Hydrolat extraction equipment for silphium perfoliatum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of essential oil extraction, and discloses hydrolat extraction equipment for silphium perfoliatum, the hydrolat extraction equipment comprises an evaporation kettle, a condensation mechanism, a steam generation mechanism and a separation mechanism, a base layer sieve plate is arranged in the evaporation kettle, and a stirring mechanism is arranged on the evaporation kettle; the stirring mechanism comprises a driving part and a stirring part detachably connected with the driving part; a layering mechanism is arranged in the evaporation kettle. According to the extraction equipment provided by the invention, an ordered steam channel is constructed through a layered sieve plate structure, layered evaporation placement of petals and leaves can be realized, layered heating of the petals and the leaves can be ensured, and an ejector rod reciprocating lifting mechanism is utilized, so that on one hand, petal layer gaps are dynamically adjusted in the initial stage of evaporation to promote uniform permeation of steam; and on the other hand, the channel blockage is avoided by continuously cleaning materials adhered to the sieve pores, so that the stable penetrability of high-temperature steam in multiple layers of raw materials is guaranteed, and the volatile matter extraction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of essential oil extraction, and more specifically, it relates to a hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum L.. Background Art

[0002] Hydrosol, also known as hydrolat, refers to a 100% saturated distillation stock solution separated during the distillation extraction process of essential oil. It is a by-product produced together with essential oil, with natural and pure ingredients and a light and pleasant fragrance. Hydrosol is the condensed aqueous solution obtained by distilling aromatic plants. During the distillation extraction process, oil and water will separate. Due to different densities, the essential oil will float on the top and the water will precipitate at the bottom, and this water is called hydrosol.

[0003] In the prior art, when Silphium perfoliatum L. is used as a raw material for hydrosol extraction, the leaves and petals are usually chopped and mixed and then directly put into an evaporation kettle for distillation extraction. Although this mixing treatment method simplifies the operation process, due to the significant differences in physical and chemical properties between petals and leaves, the following technical defects will occur in actual production: First, the petal fragments will quickly soften and shrink into a viscous paste under the action of high-temperature steam, while the leaf fragments still remain loose due to the high fiber content, resulting in the paste gradually infiltrating into the leaf gaps during the steam flow process to form a dense filling layer; Second, this filling layer will not only significantly reduce the effective cross-sectional area of the steam channel in the evaporation kettle, but also produce an adhesion effect with the sieve holes of the middle-layer sieve plate. When a certain amount of paste accumulates, it will cause progressive blockage of the sieve holes, ultimately leading to a decrease in distillation efficiency and a reduction in the extraction rate of effective components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum L. to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The present invention solves the above-mentioned existing technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum L., including: an evaporation kettle, a condensation mechanism, a steam generation mechanism, a stirring mechanism, and a separation mechanism. A basic sieve plate is provided inside the evaporation kettle. The stirring mechanism includes a driving part and a stirring part detachably connected to the driving part;

[0007] A layering mechanism is provided inside the evaporation kettle. The layering mechanism includes a middle-layer sieve plate and an upper-layer sieve plate detachably installed inside the evaporation kettle. A movable plate is provided at the bottom of the middle-layer sieve plate. A number of ejector rods corresponding to the sieve holes of the middle-layer sieve plate are provided on the movable plate. The top ends of the ejector rods extend to the top of the middle-layer sieve plate. A reciprocating driving component for driving the movable plate to reciprocate up and down is provided on the middle-layer sieve plate, and a transmission component is provided on the upper-layer sieve plate;

[0008] When the stirring part is disassembled, the transmission component connects the driving part and the reciprocating driving component to drive the ejector rod to reciprocate up and down to clean the sieve holes.

[0009] Preferably, the stirring part includes a stirring motor arranged at the top of the reaction kettle and a stirring shaft connected to the driving end of the stirring motor. The stirring part is a stirring blade, and its top is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the transmission component includes a connecting shaft body rotatably arranged on the upper sieve plate, and a connecting sleeve for connecting with the stirring shaft is threadedly installed at the top end of the connecting shaft body.

[0011] Preferably, the reciprocating driving component includes a sliding rod, an eccentric wheel, a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear which are mutually engaged. The sliding rod slides in the middle sieve plate, and its bottom end is fixed to the movable plate; a return spring is connected between the movable plate and the middle sieve plate. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are both rotatably arranged on the middle sieve plate; a slot adapted to the bottom end of the connecting shaft body is provided on the first bevel gear; the eccentric wheel is connected to the second bevel gear, and its bottom is in contact with the top end of the sliding rod.

[0012] Preferably, an adjusting component for adjusting the height of the eccentric wheel is provided on the second bevel gear. The adjusting component includes a connecting rod slidably arranged in the second bevel gear and an adjusting screw rod rotatably arranged on the second bevel gear. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the eccentric wheel, and the other end is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw rod.

[0013] Preferably, the ejector rod includes a vertical ejecting part and a frustum-shaped clearance control part, and a conical groove adapted to the clearance control part is provided at the bottom of the sieve hole of the middle sieve plate.

[0014] Preferably, the evaporation kettle includes a support frame body, a lower cylinder body arranged on the support frame body, and an upper cylinder body arranged on the top of the lower cylinder body. A telescopic cylinder for lifting the upper cylinder body is provided on the support frame body.

[0015] Preferably, two support ring bodies are arranged in parallel up and down on the inner wall of the lower cylinder body, and the middle sieve plate and the upper sieve plate are respectively embedded on the support ring bodies.

[0016] Preferably, the aperture of the sieve holes of the middle sieve plate is smaller than that of the upper sieve plate, and the diameter of the ejecting part of the ejector rod is smaller than the aperture of the sieve holes of the middle sieve plate.

[0017] Preferably, the aperture of the sieve holes of the base sieve plate is larger than that of the upper sieve plate, and the number of sieve holes of the base sieve plate is more than that of the upper sieve plate and the middle sieve plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] The extraction device provided by the present invention constructs an orderly steam channel through a layered sieve plate structure, which can realize the layered evaporation placement of petals and leaves, ensure that the petals and leaves are heated layer by layer. By using the reciprocating lifting mechanism of the ejector rod, on the one hand, it dynamically adjusts the gap of the petal layer at the initial stage of evaporation to promote the uniform penetration of steam, and on the other hand, it continuously clears the adhesion on the sieve holes to avoid channel blockage, thereby ensuring the stable penetration of high-temperature steam in multiple layers of raw materials and improving the extraction efficiency of volatile substances. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the layered mechanism installed inside the evaporation kettle of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the stirring mechanism installed inside the evaporation kettle of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the layered mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 FIG. 22 is an exploded view of the layered mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 FIG. 26 is a sectional view of the layered mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 FIG. 30 is of the present invention Figure 6 Partial enlarged schematic view at position A;

[0027] Figure 8 FIG. 36 is a schematic structural diagram of the reciprocating drive assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 FIG. 40 is of the present invention Figure 6 Partial enlarged schematic view at position B;

[0029] Figure 10 FIG. 46 is a schematic structural diagram of the evaporation kettle in the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Evaporation kettle; 11. Base sieve plate; 12. Support frame body; 13. Lower cylinder; 14. Upper cylinder; 15. Telescopic cylinder; 16. Support ring body; 2. Condensation mechanism; 3. Steam generation mechanism; 4. Stirring mechanism; 41. Stirring motor; 42. Stirring shaft; 43. Stirring blade; 5. Stratification mechanism; 51. Middle sieve plate; 52. Upper sieve plate; 53. Movable plate; 54. Jack; 55. Reciprocating drive assembly; 551. Slide bar; 552. First bevel gear; 553. Second bevel gear; 554. Eccentric wheel; 555. Return spring; 56. Transmission assembly; 561. Connecting shaft body; 562. Connecting sleeve; 57. Adjustment assembly; 571. Connecting rod; 572. Adjusting screw; 6. Separation mechanism. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] Now, the subject matter described herein will be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that discussing these embodiments is only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and thus implement the subject matter described herein. Without departing from the scope of protection of the content of this specification, changes can be made to the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed. Each example can omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Additionally, the features described relative to some examples can also be combined in other examples.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , a hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum, comprising: an evaporation kettle 1, a condensation mechanism 2, a steam generation mechanism 3, and a separation mechanism 6. Among them, the condensation mechanism 2 is connected to the top of the evaporation kettle 1 through a pipeline and is used to cool the evaporated steam; the steam generation mechanism 3 is used to generate high-temperature steam, and one end of it is connected to the bottom of the evaporation kettle 1 through a pipeline; the separation mechanism 6 is connected to the condensation mechanism 2 and is used to separate the condensed mixed solution; a base sieve plate 11 is provided inside the evaporation kettle 1, and a stirring mechanism 4 is provided on the evaporation kettle 1. The stirring mechanism 4 includes a driving part and a stirring part detachably connected to the driving part. A stratification mechanism 5 is provided inside the evaporation kettle 1. The stratification mechanism 5 includes a middle sieve plate 51 and an upper sieve plate 52 detachably installed inside the evaporation kettle 1. The pore diameter of the sieve holes of the middle sieve plate 51 is smaller than that of the upper sieve plate 52, and the diameter of the ejecting part of the jack 54 is smaller than the pore diameter of the sieve holes of the middle sieve plate 51. The pore diameter of the sieve holes of the base sieve plate 11 is larger than that of the upper sieve plate 52, and the number of sieve holes of the base sieve plate 11 is more than that of the upper sieve plate 52 and the middle sieve plate 51. A movable plate 53 is provided at the bottom of the middle sieve plate 51. A number of jacks 54 corresponding to the sieve holes of the middle sieve plate 51 are provided on the movable plate 53. The top end of the jack 54 extends to the top of the middle sieve plate 51. A reciprocating drive assembly 55 for driving the movable plate 53 to reciprocate up and down is provided on the middle sieve plate 51. A transmission assembly 56 for realizing the cooperative transmission of the driving part and the reciprocating drive assembly 55 is provided on the upper sieve plate 52.

[0033] It should be noted that since the default stirring part is connected to the driving part, in this state, the layering mechanism 5 has not been installed in the evaporation kettle 1 yet, and the raw materials with the same form can be directly evaporated. For example, when all the raw materials are leaves or all are stems, due to the large amount of leaves, during the evaporation process, the driving part can drive the stirring part to rotate to stir the leaves so that the leaves can be evenly contacted with the steam.

[0034] When extracting hydrosol from Silphium perfoliatum, the leaves and petals need to be placed separately, and the layering mechanism 5 is required. At this time, the stirring part needs to be disassembled first, and the transmission component 56 is connected to the stirring part and the reciprocating driving component 55. The leaves are placed on the base sieve plate 11 and the upper sieve plate 52, and the petals are placed on the middle sieve plate 51, adopting an alternating layering placement method. On the one hand, it can form a regular steam channel. On the other hand, since the evaporation temperature required by the petals is lower than that of the leaves, they cannot be directly placed at the bottom. If directly placed on the top layer, the dissolved petals after evaporation will affect both layers of leaves below. Therefore, the above placement method is the best.

[0035] During the specific placement process, first place some leaves on the top surface of the base sieve plate 11 and spread them evenly. Then install the middle sieve plate 51 in the reaction kettle and spread the petals evenly on the top surface of the middle sieve plate 51. Since the top rod 54 extends out of the top surface of the middle sieve plate 51, it can support the petals, so that there is a certain gap between the petals and the middle sieve plate 51, which helps the steam to flow upward. Then install the upper sieve plate 52, connect the bottom end of the transmission component 56 on the upper sieve plate 52 to the reciprocating driving component 55, connect the top end of the transmission component 56 to the driving part, and then spread the leaves evenly on the top surface of the upper sieve plate 52. After all the raw materials are placed, the high-temperature steam is introduced into the bottom of the evaporation kettle 1 through the steam generating mechanism 3. The steam slowly rises from the bottom to the top in the evaporation kettle 1 and contacts the leaves and petals. The volatile substances in the leaves and petals rise with the water vapor and enter the condensing mechanism 2 from the upper end of the evaporation kettle 1. The oil-water mixture is cooled into a liquid by the condenser mechanism, and the cooled liquid continues to flow into the separation mechanism 6, and then the oil liquid, hydrosol and water are separated. The separated oil liquid and hydrosol are discharged and collected for the next treatment, while the water flows back to the steam generating mechanism 3 for continued use. During the evaporation process, under the driving action of the driving part, the transmission part can drive the reciprocating driving component 55 to perform reciprocating driving, so that the movable plate 53 and the top rod 54 perform reciprocating lifting actions. Through the lifting action of the top rod 54, in the initial stage of evaporation, the petals can be stirred to a small extent to promote the uniform contact of water vapor with the petals. In the middle and late stages of evaporation, the petals are heated and dissolved and will flow into the sieve holes. The petals blocking the sieve holes can be pushed out by the lifting of the top rod 54 to keep the sieve holes unblocked and ensure the normal upward flow of steam.

[0036] Please refer toFigure 3 , in order to achieve the assembly and use between the layered mechanism 5 and the stirring mechanism 4, and at the same time not affect the use of the original stirring mechanism 4, the present invention designs the specific structure of the stirring mechanism 4:

[0037] The stirring part includes a stirring motor 41 arranged at the top of the reaction kettle and a stirring shaft 42 connected to the driving end of the stirring motor 41. The stirring part is a stirring blade 43, the top of which is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft 42. The stirring motor 41 is a servo motor and is controlled to operate by an external control unit. When evaporating and processing raw materials that do not need to be placed in layers, the stirring motor 41 can drive the stirring shaft 42 and the stirring blade 43 to rotate together, thereby realizing the stirring of the raw materials and making the steam and the raw materials contact evenly.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 5 to 7 , in order to achieve the reciprocating lifting action of the driving part driving the ejector rod 54, the present invention designs the structures of the following transmission component 56 and reciprocating driving component 55:

[0039] The transmission component 56 includes a connecting shaft body 561 rotatably arranged on the upper sieve plate 52, and a connecting sleeve 562 for connecting with the stirring shaft 42 is threadedly installed at the top end of the connecting shaft body 561. The reciprocating driving component 55 includes a sliding rod 551, a first bevel gear 552, a second bevel gear 553, and an eccentric wheel 554. The sliding rod 551 slides in the middle sieve plate 51, and its bottom end is fixed to the movable plate 53; a return spring 555 is connected between the movable plate 53 and the middle sieve plate 51. The first bevel gear 552 and the second bevel gear 553 are meshed with each other and are both rotatably arranged on the middle sieve plate 51; a fitting slot adapted to the bottom end of the connecting shaft body 561 is provided on the first bevel gear 552; the eccentric wheel 554 is connected to the second bevel gear 553, and its bottom is in contact with the top end of the sliding rod 551.

[0040] When installing the layering mechanism 5, the stirring blade 43 is removed from the bottom end of the stirring shaft 42, and then the middle sieve plate 51 and the upper sieve plate 52 are installed in sequence. When installing the upper sieve plate 52, align the bottom end of the connecting shaft body 561 with the slot on the first bevel gear 552 and insert them. Then, by rotating the connecting sleeve 562, it gradually moves upward along the connecting shaft body 561 and finally is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft 42. At this time, the transmission assembly 56 connects the stirring shaft 42 with the reciprocating drive assembly 55. During the evaporation process, by rotating the stirring shaft 42, the connecting shaft body 561 can drive the first bevel gear 552 to rotate synchronously. The second bevel gear 553 is driven by the first bevel gear 552, causing the eccentric wheel 554 to start rotating and exerting a squeezing force on the slide rod 551, causing the slide rod 551 to first move downward and compress the return spring 555 to make it contract. Subsequently, with the elastic force of the return spring 555, the slide rod 551 automatically moves upward and resets. In this way, by continuously rotating the eccentric wheel 554 to exert pressure on the slide rod 551, the movable plate 53 can drive the ejector rod 54 to perform reciprocating up and down movements synchronously, cleaning the blocked petals in the sieve holes and keeping the sieve holes unobstructed during the evaporation process.

[0041] Please refer to Figures 7 to 9 , for different process evaporation requirements and the shapes of the petals, it may be necessary to adjust the aperture size of the sieve holes. Therefore, in order to further improve the flexibility of the extraction equipment, the present invention further improves the above solution, specifically as follows:

[0042] The second bevel gear 553 is provided with an adjusting assembly 57 for adjusting the height of the eccentric wheel 554. The adjusting assembly 57 includes a connecting rod 571 slidably disposed in the second bevel gear and an adjusting screw 572 rotatably disposed on the second bevel gear 553. One end of the connecting rod 571 is connected to the eccentric wheel 554, and the other end is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 572. The ejector rod 54 includes a vertical ejecting portion and a frustum-shaped clearance control portion. A tapered groove adapted to the clearance control portion is provided at the bottom of the sieve hole of the middle sieve plate 51.

[0043] In the default state, the sieve hole has the smallest clearance. If it is necessary to increase the clearance, by rotating the adjusting screw 572, the connecting rod 571 can drive the eccentric wheel 554 to move downward. The slide rod 551 is synchronously moved downward under the extrusion of the eccentric wheel 554, and the movable plate 53 drives all the ejector rods 54 to move downward together. The clearance control portion of the ejector rod 54 moves away from the tapered groove of the sieve hole, increasing the clearance at the bottom of the sieve hole and allowing more steam to enter the sieve hole.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 10, the evaporation kettle 1 includes a support frame body 12, a lower cylinder body 13 provided on the support frame body 12, and a lower cylinder body 13 provided on the top of the upper cylinder body 14. A telescopic cylinder 15 for lifting the upper cylinder body 14 is provided on the support frame body 12. A locking mechanism is provided at the docking position of the upper cylinder body 14 and the lower cylinder body 13, which can keep the two in a tightly connected state. Two support ring bodies 16 are provided on the inner wall of the lower cylinder body 13 and are distributed parallel to each other up and down. The middle sieve plate 51 and the upper sieve plate 52 are respectively embedded on the support ring bodies 16.

[0045] When installing the layering mechanism 5, the telescopic cylinder 15 can be extended to drive the upper cylinder body 14 to move upward, so that the top of the lower cylinder body 13 is opened, facilitating the staff to disassemble the stirring part and install the layering mechanism 5.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation manners. The above specific implementation manners are merely illustrative rather than restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum, comprising: An evaporation kettle, a condensation mechanism, a steam generation mechanism, a stirring mechanism and a separation mechanism. A basic sieve plate is arranged in the evaporation kettle. It is characterized in that: The stirring mechanism includes a driving part and a stirring part detachably connected to the driving part; A layering mechanism is arranged in the evaporation kettle. The layering mechanism includes a middle sieve plate and an upper sieve plate detachably installed in the evaporation kettle. A movable plate is arranged at the bottom of the middle sieve plate. A plurality of ejector rods corresponding to the sieve holes of the middle sieve plate are arranged on the movable plate. The top ends of the ejector rods extend to the top of the middle sieve plate. A reciprocating driving component for driving the movable plate to reciprocate up and down is arranged on the middle sieve plate. A transmission component is arranged on the upper sieve plate; When the stirring part is disassembled, the transmission component connects the driving part and the reciprocating driving component to drive the ejector rods to reciprocate up and down to clean the sieve holes.

2. The hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring part includes a stirring motor arranged at the top of the reaction kettle and a stirring shaft connected to the driving end of the stirring motor. The stirring part is a stirring blade, and its top end is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the stirring shaft.

3. The hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission component includes a connecting shaft body rotatably arranged on the upper sieve plate. A connecting sleeve for connecting with the stirring shaft is threadedly installed at the top end of the connecting shaft body.

4. A hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reciprocating driving component includes a sliding rod, an eccentric wheel, and a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear meshing with each other. The sliding rod slides in the middle sieve plate, and its bottom end is fixed to the movable plate; A return spring is connected between the movable plate and the middle sieve plate. The first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are both rotatably arranged on the middle sieve plate; A fitting slot adapted to the bottom end of the connecting shaft body is arranged on the first bevel gear; The eccentric wheel is connected to the second bevel gear, and its bottom is in contact with the top end of the sliding rod.

5. The pure dew extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 4, characterized in that, An adjusting component for adjusting the height of the eccentric wheel is arranged on the second bevel gear. The adjusting component includes a connecting rod slidably arranged in the second bevel gear and an adjusting screw rod rotatably arranged on the second bevel gear. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the eccentric wheel, and the other end is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw rod.

6. The hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ejector rod includes a vertical ejecting part and a frustum-shaped clearance control part. A conical groove adapted to the clearance control part is arranged at the bottom of the sieve hole of the middle sieve plate.

7. A hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The evaporation kettle includes a support frame body, a lower cylinder body arranged on the support frame body, and an upper cylinder body arranged at the top of the lower cylinder body. A telescopic cylinder for lifting the upper cylinder body is arranged on the support frame body.

8. A hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 7, characterized in that, Two support ring bodies are arranged in parallel up and down on the inner wall of the lower cylinder body. The middle sieve plate and the upper sieve plate are respectively embedded on the support ring bodies.

9. The pure dew extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the sieve holes of the middle sieve plate is smaller than the aperture of the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate, and the diameter of the ejecting part of the ejector rod is smaller than the aperture of the sieve holes of the middle sieve plate.

10. The hydrosol extraction device for Silphium perfoliatum according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the sieve holes of the basic sieve plate is larger than the aperture of the sieve holes of the upper sieve plate, and the number of sieve holes of the basic sieve plate is more than the number of sieve holes of the upper sieve plate and the middle sieve plate.

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