Water meter with accurate metering and remote monitoring functions and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water meters, and discloses an accurate metering and remote monitoring water meter and a working method thereof.The accurate metering and remote monitoring water meter comprises a water meter body, the two sides of the water meter body are fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe correspondingly, and monitoring assemblies are arranged on the outer walls of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe correspondingly; the monitoring assembly comprises mounting rings fixedly mounted on the outer walls of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, monitoring boxes are fixedly mounted at the bottom ends of the mounting rings, water inlet holes are uniformly formed in the tops of the monitoring boxes, absorbent cotton and humidity sensors are arranged in the monitoring boxes, and in the working process of the water meter, real-time monitoring is achieved through the absorbent cotton; when a water leakage phenomenon occurs at the joint of the water meter, water flows downwards through the water inlet hole, enters the monitoring box and is absorbed by the absorbent cotton, the absorbent cotton monitors that the humidity reaches a certain threshold value, the motor is controlled by the PLC to start to drive the material belt box to rotate, and when the material belt box rotates, the raw material belt is stretched and wound at the joint to temporarily block the joint. Therefore, the stability of a water supply system and the accuracy of metering data are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water meters, and specifically relates to a water meter for accurate measurement and remote monitoring and its working method. Background Art

[0002] Water meters for accurate measurement and remote monitoring are core devices in modern intelligent water systems, combining high-precision measurement technology and Internet of Things (IoT) technology, aiming to improve water resource management efficiency, reduce leakage, and optimize user services;

[0003] After retrieval, such as the patent: CN118817004B, a wireless intelligent remote transmission water meter, includes a housing and a wireless intelligent remote transmission system. The left side of the housing is connected with a water inlet pipe, and the right side is connected with a water outlet pipe; a flow conduction mechanism is installed in the middle of the housing. The flow conduction mechanism includes an impeller, a chamber, a sensor, a fixed panel, and a wireless transmitter; the impeller is arranged in the middle of the housing, and a rotating rod is fixedly installed at the upper end. The chamber is fixedly installed inside the housing, the sensor is fixedly installed in the middle of the chamber, the fixed panel is fixedly installed above the chamber, the wireless transmitter is fixedly installed above the right side of the chamber, and an induction layer is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the rotating rod. This device solves the problem that the current water meter cannot realize wireless remote transmission of water flow data and automatically switches the water flow data acquisition method between fast and slow water flow speeds, thereby ensuring the accuracy of water flow data;

[0004] Currently, water meters are usually installed by bolt connection, which is the mainstream standardized installation method. Although sealing gaskets are used during installation to ensure sealing and stability, there are still potential risks during long-term operation. Affected by factors such as environmental erosion, mechanical stress, or material fatigue, there is a potential risk of failure in the sealing structure. For example, rubber sealing rings crack due to aging, and metal washers have pores due to rust. These factors will cause continuous leakage channels to form at the connection parts. If these problems are not discovered and dealt with in time, it will not only cause water resource waste and economic losses, but may also lead to accelerated pipeline corrosion, water supply pressure fluctuations, etc., ultimately affecting the stability of the water supply system and the accuracy of measurement data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water meter for accurate measurement and remote monitoring and its working method to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A water meter for accurate measurement and remote monitoring, including a water meter main body, both sides of the water meter main body are respectively fixedly connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, and monitoring components are arranged on the outer walls of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe;

[0007] The monitoring component includes a mounting ring fixedly installed on the outer walls of the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. A monitoring box is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the mounting ring. Water inlet holes are evenly formed in the top of the monitoring box. A water absorbent cotton and a humidity sensor are arranged inside the monitoring box;

[0008] A tape cassette is arranged on one side of the mounting ring. Raw tape is installed inside the tape cassette. Two mounting shafts are arranged inside the raw tape. One end of the raw tape passes through the inside of the tape cassette and is fixedly installed on one side of a fixing plate. The fixing plate is arranged below the tape cassette;

[0009] An annular gear is arranged on the outer wall of the tape cassette. The annular gear is rotatably installed inside the mounting ring. A transmission gear is meshed and connected inside the annular gear. A rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transmission gear. A motor is installed at one end of the rotating shaft.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the tape cassette is slidably installed inside the mounting ring.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a first connecting plate is slidably installed inside the tape cassette. A first spring is arranged on the top of the first connecting plate. A pressing rod is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first connecting plate. The pressing rods are evenly distributed.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention, both of the two mounting shafts are rotatably installed inside the tape cassette. A torsion spring is installed on the outer wall of one of the mounting shafts.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a connecting shaft is rotatably installed inside the tape cassette. Limit blocks are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting shaft. A limit groove is arranged on one side of one of the limit blocks. The limit groove is formed inside the mounting ring.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention, a second connecting plate is fixedly installed at one end of the fixing plate. One side of the second connecting plate is slidably installed inside a connecting groove. The connecting groove is formed on the inner wall of the tape cassette.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the second connecting plate is slidably installed inside the mounting ring. A second spring is arranged on one side of the second connecting plate.

[0016] As a further technical solution of the present invention, sliding grooves are formed on both sides of the tape cassette. Sliding blocks are slidably connected to the inner walls of the sliding grooves. The sliding blocks are fixedly installed inside the annular gear.

[0017] As a further technical solution of the present invention, drain holes are evenly formed in the bottom of the monitoring box. The drain holes are arranged below the water absorbent cotton.

[0018] A working method of a water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: After the water meter is installed, rotate the limit block on the side of the tape box away from the installation ring. Through the connection shaft, the limit block inside the limit slot coincides with the opening chute. The elastic potential energy of the second spring pushes the second connecting plate outwards. The movement of the second connecting plate drives the tape box and the fixing plate to slide out of the installation ring, so that the tape box, the raw material tape and the fixing plate are located above the connection;

[0020] S2: During the operation of the water meter, it is monitored in real time through the absorbent cotton. When there is a water leakage at the connection of the water meter, the water flows down through the water inlet hole into the monitoring box and is absorbed by the absorbent cotton. When the humidity monitored by the absorbent cotton reaches a certain threshold, the PLC controls the motor to start. When the motor starts, it drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the transmission gear to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear drives the annular gear to rotate. The rotation of the annular gear drives the rotation of the tape box. When the tape box rotates, the raw material tape is stretched and wound around the connection to block it;

[0021] S3: At the same time, the elastic potential energy of the first spring makes the first connecting plate always tend to move downwards, so that the pressure rod presses down the raw material tape. During the process of the raw material tape winding around the connection, a certain pressure is maintained to temporarily block the connection, facilitating maintenance by the staff.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. Through the setting of the monitoring component, during the operation of the water meter, it is monitored in real time through the absorbent cotton. When there is a water leakage at the connection of the water meter, the water flows down through the water inlet hole into the monitoring box and is absorbed by the absorbent cotton. When the humidity monitored by the absorbent cotton reaches a certain threshold, the PLC controls the motor to start. When the motor starts, it drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the transmission gear to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear drives the annular gear to rotate. The rotation of the annular gear drives the rotation of the tape box. When the tape box rotates, the raw material tape is stretched and wound around the connection to conduct a temporary blockage, so as to ensure the stability of the water supply system and the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0024] 2. The elastic potential energy of the first spring makes the first connecting plate always tend to move downwards, so that the pressure rod presses down the raw material tape. During the process of the raw material tape winding around the connection, a certain pressure is maintained to ensure that the raw material tape fits tightly and prevent the raw material tape from loosening during use.

[0025] 3. The elastic potential energy of the coil spring in the present invention enables the sealing tape to maintain a certain tension during the stretching process, making it fit more closely to the surface of the connection, filling the gaps, enhancing the sealing performance. When used in conjunction with the pressure of the pressure rod, it can further ensure the tightness of the sealing tape winding, thereby improving the effect of temporary plugging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the mounting ring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic sectional view of the structure at the tape cassette of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic sectional view of the structure at the mounting ring of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in the figure;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic sectional view of the structure at the annular gear of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic sectional view of the structure at the tape cassette of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1, water meter main body; 2, water inlet pipe; 3, water outlet pipe; 4, mounting ring; 5, monitoring box; 6, water inlet hole; 7, absorbent cotton; 8, humidity sensor; 9, drain hole; 10, tape cassette; 12, sliding groove; 13, slider; 14, annular gear; 15, driving gear; 16, rotating shaft; 17, motor; 18, mounting shaft; 19, sealing tape; 20, fixing plate; 21, pressure rod; 22, first connecting plate; 23, first spring; 24, coil spring; 25, second connecting plate; 26, second spring; 27, connecting shaft; 28, limiting block; 29, limiting groove; 30, connecting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] As Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, in an embodiment of the present invention, a water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring includes a water meter main body 1. On both sides of the water meter main body 1, a water inlet pipe 2 and a water outlet pipe 3 are fixedly connected respectively. Monitoring components are arranged on the outer walls of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3;

[0036] The monitoring components include mounting rings 4 fixedly installed on the outer walls of the water inlet pipe 2 and the water outlet pipe 3. At the bottom end of the mounting ring 4, a monitoring box 5 is fixedly installed. Water inlet holes 6 are evenly formed in the top of the monitoring box 5. A water absorbent cotton 7 and a humidity sensor 8 are arranged inside the monitoring box 5;

[0037] On one side of the mounting ring 4, a tape cassette 10 is arranged. Inside the tape cassette 10, a PTFE tape 19 is installed. Two mounting shafts 18 are arranged inside the PTFE tape 19. One end of the PTFE tape 19 passes through the inside of the tape cassette 10 and is fixedly installed on one side of a fixing plate 20. The fixing plate 20 is arranged below the tape cassette 10;

[0038] An annular gear 14 is arranged on the outer wall of the tape cassette 10. The annular gear 14 is rotatably installed inside the mounting ring 4. A transmission gear 15 is meshed and connected inside the annular gear 14. A rotating shaft 16 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transmission gear 15. A motor 17 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft 16.

[0039] The monitoring components further include a control module and a feedback module;

[0040] The control module is used to control the motor 17 to start;

[0041] The feedback module is used to feedback information to the back-end terminal of the water meter network;

[0042] During the operation of the water meter, through real-time monitoring by the water absorbent cotton 7, when there is a water leakage at the connection of the water meter, water flows downward through the water inlet holes 6 and enters the monitoring box 5 to be absorbed by the water absorbent cotton 7. When the water absorbent cotton 7 monitors that the humidity reaches a certain threshold, the motor 17 is controlled to start through the PLC. When the motor 17 starts, it drives the rotating shaft 16 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 16 drives the transmission gear 15 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 15 drives the annular gear 14 to rotate. The rotation of the annular gear 14 drives the tape cassette 10 to rotate. When the tape cassette 10 rotates, the PTFE tape 19 is stretched and wound around the connection to temporarily block it, so as to ensure the stability of the water supply system and the accuracy of the measurement data;

[0043] The temporary blockage of the water leakage point by the PTFE tape 19 also facilitates the later treatment by the staff.

[0044] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the tape cassette 10 is slidably installed inside the mounting ring 4.

[0045] As Figure 3As shown, a first connecting plate 22 is slidably installed inside the tape cartridge 10. A first spring 23 is arranged at the top of the first connecting plate 22. A pressing rod 21 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first connecting plate 22, and the pressing rods 21 are evenly distributed.

[0046] Due to the elastic potential energy of the first spring 23, the first connecting plate 22 always has a tendency to move downward, so that the pressing rod 21 presses down the raw tape 19. During the process of the raw tape 19 being wound around the connection, a certain pressure is maintained to ensure that the raw tape 19 fits tightly and prevent the raw tape 19 from loosening during use.

[0047] As Figure 7 shown, two mounting shafts 18 are rotatably installed inside the tape cartridge 10. A torsion spring 24 is installed on the outer wall of one of the mounting shafts 18.

[0048] Due to the elastic potential energy of the torsion spring 24, the raw tape 19 maintains a certain tension during the stretching process, making it fit more tightly on the surface of the connection, filling the gap and enhancing the sealing performance;

[0049] Used in conjunction with the pressure of the pressing rod 21, it can further ensure the tightness of the winding of the raw tape 19, thereby improving the effect of temporary plugging.

[0050] As Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown, a connecting shaft 27 is rotatably installed inside the tape cartridge 10. Limit blocks 28 are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting shaft 27. A limit groove 29 is arranged on one side of one of the limit blocks 28, and the limit groove 29 is opened inside the mounting ring 4.

[0051] A circular sliding groove 12 is arranged inside the limit groove 29, and an opening sliding groove 12 that slidably fits with the limit block 28 is arranged on one side of the circular sliding groove 12;

[0052] Before installation, the limit block 28 is embedded in the circular sliding groove 12 and staggered with the opening sliding groove 12, so that the tape cartridge 10 and the fixing plate 20 are stably installed inside the mounting ring 4 to prevent affecting the installation of the water meter;

[0053] After installation, rotate the limit block 28 on the side of the tape cartridge 10 away from the mounting ring 4. Through the connection of the connecting shaft 27, the limit block 28 inside the limit groove 29 coincides with the opening sliding groove 12, and then the tape cartridge 10 is removed from the mounting ring 4 and located above the connection.

[0054] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, a second connecting plate 25 is fixedly installed at one end of the fixing plate 20. One side of the second connecting plate 25 is slidably installed inside the connecting groove 30, and the connecting groove 30 is opened on the inner wall of the tape cartridge 10.

[0055] One side of the second connecting plate 25 is provided with a T-shaped block, which is embedded inside the connecting groove 30. When the tape cartridge 10 slides out from the mounting ring 4, the second connecting plate 25 moves outward through the connection of the T-shaped block, and the movement of the second connecting plate 25 drives the movement of the fixing plate 20, so that the tape cartridge 10, the raw tape 19 and the fixing plate 20 slide out of the mounting ring 4 synchronously;

[0056] When the tape cartridge 10 is rotating, the connecting groove 30 slides on the outer wall of the T-shaped block to ensure the stability of their connection.

[0057] Such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the second connecting plate 25 is slidably mounted inside the mounting ring 4, and a second spring 26 is provided on one side of the second connecting plate 25.

[0058] When the limiting block 28 inside the limiting groove 29 rotates to coincide with the opening chute 12, the second connecting plate 25 is pushed outward by the elastic potential energy of the second spring 26, so as to facilitate the rapid sliding out of the tape cartridge 10, the raw tape 19 and the fixing plate 20;

[0059] At the same time, the elastic potential energy of the second spring 26 makes the second connecting plate 25 always have a tendency to move outward to ensure the stability of the mounting ring 4 when rotating and winding the raw tape 19.

[0060] Such as Figure 6 shown, sliding grooves 12 are provided on both sides of the tape cartridge 10, and sliders 13 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the sliding grooves 12, and the sliders 13 are fixedly mounted inside the annular gear 14.

[0061] Through the cooperation of the slider 13 and the sliding groove 12, the position where the tape cartridge 10 slides out is limited to prevent the tape cartridge 10 from sliding out completely;

[0062] At the same time, by embedding the slider 13 in the inner wall of the sliding groove 12, the annular gear 14 drives the rotation of the tape cartridge 10 when rotating.

[0063] Such as Figure 4 shown, drain holes 9 are evenly provided at the bottom of the monitoring box 5, and the drain holes 9 are arranged below the absorbent cotton 7.

[0064] When the water inside the monitoring box 5 is saturated, it can be discharged through the drain holes 9

[0065] A working method of a water meter for precise metering and remote monitoring includes the following steps:

[0066] S1: After the water meter is installed, rotate the limit block 28 on the side of the tape cartridge 10 away from the mounting ring 4. Connect it through the connecting shaft 27 so that the limit block 28 inside the limit slot 29 coincides with the opening chute 12. Push the second connecting plate 25 outwards by the elastic potential energy of the second spring 26. The movement of the second connecting plate 25 drives the tape cartridge 10 and the fixing plate 20 to slide out of the mounting ring 4, so that the tape cartridge 10, the raw material tape 19 and the fixing plate 20 are located above the connection point;

[0067] S2: During the operation of the water meter, it is monitored in real time through the absorbent cotton 7. When there is a water leakage at the connection of the water meter, the water flows down through the water inlet hole 6 into the monitoring box 5 and is absorbed by the absorbent cotton 7. When the absorbent cotton 7 monitors that the humidity reaches a certain threshold, the PLC is used to control the motor 17 to start. When the motor 17 starts, it drives the rotating shaft 16 to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft 16 drives the transmission gear 15 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear 15 drives the annular gear 14 to rotate. The rotation of the annular gear 14 drives the rotation of the tape cartridge 10. When the tape cartridge 10 rotates, the raw material tape 19 is stretched and wound around the connection point to block it;

[0068] S3: At the same time, the elastic potential energy of the first spring 23 makes the first connecting plate 22 always tend to move downwards, so that the pressure rod 21 presses down the raw material tape 19. During the process of the raw material tape 19 being wound around the connection point, a certain pressure is maintained to temporarily block the connection point, facilitating the maintenance by the staff.

[0069] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring, comprising a water meter main body (1), characterized in that: On both sides of the water meter main body (1), a water inlet pipe (2) and a water outlet pipe (3) are respectively fixedly connected, and monitoring components are arranged on the outer walls of the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3); The monitoring component includes a mounting ring (4) fixedly installed on the outer walls of the water inlet pipe (2) and the water outlet pipe (3). At the bottom end of the mounting ring (4), a monitoring box (5) is fixedly installed. Water inlet holes (6) are evenly opened at the top of the monitoring box (5). A water absorption cotton (7) and a humidity sensor (8) are arranged inside the monitoring box (5); On one side of the mounting ring (4), a tape box (10) is arranged. Inside the tape box (10), a raw tape (19) is installed. Two mounting shafts (18) are arranged inside the raw tape (19). One end of the raw tape (19) passes through the inside of the tape box (10) and is fixedly installed on one side of a fixing plate (20). The fixing plate (20) is arranged below the tape box (10); An annular gear (14) is arranged on the outer wall of the tape box (10). The annular gear (14) is rotatably installed inside the mounting ring (4). A transmission gear (15) is meshed and connected inside the annular gear (14). A rotating shaft (16) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transmission gear (15). One end of the rotating shaft (16) is provided with a motor (17).

2. The water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tape box (10) is slidably installed inside the mounting ring (4).

3. The water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting plate (22) is slidably installed inside the tape box (10). A first spring (23) is arranged at the top of the first connecting plate (22). A pressing rod (21) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the first connecting plate (22). The pressing rods (21) are evenly distributed.

4. The water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both of the two mounting shafts (18) are rotatably installed inside the tape box (10). A torsion spring (24) is installed on the outer wall of one of the mounting shafts (18).

5. The water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting shaft (27) is rotatably installed inside the tape box (10). Limit blocks (28) are fixedly installed at both ends of the connecting shaft (27). A limit groove (29) is arranged on one side of one of the limit blocks (28). The limit groove (29) is opened inside the mounting ring (4).

6. The water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the fixing plate (20) is fixedly installed with a second connecting plate (25). The second connecting plate (25) is slidably installed inside a connecting groove (30). The connecting groove (30) is opened on the inner wall of the tape box (10).

7. The water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second connecting plate (25) is slidably installed inside the mounting ring (4). A second spring (26) is arranged on one side of the second connecting plate (25).

8. The water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Chute grooves (12) are opened on both sides of the tape box (10). Sliders (13) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the chute grooves (12). The sliders (13) are fixedly installed inside the annular gear (14).

9. The water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Drain holes (9) are evenly opened at the bottom of the monitoring box (5). The drain holes (9) are arranged below the water absorption cotton (7).

10. A working method of a water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring, which is applicable to the water meter for precise measurement and remote monitoring described in the above claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: After the water meter is installed, rotate the limit block (28) on the side of the tape box (10) away from the mounting ring (4). Connect it through the connecting shaft (27) so that the limit block (28) inside the limit slot (29) coincides with the opening chute (12). Push the second connecting plate (25) outwards through the elastic potential energy of the second spring (26). The movement of the second connecting plate (25) drives the tape box (10) and the fixing plate (20) to slide out of the mounting ring (4), so that the tape box (10), the raw tape (19) and the fixing plate (20) are located above the connection point; S2: During the operation of the water meter, it is monitored in real time through the absorbent cotton (7). When there is a water leakage at the connection of the water meter, the water flows down through the water inlet hole (6) into the monitoring box (5) and is absorbed by the absorbent cotton (7). When the humidity monitored by the absorbent cotton (7) reaches a certain threshold, the PLC controls the motor (17) to start. When the motor (17) starts, it drives the rotating shaft (16) to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft (16) drives the transmission gear (15) to rotate. The rotation of the transmission gear (15) drives the annular gear (14) to rotate. The rotation of the annular gear (14) drives the rotation of the tape box (10). When the tape box (10) rotates, the raw tape (19) is stretched and wound around the connection point to block it; S3: At the same time, the elastic potential energy of the first spring (23) makes the first connecting plate (22) always tend to move downwards, so that the pressure rod (21) presses down the raw tape (19). During the process of the raw tape (19) winding around the connection point, a certain pressure is maintained to temporarily block the connection point, facilitating the maintenance by the staff.

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