Detection method and device for identifying abnormity of nuclear power unit through parameter comparison

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear power safety protection, and aims to solve the problems that unit parameters deviate from normal operation but are not further deteriorated, and equipment abnormity is difficult to find. The invention discloses a detection method and device for identifying the abnormity of a nuclear power unit through parameter comparison, and the method comprises the steps: formulating a comparison database according to the seawater temperature and a power platform where the unit is located, calculating the upper and lower limits of historical data of parameters and an alarm threshold value, and comparing the real-time data with the selected comparison database after monitoring the operation steady state of the unit. Acquiring real-time operation data of two nuclear power units of the same model, confirming that the two units are in steady-state operation, comparing real-time difference values of all the same parameters one by one, and if the difference values exceed 10% of the measuring range of the instrument, triggering an abnormal alarm; the device comprises a threshold value updating confirmation module, a threshold value modification module, a database threshold value updating comparison module and a nuclear power unit steady state judgment module. According to the invention, the parameter abnormity of the nuclear power unit equipment during the operation and shutdown period can be timely and accurately identified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of nuclear power safety protection, and particularly relates to a detection method and device for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison. Background Art

[0002] The operation of a nuclear power unit is a large-scale complex project that combines multiple disciplines and specialties. When the unit is operating, hundreds of systems need to be monitored, and millions of data messages need to be processed. High-quality parameter monitoring is an important fundamental factor to ensure nuclear safety.

[0003] When abnormalities occur in the equipment of a nuclear power unit, corresponding changes in parameters generally occur. However, the number of systems and parameters that nuclear power operators need to monitor is large, and it is impossible for personnel to monitor parameter changes at all times. The abnormal operation of the equipment may lead to unexpected protection actions, such as load shedding, shutdown, reactor shutdown, etc. Therefore, it is of great significance to promptly detect parameter abnormalities and identify faulty equipment for the stable operation of nuclear power units.

[0004] Currently, the discovery of abnormalities during the operation of nuclear power units mainly relies on the alarm information of the DCS system. Only when a single measured value or a combined quantity of multiple measured values reaches the corresponding threshold will the corresponding alarm be triggered. The ability to identify abnormal changes in unit parameters that do not exceed the alarm threshold is poor, and alarm thresholds are not set for some parameters, making it more difficult to discover equipment abnormalities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a detection method and device for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison, to solve the problem that it is difficult to discover equipment abnormalities when unit parameters deviate from normal operation but do not deteriorate further. By comparing the real-time data of nuclear power units with a comparison database and comparing the real-time data between nuclear power units of the same type, parameter abnormalities during the operation and shutdown of nuclear power unit equipment can be identified promptly and accurately.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, this application provides the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, this application provides a detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison, including: Step 1: Determine the operating power platform, formulate a comparison database based on the seawater temperature and the power platform where the unit is located, calculate the upper and lower limits of parameter historical data and the alarm threshold. After monitoring the unit to reach a steady state of operation, compare the real-time data with the selected comparison database. If the parameter exceeds the alarm limit or breaks through the historical extreme value, an abnormal alarm is triggered respectively; Step 2: Obtain the real-time operating data of two nuclear power units of the same type, confirm that both units are in a steady state of operation, compare the real-time differences of all the same parameters one by one. If the difference exceeds 10% of the instrument range, an abnormal alarm is triggered.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present application, step 1 includes: Step 1.1: Determine the nuclear power unit power comparison platform; Step 1.2: Determine the factors of the unit parameter comparison associated comparison database, and select the comparison database according to the seawater temperature and the power platform where the unit is located; Step 1.3: Formulate the above comparison database: Obtain the historical data of the unit parameters, and use the value-taking method to obtain the comparison database of different seawater temperatures for each power platform; Step 1.4: Obtain the actual operation data of the current nuclear power unit, and determine whether the unit is in a steady operation state; Step 1.5: If the unit is in a steady operation state, select the comparison database according to the seawater temperature value and the power platform where the unit is located, and compare the actual operation data of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database to determine whether the parameters are abnormal; the comparison database contains the upper and lower alarm values and the upper and lower historical data values of each parameter of the unit; Step 1.6: When the actual operation data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower alarm values of the comparison database, issue an abnormal alarm for the deviation of the equipment parameters from the normal operation, reminding the nuclear power operation personnel to pay attention; Step 1.7: When the actual operation data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower historical data values of the comparison database, issue an abnormal alarm, reminding the nuclear power operation personnel that the equipment defect is deteriorating further.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present application, in step 1.1, according to the nuclear power unit power comparison platform, select power platforms A, B, C, D, and E.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present application, the nuclear power unit power comparison platform selects the 100% FP, 77% FP, 50% FP, 15% FP, and 8% FP power platforms, which respectively correspond to the above power platforms A, B, C, D, and E.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present application, in step 1.2, formulate three comparison databases, including: Comparison database one: Seawater temperature < 15°C; Comparison database two: 15°C ≤ seawater temperature ≤ 25°C; Comparison database three: Seawater temperature > 25°C.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, in step 1.3, use the normal distribution 3δ value-taking method to obtain the comparison database of different seawater temperatures for each power platform.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, in step 1.5, compare the actual parameters of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database of the same unit, or with the comparison database of other units of the same model.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present application, step 2 includes: Step 2.1: Obtain the actual operation data of the current nuclear power unit and the nuclear power units of the same type to be compared, and determine whether the unit is in a steady operation state; Nuclear power units of the same type, for example: the units participating in the comparison are both M310 type operating units, or the units participating in the comparison are both Hualong One operating units; Step 2.2: If both of the two nuclear power units of the same type participating in the comparison are in a steady operation state, perform a comparison of all the same parameters of the two nuclear power units, and determine whether an abnormality occurs; Step 2.3: When the difference in parameters between the two nuclear power units exceeds 10% of the range of the parameter instrument, an abnormality alarm is issued to remind the nuclear power operation personnel to pay attention.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present application, in step 2.2, it is determined whether an abnormality occurs by the amount of parameter difference.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a detection device for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison, including: A threshold update confirmation module, which is used for the nuclear power unit operation personnel to update the upper and lower limit values of the corresponding alarm threshold in the comparison database if it is determined that the alarm is not abnormal and the parameter is still in a normal state after an abnormality alarm is issued during parameter comparison; A threshold modification module, which is used for the nuclear power unit operation personnel to modify the upper and lower limit thresholds of the alarm threshold of each parameter in the comparison database; An update comparison database threshold module, which is used for the nuclear power unit to re-obtain the comparison database based on the 3δ value-taking method of normal distribution in combination with the parameter operation data of the previous fuel cycle after a new fuel cycle; A nuclear power unit steady state judgment module, which is used to judge whether the nuclear power unit is in a stable operation state to determine whether parameter comparison can be initiated.

[0016] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. A computer-readable instruction is stored on the memory, and when the processor executes the computer-readable instruction, the detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison described above is implemented.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer-readable instruction is stored, and when the computer-readable instruction is executed, the detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison described above is implemented.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the detection method and device for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison provided by the present application have the following beneficial effects: By means of the technical method of comparing the real-time data of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database, this application discovers that the unit parameters deviate from the historical operation range, generates an early warning when the equipment performance deteriorates but no equipment damage defects have occurred yet, and has the technical effect of prompting the operator to pay attention to the equipment and intervene.

[0019] By means of the technical method of comparing the real-time parameters between nuclear power units of the same model, this application discovers the differences between the operating parameters of the units, facilitates the discovery of the deterioration of the performance of hidden equipment and equipment defects in the units, and has the technical effect of prompting the operator to pay attention to the equipment and intervene.

[0020] By means of the above parameter comparison technical method, this application realizes the technical effect of reducing the probability of shutdown, reactor trip, and load rejection events of nuclear power units, increasing the reliability of equipment, and reducing the losses of enterprises. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the technical description.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the detection method for identifying abnormal nuclear power units through parameter comparison provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the comparison between the real-time data of a nuclear power unit and the comparison database provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 It is a flowchart of the real-time data comparison between nuclear power units of the same model provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device for identifying abnormal nuclear power units through parameter comparison provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the parameter comparison function module provided by an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 It is a schematic hardware structure diagram of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Description of the Reference Numerals: 10. Electronic device; 110. Processor; 120. Memory. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] The following will be further described in detail through specific embodiments.

[0025] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, an embodiment of this application provides a detection method for identifying abnormal nuclear power units through parameter comparison, including comparing the real-time data of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database and comparing the real-time data between nuclear power units of the same model. The above two comparison functions are realized through manual selection, and only one comparison is carried out at a time. The method specifically includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the operating power platforms (A, B, C, D, E), and establish a comparison database according to the seawater temperature (<15°C, 15 - 25°C, >25°C); calculate the upper and lower limits of the historical parameter data and the upper and lower alarm limits using the normal distribution 3δ method; after monitoring the steady operation of the unit, compare the real-time data with the selected comparison database. If the parameters exceed the upper and lower alarm limits or break through the upper and lower limits of the historical data, trigger an abnormal alarm respectively, indicating the risk that the equipment parameters deviate from the normal operation or the trend that the equipment parameters begin to deteriorate. Step 2: Obtain the real-time operation data of two nuclear power units of the same model, and confirm that both units are in steady-state operation; compare the real-time differences of all the same parameters of the two units one by one. If the difference exceeds 10% of the instrument range (after excluding the dynamic process), trigger an abnormal alarm, prompting the operator to check the equipment status or potential defects to ensure timely intervention in the parameter abnormality.

[0026] In one embodiment, the comparison between the real-time data of the nuclear power unit and the historical data in the database includes the following steps: Step 1.1: Determine the power comparison platform of the nuclear power unit. There are differences in the operating parameters of the nuclear power unit under different power platforms. According to the normal operating state of the nuclear power unit, select power platforms A, B, C, D, and E. Such platforms are determined according to different types of this model of nuclear power unit. The specific number of selected power platforms and the power size need to be based on the design document and the unit control regulations.

[0027] Step 1.2: Determine the factors related to the comparison database for comparing the unit parameters. Among them, the comparison parameters are all the parameters of different models of nuclear power units, which vary according to different models of the units. There are about 2,800 comparison parameters for the M310 unit (the specific parameter information is not publicly available). Through analysis, it is known that due to different seasons and weather, the power operation levels of nuclear power units are different, and the ranges of unit operation parameters are inconsistent. Since seasons and weather mainly affect the seawater temperature, it is decided to make a comparison database for each power platform according to the seawater temperature. Each power platform contains the following three comparison databases: Comparison Database 1: Seawater temperature <15°C; Comparison Database 2: 15°C ≤ seawater temperature ≤ 25°C; Comparison Database 3: Seawater temperature >25°C.

[0028] Based on the comparison database divided according to the seawater temperature and the unit, the data range is more refined, and it is easier to detect abnormal equipment parameters. For example, when the environmental temperature is low in winter, the bearing temperature of a certain equipment has exceeded the operation data range in previous winters but has not exceeded the summer operation range. Such problems can be found based on the comparison database divided according to the seawater temperature. Moreover, based on the division by season and outdoor weather temperature, the test data range is poor and there are many false alarms.

[0029] Step 1.3: Obtain the historical data of the unit parameters, and use the normal distribution 3δ value-taking method to obtain the above three comparison databases for each power platform. The comparison databases contain the upper and lower alarm values of each parameter of the unit, as well as the upper and lower values of the historical data. For example, for the radial bearing temperature of the main feed water pump, the values in the comparison database at the 100FP% power platform are as follows: Step 1.4: Obtain the actual operation data of the current nuclear power unit, and judge whether the unit is in a steady operation state to avoid abnormal comparison results caused by the continuous change of dynamic process data. To judge whether the unit is in a steady operation state, it is mainly judged by the nuclear power and electric power of the unit within the required range. For example, for the M310 unit, if the nuclear power is within 97%FP~102%FP and the electric power is within 1050MW~1110MW, it is judged that the unit is in a steady operation state at the 100%FP power platform.

[0030] Step 1.5: If the unit is in a steady operation state, select the comparison database according to the seawater temperature value and the power platform where it is located, and compare the actual operation data of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database. If the actual parameters of the unit exceed the upper and lower alarm value ranges of the comparison database, or exceed the upper and lower value ranges of the historical data, it is judged that the parameters are abnormal, the equipment operation state deteriorates, and an alarm is issued. When the seawater temperature value is less than 15°C, select Comparison Database 1 as the comparison database; when the seawater temperature value is greater than or equal to 15°C and less than or equal to 25°C, select Comparison Database 2 as the comparison database; when the seawater temperature value is greater than 25°C, select Comparison Database 3 as the comparison database.

[0031] Step 1.6: When the actual operation data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower alarm values of the comparison database, an abnormal alarm for equipment parameter deviation from normal operation is issued to remind the nuclear power operation personnel to pay attention.

[0032] Step 1.7: When the actual operation data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower values of the historical data in the comparison database, an abnormal alarm is issued to remind the nuclear power operation personnel that the equipment defect has deteriorated further.

[0033] In one embodiment, the real-time parameter comparison between nuclear power units of the same model includes the following steps: Step 2.1: Obtain the actual operation data of the current nuclear power unit and the nuclear power unit of the same model to be compared soon, and judge whether the unit is in a steady operation state. If it is in a steady operation state, the comparison can be executed; if it is not in a steady operation state, the parameters are not completely stable at this time, and the comparison is not executed temporarily to avoid abnormal comparison results caused by the continuous change of dynamic process data. Nuclear power units of the same model, for example: the units participating in the comparison are all M310 model operating units, or the units participating in the comparison are all Hualong One operating units.

[0034] Step 2.2: If both nuclear power units of the same model are in a steady operation state, perform a comparison of all the same parameters of the two nuclear power units, and determine whether there is an abnormality based on the parameter difference.

[0035] Step 2.3: When the parameter difference between the two nuclear power units exceeds 10% of the parameter instrument range, an abnormal alarm is issued to remind the nuclear power operation personnel to pay attention.

[0036] In one embodiment, the number of relevant parameters of a nuclear power unit is about 2,800, including parameters such as the temperature, pressure, volume, liquid level, power, and valve opening of each system of the nuclear power unit.

[0037] In one embodiment, the parameters of the nuclear power unit can be compared not only with the comparison database of this unit, but also with the comparison databases of other units, but only for nuclear power units of the same model.

[0038] In one embodiment, the nuclear power unit power comparison platform takes the 100% FP, 77% FP, 50% FP, 15% FP, and 8% FP power platforms, which respectively correspond to the A, B, C, D, and E power platforms described above.

[0039] In addition, based on the above detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a detection device for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison, including: A threshold update confirmation module, which is used for nuclear power unit operation personnel to update the upper and lower limit values of the comparison database alarm and the upper and lower limit values of the historical data if it is determined that the alarm is not abnormal and the parameters are still in a normal state after an abnormal alarm is issued during parameter comparison; A threshold modification module, which is used for nuclear power unit operation personnel to modify the upper and lower threshold values of the alarm threshold of each parameter in the comparison database; An updated comparison database threshold module, which is used for nuclear power unit operation personnel to re-obtain the comparison database based on the 3δ value-taking method of normal distribution in combination with the parameter operation data of the previous fuel cycle after the nuclear power unit undergoes a new fuel cycle; A nuclear power unit steady state judgment module, which is used to judge whether the nuclear power unit is in a stable operation state to determine whether parameter comparison can be initiated.

[0040] The detection device for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison provided in the above embodiment can implement the technical solutions described in the above method embodiments. The specific implementation principles of the above modules can be referred to the corresponding content in the above method embodiments, and will not be elaborated here.

[0041] In addition, as Figure 6As shown in the figure, the present application also provides an electronic device 10, including one or more processors 110 and a memory 120. A computer-readable instruction is stored on the memory 120. When the processor 110 executes the computer-readable instruction, the above-mentioned detection method for identifying abnormal conditions of a nuclear power unit by parameter comparison is implemented. The processor 110 and the memory 120 can be connected through a bus or other means. Figure 6 Here, taking the connection through a bus as an example.

[0042] The processor 110 is used to complete various control logics of the electronic device 10. It can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a single-chip microcomputer, an ARM (Acorn RISC Machine), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination of these components. Additionally, the processor 110 can also be any conventional processor, microprocessor, or state machine.

[0043] The memory 120, as a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer-executable programs, and modules.

[0044] In addition, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable instruction is stored on the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer-readable instruction is executed, the above-mentioned detection method for identifying abnormal conditions of a nuclear power unit by parameter comparison is implemented.

[0045] The computer-readable medium includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data.

[0046] The above are only the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units by parameter comparison, characterized in that, Including: Step 1: Determine the operating power platform, select the corresponding comparison database according to the seawater temperature, calculate the upper and lower limits of the parameter historical data and the alarm threshold. After monitoring the unit to reach a steady state of operation, compare the real-time data with the selected comparison database. If the parameter exceeds the alarm limit or breaks through the historical extreme value, trigger an abnormal alarm respectively; Step 2: Obtain the real-time operating data of two nuclear power units of the same model, confirm that both units are in a steady state of operation, compare the real-time differences of all the same parameters one by one. If the difference exceeds 10% of the instrument range, trigger an abnormal alarm.

2. The detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units by parameter comparison according to claim 1, wherein Step 1 includes: Step 1.1: Determine the power comparison platform for the nuclear power unit; Step 1.2: Determine the factors of the comparison database for unit parameter correlation, and select the comparison database based on the seawater temperature and the power platform where the unit is located; Step 1.3: Obtain the historical data of the unit parameters, and use the value-taking method to obtain the comparison database of different seawater temperatures for each power platform; Step 1.4: Obtain the actual operating data of the current nuclear power unit, and judge whether the unit is in a steady state of operation; Step 1.5: If the unit is in a steady state of operation, select the comparison database according to the seawater temperature value and the power platform where the unit is located, and compare the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database to judge whether the parameter is abnormal; the comparison database contains the upper and lower alarm values and the upper and lower historical data values of each parameter of the unit; Step 1.6: When the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower alarm values of the comparison database, issue an abnormal alarm for the deviation of the equipment parameters from the normal operation, reminding the nuclear power operation personnel to pay attention; Step 1.7: When the actual operating data of the nuclear power unit exceeds the upper and lower historical data values of the comparison database, issue an abnormal alarm, reminding the nuclear power operation personnel that the equipment defect has deteriorated further.

3. The detection method for identifying abnormalities of a nuclear power unit by parameter comparison according to claim 2, characterized in that, In Step 1.1, according to the power comparison platform of the nuclear power unit, select the power platforms of A, B, C, D, and E.

4. The detection method for identifying abnormal conditions of nuclear power units by parameter comparison according to claim 3, characterized in that, The power comparison platform of the nuclear power unit selects the power platforms of 100% FP, 77% FP, 50% FP, 15% FP, and 8% FP, corresponding to the above-mentioned power platforms of A, B, C, D, and E respectively.

5. The detection method for identifying abnormal conditions of a nuclear power unit by parameter comparison according to claim 2, wherein In Step 1.2, three comparison databases are formulated, including: Comparison Database 1: Seawater temperature < 15°C; Comparison Database 2: 15°C ≤ seawater temperature ≤ 25°C; Comparison Database 3: Seawater temperature > 25°C.

6. The detection method for identifying abnormal conditions of a nuclear power unit by parameter comparison according to claim 2, characterized in that, In Step 1.3, use the 3δ value-taking method of normal distribution to obtain the comparison database of different seawater temperatures for each power platform.

7. The detection method for identifying abnormal conditions of a nuclear power unit by parameter comparison according to claim 2, wherein In Step 1.5, compare the actual parameters of the nuclear power unit with the comparison database of this unit, or with the comparison database of other nuclear power units of the same model.

8. The detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units by parameter comparison according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2 includes: Step 2.1: Obtain the actual operating data of the current nuclear power unit and the nuclear power unit of the same model to be compared, judge whether the unit is in a steady state of operation. If it is in a steady state of operation, the comparison can be performed. If it is not in a steady state of operation, the parameters are not fully stable at this time, and the comparison is not performed temporarily; Step 2.2: If both of the two nuclear power units of the same model participating in the comparison are in a steady state of operation, perform the comparison of all the same parameters of the two nuclear power units to judge whether there is an abnormality; Step 2.3: When the difference between the parameters of the two nuclear power units exceeds 10% of the range of the parameter instrument, an abnormal alarm is issued to remind the nuclear power operation personnel to pay attention.

9. The detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units by parameter comparison according to claim 8, characterized in that, In Step 2.2, it is determined whether an abnormality occurs based on the parameter difference.

10. A detection device for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units by parameter comparison, characterized in that, The detection method for identifying abnormalities in nuclear power units through parameter comparison according to any one of claims 1-9 includes: A threshold update confirmation module, which is used for nuclear power unit operation personnel to update the upper and lower limit values of the corresponding alarm threshold in the comparison database if it is determined that the alarm is not abnormal and the parameters are still in the normal state after an abnormal alarm is issued in parameter comparison. A threshold modification module, which is used for nuclear power unit operation personnel to modify the upper and lower threshold values of the alarm thresholds of each parameter in the comparison database. An updated comparison database threshold module, which is used for the nuclear power unit to re-obtain the comparison database based on the 3δ value-taking method of normal distribution by combining the parameter operation data of the previous fuel cycle after a new fuel cycle. A nuclear power unit steady-state judgment module, which is used to judge whether the nuclear power unit is in a stable operation state to determine whether parameter comparison can be initiated.

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