Photovoltaic panel recovery production line and process

Abstract

The photovoltaic panel recycling production line comprises a positioning conveying device, a pretreatment part, a smashing device, a pyrolysis device and a separation device, the separation device comprises an air sorting machine, a discharging box and a dust remover, a light outlet of the air sorting machine is connected with the discharging box, and the air sorting machine, the discharging box and the dust remover form a circulating air system to sort materials; dust in the separation equipment is cleaned; the preprocessing part comprises a 3D visual device, a plurality of detection assemblies are installed in the separation device, the detection assemblies and the 3D visual device are in data linkage to form an intelligent regulation and control system, and the intelligent regulation and control system can regulate and control the air pressure of the air sorting machine according to data fed back in real time. Through the arrangement of the air circulation system in the separation device and the application of the intelligent regulation and control technology, the separation effect and efficiency are improved, the automation degree is improved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel recycling, and specifically provides a photovoltaic panel recycling production line and process. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly because it can utilize clean and renewable solar energy resources. The cumulative installed capacity of photovoltaic modules has almost increased exponentially, and the scale and market application of China's photovoltaic industry are among the top in the world. A photovoltaic module is a photovoltaic device composed of glass, encapsulation materials (such as EVA film), solar cells, backsheets (or back glass), aluminum frames, junction boxes, etc., which are encapsulated according to a certain production process and reach a certain output power and output voltage under certain light conditions. Most photovoltaic modules have a service life of 25 to 30 years. How to reasonably process retired photovoltaic modules is a major problem faced by the future photovoltaic industry and an important part of realizing the recyclability of photovoltaic modules throughout their life cycle.

[0003] Chinese Patent with Application No. CN202010930469.0 discloses a method and device for recycling broken glass photovoltaic modules. This invention recycles broken glass photovoltaic modules by adopting a combined separation method that combines mechanical and thermal decomposition, and uses a disassembly and recycling method with mechanical separation as the main method and heat treatment as the auxiliary method to sequentially separate the junction box, metal frame, backsheet, EVA material, metal solder tape, and silicon wafers and glass, achieving the separation of single components in the photovoltaic module, without generating waste gas that affects the environment, and at the same time can realize large-scale, continuous, and stable disassembly and treatment of waste photovoltaic modules, which is suitable for large-scale application in the fields of photovoltaic module production and recycling.

[0004] However, in the recycling process of this patent, the material separation is complex, the recycling efficiency is low, and the recycling purity is low. Due to the mixture of different structural components in the products obtained by crushing, during screening, it is impossible to efficiently separate the silicon wafers from the mixture of glass and solder tape, which increases the difficulty of material recycling, reduces the recycling purity of the material, and increases the energy consumption of recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic panel recycling production line and process to solve the problems raised in the above background.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A photovoltaic panel recycling production line includes a positioning and conveying device, a pretreatment unit, a crushing device, a pyrolysis device, and a separation device; The separation device includes an air separator, a discharge box, and a dust collector. The light-quality outlet of the air separator is connected to the discharge box. The air separator, the discharge box, and the dust collector form a circulating air system to separate materials and clean the dust in the separation equipment. The pretreatment section includes a 3D vision device. A plurality of detection components are installed in the separation device. The plurality of detection components are data-linked with the 3D vision device to form an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system can adjust the air pressure of the air separator according to the real-time feedback data.

[0007] Preferably, the air separator further includes a heavy-quality outlet. The air separator can separate the fragments crushed by the crushing device according to density through circulating air. The heavy-quality outlet outputs waste materials, and the light-quality outlet sends the silicon wafers to the discharge box. The discharge box makes the silicon wafers settle through a cavity structure.

[0008] Preferably, the pretreatment section adopts a mechanical separation method to sequentially separate the junction box, the metal frame, and the backplane. The pretreatment section is sequentially provided with an automatic feeding device, a junction box removing device, a frame removing device, and a backplane removing device along the conveying direction of the photovoltaic panel, and the positioning conveying device connects adjacent devices.

[0009] Preferably, the intelligent control system can detect the size and positioning data of the photovoltaic panel through the 3D vision device, and adjust the conveying distance of the positioning conveying device according to the data to realize the automatic conveying of materials of different sizes, and automatically capture the number and direction of the junction boxes on the photovoltaic panel to control the junction box removing device to perform automatic operations.

[0010] Preferably, the frame removing device is provided with a chamfering module, a heating module, and a frame pushing module. The frame removing device sequentially uses the chamfering module, the heating module, and the frame pushing module for the photovoltaic panel.

[0011] Preferably, the backplane removing device is sequentially provided with a rotary hob and a sand belt along the moving direction of the photovoltaic panel. A bag dust removal device is provided on one side of the backplane removing device.

[0012] Preferably, the automatic feeding device is provided with a plurality of feeding positions, and the pyrolysis device heats the crushed photovoltaic panel fragments.

[0013] Preferably, the separation device further includes a secondary screening device. A silicon wafer conveying device is provided between the feeding port of the secondary screening device and the discharge port of the discharge box. The secondary screening device performs secondary screening on the output material of the discharge box.

[0014] A photovoltaic panel recycling process includes the following steps: S01: The photovoltaic panel sequentially completes automatic feeding, removal of the junction box, removal of the metal frame, and removal of the backplane through the pretreatment section and transmits the photovoltaic panel to the crushing device. S02: The crushing device crushes the photovoltaic panel with the backplane removed; S03: The crushed photovoltaic panel is heated by a pyrolysis device to remove the organic matter in the photovoltaic panel fragments; S04: The heated photovoltaic panel fragments are screened by a separation device.

[0015] Preferably, the intelligent control system is used to match the processing parameters of different models of photovoltaic panels, and during the operation of the separation device, the efficient separation of silicon wafers from glass and solder tapes is achieved through the circulating air system and real-time air pressure adjustment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Through the setting of the separation device, especially the air separator, the separation of silicon wafers from glass and solder tapes is achieved by using the principle of aerodynamics and taking advantage of the density differences among silicon wafers, glass fragments and solder tapes. By adjusting the air pressure, the separation effect is further improved. At the same time, the grading screen performs secondary screening on the silicon wafers, so that the separation purity reaches more than 95%, improving the separation effect between the silicon wafers and the mixture of glass and solder tapes. Thus, the recovery purity of the materials is increased, and the recovery difficulty and energy consumption of the materials are reduced.

[0017] 2. The intelligent control technology is used in the present invention to adjust the air pressure in the separation device in real time. Combining the detection data of the 3D vision device in the first half of the process and the data detected by the detection components in the separation device, the best air pressure is calculated in real time to increase the separation effect. If there is a stacking phenomenon in the air duct, reverse air flow is triggered to clean the blockage, ensuring the stability of continuous sorting, thereby further improving the separation effect and sorting efficiency.

[0018] 3. The automatic feeding device, 3D vision device and positioning and conveying device in the present invention connect the entire photovoltaic panel recycling production line, realizing the functions of automatic feeding, automatic recognition of the size of the incoming materials, and self-operation of the whole line. At the same time, it has the advantages of high sorting efficiency, high degree of system automation and reduction of manual labor intensity. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic panel recycling process of the present invention; Figure 2 is the flow chart of the pretreatment step of the present invention; Figure 3 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is the structure diagram of the positioning and conveying device of the present invention; Figure 5 is the structure diagram of the frame removing device of the present invention; Figure 6 is the structure diagram of the tail gas treatment of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the separation device structure of the present invention; Figure 8 Internal schematic diagram of the separation device of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the backend processing equipment of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, positioning and conveying device; 2, automatic feeding device; 3, 3D vision device; 4, de-junction box device; 5, de-frame device; 6, de-backplane device; 7, crushing device; 8, pyrolysis device; 9, separation device; 91, air separator; 92, discharge box; 93, dust collector; 10, secondary screening device; 11, bag dust collector; 12, tail gas treatment device; 13, silicon wafer conveying device; 14, waste conveying device. Specific embodiments

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1 To improve the separation effect between the silicon wafer and the mixture of glass and solder tape, as Figures 1 to 9 shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic panel recycling production line, including a positioning and conveying device 1, a pretreatment section, a crushing device 7, a pyrolysis device 8, and a separation device 9. The separation device 9 includes an air separator 91, a discharge box 92, and a dust collector 93. The light outlet of the air separator 91 is connected to the discharge box 92. The air separator 91, the discharge box 92, and the dust collector 93 form a circulating air system to clean the dust in the separation equipment and screen the light and heavy materials of the materials.

[0023] The air separator 91 further includes a heavy outlet. The air separator 91 can separate the fragments crushed by the crushing device 7 according to density through the circulating air. The heavy outlet of the air separator 91 outputs waste, and the light outlet sends the silicon wafer to the discharge box 92. The discharge box 92 makes the silicon wafer settle through the cavity structure.

[0024] The inside of the discharge box 92 is a cavity structure. A star feeder is provided at its discharge port. The feed port of the discharge box 92 is connected to the light discharge port of the air separator 91. The air outlet of the discharge box 92 is communicated with the air inlet of the dust collector 93. The cavity structure of the discharge box 92 reduces the air flow velocity of the entering air, so that the silicon wafer falls and is output from the discharge port, while the dust will enter the dust collector 93 with the air from the air outlet.

[0025] The dust collector 93 can be a cyclone dust collector, which adopts a centrifugal separation mechanism. The dust-containing air flow enters the dust collector 93 tangentially, forming a high-speed rotating eddy current. The particulate matter is thrown towards the wall under the action of centrifugal force, settles by gravity and falls into the ash hopper, and the purified gas is discharged from the top. In this embodiment, the particulate matter entering from the air inlet of the dust collector 93 will accumulate at the lower ash hopper. The air outlet of the dust collector 93 is connected to the air inlet of the air separator 91 through a ventilation duct. The purified gas is discharged from the air outlet of the dust collector 93 and enters the air separator 91 to sort the photovoltaic panel fragments therein.

[0026] A plurality of detection components are installed in the separation device 9. The air pressure of the air separator 91 is adjusted in real time according to the feedback of the detection components. The detection components are data-linked with the 3D vision device 3 of the pretreatment unit to form an intelligent control system.

[0027] The positioning and conveying device 1 centers and positions the photovoltaic panel and moves the positioned photovoltaic panel. Exemplarily, it includes a positioning structure and a conveying structure. The conveying structure adopts a conveyor belt structure, and the driving structure of the positioning and conveying device 1 includes a servo motor and a reducer.

[0028] The pretreatment unit adopts a mechanical separation method to sequentially separate the junction box, metal frame and backplane. The pretreatment unit is sequentially provided with an automatic feeding device 2, a junction box removing device 4, a frame removing device 5 and a backplane removing device 6 along the conveying direction of the photovoltaic panel, and the positioning and conveying device 1 connects adjacent devices. The pretreatment unit also includes a 3D vision device 3. Each adjacent device of the automatic feeding device 2, the junction box removing device 4, the frame removing device 5 and the backplane removing device 6 is connected by the positioning and conveying device 1. The 3D vision device 3 is located between the automatic feeding device 2 and the junction box removing device 4, that is, the devices passed by the photovoltaic panel are: automatic feeding device 2, positioning and conveying device 1, 3D vision device 3, junction box removing device 4, positioning and conveying device 1, frame removing device 5, positioning and conveying device 1 and backplane removing device 6.

[0029] The crushing device 7 crushes the photovoltaic panel output by the pretreatment unit; the photovoltaic panel output by the backplane removing device 6 directly enters the crushing device 7. The crushing device 7 crushes the photovoltaic panel by means of gear meshing. Exemplarily, the crushing device 7 can adopt a double-shaft shredder.

[0030] The pyrolysis device 8 heats the crushed photovoltaic panel fragments; there is a conveying device between the pyrolysis device 8 and the crushing device 7. The pyrolysis device 8 can be a tunnel kiln. The crushed photovoltaic panel enters the tunnel kiln through the positioning and conveying device 1. The high temperature in the kiln is 500 - 600 °C, decomposing the organic matter in the photovoltaic panel fragments. The organic matter includes EVA film, and only silicon wafers, glass and solder tapes are left after discharging. A tail gas treatment device 12 is provided on one side of the pyrolysis device 8 to make the tail gas emission meet the standards.

[0031] There are multiple conveying devices between the separation device 9 and the pyrolysis device 8. While conveying the photovoltaic panel fragments, this conveying device raises the height. The separation device 9 includes an air separator 91, a discharge box 92, and a dust collector 93. The air separator 91 separates the heated photovoltaic panel fragments according to their materials. The light-quality outlet of the air separator 91 is connected to the discharge box 92. The dust in the ventilation duct of the separation device 9 is removed by the dust collector 93. The air separator 91, the discharge box 92, and the dust collector 93 are all connected through ventilation ducts and jointly form a circulating air system.

[0032] It should be noted that a vibrating feeding device is provided at the feeding port of the air separator 91. The heavy-quality outlet of the air separator 91 outputs the glass and solder tapes in the photovoltaic panel fragments, while the silicon wafers are output from the light-quality outlet of the air separator 91. The light-quality outlet of the air separator 91 is communicated with the discharge box 92. The inside of the discharge box 92 is a cavity. After the silicon wafers enter the discharge box 92, since the internal space of the discharge box 92 is larger than the diameter of the ventilation duct, the acting force of the circulating air on the silicon wafers is reduced after entering the discharge box 92, so that the silicon wafers fall out from the discharge port provided at the bottom of the discharge box 92.

[0033] In this embodiment, there are multiple feeding positions in the automatic feeding device 2, which can achieve continuous feeding. The automatic feeding device 2 can be provided with a manipulator controlled by a program. The manipulator will automatically grab the photovoltaic panel at the target position and place it at the designated position to ensure continuous feeding.

[0034] The 3D vision device 3 mainly detects the external dimensions of the photovoltaic panel, the position and quantity of the junction boxes, and synchronizes the data to the controller. The controller automatically adjusts the states of the various devices on the production line in real time according to the relevant data, so as to intelligently control the entire production line and realize the automatic operation of the devices according to different-sized materials.

[0035] The junction box removing device 4 determines the position of the junction box according to the data sent by the 3D vision device 3 to the controller, adjusts the applicable size according to the relevant data, and automatically captures according to different junction box quantities and directions, and automatically adjusts the direction of the shovel to adapt.

[0036] The frame removing device 5 is provided with a chamfering module, a heating module, and a frame pushing module. The frame removing device 5 uses the chamfering module, the heating module, and the frame pushing module on the photovoltaic panel in sequence. The chamfering module can cut off the connecting parts at the four corners of the photovoltaic panel in the way of a saw blade. After the cut-off photovoltaic panel enters the heating module, the heating module heats the surrounding frame to about 100°C. The frame pushing module uses a ball screw and a motor drive to push out the heated frame. The purpose of heating is to soften the glue layer to make it easier to push out.

[0037] The backsheet removing device 6 is successively provided with a rotary hob and a sand belt along the moving direction of the photovoltaic panel. A bag dust removal device 11 is arranged on one side of the backsheet removing device 6. The backsheet removing device 6 removes the backsheet on the surface of the photovoltaic panel by means of a rotary hob, and then removes the remaining part with a sand belt. At the same time, the bag dust removal device 11 collects the soot generated during this process to prevent environmental pollution.

[0038] In this embodiment, the separation device 9 further includes a secondary screening device 10. A silicon wafer conveying device 13 is arranged between the feed inlet of the secondary screening device 10 and the discharge outlet of the discharge box 92. The secondary screening device 10 performs secondary screening on the output material of the discharge box 92. The top of the secondary screening device 10 is connected with a bag dust removal device 11 to prevent air pollution during secondary screening.

[0039] It should be noted that a waste conveying device 14 is arranged below the heavy material discharge port of the air separator 91, and a silicon wafer conveying device 13 is arranged below the discharge outlet of the discharge box 92. The waste conveying device 14 can be composed of multiple conveying devices, and the silicon wafer conveying device 13 can also be composed of multiple conveying devices. The conveying device can be a conveyor belt, a screw conveyor, or both can be applied at the same time; the silicon wafer conveying device 13 sends the silicon wafers to the feed inlet of the secondary screening device 10, and the waste conveying device 14 sends the glass and solder tapes into another secondary screening device 10; the secondary screening device 10 can select screening devices such as vibrating screens, grading screens, and inclined screens to perform secondary screening on the separated silicon wafers.

[0040] The air separator 91 operates based on the principles of gas-solid two-phase flow dynamics and density difference stratification. When the air separator 91 is used for photovoltaic panel recycling, the recovery rate of glass can be ≥95%, and the glass is graded by air flow velocity at 10–15 m / s, and the silicon wafers at 8–10 m / s, and its purity can reach more than 98%.

[0041] In this embodiment, the working process of the separation device 9 includes: the air separator 91 separates the heated fragments according to density, the heavy material outlet outputs glass and solder tapes, and the light material outlet sends the silicon wafers to the discharge box 92; the discharge box 92 makes the materials settle through the cavity structure and outputs them to the secondary screening device 10 for secondary screening.

[0042] It should be noted that the air separator 91, the discharge box 92 and the dust collector 93 jointly form a circulating air system. When the air separates the photovoltaic panel fragments in the air separator 91, the glass and the solder tape are output from the heavy material discharge port of the air separator 91, and the silicon wafers enter the discharge box 92 with the air from the light material discharge port. Due to its cavity structure, the flow rate of the air in the discharge box 92 decreases, causing the silicon wafers to fall due to gravity and be output from the discharge port of the discharge box 92. The air will carry dust and be output from the air outlet of the discharge box 92, and enter the dust collector 93 along the air inlet of the dust collector 93. The dust in the dust collector 93 accumulates in the ash hopper, and the purified air is output from the air outlet above. The purified air enters the air separator 91 through the ventilation duct to complete a new round of air separation, forming a complete air circulation system.

[0043] The separation device 9 uses the principle of aerodynamics to separate by the density difference between the silicon wafers, glass fragments and solder tape, and forms an air circulation system to separate the silicon wafers from the glass and solder tape. At the same time, the secondary separation device improves the purity of each part, and the separation purity reaches more than 95%; it improves the separation effect between the silicon wafers and the mixture of glass and solder tape; thus increasing the recovery purity of the materials and reducing the recovery difficulty and energy consumption of the materials.

[0044] Embodiment 2 Based on the above embodiment, in the actual use process of the air circulation system in the separation device 9, in the face of complex situations such as material accumulation, the response is slow and the degree of automation needs to be improved.

[0045] To improve the degree of system automation, in another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of detection components are installed in the separation device 9. The detection components include various sensors such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow meters and optical particle counters. The air pressure of the air separator 91 is adjusted in real time according to the feedback of the pressure sensor. The detection components are data-linked with the 3D vision device 3 of the pretreatment unit to form an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system can adjust the air pressure of the air separator 91 according to the real-time feedback data. Exemplarily, the air pressure in the separation device 9 is adjusted in real time according to the feedback of the pressure sensor. Temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow meters and optical particle counters are installed at the key nodes inside the air separator 91, the discharge box 92, the dust collector 93 and the ventilation duct to monitor parameters such as air flow velocity, material density, and particle distribution in real time. The controller performs data fusion and analysis on the above data to control the air circulation state in the separation device 9 and improve the recovery efficiency.

[0046] The intelligent control system detects the size and positioning data of the photovoltaic panels through the 3D vision device 3, and adjusts the conveying distance of the positioning conveying device 1 according to the data to achieve the automatic conveying of materials of different sizes. It automatically captures the number and direction of the junction boxes on the photovoltaic panels and controls the junction box removing device 4 to perform automatic operations. Moreover, it can also dynamically adjust the air pressure parameters of the air separator 91 according to the heating temperature of the pyrolysis device 8.

[0047] It should be noted that when the controller conducts fusion analysis on the data, it integrates the device operation data and environmental data through the Internet of Things technology to construct a panoramic view of the air flow state. At the same time, it trains a model based on historical data to predict the impact of different material characteristics on the air flow separation efficiency, dynamically adjusts the parameters, and adopts fuzzy control rules to optimize the separation accuracy for the complex relationship between the air flow speed and particle suspension, realizing dynamic feedback regulation and adjusting the fan speed according to the real-time monitoring data. And when an abnormal state such as air flow blockage is detected, it can automatically start a reverse pulse to dredge the channel.

[0048] The above intelligent control technology can reduce the mixing ratio of silicon powder and glass slag by dynamically adjusting the air flow speed, increase the metal recovery rate to over 95%, and the glass separation purity reaches 90%. At the same time, it reduces the ineffective air flow circulation time through the prediction model, reducing the energy consumption by 20%.

[0049] The above intelligent control technology is connected to the 3D vision device 3 for data to achieve intelligent control of the entire production line, complete real-time monitoring and dynamic regulation of the air flow situation in the separation device 9. Through real-time calculation and dynamic feedback, it ensures the best air pressure, improves the separation effect. If abnormal phenomena such as accumulation occur in the air duct, it triggers a reverse air flow to clean the blockage, ensuring the stability of continuous separation, thereby further improving the separation effect and separation efficiency.

[0050] Embodiment 3: Based on the above embodiment, a photovoltaic panel recycling process includes the following steps: S01: The photovoltaic panel sequentially completes automatic feeding, removing the junction box, removing the metal frame, and removing the back panel through the pretreatment section and transfers the photovoltaic panel to the crushing device 7.

[0051] S02: The crushing device 7 crushes the photovoltaic panel after removing the back panel.

[0052] S03: The crushed photovoltaic panel is heated by the pyrolysis device 8 to remove the organic matter in the photovoltaic panel fragments.

[0053] S04: The heated photovoltaic panel fragments are screened through the separation device 9.

[0054] Specifically, this embodiment further provides preferred specific implementation manners for each step. It can be understood that these preferred implementation manners are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make substitutions or improvements in combination with their respective technical means according to this implementation manner.

[0055] As Figure 2 shown, step S01 may include: S011: Automatically loading the photovoltaic panel.

[0056] S012: The positioning and conveying device 1 centers and positions the photovoltaic panel.

[0057] S013: Use the 3D vision device 3 to detect various data of the photovoltaic panel.

[0058] S014: Remove the junction box from the photovoltaic panel.

[0059] S015: Heat the frame of the photovoltaic panel and remove the frame.

[0060] S016: Remove the backsheet from the photovoltaic panel.

[0061] Step S04 is specifically as follows: During the operation of the separation device 9, the photovoltaic panel fragments to be separated are input from the feed port of the air separator 91. The glass and solder strips in the photovoltaic panel fragments are output from the heavy-quality outlet of the air separator 91. The silicon wafers in the photovoltaic panel fragments are sent to the discharge box 92 through the light-quality outlet of the air separator 91. The inside of the discharge box 92 is a cavity. After the air enters the discharge box 92, its flow rate becomes smaller, and the materials carried by it fall and are output from the discharge port of the discharge box 92.

[0062] Moreover, the silicon wafers output from the discharge port of the discharge box 92 are sent to the secondary screening device 10 by the silicon wafer conveying device 13 for secondary screening, and the glass and solder strips output from the heavy-quality outlet of the air separator 91 are sent to another secondary screening device 10 by the waste conveying device 14 for secondary screening.

[0063] In this embodiment, the intelligent control system matches the processing parameters of different models of photovoltaic panels, and during the operation of the separation device 9, the efficient separation of silicon wafers from glass and solder strips is achieved through the circulating air system and real-time air pressure adjustment; at the same time, the automatic loading device 2, 3D vision device 3, and positioning and conveying device 1 enable the entire photovoltaic panel recycling production line to achieve automatic control, realizing the functions of automatic loading, automatic identification of the size of the incoming material, and self-operation of the whole line. At the same time, the sorting efficiency and the degree of system automation are improved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.

[0064] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel recycling production line, including a positioning and conveying device, a pretreatment section, a crushing device, a pyrolysis device and a separation device, characterized in that the separation device includes an air classifier, a discharge box and a dust collector. The light outlet of the air classifier is connected to the discharge box. The air classifier, the discharge box and the dust collector form a circulating air system to sort materials and clean the dust in the separation equipment; the pretreatment section includes a 3D vision device. A plurality of detection components are installed in the separation device. The plurality of detection components are data-linked with the 3D vision device to form an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system can adjust the air pressure of the air classifier according to the real-time feedback data.

2. The photovoltaic panel recycling production line according to claim 1, characterized in that The air classifier also includes a heavy outlet. The air classifier can separate the fragments crushed by the crushing device according to density through circulating air. The heavy outlet outputs waste materials, and the light outlet sends the silicon wafers to the discharge box. The discharge box makes the silicon wafers settle through a cavity structure.

3. The photovoltaic panel recycling production line according to claim 1, wherein The pretreatment section adopts a mechanical separation method to sequentially separate the junction box, the metal frame and the backplane. The pretreatment section is sequentially provided with an automatic feeding device, a junction box removing device, a frame removing device and a backplane removing device along the conveying direction of the photovoltaic panel, and the positioning and conveying device connects adjacent devices.

4. The photovoltaic panel recycling production line according to claim 1, wherein The intelligent control system can detect the size and positioning data of the photovoltaic panel through the 3D vision device, and adjust the conveying distance of the positioning and conveying device according to the data to realize the automatic conveying of materials of different sizes, and automatically capture the number and direction of the junction boxes on the photovoltaic panel to control the junction box removing device to perform automatic operations.

5. The photovoltaic panel recycling production line according to claim 3, characterized in that, The frame removing device is provided with a chamfering module, a heating module and a frame pushing module. The frame removing device uses the chamfering module, the heating module and the frame pushing module on the photovoltaic panel in sequence.

6. The photovoltaic panel recycling production line according to claim 3, wherein, The backplane removing device is sequentially provided with a rotary hob and a sand belt along the moving direction of the photovoltaic panel. A bag dust collector is provided on one side of the backplane removing device.

7. The photovoltaic panel recycling production line according to claim 3, characterized in that, A plurality of feeding positions are provided in the automatic feeding device, and the pyrolysis device heats the crushed photovoltaic panel fragments.

8. The photovoltaic panel recycling production line according to claim 1, wherein, The separation device further includes a secondary screening device. A silicon wafer conveying device is provided between the feeding port of the secondary screening device and the discharge port of the discharge box. The secondary screening device performs secondary screening on the output material of the discharge box.

9. A photovoltaic panel recycling process, wherein the process uses the photovoltaic panel recycling production line as described in any one of claims 1-8 to recycle photovoltaic panels, and is characterized in that, Including the following steps: S01: The photovoltaic panel sequentially completes automatic feeding, removal of the junction box, removal of the metal frame and removal of the backplane through the pretreatment section and transfers the photovoltaic panel to the crushing device; S02: The crushing device crushes the photovoltaic panel from which the backplane has been removed; S03: The crushed photovoltaic panel is heated by the pyrolysis device to remove the organic matter in the photovoltaic panel fragments; S04: The heated photovoltaic panel fragments are screened through the separation device.

10. The photovoltaic panel recycling process according to claim 9, characterized in that, The processing parameters of different models of photovoltaic panels are matched through the intelligent control system, and during the operation of the separation device, the efficient separation of silicon wafers from glass and solder tapes is achieved through the circulating air system and real-time air pressure adjustment.

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