Detachable adjustable spray cavity system suitable for multiple experiment working conditions

Abstract

The invention discloses a detachable adjustable spray cavity system suitable for multiple experimental working conditions. The detachable adjustable spray cavity system comprises a hollow spherical cavity, a spray pipe fixing hole, an observation window, a maintenance interface, a heating module, a thermocouple interface, a power interface and a bracket for supporting the hollow spherical cavity, a plurality of spray pipe fixing holes are formed in a single longitude plane of the hollow spherical cavity along a spherical arc line of the hollow spherical cavity; the spray pipe fixing holes are formed at fixed angles at intervals from the vertex of the outer surface of the hollow spherical cavity; a spray pipe capable of stretching relative to the spray pipe fixing hole is arranged in the spray pipe fixing hole; the two observation windows are respectively arranged on longitude planes which are adjacent to the longitude plane of the spray pipe fixing hole by 90 degrees and 180 degrees; a heating module is arranged at the lower end of the hollow spherical cavity, a thermocouple interface and a power interface are arranged on the two sides of the heating module respectively, and the thermocouple interface is connected with a temperature sensor to monitor temperature changes of the heating module in real time and feed back the temperature changes to a control system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of spray experiments, and particularly relates to a detachable and adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions. Background Art

[0002] In many fields such as hydrodynamic research, spray cooling, combustion tests, and aerosol experiments, it is often necessary to use a spray device to precisely spray a specific spatial area to simulate different fluid environments. However, in existing spray devices, the arrangement method of the spray nozzle, the spraying angle, and the spray uniformity directly affect the repeatability and accuracy of the experiment.

[0003] Currently, traditional spray devices mostly adopt the following several structural arrangement methods: one is the dispersed arrangement of nozzles, that is, nozzles are randomly or regularly installed at different positions on the surface of the device; the other is the concentrated arrangement of nozzles, that is, multiple nozzles are installed on the same plane or multiple fixed spraying points. Although these arrangement methods can meet the basic requirements in some application scenarios, there are still the following deficiencies:

[0004] 1. The spray distribution is uneven, affecting the experimental accuracy

[0005] In the existing dispersed arrangement method, due to the random or irregular distribution of nozzle positions, the flow field of the spray in the target area is not easy to maintain uniformity, which may lead to too high or too low local fluid concentration and affect the reliability of experimental data. For example, in aerosol experiments, aerosol particles may over-accumulate in some areas while having a lower concentration in other areas, thus affecting the accuracy of experimental results.

[0006] 2. Severe interference of the spray pipe, resulting in unstable flow field

[0007] In some devices with concentrated nozzle arrangements, the spraying directions of multiple nozzles may interfere with each other, resulting in a disordered flow field and forming unexpected eddy or turbulent structures. This flow field interference not only reduces the repeatability of the experiment but also may affect experimental variables such as particle deposition and heat transfer, making it difficult to standardize the experimental conditions.

[0008] 3. Complicated installation and adjustment, lack of flexibility

[0009] The nozzle arrangement methods in the prior art are often not flexible enough. Adjusting the installation angle of the nozzle requires major structural modifications, such as redrilling holes or replacing the nozzle bracket, which limits the adaptability of the experimental equipment under different working conditions, increases the experimental preparation time and maintenance cost. In addition, non-standard nozzle arrangement methods may also lead to installation errors, further affecting the experimental accuracy.

[0010] 4. Poor structural stability, vulnerable to external forces

[0011] The installation method of some nozzles adopts threaded connection or a simple snap structure, which is prone to loosening or deformation during high-dynamic environments or long-term use, affecting the stability of the spraying direction. In addition, the uneven distribution of the positions of the nozzle holes may cause local stress concentration in the cavity, increasing the risk of device damage and affecting the service life of the equipment.

[0012] 5. The adaptability of the spray system is poor and it is difficult to meet different experimental requirements

[0013] Due to the relatively fixed arrangement of the nozzles in the existing spray device, it is difficult to flexibly adjust the spraying range, angle and flow rate during the experiment, resulting in limited applicability of the equipment. For example, in some experiments that require precise control of the spray angle and coverage range, the traditional nozzle arrangement method often cannot provide sufficient adjustment ability, limiting the application range of the equipment.

[0014] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need in the prior art for an improved spray device that can, while ensuring spray uniformity, reduce nozzle interference, improve the structural stability of the equipment, and enhance the flexibility and adjustability of the spray system. Summary of the Invention

[0015] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a detachable and adjustable spray chamber system that can effectively improve the uniformity, stability and experimental repeatability of spraying, and at the same time has good adaptability and maintainability.

[0016] To solve the above technical problems, the technical method adopted by the present invention is: The present invention discloses a detachable and adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions, including a hollow spherical cavity, nozzle fixing holes, observation windows, maintenance interfaces, heating modules, thermocouple interfaces and power supply interfaces, and a bracket for supporting the hollow spherical cavity;

[0017] On a single meridian plane of the hollow spherical cavity, a number of nozzle fixing holes are provided along the spherical arc of the hollow spherical cavity; the nozzle fixing holes are arranged at intervals of a fixed angle starting from the vertex of the outer surface of the hollow spherical cavity;

[0018] A nozzle that can expand and contract relative to the nozzle fixing hole is provided in the nozzle fixing hole;

[0019] There are two observation windows, which are respectively arranged on the meridian planes adjacent 90 degrees and 180 degrees to the meridian plane of the nozzle fixing hole;

[0020] A heating module is provided at the lower end of the hollow spherical cavity. Thermocouple interfaces and power supply interfaces are respectively provided on both sides of the heating module. The thermocouple interface is connected to a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature change of the heating module in real time and feed it back to the control system. The control system adjusts the power supply to the heating module through the power supply interface according to the feedback information of the thermocouple to achieve precise temperature control.

[0021] Further, the telescopic adjustment of the nozzle is realized through a spiral telescopic mechanism; the spiral telescopic mechanism includes a Hall displacement sensor and a rotary encoder, and combines with a microcontroller to run a spatial geometry compensation algorithm to dynamically correct the nozzle trajectory deviation.

[0022] Further, the compensation algorithm is through the formula: Calculate the correction angle and dynamically calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the nozzle, and realize real-time compensation by driving a micro stepping motor through PID closed-loop control;

[0023] In the formula, ΔL is the telescopic amount, L0 is the initial length of the nozzle, θ H is the horizontal azimuth angle and θ V vertical inclination angle.

[0024] Further, laser positioning reference points are arranged at the bottom of the cavity, and a three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the center of the heating module as the origin. Then the nozzle coordinates are:

[0025] X = (L0 + ΔL) · cosθ H · sinθ V

[0026] Y = (L0 + ΔL) · sinθ H · sinθ V

[0027] Z = (L0 + ΔL) · cosθ V

[0028] Further, the control system has an adaptive calibration mechanism, including the following steps:

[0029] S1. The system executes an automatic zeroing program, the nozzle shrinks to the shortest position, aligns with the laser reference point, and establishes a zero reference system.

[0030] S2. The Hall displacement sensor detects the telescopic amount of the nozzle in real time, and triggers the controller to correct every time a 0.5 mm change is detected;

[0031] S3. The rotary encoder continuously monitors the rotation angle of the nozzle, and calculates the nozzle coordinates in combination with the laser positioning data;

[0032] S4. The control core calculates the correction angle through a spatial geometry model and dynamically adjusts the nozzle attitude;

[0033] The S5.PID algorithm drives the stepper motor to adjust the nozzle, keeping the target coordinate error within ±0.5 mm.

[0034] Furthermore, the control system executes an automatic calibration program every 24 hours, extending the nozzle to the calibration points of 50 mm, 100 mm, and 200 mm in sequence, and correcting the mathematical model parameters through the laser ranging module, and compensating the data is stored in the non-volatile memory.

[0035] Furthermore, the maintenance interface includes a drain port and a detection hole, and high-pressure resistant rotary sealing caps are installed on both the drain port and the detection hole.

[0036] Furthermore, the hollow spherical cavity is a hemisphere, and the heating module is provided under the circular bottom surface of the hemisphere; a fixed bracket is provided under the circular bottom surface.

[0037] Furthermore, a breathable valve interface is provided at the top of the hollow spherical cavity.

[0038] Furthermore, the heating module includes an embedded copper core heating rod, and the outer shell of the copper core heating rod is coated with a high-temperature insulating material.

[0039] Beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The present invention adopts a nozzle telescopic adjustment mechanism, combines a Hall displacement sensor and a rotary encoder, and runs a spatial geometry compensation algorithm through a microcontroller to calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the nozzle in real time and dynamically correct the spray trajectory deviation. The compensation algorithm is based on PID closed-loop control, enabling the stepper motor to accurately adjust the nozzle angle and position, ensuring that the spray trajectory error is stably within ±0.5 mm. This technical solution effectively improves the repeatability and accuracy of the spray experiment, and can maintain a consistent spray coverage range under different experimental conditions compared with the traditional fixed nozzle structure.

[0041] 2. The control system of the present invention has an automatic zeroing and periodic self-calibration function. By arranging laser positioning reference points at the bottom of the cavity, a three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the heating module as the origin is established, and combined with the Hall sensor and the rotary encoder, accurate positioning of the nozzle is achieved. The system executes multi-point calibration (50 mm, 100 mm, 200 mm) every 24 hours and corrects the mathematical model parameters through the laser ranging module to ensure the stability of the nozzle positioning accuracy during long-term operation. This technical solution significantly reduces the trajectory drift caused by long-term operation and improves the reliability of the spray system in complex environments.

[0042] 3. The present invention adopts a hollow spherical cavity structure, arranges a plurality of nozzle fixing holes on the spherical arc line, and is provided with 90° and 180° observation windows, so that the spray coverage range is wider, and it is convenient for experimental observation and data collection. In addition, a heating module, a thermocouple interface and a power supply interface are integrated at the bottom of the cavity, which can realize real-time and precise temperature control to ensure the experimental stability under different ambient temperature conditions. At the same time, the maintenance interface adopts a high-pressure resistant rotary seal cover, which improves the sealing performance and pressure resistance of the system, enabling it to adapt to various experimental conditions of high temperature, high pressure and complex air flow environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 is the external design drawing of the multifunctional detachable adjustable intelligent spray cavity system applicable to various experimental conditions in the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the schematic cross-sectional view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1: A detachable adjustable spray cavity system applicable to multiple experimental conditions

[0047] As Figure 1-2 shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional detachable adjustable intelligent spray cavity system applicable to various experimental conditions, including a cavity body 4, nozzle fixing holes 2, a heating module 6, a thermocouple interface 7, a power supply interface 10, observation windows 5 and maintenance interfaces 5, and a bracket 11.

[0048] Preferably, each part is precisely combined by means of threaded connection, flange interface and fixing screw holes to form an integrated structure. Among them, the cavity body 4 adopts a spherical closed structure. Preferably, it is made of 316 / 304 stainless steel. The outer surface is polished, and the inner surface is precisely machined to ensure the uniformity of the spray. Its diameter is 450 mm, height is 640 mm, and wall thickness is 8 mm, with excellent high temperature and high pressure resistance performance.

[0049] At the top of the cavity body 4: there is a 1 / 4 air vent valve interface 8, located at the center of the top of the cavity. Another 1 / 8 condensation interface 9 is arranged radially along the cavity for the input / output of condensate.

[0050] At the bottom of the cavity, a flange structure is adopted. The outer diameter of the flange matches the heating module 6. A through hole with a diameter of 16 mm is opened at the center of the bottom for the heating rod cable to pass through, and is locked and sealed by threads.

[0051] The nozzle fixing holes 2 are fixed to the side wall of the cavity body 4 by threaded connection. On a single meridian plane of the hollow spherical cavity 4, a number of nozzle fixing holes 2 are provided along the spherical arc of the hollow spherical cavity 4; the nozzle fixing holes 2 are arranged at fixed angular intervals starting from the vertex of the outer surface of the hollow spherical cavity 4.

[0052] In the present invention, the nozzle fixing holes are arranged on a single meridian plane, so that the jet directions of all nozzles are concentrated in a vertical section, ensuring uniform distribution of the jet fluid within this section. It is possible to avoid the flow field deviation caused by uneven nozzle arrangement and improve the stability of the spraying system.

[0053] In the technical solution of the present invention, the nozzle fixing holes 2 are along the spherical arc of the hollow spherical cavity 4 and are located on a single meridian plane, and are arranged at fixed angular intervals starting from the vertex of the outer surface. This design is carefully considered. The main purpose is to ensure the uniformity and symmetry of the spray flow field, reduce spray interference, improve the experimental repeatability, and optimize the jet angle to enhance the experimental control accuracy. Since the jet directions of all nozzles are concentrated in the same vertical section, the fluid jet is evenly distributed within this section, which helps to avoid flow field deviation and improve the stability of the system. At the same time, the nozzles are fixed on a single meridian plane and are arranged at equal angular intervals, so that the jet flows of each nozzle do not interfere with each other, thereby reducing experimental errors and improving the experimental repeatability. In addition, this arrangement can make the spray present a regular laminar or turbulent structure throughout the section, facilitating the precise control of experimental parameters such as particle deposition and heat transfer. At the same time, this design also provides greater flexibility for the adjustment of the nozzle. During the experiment, if the nozzle needs to be adjusted, only the installation angle needs to be changed, without changing the nozzle arrangement method, thus simplifying the adjustment work.

[0054] In addition to the above-mentioned advantages in experimental performance, this design also shows many advantages in terms of structure.

[0055] First of all, by arranging the nozzle holes at fixed intervals, the mounting holes of the nozzles can be standardized in production, thereby reducing processing errors, improving the installation accuracy, and facilitating the later maintenance and replacement of the nozzles.

[0056] Secondly, compared with the method of dispersedly arranging the nozzle holes, this scheme can enhance the overall strength of the cavity, reduce local stress concentration, avoid cavity cracking or deformation caused by uneven stress, and improve the durability of the device.

[0057] In addition, the regular arrangement of the nozzles can adapt to different experimental requirements by changing the nozzle type or adjusting the jet parameters such as flow rate and temperature, without changing the cavity structure, improving the adaptability and versatility of the equipment.

[0058] Finally, this layout can also effectively reduce the disturbance of the air flow during the spraying process, reduce the vortex phenomenon caused by improper nozzle arrangement, make the distribution of the air flow in this plane more predictable, and thus improve the stability of the experimental environment.

[0059] In summary, setting the nozzle fixing holes on a single meridian plane and arranging them at intervals along the spherical arc not only optimizes the uniformity and controllability of the spraying system, but also enhances the mechanical strength and maintainability of the device. This design effectively improves the repeatability and stability of the experiment, while reducing the manufacturing and maintenance costs, showing good engineering application value.

[0060] Preferably, the nozzle layout can be: number of nozzles: 15; nozzle interval: 5°; minimum nozzle spacing: 18 mm; interface thread specification: M6; nozzle outer diameter: 4 mm, minimum inner diameter: 2 mm; nozzle end: connected to a rotating mechanism, can rotate freely 360°, supporting telescopic adjustment from 10 mm to 200 mm.

[0061] Among them, for error compensation and adjustment, the sensor system includes:

[0062] The Hall displacement sensor with a resolution of ±0.1 mm detects the telescopic amount of the nozzle in real time;

[0063] The absolute encoder with an accuracy of ±0.1° monitors the horizontal angle of the nozzle;

[0064] Laser positioning reference points are set at the bottom of the cavity to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system;

[0065] Compensation algorithm: Use the STM32F407 microcontroller, combined with the spatial geometric model to calculate the nozzle position error.

[0066] Use PID closed-loop control to adjust the step angle of the stepper motor by 0.9° and the torque by 2 N·m to achieve an error correction of ±0.5 mm.

[0067] Adopt a harmonic reducer with a reduction ratio of 1:50 to improve the accuracy and set an overload protection module.

[0068] System self-calibration:

[0069] Automatically zero when starting up, the nozzle shrinks to 10 mm to establish a reference coordinate.

[0070] Automatically perform calibration every 24 hours. The nozzle extends to the calibration points of 50 mm / 100 mm / 200 mm in sequence, and use laser ranging to adjust the compensation parameters.

[0071] The heating module 6 is located at the bottom of the cavity body 4 and is fixed by flange bolts.

[0072] Preferably, the heating element is an embedded copper core heating rod with a high-temperature insulation layer on its surface, a diameter of 12 mm, and a shell diameter of 16 mm. It is sealed through an M16 threaded interface + a high-temperature resistant sealing washer. The bottom of the heating module 6 is provided with a pressure relief valve for automatically discharging overpressure gas and a connection to an external detection interface, as well as a liquid leakage detection groove to prevent equipment damage.

[0073] Among them, there are two observation windows 3, which are respectively arranged on the meridian planes adjacent to the nozzle fixing hole 2 by 90 degrees and 180 degrees in the meridian plane. Among them, the center of the observation window is 320 mm from the bottom of the cavity. The material of the observation window 3 is 12 mm thick tempered glass. It is fixed by an M8 thread + sealed with a high-temperature resistant silicone rubber sealing ring.

[0074] The maintenance interface 5 includes a drain port and a detection hole. Among them, the drain port has a diameter of 15 mm, an M10 thread + a rotating sealing cover. The detection hole has a diameter of 8 mm, an M10 thread, and supports the connection of external detection equipment.

[0075] The bracket 11 is fixed through M6 screw holes and is in direct contact with the bottom of the cavity body 4.

[0076] Preferably, the bracket 11 adopts a triangular frame, with a rubber anti-slip pad at the bottom and a height of 100 mm. Seismic optimization is achieved through shear-resistant bolts + vibration stabilization design.

[0077] The characteristics of this embodiment also lie in achieving trajectory error compensation and automatic calibration through the telescoping and rotation adjustment of the nozzle. Among them, the compensation algorithm is through the formula: Calculate the correction angle and dynamically calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the nozzle, and achieve real-time compensation by driving a micro stepping motor through PID closed-loop control; in the formula, ΔL is the telescoping amount, L0 is the initial length of the nozzle, θ H is the horizontal azimuth angle and θ V is the vertical inclination angle.

[0078] Arrange laser positioning reference points at the bottom of the cavity, establish a three-dimensional coordinate system with the center of the heating module 6 as the origin, then the nozzle coordinates are:

[0079] X = (L0 + ΔL) · cosθ H · sinθ V

[0080] Y = (L0 + ΔL) · sinθ H · sinθ V

[0081] Z = (L0 + ΔL) · cosθ V

[0082] Specifically, the nozzle assembly 2 is equipped with a telescopic adjustment mechanism with a stroke range of 10 mm to 200 mm, suitable for different experimental conditions. The nozzle is connected to the rotary adjustment mechanism by threads, supports 360° rotation in the horizontal direction, and uses a micro stepping motor for precise angle control. The step angle of the stepping motor is 0.9°, the output torque is 2 N·m, and it is combined with a harmonic reducer with a reduction ratio of 1:50 to effectively improve the adjustment accuracy.

[0083] During the telescopic process of the traditional nozzle, the injection trajectory will shift due to the length change, affecting the experimental accuracy. This system uses a high-precision Hall displacement sensor with a resolution of ±0.1 mm to monitor the telescopic amount in real time, and combines an absolute encoder with an accuracy of ±0.1° for angle monitoring.

[0084] In addition, the bottom heating module 6 is provided with a laser reference point for calibrating the deviation of the nozzle injection trajectory.

[0085] The control system is based on an STM32F407 microcontroller and uses a PID closed-loop control algorithm to reduce the nozzle offset error from ±3.5 mm to ±0.4 mm, and improve the spray center positioning repeat accuracy to ±0.2 mm, meeting the ISO9283 standard.

[0086] The system is built-in with an automatic zeroing mechanism. When starting up, the nozzle automatically returns to the 10 mm reference point, and is combined with a laser ranging module for zero calibration. At the same time, the controller executes a calibration program every 24 hours, sequentially verifying the telescopic lengths of 50 mm, 100 mm, and 200 mm, and storing the correction parameters in the non-volatile memory to achieve the persistence of compensation data after power-off.

[0087] Embodiment 2: Adjusting the high-temperature and high-pressure sealing structure of the spray chamber system and the cavity body

[0088] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further optimizes the structural design of the cavity body 4, high-temperature resistant sealing technology, and pressure control to ensure the stable operation of the system in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment.

[0089] Specifically, the cavity body 4 adopts a spherical closed design, with an outer diameter of 450 mm, a height of 640 mm, and a wall thickness of 8 mm. It is made of 316 / 304 stainless steel to enhance corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. The inner surface is polished with a high-precision mirror surface roughness <0.8 μm to prevent liquid adhesion and improve spray uniformity.

[0090] The flange interface of the cavity uses multiple layers of high-temperature resistant silicone rubber sealing rings and is fixed with ring bolts of M8 specification to ensure no leakage in a 2 MPa pressure environment. The connection part between the nozzle and the cavity adopts the method of thread fastening + sealing gasket to improve the sealing performance. An automatic exhaust valve is provided at the bottom of the cavity, which automatically releases when the internal pressure exceeds the set value of 2.2 MPa to ensure the safety of the system.

[0091] Example 3: Precise Temperature Control and Safety Protection of the Atomizing Chamber System and Heating Module

[0092] Based on Example 1, in this example, the heating module 6 is installed at the bottom of the chamber and fixed by flange bolts. Its core component is an embedded copper core heating rod with a diameter of 12 mm, and the outer layer is coated with high-temperature insulating material to ensure safe and stable long-term operation.

[0093] The system is built-in with a dual temperature monitoring mechanism, using a thermocouple interface 7 and an infrared temperature sensor, with a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.2°C. The control system is based on PWM pulse width modulation technology to dynamically adjust the heating power and ensure that the temperature fluctuation range is controlled within ±0.5°C.

[0094] In addition, a pressure relief safety valve and a liquid detection tank are provided at the bottom of the chamber. When the temperature or pressure inside the chamber rises abnormally, the pressure relief valve automatically opens, and the detection tank emits an alarm signal to prevent equipment damage.

[0095] Example 4: Quick Replacement Design of the Atomizing Chamber System, Observation Window and Maintenance Interface

[0096] Based on Example 1, this example focuses on the structural design and function optimization of the observation window 3 and the maintenance interface 5

[0097] The observation window 3 is located on the side wall of the chamber body 4, made of 12 mm tempered glass, and fixed through an M8 threaded interface. The observation window adopts a quick-release sealing structure, which can be replaced or cleaned without disassembling the chamber, and is suitable for high-frequency experimental scenarios.

[0098] The maintenance interface 5 is located at the bottom of the chamber, including a drain port with a diameter of 15 mm and a detection hole with a diameter of 8 mm, both of which are connected by M10 threads and equipped with a high-pressure resistant rotary sealing cover to ensure the sealing and safety during maintenance.

[0099] Example 5: Anti-seismic Structure and Stable Fixing of the Atomizing Chamber System and Bracket 11

[0100] Based on Example 1, as Figure 1 shown, the bracket 11 adopts a triangular frame structure, with high-strength rubber anti-slip pads at the bottom, and is fixed to the bottom of the chamber through three M6 screw holes to ensure the stability of the equipment in different environments.

[0101] The top of the bracket is fixed with anti-shear bolts. This structure effectively reduces the transmission of external impact force while ensuring the fastening strength, and improves the anti-vibration ability of the bracket. During the experiment, the bracket can resist external vibration impacts of level 6, ensuring the stable operation of the chamber in a dynamic experimental environment.

[0102] This design is particularly suitable for high-dynamic experimental environments, which can effectively reduce the interference of vibration on the spray flow field and improve the reliability of experimental data.

[0103] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A detachable and adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions, characterized in that, It includes a hollow spherical cavity (4), nozzle fixing holes (2), observation windows (3), maintenance interfaces (5), a heating module (6), a thermocouple interface (7), a power supply interface (10), and a bracket (11) for supporting the hollow spherical cavity (4); On a single meridian plane of the hollow spherical cavity (4), a number of nozzle fixing holes (2) are provided along the spherical arc of the hollow spherical cavity (4); the nozzle fixing holes (2) are arranged at intervals of a fixed angle starting from the vertex of the outer surface of the hollow spherical cavity (4); A nozzle (1) that can be telescopic relative to the nozzle fixing hole (2) is provided in the nozzle fixing hole (2); There are two observation windows (3), which are respectively arranged on the meridian planes adjacent 90 degrees and 180 degrees to the meridian plane of the nozzle fixing hole (2); A heating module (6) is provided at the lower end of the hollow spherical cavity (4). A thermocouple interface (7) and a power supply interface (10) are respectively provided on both sides of the heating module (6). The thermocouple interface (7) is connected to a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature change of the heating module (6) in real time and feedback it to the control system. The control system adjusts the power supply to the heating module (6) through the power supply interface (10) according to the feedback information of the thermocouple (7) to achieve precise temperature control.

2. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic adjustment of the nozzle (1) is realized through a screw telescopic mechanism; the screw telescopic mechanism includes a Hall displacement sensor and a rotary encoder, and combines a microcontroller to run a spatial geometry compensation algorithm to dynamically correct the nozzle trajectory deviation.

3. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The compensation algorithm uses the formula: to calculate the correction angle and dynamically calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the nozzle, and realizes real-time compensation by driving the micro stepping motor through PID closed-loop control; where ΔL is the telescopic amount, L0 is the initial length of the nozzle, and θ H is the horizontal azimuth angle and θ V is the vertical inclination angle.

4. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, Laser positioning reference points are arranged at the bottom of the cavity, and a three-dimensional coordinate system is established with the center of the heating module (6) as the origin. Then the nozzle coordinates are: X = (L0 + ΔL)·cosθ H ·sinθ V Y = (L0 + ΔL)·sinθ H ·sinθ V Z = (L0 + ΔL)·cosθ V 5. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 4, wherein The control system has an adaptive calibration mechanism, including the following steps: S1. The system executes an automatic zeroing program. The nozzle (1) retracts to the shortest position and aligns with the laser reference point to establish a zero reference system. S2. The Hall displacement sensor detects the telescopic amount of the nozzle (1) in real time, and triggers the controller to correct every time a 0.5 mm change is detected; S3. The rotary encoder continuously monitors the rotation angle of the nozzle and calculates the nozzle coordinates in combination with the laser positioning data; S4. The control core calculates the correction angle through a spatial geometry model and dynamically adjusts the nozzle attitude; S5. The PID algorithm drives the stepping motor to adjust the nozzle to keep the target coordinate error within ±0.5 mm.

6. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that The control system executes an automatic calibration program every 24 hours, extends the nozzle to the calibration points of 50 mm, 100 mm, and 200 mm in sequence, and corrects the mathematical model parameters through a laser ranging module. The compensated data is stored in a non-volatile memory.

7. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maintenance interface (5) includes a drain port and a detection hole, and high-pressure resistant rotary sealing covers are installed on both the drain port and the detection hole.

8. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 1, wherein The hollow spherical cavity (4) is a hemisphere, and the heating module (6) is provided under the circular bottom surface of the hemisphere; a fixed bracket (11) is provided under the circular bottom surface.

9. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, A breather valve interface (8) is provided at the top of the hollow spherical cavity (4).

10. The detachable adjustable spray chamber system applicable to multiple experimental conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that The heating module (6) includes an embedded copper core heating rod, and the outer shell of the copper core heating rod is coated with a high-temperature insulating material.

Images