Fluid flux fixed monitoring device and method based on electric and thermal linkage

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of seabed surveying, and in particular to a device and method for fixed monitoring of fluid flux based on electric and thermal linkage. The device comprises: a connecting plate; a first measuring plate, the first measuring plate being arranged on one side of the connecting plate; a fixed transmitter, the fixed transmitter being arranged on the first measuring plate; a first fixed receiving unit, the first fixed receiving unit being arranged on the first measuring plate; a second measuring plate, the second measuring plate being arranged on the other side of the connecting plate; a second fixed receiving unit, the second fixed receiving unit being arranged on the second measuring plate; and a control chamber, the control chamber being arranged below the connecting plate, the control chamber being communicatively connected to the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit, and the second fixed receiving unit. The present application enables long-term dynamic in-situ monitoring of the seabed, and the monitoring results are more accurate and stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of seabed survey technology, and in particular to a device and method for fixedly monitoring fluid flux based on electric and thermal linkage. Background Art

[0002] In the relevant technologies, there are still a large number of unexplored oil and gas resources on the seabed. The existing means of monitoring seabed fluid flux include sediment sampling and laboratory analysis, acoustic or seismic wave methods, and fiber optic sensing technology. However, sediment sampling and laboratory analysis will destroy the original state of the medium. The sampling process may cause gas escape or phase change. At the same time, the time cost is high and real-time or long-term continuous monitoring cannot be achieved. Acoustic or seismic wave methods are greatly affected by background noise, the data signal-to-noise ratio is low, and can only monitor a single medium. Fiber optic sensing technology is complex to install and maintain, and deep-sea deployment requires special equipment. In summary, the existing seabed fluid flux monitoring methods generally face problems such as difficulty in multi-phase differentiation, low temporal and spatial resolution, and insufficient long-term stability during seabed surveys. It is impossible to achieve long-term continuous monitoring of the monitoring area to obtain accurate seabed fluid flux data.

[0003] In summary, the technical problems existing in the relevant technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to propose a fixed fluid flux monitoring device and method based on electric and thermal linkage, which can perform long-term dynamic in-situ monitoring on the seabed, and the monitoring results are more accurate and stable.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage, comprising:

[0006] connecting plate;

[0007] a first measuring plate, the first measuring plate being arranged on one side of the connecting plate;

[0008] a fixed transmitter, the fixed transmitter being arranged on the first measurement board;

[0009] a first fixed receiving unit, the first fixed receiving unit being arranged on the first measuring plate;

[0010] a second measuring plate, the second measuring plate being arranged on the other side of the connecting plate;

[0011] a second fixed receiving unit, the second fixed receiving unit being disposed on the second measurement plate;

[0012] A control compartment, the control compartment being disposed below the connecting plate and being communicatively connected to the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit, and the second fixed receiving unit;

[0013] Among them, the fixed transmitter is used to transmit an electrothermal signal at a fixed position of the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage, and the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit are used to receive the electrothermal signal at a fixed position of the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage.

[0014] In some embodiments, the fixed emitter includes a fixed resistive heating rod, a fixed heat shield, and a fixed emitter electrode, wherein the fixed resistive heating rod and the fixed emitter electrode are separated by the fixed heat shield.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first fixed receiving unit includes a first fixed receiver, a second fixed receiver, and a third fixed receiver; the first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, and the third fixed receiver are respectively arranged at corner areas of the first measurement plate;

[0016] The second fixed receiving unit includes a fourth fixed receiver, a fifth fixed receiver, a sixth fixed receiver, and a seventh fixed receiver, and the fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, and the seventh fixed receiver are respectively disposed at the corner areas of the second measurement plate.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, the third fixed receiver, the fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, and the seventh fixed receiver respectively include a fixed temperature sensor and a fixed receiving electrode.

[0018] In some embodiments, the control chamber includes a circuit control chamber and a thermal circuit control chamber. The circuit control chamber is used to process the electrical signal data obtained by the fixed receiving electrode, and the thermal circuit control chamber is used to process the thermal signal data obtained by the fixed temperature sensor.

[0019] In some embodiments, a lead block and a lifting ring are provided above the connecting plate, the lead block is used to counterweight the fluid flux fixed monitoring device, and the lifting ring is used to move and lift the fluid flux fixed monitoring device.

[0020] In some embodiments, a baffle is provided below the control chamber, and the baffle is used to limit the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage and to protect the control chamber.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage, the method comprising the following steps:

[0022] Determining that the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage reaches the seabed surface and gradually inserting the first measurement plate and the second measurement plate into the seabed, and the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit, and the second fixed receiving unit enter an initial state;

[0023] Controlling the fixed transmitter to start, and controlling the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit to simultaneously receive the electrothermal signal transmitted by the fixed transmitter;

[0024] controlling the control chamber to analyze the electrothermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to a thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix;

[0025] The discrete three-phase volume fraction matrices are integrated to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

[0026] In some embodiments, the controlling the control chamber analyzes the electrothermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to a thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix, comprising the following steps:

[0027] The control compartment acquires the electrical signal data and the thermal signal data of the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit;

[0028] Analyzing the electrical signal data by an electrical method to obtain a regional resistance relationship;

[0029] Analyzing the thermal signal data by a thermal method to obtain a temperature change relationship;

[0030] The regional resistance relationship, the temperature change relationship and the constraint conditions are analyzed simultaneously to obtain the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix.

[0031] In some embodiments, integrating the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrices to obtain an overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area comprises the following steps:

[0032] Obtaining receiving distances from the fixed transmitter to the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit respectively;

[0033] The discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix is ​​analyzed by the receiving distance and distance weighted average method to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

[0034] The embodiments of the present application include at least the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage, in which an electrothermal signal is emitted by a fixed transmitter of a first measuring plate, and a first fixed receiving unit of the first measuring plate and a second fixed receiving unit of the second measuring plate acquire the electrothermal signal in real time, and transmit the electrothermal signal to a control cabin for data processing. The solid-liquid-gas three-phase volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area is calculated through the thermoelectric physical field coupling linkage mechanism and constraint conditions. By performing fixed monitoring of the monitoring area at different time intervals over a long period of time, the dynamic change process of the fluid flux in the monitoring area is indirectly acquired, and long-term dynamic in-situ monitoring of the seabed area can be performed, providing an effective technical means for deep-sea resource exploration, environmental monitoring and disaster warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a fixed transmitter;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first measurement board;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the second measurement board;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a fixed receiver;

[0040] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the accessories of the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on the electric and thermal linkage;

[0041] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of electric heating signal reception;

[0042] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a fixed fluid flux monitoring device with an additional sliding structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application.

[0044] It will be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application may be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0045] The terms "at least one", "plurality", "each", "any", etc. used in this application include "at least one", "two" or more, "plurality" or "each", "any" or "any one", "each" or "any one" as used herein.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage provided in an embodiment of the present application, including: a connecting plate 100, a first measuring plate 200, a fixed transmitter 210, a first fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure), a second measuring plate 300, a second fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) and a control compartment 400. In which, the first measurement plate 200 is arranged on one side of the connecting plate 100, the fixed transmitter 210 and the first fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) are arranged on the first measurement plate 200, the second measurement plate 300 is arranged on the other side of the connecting plate 100, the second fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the second measurement plate 300, and the control chamber 400 is arranged below the connecting plate 100. The control chamber 400 is communicatively connected with the fixed transmitter 210, the first fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure) and the second fixed receiving unit (not shown in the figure). In which, the fixed transmitter is used to transmit electrothermal signals at a fixed position of the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage, and the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit are used to receive electrothermal signals at fixed positions of the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage.

[0048] Specifically, when the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal coupling is in operation, the first measuring plate 200 and the second measuring plate 300 are inserted into the seabed area to be measured. The control chamber 400 controls the fixed transmitter 210 to emit an electrothermal signal. The first fixed receiving unit (not shown) and the second fixed receiving unit (not shown) receive the emitted electrothermal signal and transmit the received electrothermal signal to the control chamber 400. The control chamber 400 processes the signal and calculates the solid-liquid-gas three-phase volume fraction matrix in the monitoring area through the thermoelectric physical field coupling linkage mechanism and constraint conditions. The dynamic change process of the fluid flux in the monitoring area is indirectly obtained, thereby performing long-term dynamic in-situ monitoring of the seabed area.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed transmitter 210, which includes a fixed resistance heating rod 510, a fixed heat shield 520, and a fixed transmitting electrode 530. The fixed resistance heating rod 510 and the fixed transmitting electrode 530 are located within the fixed transmitter 210. The fixed resistance heating rod 510 provides continuous and uniform heating at rated power, while the fixed transmitting electrode 530 is the positive electrode and continuously transmits electrical signals. The fixed resistance heating rod 510 and the fixed transmitting electrode 530 are separated by a fixed heat shield 520 to prevent the temperature rise of the fixed resistance heating rod 510 from affecting the electrical signal transmission of the fixed transmitting electrode 530.

[0050] In some embodiments, in first measurement board 200, a first fixed receiving unit (not shown) includes a first fixed receiver 221, a second fixed receiver 222, and a third fixed receiver 223. Fixed transmitters 210, first fixed receiver 221, second fixed receiver 222, and third fixed receiver 223 are respectively disposed at the four corner regions of first measurement board 200. The corner regions are located at the angles where the four sides of first measurement board 200 intersect. Fixed transmitters 210 are used to transmit electrothermal signals at fixed locations.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the first measurement board 200, Figure 3 Figure 2 shows a fixed transmitter 210, a first fixed receiver 221, a second fixed receiver 222, and a third fixed receiver 223 installed on the first measurement board 200. The first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, and the third fixed receiver 223 are each fixed to the first measurement board 200 and receive the electrothermal signal at a fixed position. The fixed transmitter 210 is also fixed to the first measurement board 200 and transmits the electrothermal signal at a fixed position.

[0052] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4is a schematic diagram of the second measurement board 300, Figure 4 3 shows a fourth fixed receiver 311, a fifth fixed receiver 312, a sixth fixed receiver 313, and a seventh fixed receiver 314 installed on the second measurement board 300. The fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 are respectively fixed to the four corner regions of the second measurement board 300. The corner regions are the angle regions where the four sides of the second measurement board 300 intersect. The fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 respectively and simultaneously receive the electrothermal signal transmitted by the fixed transmitter 210.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a fixed receiver, which includes a fixed temperature sensor 610 and a fixed receiving electrode 620. The fixed temperature sensor 610 can measure and acquire temperature changes in real time. The fixed receiving electrode 620 is a negative electrode, which can receive electrical signals from the positive electrode within the fixed transmitter 210 in real time, thereby forming a current path. The first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 are all identically configured fixed receivers, each including a fixed temperature sensor 610 and a fixed receiving electrode 620.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the accessories of the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage. Figure 6The fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is provided with a lead block 120 and a lifting ring 110 above the connecting plate 100. The lead block 120 is used to add counterweight when the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is sunk to the seabed so that it can reach the preset monitoring area. The lifting ring 110 is used to move and lift the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage by connecting the cable connected to the lifting ring 110 via a carrier when the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is moved and transported. The number of lead blocks 120 can be multiple, so as to solve the problem of providing a suitable counterweight for the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage; the number of lifting rings 110 can be multiple, so as to ensure that the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is stable during the process of moving and lifting the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage when the carrier is carrying the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage. A baffle 800 is provided below the control chamber 400. The baffle 800 is used for inserting the first measuring plate 200 and the second measuring plate 300 below the baffle 800 into the seabed area when the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage is in operation. The baffle 800 limits the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage from going any deeper, so that the baffle 800 and the structure above the baffle 800 are above the seabed surface, providing a limit for the fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electrothermal linkage when it is in operation, and also protecting the control chamber 400.

[0055] In some embodiments, the control compartment 400 includes a circuit control compartment and a thermal circuit control compartment. The circuit control compartment processes data acquired by the fixed receiving electrode 620, while the thermal circuit control compartment processes data acquired by the fixed temperature sensor 610. The circuit control compartment and the thermal circuit control compartment are located below the connection plate 100 and above the baffle 800. Within this space, the baffle 800 and the connection plate 100 provide excellent protection for the circuit control compartment and the thermal circuit control compartment. An ammeter is located within the circuit control compartment to measure the current in each current path in real time. The circuit control compartment and the thermal circuit control compartment can receive and process electrical and thermal data, respectively.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first measurement plate 200 and the second measurement plate 300 are symmetrically positioned about the central axis of the connecting plate 100, the fixed transmitter 210, the first fixed receiver 221 and the second fixed receiver 222 and the third fixed receiver 223 are symmetrically positioned about the central axis of the first measurement plate 200, and the fourth fixed receiver 311, the seventh fixed receiver 314 and the fifth fixed receiver 312 and the sixth fixed receiver 313 are symmetrically positioned about the central axis of the second measurement plate 300.

[0057] In some embodiments, a cable is connected to the lifting ring 110 via a vehicle, and the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is gradually lowered to the seabed. Under the weight of the lead block 120, the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage is gradually inserted into the seabed until the baffle 800 is flush with the seabed surface. At this time, the fixed transmitter 210 on the first measurement plate 200 transmits an electrothermal signal, and the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314 on the first measurement plate 200 and the second measurement plate 300 receive the electrothermal signal in real time. The solid-liquid-gas three-phase volume fractions in the seven measurement directions can be calculated by the thermoelectric physical field coupling linkage mechanism and constraint conditions. At the same time, considering the different contribution rate of each measurement direction to the overall volume fraction, the overall volume fraction of the rectangular monitoring area can be calculated using a distance-weighted method.

[0058] In some embodiments, to facilitate insertion of the electrothermal-coupled fixed fluid flux monitoring device into the seabed until baffle 800 is flush with the seabed surface, the lower ends of first and second measurement plates 200 and 300 are designed in a pointed cone shape, with the tips facing downward. When the electrothermal-coupled fixed fluid flux monitoring device contacts the seabed, the smaller contact area at the lower ends of first and second measurement plates 200 and 300 causes the weight of lead block 120 to gradually increase the pressure on the seabed surface, facilitating insertion.

[0059] In some embodiments, an embodiment of the present application provides another method for fixed fluid flux monitoring based on electrothermal linkage, the method comprising the following steps: determining that the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage reaches the seabed surface and gradually inserting the first measuring plate 200 and the second measuring plate 300 into the seabed, and the fixed transmitter 210, the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit enter the initial state; controlling the fixed transmitter 210 to start, and controlling the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit to simultaneously receive the electrothermal signal emitted by the fixed transmitter; controlling the control chamber to analyze the electrothermal signal received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to the thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix; integrating the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area; performing correlation analysis on the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area and the time period to obtain the fluid flux matrix of the monitoring area.

[0060] Specifically, before obtaining the three-phase volume fraction distribution, a basic assumption is set: the three-phase composite medium measured by the device is a one-dimensional homogeneous medium, which is composed of a uniform mixture of solid phase (sediment, etc.), liquid phase (seawater, etc.), and gas phase (methane, etc.) (this assumption satisfies the effective medium theory); the average volume fractions of the solid, liquid, and gas phases in the nth layer of the monitoring area are 、 、 ; Assume that each calculation or measurement time is The time interval between two adjacent measurements is , a fixed voltage U is applied between the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit, and the series ammeter measures the The current at the moment is , while The regional resistance in the xth measurement direction at the moment is , where the xth measurement direction represents the receiving direction from the fixed transmitter to the first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, the third fixed receiver, the fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, or the seventh fixed receiver; the solid, liquid, and gas three-phase conductivities are calibrated experimentally as follows: 、 、 (generally ≈0), assuming that the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium is ; Through experimental calibration, the specific heat capacities of solid, liquid and gas are 、 、 , the densities are 、 、 , and the thermal conductivities are 、 、 , assuming the effective specific heat capacity of the three-phase composite medium is , the effective density is , the effective thermal conductivity is , ignoring external heat loss, environmental interference and nonlinear effects.

[0061] The constraint conditions are determined according to the characteristics of the area to be measured. Specifically, the constraint conditions are: within the monitoring area, the volume fractions of the three phases satisfy the quantitative relationship: ; The average volume fraction of the three phases satisfies the relationship: At the same time, the average volume fraction of the three phases in the xth measurement direction of the monitoring area satisfies the following formula: .in, represents the volume fraction of solid in the three phases, represents the three-phase volume fraction of the liquid, represents the three-phase volume fraction of the gas.

[0062] Determine the seabed area to be observed and conduct preliminary experiments to calibrate the calculated parameters. Deploy a fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal coupling in the seabed boundary layer. Insert the first and second measurement plates 200 and 300 into the seabed, and initialize the fixed transmitter, first and second fixed receiving units.

[0063] The control chamber analyzes the electric and thermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to the thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix. The method includes the following steps: the control chamber 400 obtains the electric signal data and thermal signal data of the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit; analyzes the electric signal data by an electrical method to obtain a regional resistance relationship; analyzes the thermal signal data by a thermal method to obtain a temperature change relationship; and jointly analyzes the regional resistance relationship, the temperature change relationship and the constraint conditions to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix.

[0064] Specifically, the circuit control compartment and the thermal circuit control compartment in the control compartment 400 respectively receive the electrical signal data and thermal signal data obtained by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit, that is, they respectively receive the electrical signal data and thermal signal data obtained by the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313 and the seventh fixed receiver 314.

[0065] For the circuit control chamber, the electrical signal data is processed, that is, the electrical signal data is analyzed by electrical methods to obtain the regional resistance relationship. Specifically, the stable change of the monitoring regional resistance R is considered, and the three-phase combined effect is considered. Combined with Bruggeman's effective medium theory, the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium is and the volume fraction of the three phases in the x-th measurement direction , , Satisfies the relationship:

[0066] ;

[0067] in, represents the volume fraction of the solid in the x-th measuring direction, represents the volume fraction of the liquid in the xth measurement direction, represents the volume fraction of gas in the xth measurement direction, represents the electrical conductivity of the solid, represents the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium, represents the conductivity of the liquid, Indicates the electrical conductivity of the gas.

[0068] Since gas is almost non-conductive, ≈0, the above formula can be simplified to:

[0069] ;

[0070] in, represents the volume fraction of the solid in the x-th measuring direction, represents the volume fraction of the liquid in the xth measurement direction, represents the volume fraction of gas in the xth measurement direction, represents the electrical conductivity of the solid, represents the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium, represents the conductivity of the liquid, Indicates the electrical conductivity of the gas.

[0071] By solving the above equation, the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium can be obtained , and then through the relationship between resistance and conductivity:

[0072] ;

[0073] in, represents the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium, L represents the length of the monitoring area, A represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the monitoring area, and R represents the resistance.

[0074] Then the regional resistance in the xth measurement direction is It can be calculated by the following formula:

[0075] ;

[0076] in, represents the area resistance in the xth measurement direction, represents the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium, represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the monitoring area between the transmitting end (i.e., the fixed transmitter 210) and the receiving end (i.e., the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, or the seventh fixed receiver 314) in the x-th measurement direction, It represents the distance between the transmitter and receiver of the electrical signal data in the xth measurement direction. The length and width of the flux meter are both L, and the height is h. Then It can be calculated that: ; ; ; ; .

[0077] Establishing regional resistance and The functional relationship between It's about , , The function is:

[0078] ;

[0079] in, represents the effective conductivity of the three-phase composite medium, represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the monitoring area between the transmitter and the receiver in the xth measurement direction, Indicates the distance between the transmitting and receiving ends of the electrical signal data in the xth measurement direction.

[0080] Measure the voltage and current method Regional resistance in the xth measurement direction at time ,Right now:

[0081] ;

[0082] in, Indicates the The regional resistance in the xth measurement direction at the moment, U represents the voltage, Indicates the Current at the moment.

[0083] In summary, combining the above two equations, we can get the regional resistance equation:

[0084] .

[0085] The thermal signal data is analyzed by thermal methods to obtain the temperature change relationship. Specifically, similar to the above electrical method, the three-phase composite medium can adopt Bruggeman effective medium theory, and the effective thermal physical parameters can be calculated by the following formulas:

[0086] Effective thermal conductivity:

[0087] ;

[0088] in, represents the effective thermal conductivity, represents the thermal conductivity of the solid, represents the thermal conductivity of the liquid, represents the thermal conductivity of gas.

[0089] Effective specific heat capacity:

[0090] ;

[0091] in, represents the effective specific heat capacity of the three-phase composite medium, represents the specific heat capacity of the solid, represents the specific heat capacity of the liquid, represents the specific heat capacity of gas.

[0092] Effective density:

[0093] ;

[0094] in, represents the effective density of the three-phase composite medium, represents the density of the solid, represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the gas density.

[0095] From the above effective thermal conductivity , effective specific heat capacity , effective density The thermal diffusivity is calculated as:

[0096] ;

[0097] Among them, the thermal diffusivity Indicates the temperature propagation rate.

[0098] The rated power of the fixed resistance heating rod 510 in the monitoring area is P, and it is continuously and evenly heated. The heat Q generated during this time can be expressed as:

[0099] ;

[0100] The one-dimensional transient heat conduction governing equation is:

[0101] ;

[0102] Wherein, d represents the distance along the heat transfer direction, and the total length of the device from the fixed resistance heating rod 510 to the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit is , then d belongs to ; t represents the heating time of the heat transfer process, Indicates the sign of partial derivative, T represents the temperature at the receiving end, and t represents the time interval.

[0103] By Laplace transform or Green's function method, combined with the heat source conditions, the temperature field distribution along the axial direction of the x-axis is obtained:

[0104] ;

[0105] Where T(d, t) represents the temperature field distribution along the axial direction of the x-axis. represents the initial temperature, A is the cross-sectional area in the heat transfer direction, Q is the heat generated during the heating time, t is the time interval, and d is the distance along the heat transfer direction. Represents a constant.

[0106] From the above formula, we can know that the temperature of the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit is ,Right now:

[0107] ;

[0108] in, represents the cross-sectional area in the xth measurement direction, Q represents the heat generated during the heating time, and t represents the time interval. represents a constant, Indicates the distance between the transmitting and receiving ends of the electrical signal data in the xth measurement direction.

[0109] Heating Second-rate The time is , at this time the temperature of the fixed resistance heating rod 510 is , the fixed temperature sensor 610 temperature is , wherein the fixed resistance heating rod 510 is used a Indicates that the fixed temperature sensor 610 is used Indicates. Then some time ago (heating the m-1th time time), which is At this moment, the temperature of the fixed resistance heating rod 510 is measured to be , the fixed temperature sensor 610 temperature is , then the fixed temperature sensor 610 is Temperature changes over time for:

[0110] ;

[0111] Where m represents the number of heating times, represents the receiving end (fixed temperature sensor 610 with serial number x), It indicates the temperature of the fixed temperature sensor 610 with the serial number x when receiving the heating for the m-1th time.

[0112] set up It's about function, then the dependent variable satisfies:

[0113] ;

[0114] In summary, combining the above two equations, we can get the temperature change relationship within the time interval:

[0115] ;

[0116] The regional resistance relationship, temperature change relationship and constraint conditions are analyzed simultaneously to obtain the three-phase volume fraction matrix of the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313 and the seventh fixed receiver 314, i.e., the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix. Specifically, it is known that the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313 and the seventh fixed receiver 314 are measured by the voltage and current method. Regional resistance in the xth measurement direction at time , obtained from the heat circuit control warehouse and time End time interval Temperature changes within , combined with the constraints, the above three equations are obtained:

[0117] ;

[0118] in, The formula representing the x-th measurement direction of the monitoring area in the constraint condition is: represents the formula obtained by combining electrical methods, This represents the formula obtained by combining thermal methods.

[0119] From this we get Discrete matrix solution of the volume fraction of solid, liquid and gas phases in the monitoring area in the xth measurement direction at time: .

[0120] In some embodiments, the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix is ​​integrated to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area, including the following steps: obtaining the receiving distances from the fixed transmitter 210 to the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit respectively; analyzing the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix by the receiving distance and distance weighted average method to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

[0121] Specifically, if Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7The diagram is a schematic diagram of the electrothermal signal reception. The entire measurement area of ​​the electrothermal-linked fixed fluid flux monitoring device can be considered as a rectangular parallelepiped area. A fixed transmitter 210 is set at a vertex on the top horizontal plane of the electrothermal-linked fixed fluid flux monitoring device, i.e., the transmitting end a' located at the origin of the coordinate axes x, y, and z. Seven fixed receivers are set at the remaining vertices on the same horizontal plane and the bottom horizontal plane of the device, namely, the first fixed receiver 221, the second fixed receiver 222, the third fixed receiver 223, the fourth fixed receiver 311, the fifth fixed receiver 312, the sixth fixed receiver 313, and the seventh fixed receiver 314, i.e., the receiving end. , receiving end , receiving end , receiving end , receiving end , receiving end and the receiving end Then according to the thermoelectric physical field coupling method, we can calculate the distance from the transmitting end a' to the receiving end The matrix solution of the solid, liquid and gas volume fractions in seven measurement directions (y takes the value of 1, 2, ..., 7) takes into account that the volume of the local monitoring area is different due to the different distances from the transmitter to the receiver in each measurement direction, which leads to different contributions to the overall volume fraction. The overall volume fraction is calculated by the distance weighted average method. Then the overall volume fraction matrix of the area monitored by the fixed monitoring device of the fluid flux based on the electrothermal linkage is It can be calculated by the following formula:

[0122] ;

[0123] in, is the straight-line distance from the transmitter to the yth receiver. The length and width of the flux meter are both L, and the height is h. Then It can be calculated that: ; ; ; ; .

[0124] In some embodiments, after obtaining the three-phase volume fraction matrix of the entire monitoring area through the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage, the matrix is ​​multiplied by the volume of the monitoring area to obtain the three-phase volume matrix of the monitoring area. The three-phase volume matrix of the monitoring area is divided by the total time used for monitoring to obtain the fluid flux obtained by the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage in this time period.

[0125] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of a fluid flux fixed monitoring device with an additional sliding structure. On the basis of the above-mentioned fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage provided by the present application, a sliding transmitting unit, a first sliding receiving unit and a second sliding receiving unit can also be provided, wherein the sliding transmitting unit is provided on the first measuring plate, the first sliding receiving unit is also provided on the first measuring plate, and the second sliding receiving unit is provided on the second measuring plate; the control compartment is communicatively connected with the sliding transmitting unit, the first sliding receiving unit and the second sliding receiving unit.

[0126] Specifically, the sliding launch unit includes a first slide rail and a sliding launcher. The first slide rail is arranged on one side of the first measuring plate. The sliding launcher is connected to the first slide rail. The sliding launcher includes a first slider, a first telescopic knot 710, a sliding resistance heating rod, a sliding heat insulation plate and a sliding launch electrode. The sliding resistance heating rod and the sliding launch electrode are separated by the sliding heat insulation plate. One end of the first telescopic knot 710 is connected to the first slider, and the other end of the first telescopic knot 710 is connected to the sliding heat insulation plate, the sliding resistance heating rod and the sliding launch electrode.

[0127] The first sliding receiving unit includes a second sliding rail and a first sliding receiver. The second sliding rail is located on one side of the first measurement plate, and the first sliding receiver is connected to the second sliding rail. The second sliding receiving unit includes a third sliding rail, a second sliding receiver, a fourth sliding rail, and a third sliding receiver. The third sliding rail is located on one side of the second measurement plate, and the second sliding receiver is connected to the third sliding rail. The fourth sliding rail is located on the other side of the second measurement plate, and the third sliding receiver is connected to the fourth sliding rail. The first, second, and third sliding receivers respectively include a second slider, a second expansion joint 720, a sliding temperature sensor, and a sliding receiving electrode. One end of the second expansion joint 720 is connected to the second slider, and the other end of the second expansion joint 720 is connected to the sliding temperature sensor and the sliding receiving electrode.

[0128] In this embodiment, when the device is in operation, a cable is connected to the lifting ring 110 by a carrier, and the fluid flux sliding monitoring device based on the electrothermal linkage is gradually lowered to the seabed surface. Under the weight ballast of the lead block 120, the fluid flux sliding monitoring device based on the electrothermal linkage is gradually inserted into the seabed until the baffle 800 is flush with the seabed surface. The sliding transmitter, the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver and the third sliding receiver are initially located at the top of the sliding rail. At the beginning of the measurement, they slide downward at the same time and remain at the same horizontal plane in real time. When they reach the first layer, they stop sliding. Start measuring the target layer at the moment. After time The measurement is stopped at all times, where the sliding resistance heating rod in the sliding transmitter is continuously and uniformly heated at the rated power, and a fixed voltage is applied between the sliding transmitting electrode and the sliding receiving electrode. According to the thermoelectric physical field coupling linkage mechanism and constraint conditions, it can be calculated The three-phase volume fractions of the target layer in the three measurement directions within the time, namely the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver and the third sliding receiver, can be obtained, and then the average volume fraction distribution of the three phases of the first layer can be obtained. After that, the sliding transmitter and the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver and the third sliding receiver continue to slide down to the second layer at the same time and measure the average volume fraction of the three phases of this layer. Similarly, when sliding to the bottom of the slide rail, the fine overall volume fraction distribution of n layers in the vertical direction can be obtained. The time used for the above measurement process is the measurement cycle , then in another measurement cycle The inner sliding transmitter and the first sliding receiver, the second sliding receiver and the third sliding receiver move from the bottom to the top and measure the fine overall volume fraction during this cycle. The data measured at these two moments can be used to calculate The fluid flux changes over time, and continuous dynamic monitoring of the area can be performed during subsequent measurement cycles. When a sudden change in the overall volume fraction is detected, such as a leak from a submarine cold seep, or when a more detailed measurement of a specific layer is desired, the first and second telescopic joints 710 and 720 between the sliding transmitter and the first, second, and third sliding receivers are extended outward, reducing the area of ​​the monitoring zone at that layer, thereby enabling detailed measurement of smaller areas at any layer. During this process, the electrothermal signal emitted by the sliding transmitter is received only by the first, second, and third sliding receivers, and reception of the electrothermal signal by the first and second fixed receiving units is not affected. The first, second, third, and fourth fixed receivers 221, 222, 223, 311, 312, 313, and 314 fixed receivers receive only the electrothermal signal from the fixed transmitter 210.

[0129] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than shown in the figures, or a combination of certain steps, or different steps.

[0130] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, i.e., they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of this embodiment.

[0131] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps in the methods, systems, and functional modules / units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or appropriate combinations thereof.

[0132] The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0133] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0134] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the above-mentioned units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0135] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0136] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention should be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixed monitoring device for fluid flux based on electric and thermal linkage, characterized in that: include: Connecting plate; a first measuring plate, the first measuring plate being arranged on one side of the connecting plate; A fixed transmitter, the fixed transmitter being disposed on the first measurement board, the fixed transmitter comprising a fixed resistance heating rod, a fixed heat insulation plate, and a fixed transmitting electrode, the fixed resistance heating rod and the fixed transmitting electrode being separated by the fixed heat insulation plate; a first fixed receiving unit, the first fixed receiving unit being disposed on the first measurement plate, the first fixed receiving unit comprising a first fixed receiver, a second fixed receiver, and a third fixed receiver; a second measuring plate, the second measuring plate being arranged on the other side of the connecting plate; a second fixed receiving unit, the second fixed receiving unit being disposed on the second measurement plate, the second fixed receiving unit comprising a fourth fixed receiver, a fifth fixed receiver, a sixth fixed receiver, and a seventh fixed receiver; The fixed receivers on the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit each include a fixed temperature sensor and a fixed receiving electrode; A control compartment is provided below the connecting plate, and includes a circuit control compartment and a thermal circuit control compartment. The circuit control compartment is used to process the electrical signal data acquired by the fixed receiving electrode, and the thermal circuit control compartment is used to process the thermal signal data acquired by the fixed temperature sensor. Among them, the fixed transmitter is used to transmit electrothermal signals, the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit are used to receive the electrothermal signals, and the control cabin analyzes the electrothermal signals received by the seven fixed receivers through the thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix, and integrates the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix into the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area according to the different receiving distances between the fixed transmitter and the seven fixed receivers.

2. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first fixed receiver, the second fixed receiver, and the third fixed receiver are respectively disposed at corner areas of the first measurement plate; The fourth fixed receiver, the fifth fixed receiver, the sixth fixed receiver, and the seventh fixed receiver are respectively disposed at the corner areas of the second measurement plate.

3. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A lead block and a lifting ring are provided above the connecting plate. The lead block is used to counterweight the fluid flux fixed monitoring device, and the lifting ring is used to move and lift the fluid flux fixed monitoring device.

4. The fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A baffle is provided below the control chamber, and the baffle is used to limit the fluid flux fixed monitoring device based on electric and thermal linkage and to protect the control chamber.

5. A method for monitoring fluid flux based on electric and thermal linkage, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Determining that the fixed fluid flux monitoring device based on electrothermal linkage according to any one of claims 1 to 4 reaches the seabed surface and gradually inserting the first measurement plate and the second measurement plate into the seabed, and the fixed transmitter, the first fixed receiving unit, and the second fixed receiving unit enter an initial state; Controlling the fixed transmitter to start, and controlling the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit to simultaneously receive the electrothermal signal transmitted by the fixed transmitter; controlling the control chamber to analyze the electrothermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to a thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix; The discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix is ​​integrated according to different receiving distances between the fixed transmitter and the seven fixed receivers to obtain an overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

6. The method for monitoring fluid flux based on electric and thermal linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control chamber analyzes the electrothermal signals received by the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit according to a thermoelectric physical field coupling method to obtain a discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix, including the following steps: The control compartment acquires the electrical signal data and the thermal signal data of the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit; Analyzing the electrical signal data by an electrical method to obtain a regional resistance relationship; Analyzing the thermal signal data by a thermal method to obtain a temperature change relationship; The regional resistance relationship, the temperature change relationship and the constraint conditions are analyzed simultaneously to obtain the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix.

7. The method for monitoring fluid flux based on electric and thermal linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of integrating the discrete three-phase volume fraction matrices to obtain an overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area comprises the following steps: Obtaining receiving distances from the fixed transmitter to the first fixed receiving unit and the second fixed receiving unit respectively; The discrete three-phase volume fraction matrix is ​​analyzed by the receiving distance and distance weighted average method to obtain the overall volume fraction matrix of the monitoring area.

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