Direct pressure type sludge dewatering machine and dewatering method

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct pressure type sludge dewatering machine and a dewatering method, and belongs to the field of sludge treatment. The dehydrator comprises a base body, a pre-pressing station and a main pressing station are arranged on the base body, a pre-pressing device and a main pressing device are arranged on the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station respectively, and an unpacking station and a mud packing station are further arranged on the base body. The unpacking station, the mud packing station, the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station are distributed according to four vertexes of a rectangle and form a closed loop path in the clockwise or anticlockwise direction; the dehydrator further comprises a container used for stacking the mud bags and a conveying system used for circularly conveying the container along the closed-loop path. By adopting the scheme of respectively wrapping sludge into blocks by a plurality of pieces of filter cloth and laminating and pressing, the sludge dewatering device has the advantages of good dewatering effect, high efficiency, small occupied area and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of sludge treatment, and in particular relates to a direct pressure sludge dewatering machine and a dewatering method. Background Art

[0002] Sludge dehydration is a key link in reducing the moisture content of sludge to achieve volume reduction and resource utilization. Traditional treatment methods mainly rely on thermal drying technology. For example, a disc dryer can reduce the moisture content of sludge from 80% to 40% by consuming a large amount of steam. However, this method is relatively expensive and has bottlenecks such as high energy consumption and poor economy. In order to break through this limitation, this field further adopts mechanical filter press dehydration as a treatment process: through high-pressure pressing technology, the moisture content of sludge is first reduced from 80% to 60%, significantly reducing the amount of water evaporation in subsequent thermal drying.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN118976297A discloses a multi-station sludge filter pressing method, which realizes sludge filter pressing and dehydration through the cooperation of two coating separation modules and a solidification module responsible for filter pressing. The coating separation module is responsible for cleaning and flattening the filter cloth and completing the coating of the sludge, and then the solidification module is responsible for reciprocating folding the filter cloth covered with sludge and then performing high-pressure dehydration. Its defects are: 1. During dehydration, the sludge is located in the layers of the circuitous filter cloth and is not completely wrapped by the filter cloth. The sludge is easy to overflow from the side openings, resulting in poor dehydration and filtration effects.

[0004] 2. Due to the design of reciprocating folding of a single continuous filter cloth, the filter cloth needs to be thoroughly cleaned and the wrinkles / deviations need to be repaired after recycling. The processing process is lengthy, resulting in a complex structure and low efficiency of the coating separation module. Therefore, this solution configures two coating separation modules and a movable curing module to cooperate with each other, reducing the waiting time of the curing module and improving the utilization rate of the curing module. However, this method increases the equipment cost on the one hand, and on the other hand, in order to ensure the mobility of the curing module, its working pressure must be compromised, which reduces the dehydration effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a direct pressure sludge dewatering machine and a dewatering method, the purposes of which are: 1. to solve the problem of incomplete filter cloth wrapping; 2. to solve the problem of long filter cloth processing time and long waiting time for filter press module.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine comprises a base body, a pre-pressing station and a main pressing station are arranged on the base body, a pre-pressing device and a main pressing device are arranged on the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station respectively, and an unpacking station and a mud packing station are also arranged on the base body; the unpacking station, the mud packing station, the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station are distributed according to the four vertices of a rectangle, and form a closed loop path in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction; The dehydrator further includes a container for stacking mud packages and a conveying system for circulating and transporting the container along the above-mentioned closed-loop path; A unpacking device is arranged at the unpacking station, and the unpacking device is used to open the mud packages in the container; A filter cloth transfer vehicle and a filter cloth cleaning device are further arranged on the base body between the unpacking station and the mud-packing station. The filter cloth transfer vehicle is used to transport the unpacked filter cloth to the mud-packing station, and the filter cloth cleaning device is used to clean the sludge on the unpacked filter cloth; A sludge spreading device and a mud-packing device are arranged at the mud-packing station. The sludge spreading device is used to spread the sludge to be dehydrated onto the filter cloth, and the mud-packing device is used to pack the sludge into the container using the filter cloth.

[0007] As a further improvement of the direct-pressure sludge dehydrator: The pre-pressing station and the main-pressing station are located on the left side of the mud-packing station and the unpacking station; The conveying system includes a second transverse track arranged in the left-right direction at the unpacking station, the mud-packing station, the pre-pressing station and the main-pressing station, and also includes two sets of longitudinal tracks arranged on the left side of the pre-pressing station and the main-pressing station, and between the pre-pressing station and the main-pressing station and the mud-packing station and the unpacking station. Two longitudinal transfer vehicles that move back and forth along the two sets of longitudinal tracks are also included; A first transverse track that is at the same height as and matches the second transverse track is arranged on the longitudinal transfer vehicle; The container is four horizontal transfer vehicles equipped with cage frames, and the horizontal transfer vehicles cooperate with the first transverse track and the second transverse track.

[0008] As a further improvement of the direct-pressure sludge dehydrator: A window is opened in the middle of the horizontal transfer vehicle, and a lifting support plate for carrying mud packages is arranged above the window. The lifting support plate is slidably matched with the cage frame, and the area of the lifting support plate is larger than the area of the window; First lifting mechanisms are respectively installed at the bottoms of the unpacking station and the mud-packing station, and the lifting push plates at the tops of the first lifting mechanisms are used to drive the lifting support plate to move up and down through the window.

[0009] As a further improvement of the direct-pressure sludge dehydrator: The unpacking device includes a first frame fixedly arranged relative to the base body directly above the unpacking station. A rectangular first opening for the mud package to pass through is arranged on the first frame; A set of cloth-lifting mechanisms are respectively arranged on the rear side of the first opening, i.e., the side far from the mud-packing station, and the left and right sides of the first opening; The cloth lifting mechanism includes a first moving frame and a first rotating plate; the first moving frame is horizontally slidably connected to the first frame and moves away from and closer to the first opening under the drive of a first moving drive device; the outer end of the first rotating plate, i.e., the end far from the first opening, is rotatably connected to the first moving frame, and a magnetic attraction device for adsorbing iron blocks at the edge of the filter cloth is installed at the inner end of the first rotating plate; a lifting mechanism for pushing the first rotating plate to rotate is further provided on the first moving frame.

[0010] As a further improvement of the straight pressure type sludge dewatering machine: a frame spanning the unpacking station and the mud packing station is installed on the base; The filter cloth cleaning device is arranged in the middle of the frame and includes a third lifting mechanism, a roller, a sludge scraping plate and a collection tank; The roller, the sludge scraping plate and the collection tank are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the roller moves up and down relative to the frame under the drive of the third lifting mechanism, and the sludge scraping plate and the collection tank are fixedly arranged relative to the frame; A transfer track is further provided on the frame, and the filter cloth transfer vehicle reciprocates along the transfer track between the unpacking station and the mud packing station and passes through the gap between the roller and the sludge scraping plate when walking; a gripper for grasping the filter cloth is provided on the filter cloth transfer vehicle.

[0011] As a further improvement of the straight pressure type sludge dewatering machine: a frame is installed on the base, and the mud spreading device is installed on the frame through a second lifting mechanism and is located directly above the mud packing station; The mud spreading device is provided with a mud groove whose shape matches the shape of the mud package, and two sliding and split gate plates are arranged at the bottom of the mud groove.

[0012] As a further improvement of the straight pressure type sludge dewatering machine: the mud packing device includes a second frame which is located directly above the mud packing station and is fixedly arranged relative to the base, and a rectangular second opening for the mud package to pass through is provided on the second frame; a set of cloth covering mechanisms are respectively arranged around the second opening; The cloth covering mechanism includes a second moving frame and a second rotating plate; the second moving frame is horizontally slidably connected to the second frame and moves away from and closer to the second opening under the drive of a second moving drive device; the root of the second rotating plate is rotatably connected to the second moving frame; The cloth covering mechanism further includes a rotary drive device, a swing arm and a connecting rod; the rotary drive device is installed on the second frame and is used for driving the swing arm to swing, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the swing arm, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second rotating plate.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a dewatering method based on the above straight pressure type sludge dewatering machine: the dewatering machine alternately executes the actions in the transfer stage and the actions in the working stage in a cycle; In the transfer stage, a conveying system is used to move four cage frames at the unpacking station, the mud wrapping station, the pre-pressing station, and the main pressing station along a closed-loop path to the next station respectively. In the working stage, the pre-pressing device and the main pressing device perform pressure filtration and dehydration on the mud packages in the cage frames at their respective stations; the unpacking device unpacks the mud packages in the cage frames at its station one by one; the filter cloth transfer vehicle reciprocates between the unpacking station and the mud wrapping station, moves the removed filter cloths to the mud wrapping device in sequence, and cleans the filter cloths with a filter cloth cleaning device during the movement; the sludge spreading device spreads the sludge on the transferred filter cloths; the mud wrapping device packs the filter cloths and the spread sludge into mud packages and puts them into the cage frames at this station.

[0014] As a further improvement of the dehydration method, the operation process in the transfer stage is as follows: Step A1: Two longitudinal transfer vehicles move to the left and right sides of the pre-pressing station respectively. Step A2: The transverse transfer vehicle at the pre-pressing station moves left to the left longitudinal transfer vehicle, and then the transverse transfer vehicle at the mud wrapping station moves left past the longitudinal transfer vehicle between the pre-pressing station and the mud wrapping station to reach the pre-pressing station. Step A3: Two longitudinal transfer vehicles move to the left and right sides of the main pressing station respectively. Step A4: The transverse transfer vehicle at the unpacking station moves left to reach the longitudinal transfer vehicle between the main pressing station and the unpacking station. Step A5: The longitudinal transfer vehicle between the main pressing station and the unpacking station moves to between the pre-pressing station and the mud wrapping station. Step A6: The transverse transfer vehicle on the longitudinal transfer vehicle between the pre-pressing station and the mud wrapping station moves right to the mud wrapping station. Step A7: The longitudinal transfer vehicle between the pre-pressing station and the mud wrapping station moves to between the main pressing station and the unpacking station. Step A8: The transverse transfer vehicle at the main pressing station moves to the unpacking station through the longitudinal transfer vehicle between the main pressing station and the unpacking station, and then the transverse transfer vehicle on the left longitudinal transfer vehicle at the main pressing station moves right to the main pressing station.

[0015] As a further improvement of the dehydration method, the operation process in the working stage is as follows: Step B1, Step B2, and Step B3 are executed synchronously. Step B1: The pre-pressing device and the main pressing device perform pressure filtration and dehydration on the mud packages at their respective stations. Step B2: The first lifting mechanism at the unpacking station intermittently operates with the thickness of the mud package as the stepping height, and pushes the mud packages in the cage frame at the unpacking station one by one above the first opening of the unpacking device. Whenever a new mud package appears above the first opening of the unpacking device, the three cloth-lifting mechanisms of the unpacking device operate in sequence according to the covering order around the filter cloth for unpacking. After unpacking, only the edge of the filter cloth close to the mud-packing station side lies on the sludge; Then the filter cloth transfer vehicle grasps the edge of the opened filter cloth on the side away from the mud-packing station and moves towards the mud-packing station side. When the filter cloth transfer vehicle passes by the filter cloth cleaning device, the rollers of the filter cloth cleaning device drop, clamping the filter cloth between the rollers and the sludge scraping plate, and scraping the sludge on the filter cloth. After the previous filter cloth is pulled away, the first lifting mechanism at the unpacking station jacks up the next mud package; Step B3: The first lifting mechanism at the mud-packing station intermittently operates with the thickness of the mud package as the stepping height, so that the mud packages packed by the mud-packing device fall into and stack on the cage at the mud-packing station one by one; Before the filter cloth transfer vehicle reaches the mud-packing station, the mud-packing device completes the packing of the previous mud package. Then the first lifting mechanism at the mud-packing station drives the lifting support plate to drop, so that the previously packed mud package sinks into the cage below the second opening of the mud-packing device until the top of the mud package is flush with the second rotating plates around the mud-packing device. At this time, the filter cloth transfer vehicle spreads the cleaned filter cloth on the plane formed by the previous mud package and the four second rotating plates. Then control the rollers to rise, control the filter cloth transfer vehicle to return to the unpacking station to grab the next filter cloth. At the same time, adjust the height of the mud-distributing device at the mud-packing station so that the distance between the gate plate at its bottom and the filter cloth is equal to the set thickness of the mud package. Then open the gate plate to make the sludge in the mud-distributing device fall onto the filter cloth, then close the gate plate, and then raise the mud-distributing device. Then the four groups of cloth-covering mechanisms of the mud-packing device operate in sequence to complete the packing; the cloth-covering mechanism far from the unpacking station operates first. Then the first lifting mechanism at the mud-packing station operates to make the packed mud package fall into the cage and wait for the arrival of the next filter cloth; During the working stage, the two groups of first lifting mechanisms, the unpacking device, the filter cloth transfer vehicle, the filter cloth cleaning device, and the mud-packing device cooperate in the above manner until all the mud packages in the unpacking station complete mud unloading, and all the filter cloths are transported to the mud-packing station and packed onto new mud packages.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects: 1. The present invention adopts the scheme of using multiple filter cloths to wrap the sludge into blocks and press them in layers. The wrapping is more complete, and there will be no leakage from the side during pressing, thus improving the dehydration and filtration effects. And since the area of each filter cloth is relatively small, no complex flattening operation is required, so the recovery speed of the filter cloth is increased, and the main pressing device and the pre-pressing device do not need to wait.

[0017] 2. The present invention uses two sets of first lifting mechanisms to cooperate with the mud wrapping device and the unpacking device to act in coordination, and then combines with the filter cloth transfer vehicle, the filter cloth cleaning device, and the mud spreading device to achieve sequential continuous operations of unpacking and unloading mud from multiple mud packages, cleaning and transferring the filter cloth, and spreading and packing the mud, thereby improving the working efficiency.

[0018] 3. The present invention adopts a circular conveying structure, and multiple cage frames circulate and transfer between four workstations to sequentially complete the operations of packing, pre-pressing, main pressing, and unpacking. Moreover, there is no idle waiting workstation during operation, which further improves the production efficiency. The circular conveying structure also has the advantages of small floor area and no need for a crane to cooperate, and the investment cost is lower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dehydrator of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the lower layer of the matrix, the conveying system, and the first lifting mechanism part; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 4 is a layout diagram of the workstations of the dehydrator; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the transverse transfer vehicle and the cage frame part; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transverse transfer vehicle; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the transverse transfer vehicle after removing the lifting support plate; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first lifting mechanism; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structures of the unpacking device, the filter cloth transfer vehicle, the filter cloth cleaning device, the mud spreading device, and the mud wrapping device; Figure 10 is Figure 9 a partial enlarged view of part B in Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structures of the frame, the second lifting mechanism, the filter cloth cleaning device, the transfer track, etc.; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unpacking device; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first rotating plate and related mechanisms on one side of the unpacking device; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter cloth transfer vehicle; Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the relative position relationship between the roller, the mud spreading plate, the collection tank, the opened mud package, and the gripper when the gripper of the filter cloth transfer vehicle starts to pull the filter cloth; Figure 16Is a three-dimensional sectional view of the mud spreading device; Figure 17 Is a schematic structural diagram of the mud wrapping device; Figure 18 Is a schematic structural relationship diagram of the second rotating plate and related mechanisms on one side of the mud wrapping device.

[0020] The reference numerals include: 1, matrix; 2, pre-pressing device; 3, main pressing device; 4, unpacking device; 5, filter cloth transfer vehicle; 6, filter cloth cleaning device; 7, mud spreading device; 8, mud wrapping device; 9, first lifting mechanism; 10, longitudinal transfer vehicle; 11, transverse transfer vehicle; 12, longitudinal track; 13, first transverse track; 14, second transverse track; 15, first transfer station; 16, main pressing station; 17, third transfer station; 18, unpacking station; 19, mud wrapping station; 20, fourth transfer station; 21, pre-pressing station; 22, second transfer station; 23, lifting support plate; 24, support spring; 25, screw jack; 26, lifting push plate; 27, second lifting mechanism; 28, mud trough; 29, gate; 30, guide post; 31, frame; 32, third lifting mechanism; 33, roller; 34, mud spreading plate; 35, collection tank; 36, transfer track; 37, first rotating plate; 38, magnetic attraction device; 39, first moving frame; 40, first frame; 41, first moving drive device; 42, jacking mechanism; 43, gripper; 44, second rotating plate; 45, second frame; 46, second moving frame; 47, second moving drive device; 48, rotary drive device; 49, swing arm; 50, connecting rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0022] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 , a direct pressure type sludge dewatering machine includes a matrix 1, and a pre-pressing station 21, a main pressing station 16, an unpacking station 18 and a mud wrapping station 19 are arranged on the matrix 1. The unpacking station 18, the mud wrapping station 19, the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16 are distributed at the four vertices of a rectangle, and form a closed-loop path in the clockwise (or counterclockwise) direction.

[0023] Pre-pressing devices 2 and main pressing devices 3 are respectively arranged at the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16, and they press the mud bags downward through oil cylinders to squeeze out the water in the mud bags, so as to realize pressure filtration and dewatering.

[0024] The dewatering machine further includes a container for stacking mud bags and a conveying system for circulating and transporting the container along the above-mentioned closed-loop path.

[0025] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16 are located on the left side of the mud-packing station 19 and the unpacking station 18.

[0026] The conveying system includes a second transverse track 14 arranged in the left-right direction on the unpacking station 18, the mud-packing station 19, the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16. It also includes two groups of longitudinal tracks 12 arranged on the left side of the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16, and between the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16 and the mud-packing station 19 and the unpacking station 18. It further includes two longitudinal transfer vehicles 10 that move back and forth along the two groups of longitudinal tracks 12 respectively.

[0027] A first transverse track 13 with the same height and matching the second transverse track 14 is arranged on the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10, and when they are aligned, they can be spliced into a continuous track.

[0028] As Figure 5 shown, the containers are four horizontal transfer vehicles 11 equipped with cage frames. The wheels at the bottom of the horizontal transfer vehicle 11 cooperate with the first transverse track 13 and the second transverse track 14.

[0029] The longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 and the horizontal transfer vehicle 11 are equipped with their own driving devices (motors) and travel along the corresponding tracks in the form of walking wheels.

[0030] Further, as Figures 5 to 7 shown, a window is opened in the middle of the horizontal transfer vehicle 11, and a lifting support plate 23 for carrying mud packs is arranged above the window. The lifting support plate 23 is slidably matched with the cage frame, and the area of the lifting support plate 23 is larger than the area of the window.

[0031] Further, a plurality of support springs 24 are installed around the window of the horizontal transfer vehicle 11 through mounting holes. The top of the support spring 24 is used to contact the bottom of the lifting support plate 23 to play a buffering role. However, during pressure filtration and dehydration, the bottom of the lifting support plate 23 will directly contact the horizontal transfer vehicle 11 and be carried by the horizontal transfer vehicle 11.

[0032] Correspondingly, first lifting mechanisms 9 are respectively installed at the bottoms of the unpacking station 18 and the mud-packing station 19. The lifting push plates 26 at the tops of the first lifting mechanisms 9 are used to pass through the window to drive the lifting support plate 23 and the mud packs stacked above it to move up and down.

[0033] Specifically, as Figure 8, the first lifting mechanism 9 includes two screw elevators 25 arranged in parallel. The upper ends of the screws driven by the two screw elevators 25 are both connected to the bottom of the lifting push plate 26. The drive shafts of the two screw elevators 25 are connected by an intermediate connecting shaft to achieve synchronous rotation, and one of the drive shafts is connected to a drive motor. The lower part of the screw elevator 25 is a deep hole structure for reserving sufficient movement space for the screw.

[0034] Further, as Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 , a unpacking device 4 is provided at the unpacking station 18. The unpacking device 4 is used to open the mud package in the container. A filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 and a filter cloth cleaning device 6 are further provided on the base body 1 between the unpacking station 18 and the mud wrapping station 19. The filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 is used to transport the unpacked filter cloth to the mud wrapping station 19, and the filter cloth cleaning device 6 is used to clean the sludge on the unpacked filter cloth. A mud spreading device 7 and a mud wrapping device 8 are provided at the mud wrapping station 19. The mud spreading device 7 is used to spread the sludge to be dehydrated onto the filter cloth, and the mud wrapping device 8 is used to pack the sludge into the container using the filter cloth.

[0035] Specifically, as Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 , the unpacking device 4 includes a first frame 40 fixedly arranged relative to the base body 1 directly above the unpacking station 18. A rectangular first opening for the mud package to pass through is provided on the first frame 40. A set of cloth lifting mechanisms are respectively arranged on the rear side of the first opening, i.e., the side far from the mud wrapping station 19, and the left and right sides of the first opening.

[0036] As Figure 12 and Figure 13 , the cloth lifting mechanism includes a first moving frame 39 and a first rotating plate 37. The first moving frame 39 is horizontally slidably connected to the first frame 40 and moves away from and close to the first opening under the drive of a first moving driving device 41. The outer end of the first rotating plate 37, i.e., the end far from the first opening, is rotatably connected to the first moving frame 39, and a magnetic attraction device 38 for adsorbing iron blocks at the edge of the filter cloth is installed at the inner end of the first rotating plate 37. A jacking mechanism 42 for pushing the first rotating plate 37 to rotate is further arranged on the first moving frame 39.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first moving driving device 41 is a cylinder.

[0038] In this embodiment, the jacking mechanism 42 is a cylinder, the lower end of which is rotatably connected to the first moving frame 39 and the upper end of which is rotatably connected to the first rotating plate 37.

[0039] AsFigure 11 On the substrate 1, a frame 31 is installed which straddles the unpacking station 18 and the mud-packing station 19.

[0040] In the middle of the frame 31, a filter cloth cleaning device 6 is provided, which includes a third lifting mechanism 32, a roller 33, a mud scraping plate 34 and a collection tank 35.

[0041] The roller 33, the mud scraping plate 34 and the collection tank 35 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The roller 33 moves up and down relative to the frame 31 driven by the third lifting mechanism 32, and the mud scraping plate 34 and the collection tank 35 are fixedly arranged relative to the frame 31.

[0042] On the frame 31, a transfer track 36 is also provided. The filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 reciprocates along the transfer track 36 between the unpacking station 18 and the mud-packing station 19 and passes through the gap between the roller 33 and the mud scraping plate 34 when walking. As Figure 14 shown, on the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5, a gripper 43 for grasping the filter cloth is provided.

[0043] As Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 16 shown, the mud spreading device 7 is installed on the frame 31 by a second lifting mechanism 27 and is located directly above the mud-packing station 19. A guide post 30 is also connected to the mud spreading device 7, and the guide post 30 cooperates with a guide sleeve on the frame 31.

[0044] The mud spreading device 7 is provided with a mud trough 28 whose shape matches the shape of the mud pack. Above the mud trough 28, a pipeline for transporting sludge is provided. At the bottom of the mud trough 28, two sliding and split gate plates 29 are provided. Specifically, on both sides of the mud trough 28 of the mud spreading device 7, a set of motor and transmission chain mechanism is provided respectively. The motor drives the transmission chain mechanism to operate, and the chain of the transmission chain mechanism is connected to the corresponding gate plate 29 to control the horizontal movement of the gate plate 29 along the slideway at the bottom of the body of the mud spreading device 7.

[0045] As Figure 9 、 Figure 17 and Figure 18 shown, the mud-packing device 8 includes a second frame 45 which is located directly above the mud-packing station 19 and is fixedly arranged relative to the substrate 1. On the second frame 45, a rectangular second opening for the mud pack to pass through is provided. A set of cloth covering mechanisms are respectively arranged around the second opening.

[0046] The cloth covering mechanism includes a second moving frame 46 and a second rotating plate 44. The second moving frame 46 is horizontally slidably connected to the second frame 45 and moves away from and close to the second opening under the drive of a second moving driving device 47. The root of the second rotating plate 44 is rotatably connected to the second moving frame 46.

[0047] The cover cloth mechanism further includes a rotary drive device 48, a swing arm 49, and a connecting rod 50. The rotary drive device 48 (which can be a rotating cylinder or a motor) is installed on the second frame 45 and is used to drive the swing arm 49 to swing. One end of the connecting rod 50 is rotatably connected to the swing arm 49, and the other end is rotatably connected to the second rotating plate 44.

[0048] In this embodiment, the second moving drive device 47 is two groups of cylinders.

[0049] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 50 includes two threaded rods with opposite thread directions and a threaded sleeve. The two ends of the threaded sleeve are respectively in threaded cooperation with the two threaded rods. Rotating the threaded sleeve can adjust the length of the entire connecting rod 50, thereby changing the angular stroke of the second rotating plate 44.

[0050] When the above dehydrator is working, it alternately executes the actions in the transfer stage and the working stage in a cycle: In the transfer stage, the four cage frames on the unpacking station 18, the mud wrapping station 19, the pre-pressing station 21, and the main pressing station 16 are respectively moved along a closed-loop path to the next station by the conveying system.

[0051] Before the actions in the transfer stage, all the first lifting mechanisms 9 must descend to the lowest position to avoid interference.

[0052] Specifically, as Figure 4 , the actions in the transfer stage are as follows: Step A1: The two longitudinal transfer vehicles 10 respectively move to the left and right sides of the pre-pressing station 21, that is, the second transfer station 22 and the fourth transfer station 20.

[0053] Step A2: The transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the pre-pressing station 21 moves left to the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 on the left side (the second transfer station 22), and then the transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the mud wrapping station 19 moves left through the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 between the pre-pressing station 21 and the mud wrapping station 19 (the fourth transfer station 20) to reach the pre-pressing station 21.

[0054] Step A3: The two longitudinal transfer vehicles 10 respectively move to the left and right sides of the main pressing station 16, that is, the first transfer station 15 and the third transfer station 17.

[0055] Step A4: The transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the unpacking station 18 moves left to reach the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 located between the main pressing station 16 and the unpacking station 18 (the third transfer station 17).

[0056] Step A5: The longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 located between the main pressing station 16 and the unpacking station 18 (the third transfer station 17) moves to the position between the pre-pressing station 21 and the mud wrapping station 19 (the fourth transfer station 20).

[0057] Step A6: The transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 between the pre-pressing station 21 and the mud-packing station 19 (the fourth transfer station 20) moves rightward onto the mud-packing station 19.

[0058] Step A7: The longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 between the pre-pressing station 21 and the mud-packing station 19 (the fourth transfer station 20) moves to between the main pressing station 16 and the unpacking station 18 (the third transfer station 17).

[0059] Step A8: The transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the main pressing station 16 moves through the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 between the main pressing station 16 and the unpacking station 18 (the third transfer station 17) onto the unpacking station 18, and then the transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 on the left side (the first transfer station 15) of the main pressing station 16 moves rightward onto the main pressing station 16.

[0060] Thus far, the containers (cage frames) on the four stations move clockwise to the next station each.

[0061] During the working stage, the pre-pressing device 2 and the main pressing device 3 perform pressure filtration and dehydration on the mud packs in the cage frames at their respective stations. The unpacking device 4 unpacks the mud packs in the cage frames at its station in sequence. The filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 reciprocates between the unpacking station 18 and the mud-packing station 19, moves the removed filter cloths to the mud-packing device 8 in sequence, and cleans the filter cloths by the filter cloth cleaning device 6 during the movement. The sludge spreading device 7 spreads the sludge on the transferred filter cloths. The mud-packing device 8 packs the filter cloths and the spread sludge into mud packs and puts them into the cage frames at this station.

[0062] The specific action process during the working stage is as follows: Step B1, Step B2, and Step B3 are executed synchronously.

[0063] Step B1: The pre-pressing device 2 and the main pressing device 3 perform pressure filtration and dehydration on the mud packs at their respective stations.

[0064] Step B2: The first lifting mechanism 9 at the unpacking station 18 intermittently acts with the thickness of the mud pack as the step height, and pushes the mud packs in the cage frame at the unpacking station 18 one by one above the first opening of the unpacking device 4.

[0065] Whenever a new mud bag appears above the first opening of the unpacking device 4, the three cloth-lifting mechanisms of the unpacking device 4 perform the following actions in sequence according to the order of covering the filter cloth around: the first moving frame 39 of the cloth-lifting mechanism on the corresponding side moves horizontally close to the mud bag, and uses the magnetic suction device 38 at the inner end of the first rotating plate 37 on the first moving frame 39 to absorb the iron block on the filter cloth, and then the first rotating plate 37 is lifted to pull up the edge of the filter cloth on this side, and then the first moving frame 39 moves outward to lift the edge of the filter cloth on this side until the iron block on the filter cloth is separated from the magnetic suction device 38, and then the first rotating plate 37 falls back to its position. After the three cloth-lifting mechanisms complete the unpacking, only the edge of the filter cloth close to the mud-packing station 19 is placed on the sludge.

[0066] Then the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 grabs the edge of the opened filter cloth away from the mud wrapping station 19 and moves toward the mud wrapping station 19. Figure 11 and Figure 15 When the filter cloth transport vehicle 5 passes through the filter cloth cleaning device 6, the roller 33 of the filter cloth cleaning device 6 falls down, clamps the filter cloth between the roller 33 and the mud plate 34, scrapes off the sludge on the filter cloth, and the sludge falls into the collecting tank 35 and is transported away by the auger. After the previous filter cloth is pulled away, the first lifting mechanism 9 of the unpacking station 18 lifts up the next mud bag.

[0067] Step B3, the first lifting mechanism 9 of the mud wrapping station 19 intermittently moves with the mud bag thickness as the step height, so that the mud bags packed by the mud wrapping device 8 fall into the cage frame of the mud wrapping station 19 one by one and are stacked.

[0068] Before the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 arrives at the mud packing station 19, the mud packing device 8 completes the packing of the previous mud bag, and then the first lifting mechanism 9 of the mud packing station 19 drives the lifting support plate 23 to fall, so that the previous packed mud bag sinks to the cage frame below the second opening of the mud packing device 8, until the top of the mud bag is flush with the second rotating plates 44 around the mud packing device 8. At this time, the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 spreads the cleaned filter cloth on the plane formed by the previous mud bag and the four second rotating plates 44. Then the roller 33 is controlled to rise, and the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 is controlled to return to the unpacking station 18 to grab the next filter cloth. At the same time, the height of the mud spreading device 7 at the mud packing station 19 is adjusted so that the distance between the gate 29 at the bottom and the filter cloth is equal to the set thickness of the mud bag, and then the gate 29 is opened to make the sludge in the mud spreading device 7 fall onto the filter cloth, and then the gate 29 is closed, and the mud spreading device 7 is raised again. Then, the four sets of cloth covering mechanisms of the mud wrapping device 8 respectively perform the following actions in sequence: the second moving frame 46 of the cloth covering mechanism on the corresponding side moves horizontally close to the mud, and at the same time, the second rotating plate 44 on the second moving frame 46 turns toward the direction where the mud is located, and the edge of the filter cloth is covered on the mud, and then the second moving frame 46 moves outward and the second rotating plate 44 returns to its original position. Among them, the cloth covering mechanism far away from the unpacking station 18 is activated first.

[0069] After all the cover cloth mechanisms have completed their operations, the packing of the mud package is finished. Then, the first lifting mechanism 9 at the mud packing station 19 operates to make the packed mud package fall into the cage frame, waiting for the arrival of the next filter cloth.

[0070] During the working stage, the two groups of first lifting mechanisms 9, unpacking devices 4, filter cloth transfer carts 5, filter cloth cleaning devices 6, and mud packing devices 8 cooperate in the above manner until all the mud packages at the unpacking station 18 have completed mud unloading, and all the filter cloths have been transferred to the mud packing station 19 and packed onto new mud packages.

[0071] It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims rather than the above description.

Claims

1. A direct pressure type sludge dewatering machine, comprising a base body (1), a pre-pressing station (21) and a main pressing station (16) are arranged on the base body (1), a pre-pressing device (2) and a main pressing device (3) are respectively arranged on the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16), and it is characterized in that: An unpacking station (18) and a mud-packing station (19) are also arranged on the base body (1); the unpacking station (18), the mud-packing station (19), the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16) are distributed at the four vertices of a rectangle and form a closed-loop path in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction; The dehydrator further includes a container for stacking mud packs and a conveying system for circularly transporting the container along the above-mentioned closed-loop path; An unpacking device (4) is arranged on the unpacking station (18), and the unpacking device (4) is used for opening the mud packs in the container; A filter cloth transfer cart (5) and a filter cloth cleaning device (6) are further arranged on the base body (1) between the unpacking station (18) and the mud-packing station (19). The filter cloth transfer cart (5) is used for transporting the unpacked filter cloth to the mud-packing station (19), and the filter cloth cleaning device (6) is used for cleaning the sludge on the unpacked filter cloth; A mud spreading device (7) and a mud-packing device (8) are arranged on the mud-packing station (19). The mud spreading device (7) is used for spreading the sludge to be dehydrated onto the filter cloth, and the mud-packing device (8) is used for packing the sludge into the container with the filter cloth.

2. The direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, wherein: The pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16) are located on the left side of the mud-packing station (19) and the unpacking station (18); The conveying system includes a second transverse track (14) arranged in the left-right direction on the unpacking station (18), the mud-packing station (19), the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16), and also includes two groups of longitudinal tracks (12) arranged on the left side of the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16), and between the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16) and the mud-packing station (19) and the unpacking station (18). Two longitudinal transfer carts (10) are respectively moved back and forth along the two groups of longitudinal tracks (12); a first transverse track (13) with the same height and matching with the second transverse track (14) is arranged on the longitudinal transfer cart (10); The container is four transverse transfer carts (11) equipped with cage frames, and the transverse transfer carts (11) cooperate with the first transverse track (13) and the second transverse track (14).

3. The direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A window is opened in the middle of the transverse transfer cart (11), and a lifting support plate (23) for carrying mud packs is arranged above the window. The lifting support plate (23) is slidably matched with the cage frame, and the area of the lifting support plate (23) is larger than the area of the window; First lifting mechanisms (9) are respectively installed at the bottoms of the unpacking station (18) and the mud-packing station (19). The lifting push plates (26) at the tops of the first lifting mechanisms (9) are used for driving the lifting support plate (23) to move up and down through the window.

4. The direct pressure type sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, wherein: The unpacking device (4) includes a first frame (40) fixedly arranged relative to the base body (1) directly above the unpacking station (18). A rectangular first opening for the mud pack to pass through is arranged on the first frame (40); a set of cloth-lifting mechanisms are respectively arranged on the rear side of the first opening, i.e., the side far from the mud-packing station (19), and the left and right sides of the first opening; The cloth lifting mechanism includes a first moving frame (39) and a first rotating plate (37); the first moving frame (39) is horizontally slidably connected to the first frame (40), and moves away from and close to the first opening under the drive of the first moving drive device (41); the outer end of the first rotating plate (37), i.e., the end far from the first opening, is rotatably connected to the first moving frame (39), and a magnetic attraction device (38) for adsorbing the iron block at the edge of the filter cloth is installed at the inner end of the first rotating plate (37); a lifting mechanism (42) for pushing the first rotating plate (37) to rotate is further arranged on the first moving frame (39).

5. The direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, wherein: A frame (31) spanning the unpacking station (18) and the mud packing station (19) is installed on the base body (1). The filter cloth cleaning device (6) is arranged in the middle of the frame (31), and it includes a third lifting mechanism (32), a roller (33), a mud scraping plate (34) and a collection tank (35). The roller (33), the mud scraping plate (34) and the collection tank (35) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the roller (33) moves up and down relative to the frame (31) under the drive of the third lifting mechanism (32), and the mud scraping plate (34) and the collection tank (35) are fixedly arranged relative to the frame (31). A transfer track (36) is further arranged on the frame (31), and the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) reciprocates along the transfer track (36) between the unpacking station (18) and the mud packing station (19) and passes through the gap between the roller (33) and the mud scraping plate (34) when walking; a gripper (43) for grasping the filter cloth is arranged on the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5).

6. The direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, wherein: A frame (31) is installed on the base body (1), and the mud spreading device (7) is installed on the frame (31) through a second lifting mechanism (27) and is located directly above the mud packing station (19). The mud spreading device (7) is provided with a mud trough (28) whose shape matches the shape of the mud bag, and two sliding and split gate plates (29) are arranged at the bottom of the mud trough (28).

7. The direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud packing device (8) includes a second frame (45) located directly above the mud packing station (19) and fixedly arranged relative to the base body (1), and a rectangular second opening for the mud bag to pass through is arranged on the second frame (45); a group of cloth covering mechanisms are respectively arranged around the second opening. The cloth covering mechanism includes a second moving frame (46) and a second rotating plate (44); the second moving frame (46) is horizontally slidably connected to the second frame (45), and moves away from and close to the second opening under the drive of the second moving drive device (47); the root of the second rotating plate (44) is rotatably connected to the second moving frame (46). The cloth covering mechanism further includes a rotary drive device (48), a swing arm (49) and a connecting rod (50); the rotary drive device (48) is installed on the second frame (45) and is used for driving the swing arm (49) to swing, and one end of the connecting rod (50) is rotatably connected to the swing arm (49) and the other end is rotatably connected to the second rotating plate (44).

8. A dehydration method for the direct pressure type sludge dehydrator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dehydrator alternately executes the actions in the transfer stage and the actions in the working stage in a cycle. In the transfer stage, a conveying system is used to move the four cage frames at the unpacking station (18), the mud-packing station (19), the pre-pressing station (21), and the main pressing station (16) along a closed-loop path to the next station respectively; In the working stage, the pre-pressing device (2) and the main pressing device (3) perform pressure filtration and dehydration on the mud packs in the cage frames at their respective stations; the unpacking device (4) unpacks the mud packs in the cage frames at its station in sequence; the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) reciprocates between the unpacking station (18) and the mud-packing station (19), moves the removed filter cloths to the mud-packing device (8) in sequence, and cleans the filter cloths with the filter cloth cleaning device (6) during the movement; the sludge spreading device (7) spreads the sludge on the transferred filter cloths; the mud-packing device (8) packs the filter cloths and the spread sludge into mud packs and puts them into the cage frames at this station.

9. The dehydration method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The action process in the transfer stage is as follows: Step A1: Two longitudinal transfer vehicles (10) move to the left and right sides of the pre-pressing station (21) respectively; Step A2: The transverse transfer vehicle (11) at the pre-pressing station (21) moves left to the left longitudinal transfer vehicle (10), and then the transverse transfer vehicle (11) at the mud-packing station (19) moves left through the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the pre-pressing station (21) and the mud-packing station (19) to reach the pre-pressing station (21); Step A3: Two longitudinal transfer vehicles (10) move to the left and right sides of the main pressing station (16) respectively; Step A4: The transverse transfer vehicle (11) at the unpacking station (18) moves left to reach the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the main pressing station (16) and the unpacking station (18); Step A5: The longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the main pressing station (16) and the unpacking station (18) moves to between the pre-pressing station (21) and the mud-packing station (19); Step A6: The transverse transfer vehicle (11) on the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the pre-pressing station (21) and the mud-packing station (19) moves right to the mud-packing station (19); Step A7: The longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the pre-pressing station (21) and the mud-packing station (19) moves to between the main pressing station (16) and the unpacking station (18); Step A8: The transverse transfer vehicle (11) at the main pressing station (16) moves through the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the main pressing station (16) and the unpacking station (18) to the unpacking station (18), and then the transverse transfer vehicle (11) on the left longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) at the main pressing station (16) moves right to the main pressing station (16).

10. The dehydration method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The action process in the working stage is as follows: Steps B1, B2, and B3 are executed synchronously; Step B1: The pre-pressing device (2) and the main pressing device (3) perform pressure filtration and dehydration on the mud packs at their respective stations; Step B2: The first lifting mechanism (9) at the unpacking station (18) intermittently operates with the thickness of the mud pack as the step height, and pushes the mud packs in the cage frame at the unpacking station (18) into the upper part of the first opening of the unpacking device (4) one by one; Whenever a new mud package appears above the first opening of the unpacking device (4), the three cloth-lifting mechanisms of the unpacking device (4) act in sequence according to the covering order around the filter cloth for unpacking. After unpacking, only the edge of the filter cloth on the side close to the mud-packing station (19) lies on the sludge. Then the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) grabs the edge of the opened filter cloth on the side away from the mud-packing station (19) and moves towards the mud-packing station (19). When the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) passes by the filter cloth cleaning device (6), the roller (33) of the filter cloth cleaning device (6) drops, clamping the filter cloth between the roller (33) and the sludge scraping plate (34) to scrape the sludge off the filter cloth. After the previous filter cloth is pulled away, the first lifting mechanism (9) at the unpacking station (18) jacks up the next mud package. Step B3: The first lifting mechanism (9) at the mud-packing station (19) acts intermittently with the thickness of the mud package as the stepping height, causing the mud packages packed by the mud-packing device (8) to fall into and stack on the cage at the mud-packing station (19) one by one. Before the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) reaches the mud-packing station (19), the mud-packing device (8) finishes packing the previous mud package. Then the first lifting mechanism (9) at the mud-packing station (19) drives the lifting support plate (23) to drop, causing the previously packed mud package to sink into the cage below the second opening of the mud-packing device (8) until the top of the mud package is flush with the second rotating plates (44) around the mud-packing device (8). At this time, the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) spreads the cleaned filter cloth onto the plane formed by the previous mud package and the four second rotating plates (44). Then control the roller (33) to rise, control the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) to return to the unpacking station (18) to grab the next filter cloth. Meanwhile, at the mud-packing station (19), adjust the height of the mud spreading device (7) so that the distance between the gate plate (29) at its bottom and the filter cloth is equal to the set thickness of the mud package. Then open the gate plate (29) to let the sludge in the mud spreading device (7) fall onto the filter cloth, and then close the gate plate (29) and raise the mud spreading device (7). Then the four groups of cloth-covering mechanisms of the mud-packing device (8) act in sequence to complete the packing; the cloth-covering mechanism farthest from the unpacking station (18) acts first. Then the first lifting mechanism (9) at the mud-packing station (19) acts to make the packed mud package fall into the cage and wait for the arrival of the next filter cloth. During the working stage, the two groups of first lifting mechanisms (9), the unpacking device (4), the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5), the filter cloth cleaning device (6), and the mud-packing device (8) act in coordination in the above manner until all the mud packages in the unpacking station (18) are unloaded and all the filter cloths are transported to the mud-packing station (19) and packed onto new mud packages.

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