A neutral polysaccharide XYS-W in panax quinquefolium, and a preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application provides a Panax quinquefolium neutral polysaccharide XYS-W and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of polysaccharide extraction. The weight average molecular weight of the Panax quinquefolium neutral polysaccharide XYS-W is 28.66 kDa. A new neutral polysaccharide XYS-W is separated from Panax quinquefolium, the weight average molecular weight of the Panax quinquefolium neutral polysaccharide XYS-W is 28.66 kDa, and the Panax quinquefolium neutral polysaccharide XYS-W is a fructan with (1,6)-Fruf-(2) as the main connecting mode. The Panax quinquefolium neutral polysaccharide XYS-W has good anti-pneumonia activity, low toxic and side effects, and has a good application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polysaccharide extraction, and in particular to a neutral polysaccharide XYS-W from American ginseng, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] American ginseng Panax quinquefolium L. is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Panax, in the Araliaceae family, with its roots used as medicine. American ginseng has a bitter taste and cooling properties, entering the heart, lung, and kidney meridians. Its primary tonic function is nourishing yin, reducing internal heat, and replenishing qi and promoting fluid production. It is commonly used clinically to treat various conditions such as lung deficiency, chronic cough, thirst, dry throat, lack of fluid, and fatigue caused by internal heat. American ginseng primarily contains saponins and polysaccharides, which have the potential to strengthen the myocardium and central nervous system, regulate blood pressure, and regulate endocrine function. It can enhance central nervous system function, protect the cardiovascular system, boost immunity, and promote blood vitality.

[0003] In order to fully explore the polysaccharide medicinal substances of American ginseng, the inventors of the present invention studied the polysaccharide components of American ginseng and isolated a new neutral polysaccharide, and the obtained polysaccharide component has strong anti-pneumonia activity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a neutral polysaccharide from American ginseng and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a neutral polysaccharide of American ginseng XYS-W, the structural formula of the neutral polysaccharide of American ginseng XYS-W is:

[0007] ;

[0008] The weight average molecular weight of the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W is 28.66 kDa.

[0009] The present invention provides a method for preparing the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Mixing American ginseng medicinal materials with water and performing ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction to obtain American ginseng water extract;

[0011] (2) mixing the American ginseng water extract obtained in step (1) with an ethanol solution and reacting the mixture, collecting the solid portion to obtain crude American ginseng polysaccharide;

[0012] (3) extracting the crude American ginseng polysaccharide obtained in step (2) with petroleum ether and Sevage reagent in sequence to obtain an American ginseng polysaccharide extract;

[0013] (4) The American ginseng polysaccharide extract obtained in step (3) was subjected to ion exchange column chromatography, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W;

[0014] In step (1), the American ginseng medicinal material is crushed into 20 meshes, and the mass volume ratio of the American ginseng medicinal material to water is 1 g:40 mL; the holding pressure during the ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction is 500 MPa, and the holding time is 6 min;

[0015] In step (2), the ethanol concentration in the mixed solution obtained by mixing the American ginseng water extract and the ethanol solution is 60%, and the reaction time is 24 hours;

[0016] In step (3), the petroleum ether and Sevage reagent are both extracted 5 times; the volume ratio of chloroform to n-butanol in the Sevage reagent is 4:1;

[0017] The ion exchange column in step (4) is an anion exchange column, and the anion exchange column is a DEAE-52 ion exchange column; the eluent used in the chromatography is ultrapure water; the reduced pressure concentration is to 1 / 40 of the original volume, and the drying is freeze drying, and the freeze drying temperature is -25°C, the vacuum degree is 30 Pa, and the time is 10 h.

[0018] The present invention provides an application of the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W in the preparation of anti-inflammatory drugs.

[0019] Preferably, the anti-inflammatory drug is an anti-pneumonia drug.

[0020] The present invention provides an anti-inflammatory drug, which contains the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention isolates a new neutral polysaccharide XYS-W from American ginseng. The American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W has a weight-average molecular weight of 28.66 kDa and is a fructan with →1,6)-Fruf-(2→) as the main linking mode. The American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W has good anti-pneumonia activity and low toxic and side effects, and has good application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 The response surface diagram and contour diagram of the effects of holding time and pressure on polysaccharide extraction rate in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 2 The response surface diagram and contour diagram of the effects of holding time and material-liquid ratio on polysaccharide extraction rate in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 3 Response surface diagram and contour diagram of the effects of holding pressure and material-liquid ratio on polysaccharide extraction rate in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 4 is the elution curve of the polysaccharide in Example 2;

[0028] Figure 5 The results of the gel exclusion chromatography analysis of XYS-W in Example 2 are as follows;

[0029] Figure 6 For the neutral polysaccharide XYS-W of American ginseng 1 H NMR spectrum;

[0030] Figure 7 For the neutral polysaccharide XYS-W of American ginseng 13 C NMR spectrum;

[0031] Figure 8 For the neutral polysaccharide XYS-W of American ginseng 1 H- 1 H COSY spectrum;

[0032] Figure 9 This is the HMQC spectrum of the neutral polysaccharide XYS-W from American ginseng;

[0033] Figure 10 This is the HMBC spectrum of the neutral polysaccharide XYS-W from American ginseng;

[0034] Figure 11 This is the infrared spectrum of the neutral polysaccharide XYS-W from American ginseng;

[0035] Figure 12 is the structural formula of American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W;

[0036] Figure 13These are the results of determination of the concentrations of key proinflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 in lung tissue homogenates and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice in different groups in Example 4; wherein, A is the concentration of TNF-α in lung tissue homogenate, B is the concentration of IL-6 in lung tissue homogenate, C is the concentration of TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and D is the concentration of IL-6 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); a indicates P < 0.05 compared with the MOD group; b indicates P < 0.05 compared with the NS group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1 Study on the influence of extraction process on the efficiency of American ginseng polysaccharide

[0039] One kilogram of American ginseng (purchased from Weihai Jinyiyang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) was crushed to a 20-mesh size and then extracted using ultrahigh-pressure-assisted extraction (UHP-assisted extraction) with water as the solvent. The UHP extraction parameters were optimized using Box-Behnken (response surface methodology) and analyzed using Design-Expert 12 software. A three-factor, three-level response surface design was established, with polysaccharide yield as the response value and dwell time (A), dwell pressure (B), and material-liquid ratio (C) as the independent variables. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Box-Behnken test results

[0041]

[0042] The experimental data were fitted with a quadratic polynomial regression using Design Expert 12 software. The regression model was:

[0043]

[0044] P-value tests revealed that holding time (A), holding pressure (B), and material-to-liquid ratio (C) significantly affected the extraction yield of American ginseng polysaccharides (P < 0.05). The quadratic terms A², B², and C² showed extremely significant effects (P < 0.0001), while the other interaction terms were insignificant. A nonlinear relationship was observed between each factor and polysaccharide yield, further validating the applicability of the response surface methodology. The F values ​​for each factor were F(A) = 73.50, F(B) = 352.67, and F(C) = 48.17, respectively. The order of magnitude was F(B) > F(C) > F(A), indicating that the order of influence of the factors on the extraction yield of American ginseng polysaccharides was: holding pressure > material-to-liquid ratio > holding time. High pressure effectively disrupts the cell wall structure and promotes polysaccharide dissolution. An appropriate material-to-liquid ratio optimizes solvent utilization, thereby increasing polysaccharide yield. Appropriate holding time remains a key factor in ensuring sufficient polysaccharide dissolution. The Box-Behnken response surface methodology was used for variance analysis to determine the significant effects of holding pressure, material-liquid ratio and holding time on the extraction rate of American ginseng polysaccharides, and the significance and goodness of fit of the model were verified.

[0045] Table 2 ANOVA analysis

[0046]

[0047] Note: R 2 =0.9952, R 2 adj=0.9864; ** indicates extremely significant (P<0.0001), * indicates significant (P<0.05)

[0048] Figure 1 The response surface plot and contour plots show the effects of holding time and pressure on polysaccharide extraction yield. These plots demonstrate the influence of holding time (A) and holding pressure (B) on the yield of American ginseng polysaccharides. As can be seen, with increasing holding time, the polysaccharide yield initially increases significantly, then levels off. However, with increasing holding pressure, the polysaccharide yield significantly increases. The elliptical contour plots indicate a certain interaction between holding time and holding pressure. Response surface analysis revealed that the polysaccharide yield reaches its maximum within the holding time range of 4.74 min to 7.43 min and the holding pressure range of 498.4 MPa to 543.53 MPa. This result indicates that the holding time and holding pressure have a synergistic effect on the yield of American ginseng polysaccharides, and that the maximum yield can be achieved within the above range.

[0049] Figure 2The response surface plot and contour plots show the effects of holding time and material-liquid ratio on polysaccharide extraction yield. These plots demonstrate the influence of holding time (A) and material-liquid ratio (C) on the yield of American ginseng polysaccharides. As can be seen, with increasing holding time, the polysaccharide yield initially increases significantly and then levels off; however, with increasing material-liquid ratio, the polysaccharide yield initially increases and then decreases. The elliptical contour plot indicates a certain interaction between holding time and material-liquid ratio. Response surface analysis revealed that the polysaccharide yield reaches its maximum within the holding time range of 4.74 min to 7.43 min and the material-liquid ratio range of 1:36.63 to 1:40.62. This result indicates that the effects of holding time and material-liquid ratio on the yield of American ginseng polysaccharides are synergistic, and that the maximum yield can be achieved within this range.

[0050] Figure 3 The response surface plot and contour plots show the effects of holding pressure and material-liquid ratio on polysaccharide extraction yield. These plots demonstrate the influence of holding pressure (B) and material-liquid ratio (C) on the polysaccharide yield of American ginseng. As can be seen, with increasing holding pressure, the polysaccharide yield initially increases significantly and then levels off. Conversely, with increasing material-liquid ratio, the polysaccharide yield initially increases and then decreases. The contour plots exhibit a nearly circular ellipse, indicating a certain interaction between holding pressure and material-liquid ratio, but the interaction is not significant. Response surface analysis revealed that the polysaccharide yield reaches its maximum within the holding pressure range of 498.4 MPa to 543.53 MPa and the material-liquid ratio range of 1:36.63 to 1:40.62. This result suggests that the holding pressure and material-liquid ratio have a synergistic effect on the polysaccharide yield of American ginseng, and that the maximum polysaccharide yield can be achieved within this range.

[0051] From the above, it can be seen that the extraction effect is best when the holding pressure during ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction is 500 MPa, the material-liquid ratio is 1:40, and the holding time is 6 min.

[0052] This example, optimized through response surface methodology, further reveals the influence of extraction process on the efficiency of American ginseng polysaccharide extraction. The study confirmed that ultrahigh pressure-assisted extraction not only significantly increased polysaccharide yield but also significantly shortened extraction time, effectively reducing energy consumption. Ultrahigh pressure-assisted extraction is performed at room temperature, which avoids high-temperature damage to the polysaccharide structure and effectively preserves the polysaccharide's biological activity.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A method for preparing American ginseng neutral polysaccharide, comprising the following steps:

[0055] (1) Take 1 kg of American ginseng (purchased from Weihai Jinyiyang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), crush it into 20 mesh, and then use ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction method for extraction. Ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction uses water as solvent. The holding pressure during extraction is 500 MPa, the material-liquid ratio is 1:40, and the holding time is 6 min. The obtained extract is filtered and concentrated to obtain the water extract of American ginseng.

[0056] (2) The water extract obtained in step (1) was mixed with an ethanol-water solution, and the ethanol content in the mixture was adjusted to 60%. The mixture was allowed to stand for 24 h to allow the polysaccharides in the water extract to completely precipitate. The mixture was filtered to obtain 180.28 g of crude American ginseng polysaccharides, with an extraction rate of 18.02%.

[0057] (3) The crude American ginseng polysaccharide obtained in step (2) was dissolved in 500 mL of water, placed in a separatory funnel, and extracted 5 times (1000 mL×5) with petroleum ether to remove the fat-soluble components in the water extract. Extraction process: After shaking the separatory funnel 10 times, let it stand for 6 hours, and separate the petroleum ether layer. Subsequently, the polysaccharide aqueous solution after ester removal was extracted 5 times (500 mL×5) with Sevage reagent (chloroform: n-butanol = 4:1, v / v) to remove the protein mixed in the polysaccharide. Extraction process: After shaking the separatory funnel 10 times, let it stand for 6 hours, and separate the Sevage reagent layer. The polysaccharide aqueous solution after protein removal was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the residual organic solvent to obtain a polysaccharide extract (calculation shows that 55.5 g of American ginseng medicinal material can be extracted to obtain 10 g of polysaccharide extract).

[0058] (4) Take 10 g of the polysaccharide extract obtained in step (3) and separate and purify it using DEAE-52 ion exchange column chromatography. Dissolve the polysaccharide extract in water, add it to the top of the DEAE-52 column, elute it with ultrapure water, the volume is 2 L, use 50 mL centrifuge tubes to collect the elution fractions, and collect 40 tubes. Use sulfuric acid-phenol method to detect the polysaccharide content in each tube, use enzyme marker to detect the absorbance value at 490 nm wavelength, and draw the elution curve. The elution curve is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, there is only one main peak, indicating that it contains only one polysaccharide component. According to the elution curve, the polysaccharide-rich eluates (eluates from tubes 13 to 16) were combined and concentrated to 50 mL under reduced pressure. Then, they were freeze-dried at -25°C and a vacuum of 30 Pa for 10 h to obtain a neutral polysaccharide from American ginseng (1.5 g), named American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W. The purity and homogeneity of XYS-W were analyzed by gel exclusion chromatography. Figure 5 1.5 g of American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W was extracted from 55.5 g of American ginseng medicinal material, with a yield of 2.70%.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] 1. Structural identification of American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W

[0061] The neutral polysaccharide XYS-W from American ginseng isolated in Example 1 was measured by infrared spectroscopy (IR), molecular weight, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra using Nicolet IS50, HPGPC high performance liquid chromatography, and Burker AVIII HD 600 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, respectively. The monosaccharide composition and linkage sites were analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 3 and Table 4. Figures 6 to 11 As shown, a new neutral polysaccharide structure was identified.

[0062] XYS-W is a light yellow amorphous powder. Its molecular weight was determined to be 28.66 kDa by multi-angle laser light scattering. Acid hydrolysis determined the monosaccharide composition of XYS-W to be glucose (Glc) and fructose (Fru) at a molar ratio of 3.92:1. Methylation analysis revealed that the primary monosaccharide linkages in XYS-W were Fruf-(2→), →1,6-Fruf-(2→), →4,6-Glcp-(1→), →4-Glcp-(1→), and Glcp-(1→), with respective proportions of 0.12, 0.42, 0.06, 0.06, and 0.34, respectively. The →1,6-Fruf-(2→) glycosidic bond accounted for the highest proportion, suggesting that XYS-W is a fructan with →1,6-Fruf-(2→) as the primary linkage.

[0063] IR spectrum ( Figure 11 ) 3385 cm -1 and 2933 cm -1 The absorption peaks are the stretching vibration peaks of OH and CH.

[0064] In XYS-W 13 C NMR spectrum ( Figure 7 ) can be seen in the characteristic signals of fructan, and three significant carbon signals appear in the low field region, located at 103.66, 103.61 and 103.19 ppm respectively. These signals are detected in the HSQC spectrum (heteronuclear single quantum relationship spectrum, Figures 8 to 10 ) does not show relevant hydrogen signals, indicating that the carbon signal is the C-2 carbon signal in fructose. According to relevant references and methylation results, δ C 103.63, 103.61, and 103.19 are named A, B, and C respectively. 1 H NMR ( Figure 6 )、 13 C NMR ( Figure 7 )、 1 H- 1 H COSY spectrum ( Figure 8 )、HSQC( Figure 9 )、HMBC( Figure 10 ) to further determine the H and C signals of the sugar residue fragments A, B, and C. In fragment A, the signals of C-1, C-3, C-4, C-5, and C-6 are located at 60.05 (3.83), 76.58 (4.19), 73.79 (4.05), 81.14 (3.91), and 62.56 (3.83), respectively. It is inferred that fragment A is β-D-Fru f -(2→; The signals of C-1, C-3, C-4, C-5, and C-6 in fragment B are 60.05 (3.83), 76.35 (4.29), 74.08 (4.05), 81.30 (3.90), and 62.33 (3.83), respectively. It is inferred that fragment B is →1)-β-D-Fru f -(2→; The signals of C-1, C-3, C-4, C-5, and C-6 in fragment C are 60.05 (3.83), 76.35 (4.29), 74.08 (4.05), 81.18 (3.89), and 62.15 (3.83), respectively. It is inferred that fragment C is →1,6)-β-D-Fru f -(2→.

[0065] according to 1 H. 13 The signals of C NMR and HSQC spectra, except for the fructose signal, are H / C Three other terminal group signals were detected at 4.95 / 98.03, 4.67 / 95.85, and 5.413 / 92.12, and the three sugar residues were numbered D, E, and F. The terminal group signal of fragment E indicated that it was a β-configuration, while the terminal group signals of fragments D and E indicated that they were an α-configuration. 1 HNMR, 13 C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, 1 H- 1 The H COSY spectrum identifies the H and C signals of the three sugar residue fragments. In fragment D, the signals appear δ 98.03 (4.97), 70.93 (3.54), 72.80 (3.77), 72.52 (3.49), 72.19 (3.92), 67.53 (3.81), fragment D is inferred to be →4)-α-D-Glc p-(1→; The signals in fragment E are 95.85 (4.67), 74.23 (3.27), 72.29 (3.62), 75.92 (3.53), 71.01 (3.76), and 60.66 (3.69), respectively. It is inferred that fragment E is →4,6)- β-D-Glc p -(1→; The signals in fragment F are 92.12 (5.42), 71.01 (3.57), 72.49 (3.78), 69.16 (3.48), 72.34 (3.85), and 61.26 (3.68), respectively. It is inferred that fragment F is t-α-D-Glcp-(1→.

[0066] Table 3 XYS-W 1 H NMR (600 MHz, D2O) and 13 C NMR data (150 MHz, D2O)

[0067]

[0068] Example 4

[0069] The purpose of this example is to study the anti-pneumonia activity of American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W.

[0070] 1. Establishment of acute pneumonia model in mice

[0071] An acute pneumonia mouse model was established by instilling lipopolysaccharide (LPS) solution through a laryngeal tube. The specific method is as follows:

[0072] Grouping: 72 male C57B / 6J mice were selected and, after one week of adaptive feeding, randomly divided into 6 groups (12 mice in each group), namely: normal saline group (NS), model group (MOD), dexamethasone group (DEX, 5 mg / kg), XYS-W low-dose group (XYS-WL, 50 mg / kg), XYS-W medium-dose group (XYS-WM, 100 mg / kg) and XYS-W high-dose group (XYS-WH, 200 mg / kg).

[0073] Modeling and Dosing: The volume of modeling solution and dosing solution for all groups was calculated at 0.1 mL / 10 g (volume / body weight) and administered accordingly. Except for the dexamethasone group, which was administered by injection, all other groups received drug by gavage. Mouse body weights were recorded daily during the experiment. For a pre-dose of 7 days, mice in the low-, medium-, and high-dose groups received drug doses corresponding to their body weight through gavage once daily. The saline and model groups received an equal volume of saline through gavage.

[0074] One hour after the last administration, mice in all groups except the saline group were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of sodium pentobarbital solution, fixed on an operating board in a supine position with their heads slightly tilted back, their mouths gently opened with forceps, and the glottis exposed with the help of a light source. Subsequently, a micropipette was used to slowly drip the prepared LPS solution (50 μL, containing 5 mg / kg LPS) into the trachea. After the instillation, the mice were kept upright for a moment to ensure that the solution fully entered the lungs. Finally, the mice were returned to their cages and their respiratory recovery was observed until they fully woke up.

[0075] 2. Determination of inflammatory factors

[0076] Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and human tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels in mouse lung tissue and lung lavage fluid were measured by ELISA. 20 mg of lung tissue was homogenized with 180 μL of PBS at a 1:9 (w / v) ratio. After cold homogenization, the cells were centrifuged at 10,000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4°C. The supernatant was collected and stored at -80°C until further use. The assays were performed using the Xinbosheng Mouse IL-6 ELISA kit (EMC004.96) and Xinbosheng Mouse TNF-α ELISA kit (EMC102a.96) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The absorbance (OD) of the standard and samples was measured at 450 nm. ELISACalc software was used to fit the standard curves and generate regression equations for the calculation of IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations in lung tissue and lung lavage fluid.

[0077] The results of the test are as follows Figure 13 As shown in the data, compared with the NS group, LPS caused a significant increase in the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the lung tissue homogenate and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the MOD group, while the DEX group significantly reduced the levels of both. The XYS-W-treated group showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect, indicating that XYS-W has good anti-inflammatory activity, and its anti-inflammatory ability gradually increases with increasing doses.

[0078] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A neutral polysaccharide XYS-W from American ginseng, characterized in that: The structural formula of the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W is: ； The weight average molecular weight of the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W is 28.66 kDa; The preparation method of the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W comprises the following steps: (1) Mixing American ginseng medicinal materials with water and performing ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction to obtain American ginseng water extract; (2) mixing the American ginseng water extract obtained in step (1) with an ethanol solution and reacting the mixture, collecting the solid portion to obtain crude American ginseng polysaccharide; (3) extracting the crude American ginseng polysaccharide obtained in step (2) with petroleum ether and Sevage reagent in sequence to obtain an American ginseng polysaccharide extract; (4) The American ginseng polysaccharide extract obtained in step (3) was subjected to ion exchange column chromatography, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W; In step (1), the American ginseng medicinal material is crushed to 20 mesh, and the mass volume ratio of the American ginseng medicinal material to water is 1 g:40 mL; the holding pressure during the ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction is 500 MPa, and the holding time is 6 min; In step (2), the ethanol concentration in the mixed solution obtained by mixing the American ginseng water extract and the ethanol solution is 60%, and the reaction time is 24 hours; In step (3), the petroleum ether and Sevage reagent are both extracted 5 times; the volume ratio of chloroform to n-butanol in the Sevage reagent is 4:1; The ion exchange column in step (4) is an anion exchange column, and the anion exchange column is a DEAE-52 ion exchange column; the eluent used in the chromatography is ultrapure water; the reduced pressure concentration is to 1 / 40 of the original volume, and the drying is freeze drying, and the freeze drying temperature is -25°C, the vacuum degree is 30 Pa, and the time is 10 h.

2. A method for preparing the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Mixing American ginseng medicinal materials with water and performing ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction to obtain American ginseng water extract; (2) mixing the American ginseng water extract obtained in step (1) with an ethanol solution and reacting the mixture, collecting the solid portion to obtain crude American ginseng polysaccharide; (3) extracting the crude American ginseng polysaccharide obtained in step (2) with petroleum ether and Sevage reagent in sequence to obtain an American ginseng polysaccharide extract; (4) The American ginseng polysaccharide extract obtained in step (3) was subjected to ion exchange column chromatography, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried to obtain American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W; In step (1), the American ginseng medicinal material is crushed to 20 mesh, and the mass volume ratio of the American ginseng medicinal material to water is 1 g:40 mL; the holding pressure during the ultrahigh pressure assisted extraction is 500 MPa, and the holding time is 6 min; In step (2), the ethanol concentration in the mixed solution obtained by mixing the American ginseng water extract and the ethanol solution is 60%, and the reaction time is 24 hours; In step (3), the petroleum ether and Sevage reagent are both extracted 5 times; the volume ratio of chloroform to n-butanol in the Sevage reagent is 4:1; The ion exchange column in step (4) is an anion exchange column, and the anion exchange column is a DEAE-52 ion exchange column; the eluent used in the chromatography is ultrapure water; the reduced pressure concentration is to 1 / 40 of the original volume, and the drying is freeze drying, and the freeze drying temperature is -25°C, the vacuum degree is 30 Pa, and the time is 10 h.

3. Use of the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W according to claim 1 in the preparation of anti-inflammatory drugs.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that The anti-inflammatory drug is an anti-pneumonia drug.

5. An anti-inflammatory drug, characterized in that: The medicine contains the American ginseng neutral polysaccharide XYS-W according to claim 1.

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