking materials; 4 - stirring blades; 5 - active magnetic coupler; 6 - switch door; 7 - floating material channel; 8 - collection bucket; 9 - collected materials; 10 - collection screen; 11 - first pipeline; 12 - water pump; 13 - second pipeline; 14 - drive motor; 15 - solution preparation structure; 16 - liquid inlet pipeline; 17 - circulation pump; 18 - second circulation pipeline; 19 - transmission structure; 20 - passive magnetic coupler; 21 - floating and sinking screen; 22 - first liquid level sensor; 23 - first material sensor; 24 - second liquid level sensor; 25 - second material sensor; 26 - liquid return pipeline; 27 - first circulation pipeline; 28 - crushing equipment; 29 - drying equipment; 30 - robot; 31 - weighing equipment; 32 - floating and sinking structure; 33 - collection structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] The object of the present invention is to provide a coal floating and sinking device, a coal floating and sinking system and a coal floating and sinking method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and ensure the accuracy of the floating and sinking solution and the full separation of materials.

[0028] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a coal floating and sinking device for flotation of coal, including: a floating and sinking structure 32, a solution preparation structure 15, a collection structure 33 and a flushing structure. There is at least one floating and sinking structure 32 and one collection structure 33, and the floating and sinking structure 32 and the collection structure 33 correspond one by one. The solution preparation structure 15 is used to prepare the floating and sinking solution, and the solution preparation structure 15 is connected to the floating and sinking structure 32. The floating and sinking structure 32 is used to float the material, and the material is coal. A stirring structure is arranged inside the floating and sinking structure 32. The floating and sinking structure 32 is connected to the collection structure 33. The collection structure 33 is used to collect the floating material 2 floated by the floating and sinking structure 32. The collection structure 33 is connected to the flushing structure, and the flushing structure is used to flush the material 9 collected in the collection structure 33. In this embodiment, the solution preparation structure 15 replaces manual solution preparation, and the solution density is more accurate. In this embodiment, the floating and sinking structure 32 and the collection structure 33 are provided. The collection structure 33 is used to collect the floating material 2, and the floating and sinking structure 32 is used to collect the sinking material 3, avoiding the problem that in the traditional manual operation in the same bucket, the sinking material at the bottom is easily mixed into the floating material.

[0031] In some embodiments, the solution preparation structure 15 can automatically prepare the floating and sinking solution in a specified proportion. The solution preparation structure 15 is an automatic density liquid preparation machine. The solvent required for preparing the floating and sinking solution is arranged inside the solution preparation structure 15. After being mixed evenly with the added clear water, the density is measured by the densitometer inside the solution preparation structure 15. When the measured density is smaller than the specified density, the solvent is automatically increased. When the measured density is larger than the specified density, clear water is automatically added. After the preparation is completed, the floating and sinking solution is ready for use. In this embodiment, the solution preparation structure 15 can realize the automatic preparation of the floating and sinking solution, replacing manual preparation of the floating and sinking solution, and the density of the floating and sinking solution is more accurate.

[0032] In some embodiments, the floating and sinking structure 32 includes a floating and sinking barrel 1 and a floating and sinking screen 21 located inside the floating and sinking barrel 1. The floating and sinking screen 21 is in the shape of a basket and is detachably connected to the floating and sinking barrel 1. The floating and sinking screen 21 allows the floating and sinking solution to pass through and blocks the passage of materials, facilitating the removal of the floating and sinking screen 21. The floating and sinking barrel 1 is provided with a flotation feed port, a flotation discharge port, a liquid inlet, a liquid return port, and a floating and sinking barrel 1 solution port. The flotation discharge port is connected to the collection structure 33, and a switch door 6 is provided at the flotation discharge port. The switch door 6 can be opened and closed through a driving structure. For example, structures such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric push rod can push the switch door 6 in the horizontal or vertical direction to achieve opening and closing. When the switch door 6 is opened, the floating material 2 can enter the collection structure 33 through the switch door 6. The liquid inlet is connected to the solution preparation structure 15 through a liquid inlet pipeline 16, and the liquid return port is connected to the solution preparation structure 15 through a liquid return pipeline 26. The floating and sinking barrel 1 solution port is connected to the collection structure 33, and a water pump 12 is provided on the pipeline between the floating and sinking barrel 1 solution port and the collection barrel 8 solution port of the collection structure 33. The floating and sinking solution in the solution preparation structure 15 enters the floating and sinking barrel 1 through the liquid inlet, and the floating and sinking solution in the floating and sinking barrel 1 flows back to the solution preparation structure 15 through the liquid return port, enabling the density of the floating and sinking solution to be detected in real time and ensuring that the density of the floating and sinking solution remains unchanged.

[0033] In some embodiments, since the floating and sinking screen 21 is detachably connected to the floating and sinking barrel 1, after the floating and sinking is completed, the floating and sinking screen 21 can be taken out manually or by a machine and placed into the collection barrel 8 of the collection structure 33, and the sinking material 3 can be washed through a washing structure, which can be carried out after the washing of the floating material 2 is completed.

[0034] In some embodiments, the stirring structure is located below the floating and sinking screen 21, and an isolation screen is provided between the floating and sinking screen 21 and the stirring structure. The aperture of the isolation screen is smaller than the aperture of the floating and sinking screen 21. The stirring structure includes stirring blades 4 and a passive magnetic coupler 20. The stirring blades 4 are connected to the passive magnetic coupler 20, and the stirring blades 4 can be replaced regularly after wear. The isolation screen can isolate the material particles leaking from outside the floating and sinking screen 21.

[0035] In some embodiments, it further includes a stirring drive structure. The stirring drive structure is located outside the floating and sinking structure 32, and the stirring drive structure is magnetically coupled with the stirring structure. The stirring drive structure of this embodiment includes a drive motor 14 and a driving magnetic coupler 5. The drive motor 14 drives the driving magnetic coupler 5 to rotate through a transmission structure 19. The transmission structure 19 includes a first transmission shaft and a second transmission shaft. One end of the first transmission shaft is connected to the power output end of the drive motor 14, a first bevel gear is provided at the other end of the first transmission shaft, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear is provided at one end of the second transmission shaft, and the other end of the second transmission shaft is connected to a driven magnetic coupler 20. The drive motor 14 drives the driving magnetic coupler 5 to rotate, and the driving magnetic coupler 5 is magnetically coupled with the driven magnetic coupler 20 to transmit torque, thereby realizing the rotation of the stirring blade 4. The drive motor 14 can drive the stirring blade 4 to rotate forward and backward, and the rotation speed and time of the stirring blade 4 can be adjusted. Through the stirring of the stirring blade 4, the material can be accelerated and dispersed in the floating and sinking solution.

[0036] In some embodiments, a first liquid level sensor 22 and a first material sensor 23 are arranged in the floating and sinking structure 32. The position of the first liquid level sensor 22 is lower than that of the first material sensor 23. The first liquid level sensor 22 is used to detect the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the floating and sinking structure 32. The position of the first material sensor 23 corresponds to the position of the floating material discharge port. The first material sensor 23 is used to detect whether there is floating material at the height where the floating material discharge port is located. When the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution rises to a certain specified height, the switch door 6 is opened, and the material enters the collection structure 33. The floating material on the liquid surface of the floating and sinking solution continuously decreases. When the first material sensor 23 detects a no-material signal, it is determined that all the floating materials 2 have entered the collection structure 33.

[0037] In some embodiments, the collection structure 33 includes a collection bucket 8 and a collection screen 10 located inside the collection bucket 8. The collection screen 10 can allow the floating and sinking solution to pass through and isolate the material. The collection screen 10 is detachably connected to the collection bucket 8. The collection screen 10 is in the shape of a basket, and a handle is provided at the top of the collection screen 10 for easy manual or machine removal. The collection bucket 8 is provided with a collection feed port and a collection bucket solution port. The collection feed port is connected to the floating bucket 1 through a floating material channel 7. The collection bucket solution port, the first pipeline 11, the circulation pump 17, the second pipeline 13, and the floating bucket 1 solution port are connected in sequence. The material floated out by the floating and sinking structure 32 enters the collection screen 10 in the collection bucket 8 through the collection feed port and becomes the collected material 9.

[0038] In some embodiments, a second liquid level sensor 24 and a second material sensor 25 are disposed within the collection structure 33. The second liquid level sensor 24 is configured to detect the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution within the collection structure 33. The second material sensor 25 is located between the upper end and the bottom of the collection screen 10, and is configured to detect whether the material within the collection screen 10 has reached the position where the second material sensor 25 is located, so as to avoid additional loss of the material due to the height of the material exceeding the upper edge of the collection screen 10.

[0039] In some embodiments, the number of the first liquid level sensor 22, the first material sensor 23, the second liquid level sensor 24, and the second material sensor 25 can be set as needed. The first material sensor 23 and the second material sensor 25 can be capacitance sensors, dielectric constant sensors, or microswitch sensors, preferably dielectric constant sensors.

[0040] In some embodiments, the flushing structure includes a circulation pump 17. A first circulation pipeline 27 is disposed at the upper part of the collection structure 33, and a second circulation pipeline 18 is disposed at the lower part of the collection structure 33. Both the first circulation pipeline 27 and the second circulation pipeline 18 are connected to the circulation pump 17. The liquid (clean water) enters the circulation pump 17 through the clean water inlet of the circulation pump 17, and then enters the collection structure 33 through the second circulation pipeline 18 to flush the material 9 collected within the collection structure 33. The liquid within the collection structure 33 flows back to the circulation pump 17 through the first circulation pipeline 27, and the circulation of the liquid is achieved through the circulation pump 17. After the cleaning is completed, the liquid within the collection structure 33 flows to the circulation pump 17 through the first circulation pipeline 27, and then is discharged from the sewage discharge port of the circulation pump 17. A densitometer and a heating structure are disposed within the circulation pump 17. The densitometer is configured to detect the density of the liquid passing through the circulation pump 17. When it is detected that the density of the circulated liquid does not change, that is, the cleaning is completed, or after setting the number of cleaning times, it is considered that the cleaning is completed. The heating structure is configured to heat the liquid passing through the circulation pump 17. The heating structure can pre-heat the clean water to be used, and use the heated clean water for flushing, so as to clean the remaining floating and sinking solution more quickly. In this embodiment, the liquid is preferably clean water. The clean water enters the circulation pump 17 through the clean water inlet of the circulation pump 17, then enters the collection structure 33 from the inlet at the lower part of the collection structure 33 through the second circulation pipeline 18, and then flows out from the outlet at the upper part of the collection structure 33 to the first circulation pipeline 27. Then, under the action of the circulation pump 17, the circulation is achieved. After circulating several times, it is discharged from the sewage discharge port of the circulation pump 17, and then clean water is added again.

[0041] In this embodiment, a solution preparation structure 15 is adopted to replace manual solution preparation, and the solution density is more accurate; the floating and sinking operation process is completely replaced by a machine, the process can be monitored, each step is standardized, and the result is less affected by human factors; in this embodiment, a floating and sinking structure 32 and a collection structure 33 are provided, the collection structure 33 is used to collect the floating materials 2, and the floating and sinking structure 32 is used to collect the sinking materials 3, avoiding the problem that in the traditional manual operation in the same bucket, the sinking materials at the bottom are easily mixed into the floating materials; in this embodiment, a magnetic coupling method is used to drive the stirring blade 4 to rotate for material stirring, and the stirring blade 4 in the floating and sinking bucket 1 and the stirring drive structure transmit torque in a non-contact manner, without direct physical contact, avoiding phenomena such as carding, wear, and power corrosion of the transmission shaft, and further improving the stirring efficiency and quality.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment discloses a coal floating and sinking system, including a crushing device 28, a robot 30, a drying device 29, a weighing device 31, and the coal floating and sinking device of Embodiment 1. The crushing device 28 is used to crush the materials, the weighing device 31 is used to weigh the crushed materials and the dried materials, and the robot 30 is used to put the weighed materials into the floating and sinking structure 32 and put the washed materials in the collection structure 33 into the drying device 29.

[0044] In some embodiments, the crushing device 28 can be a combination of one or more of common roll crushers, jaw crushers, and hammer crushers.

[0045] Embodiment 3

[0046] This embodiment discloses a coal floating and sinking method using a coal floating and sinking system, including:

[0047] Preparation stage: According to requirements, use the solution preparation structure 15 to prepare the floating and sinking solution, use the crushing device 28 to crush the materials to an appropriate particle size, and then use the robot 30 or manually put the crushed materials into the weighing device 31 for weighing;

[0048] Flotation stage: When only one flotation is carried out on the material, one floating and sinking structure 32 and one collection structure 33 are adopted. The weighed material is put into the floating and sinking structure 32 by the robot 30, and the floating and sinking solution in the solution preparation structure 15 is introduced into the floating and sinking structure 32. At this time, the switch door 6 is closed, the water pump 12 is started, and the floating and sinking solution enters the collection structure 33. The liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the floating and sinking structure 32 is located at the top edge of the switch door 6, and the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the collection structure 33 is located in the middle of the collection structure 33, that is, the floating and sinking solution in the collection structure 33 will not enter the floating and sinking structure 32 from the collection feed port. The driving motor 14 is started to drive the active magnetic coupler 5 to rotate. The active magnetic coupler 5 is magnetically coupled with the passive magnetic coupler 20, and then the rotation of the stirring blade 4 is realized. The material with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution sinks, and the material with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution floats. After the materials are fully separated, the switch door 6 is opened, and the floating material 2 enters the collection screen 10 of the collection structure 33, and the sinking material 3 exists in the floating and sinking screen 21 of the floating and sinking structure 32; while opening the switch door 6, the water pump 12 is started, and the floating and sinking solution in the collection structure 33 enters the floating and sinking structure 32 through the first pipeline 11 and the second pipeline 13, so that the floating and sinking solution in the floating and sinking structure 32 increases, the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution rises, and the floating and sinking solution carries the floating material 2 into the collection structure 33. When there is no floating material 2 in the floating and sinking structure 32, the floating and sinking solution returns from the collection structure 33 and the floating and sinking structure 32 to the solution preparation structure 15 for re-preparation and standby;

[0049] When the material is subjected to at least two flotation operations, the number of flotation operations corresponds to the number of floating and sinking structures 32 and the number of collection structures 33. The number of solution preparation structures 15 can be one or the same as the number of floating and sinking structures 32. The weighed material is placed into the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage by the robot 30. The floating and sinking solution of the first stage in the solution preparation structure 15 is introduced into the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage. At this time, the switch door 6 is closed, and the water pump 12 is started. The floating and sinking solution enters the collection structure 33 of the first stage. The liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage is located at the top edge of the switch door 6, and the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the collection structure 33 of the first stage is located in the middle of the collection structure 33 of the first stage, that is, the floating and sinking solution in the collection structure 33 of the first stage will not enter the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage from the collection feed port. The drive motor 14 in the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage is started to drive the active magnetic coupler 5 to rotate. The active magnetic coupler 5 is magnetically coupled with the passive magnetic coupler 20, and then the rotation of the stirring blade 4 is realized. The material with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution of the first stage sinks, and the material with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution of the first stage floats. After the materials are fully separated, the switch door 6 is opened. The floating material 2 enters the collection screen 10 of the collection structure 33 of the first stage. The water pump 12 is started while the switch door 6 is opened. The floating and sinking solution in the collection structure 33 of the first stage enters the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage through the first pipeline 11 and the second pipeline 13, so that the floating and sinking solution in the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage increases, the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution rises, and the floating and sinking solution carries the floating material 2 into the collection structure 33 of the first stage. When there is no floating material 2 in the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage, the floating and sinking solution returns from the collection structure 33 of the first stage and the floating and sinking structure 32 of the first stage to the solution preparation structure 15 for re-preparation and standby;The materials sinking in the first-stage floating and sinking structure 32 are taken out and placed into the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32. When the materials in the first-stage floating and sinking structure 32 are placed into the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32, part of the floating and sinking solution in the first stage will be brought into the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32 at the same time. Therefore, at this time, the solution preparation structure 15 is started to re-adjust the density of the floating and sinking solution in the second stage, and the floating and sinking solution in the second stage is adjusted to the corresponding density to avoid density distortion. Then, the floating and sinking solution in the second stage in the solution preparation structure 15 is introduced into the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32. The density of the floating and sinking solution in the second stage is higher than that of the floating and sinking solution in the first stage. At this time, the switch door 6 is closed, and the water pump 12 is started so that the floating and sinking solution enters the second-stage collection structure 33. The liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32 is located at the top edge of the switch door 6, and the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the second-stage collection structure 33 is located in the middle of the second-stage collection structure 33, that is, the floating and sinking solution in the second-stage collection structure 33 will not enter the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32 from the collection feed port. The driving motor 14 in the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32 is started to drive the active magnetic coupler 5 to rotate. The active magnetic coupler 5 is magnetically coupled with the passive magnetic coupler 20, thereby realizing the rotation of the stirring blade 4. The materials with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution in the second stage sink, and the materials with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution in the second stage float. After the materials are fully separated, the switch door 6 is opened, and the floating materials 2 enter the collection screen 10 of the second-stage collection structure 33. At the same time as the switch door 6 is opened, the water pump 12 is turned on, and the floating and sinking solution in the second-stage collection structure 33 enters the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32 through the first pipeline 11 and the second pipeline 13, so that the floating and sinking solution in the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32 increases, the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution rises, and the floating and sinking solution carries the floating materials 2 into the second-stage collection structure 33. When there are no floating materials 2 in the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32, the floating and sinking solution returns from the second-stage collection structure 33 and the second-stage floating and sinking structure 32 to the solution preparation structure 15 for re-preparation and standby; this process is repeated until the flotation of the materials in the last stage is completed. During the flotation process, the density of the floating and sinking solution in the lower stage is higher than that of the floating and sinking solution in the upper stage, and the flotation of materials with different densities can be realized;

[0050] The stirring process of the stirring structure is as follows: In the first time period T1, the stirring blade 4 rotates forward to accelerate dispersion. The materials at the bottom move upward from the center and downward from the periphery, facilitating the floating of materials with a density less than that of the floating and sinking liquid; in the second time period T2, the stirring blade 4 rotates forward for N turns and then rotates backward for N turns, making the materials more dispersed in the floating and sinking solution, facilitating the floating of small-particle materials or the sinking of large-particle materials; in the third time period T3, the stirring blade 4 remains stationary, and the materials are separated in the natural state; the above T1 to T3 can be reused;

[0051] Flushing stage: Close the switch door 6, the solution outlet of the collection bucket 8 and the water pump 12, turn on the circulation pump 17, and clear water enters from the upper inlet of the collection structure 33 through the first circulation pipeline 27, and then flows out from the lower outlet of the collection structure 33 to the second circulation pipeline 18. Both the first circulation pipeline 27 and the second circulation pipeline 18 are connected to the circulation pump 17, and the materials 9 collected in each collection structure 33 are flushed through the flushing structure;

[0052] When the materials are floated at least twice, the number of flushing structures can be one, which can provide multiple paths of clear water to different collection structures 33 for cleaning operations simultaneously, or the same as the number of floating and sinking structures 32;

[0053] Drying stage: The flushed materials are put into the drying equipment 29 by the robot 30 for drying, and then the dried materials are put into the weighing equipment 31 by the robot 30 for weighing.

[0054] In some embodiments, it further includes a packaging and packing unit and an identification unit. After weighing, the materials are automatically packaged and packed by the packaging and packing unit, and the material information is printed and pasted on the package by the identification unit, or the material information is written into the electronic tag.

[0055] In some embodiments, all the above actions can be controlled by the host computer control system. At the same time, the host computer can perform data analysis and processing on the floating and sinking results, and finally output an experimental report.

[0056] In the present invention, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal floating and sinking device, characterized in that: Comprising: A floating and sinking structure, a solution preparation structure, a collection structure, and a rinsing structure. There is at least one floating and sinking structure and at least one collection structure. The floating and sinking structures and the collection structures are in one-to-one correspondence. The solution preparation structure is used to prepare the floating and sinking solution, and the solution preparation structure is connected to the floating and sinking structure. The floating and sinking structure is used to float materials. A stirring structure is arranged inside the floating and sinking structure. The floating and sinking structure is connected to the collection structure. The collection structure is used to collect the materials floated by the floating and sinking structure. The collection structure is connected to the rinsing structure. The rinsing structure is used to rinse the materials in the collection structure.

2. The coal floating and sinking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating and sinking structure includes a floating and sinking barrel and a floating and sinking screen located inside the floating and sinking barrel. The floating and sinking screen is detachably connected to the floating and sinking barrel. The floating and sinking barrel is provided with a flotation feed inlet, a flotation discharge outlet, a liquid inlet, a return liquid outlet, and a floating and sinking barrel solution outlet. The flotation discharge outlet is connected to the collection structure. A switch door is arranged at the flotation discharge outlet. Both the liquid inlet and the return liquid outlet are connected to the solution preparation structure. The floating and sinking barrel solution outlet is connected to the collection structure.

3. The coal floating and sinking device according to claim 2, wherein: An isolation screen is arranged between the floating and sinking screen and the stirring structure. The aperture of the isolation screen is smaller than that of the floating and sinking screen.

4. The coal floating and sinking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first liquid level sensor and a first material sensor are arranged inside the floating and sinking structure. The position of the first liquid level sensor is lower than that of the first material sensor. The first liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the floating and sinking structure. The position of the first material sensor corresponds to the position of the flotation discharge outlet. The first material sensor is used to detect whether there are floated materials at the height where the flotation discharge outlet is located.

5. The coal floating and sinking device according to claim 1, wherein: The collection structure includes a collection barrel and a collection screen located inside the collection barrel. The collection screen is detachably connected to the collection barrel. The collection barrel is provided with a collection feed inlet and a collection barrel solution outlet. Both the collection feed inlet and the collection barrel solution outlet are connected to the floating and sinking structure. The materials floated by the floating and sinking structure enter the collection screen in the collection barrel through the collection feed inlet.

6. The coal floating and sinking device according to claim 5, wherein: A second liquid level sensor and a second material sensor are arranged inside the collection structure. The second liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the collection structure. The second material sensor is located between the upper end and the bottom of the collection screen. The second material sensor is used to detect whether the materials in the collection screen reach the position where the second material sensor is located.

7. The coal floating and sinking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rinsing structure includes a circulation pump. The circulation pump is connected to the collection structure. Liquid enters the collection structure through the circulation pump to rinse the materials in the collection structure, and the liquid is circulated through the circulation pump. The rinsed liquid is discharged by the circulation pump. A densitometer and a heating structure are arranged inside the circulation pump. The densitometer is used to detect the density of the liquid passing through the circulation pump. The heating structure is used to heat the liquid passing through the circulation pump.

8. The coal floating and sinking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a stirring drive structure, which is located outside the floating and sinking structure, and the stirring drive structure is magnetically coupled with the stirring structure.

9. A coal floating and sinking system, characterized in that: It includes a crushing device, a robot, a drying device, a weighing device and the coal floating and sinking device according to any one of claims 1-8. The crushing device is used to crush materials, the weighing device is used to weigh the crushed materials and the dried materials, and the robot is used to put the weighed materials into the floating and sinking structure and put the washed materials in the collection structure into the drying device.

10. A coal floating and sinking method using the coal floating and sinking system of claim 9, characterized in that: It includes: Preparation stage: Use a solution preparation structure to prepare a floating and sinking solution, use a crushing device to crush materials, and then use a robot to put the crushed materials into a weighing device for weighing. Flotation stage: When only one flotation is carried out on the materials, use one floating and sinking structure and one collection structure. The weighed materials are put into the floating and sinking structure by the robot, the floating and sinking solution in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floating and sinking structure and the collection structure, start the stirring structure, the materials with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution sink, and the materials with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution float, and the floating materials enter the collection structure. When at least two flotations are carried out on the materials, the number of flotations corresponds to the number of floating and sinking structures and the number of collection structures. The weighed materials are put into the floating and sinking structure of the first stage by the robot, the floating and sinking solution of the first stage in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floating and sinking structure of the first stage and the collection structure of the first stage, start the stirring structure in the floating and sinking structure of the first stage, the materials with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution of the first stage sink, and the materials with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution of the first stage float, and the floating materials enter the collection structure of the first stage; the materials sinking in the floating and sinking structure of the first stage are taken out and put into the floating and sinking structure of the second stage, the solution preparation structure is started, the floating and sinking solution of the second stage is adjusted to the corresponding density, the floating and sinking solution of the second stage in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floating and sinking structure of the second stage and the collection structure of the second stage, the density of the floating and sinking solution of the second stage is higher than that of the floating and sinking solution of the first stage, start the stirring structure in the floating and sinking structure of the second stage, the materials with a density higher than that of the floating and sinking solution of the second stage sink, and the materials with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking solution of the second stage float, and the floating materials enter the collection structure of the second stage; and so on in a cycle until the flotation of the materials in the last stage is completed. During the flotation process, the density of the floating and sinking solution in the next stage is higher than that of the floating and sinking solution in the previous stage, and the flotation of materials with different densities can be realized. Washing stage: Wash the materials in each collection structure through a washing structure. Drying stage: Use a robot to put the washed materials into a drying device for drying, and then use a robot to put the dried materials into a weighing device for weighing.

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