Coreless motor rotor and coreless motor

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coreless motor rotor and a coreless motor, and relates to the technical field of motors, including a motor housing unit, a rotor heat dissipation assembly, and a rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly; the motor housing unit is respectively provided with a rotor heat dissipation assembly and a rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly, and the rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly is provided inside the rotor heat dissipation assembly, and utilizes micron-level needle-shaped protrusions in conjunction with the turbulent effect of the liquid flow of the phase change pad to improve the heat conduction efficiency and effectively reduce the contact thermal resistance, and the spiral design of the spiral flow channel extends the flow path of the phase change coolant, and combined with the gradual change of the flow channel cross section, the flow velocity and pressure change at the condensation chamber entrance, thereby enhancing the gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange, thereby improving the condensation efficiency, and at the same time, the convection fan and the guide tube form an external forced airflow, which flows through the heat dissipation fins of the casing and the micron-level needle-shaped protrusions, takes away the heat outside the motor, and forms a "inner suction and outer exhaust" dual heat dissipation path with the internal phase change cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a coreless motor rotor and a coreless motor. Background Art

[0002] Because of their ironless design, coreless motors have a much lower moment of inertia than iron-core motors while also being compact. Their stable operation, ease of control, and compact size make them ideal for use in small devices, particularly robots.

[0003] The current mainstream research and development ideas of hollow cup motors are to provide torque while ensuring a certain rigidity and protection while being extremely lightweight. Therefore, the bracket is made of plastic and the coil is treated with a paint dipping process.

[0004] Currently, coreless motors have no core, a compact structure, and limited heat dissipation paths. Existing solutions (such as plastic brackets + varnished coils) have the following problems:

[0005] 1. The thermal conductivity of the plastic bracket is only 0.2-0.5W / m・K (20-400W / m・K for the metal bracket). The winding heat cannot be dissipated through the bracket, causing the coil temperature to easily exceed 120°C. This puts the permanent magnet at risk of demagnetization (the critical demagnetization temperature of NdFeB is ≥300°C, but long-term high temperature accelerates aging). Metal thermal conductivity relies on sensible heat exchange and cannot cope with sudden high heat (such as motor startup and high load). This can easily lead to local overheating, limiting the increase in power density. Furthermore, the mechanical pump driving the coolant has the risk of wear and leakage, making maintenance complex and unsuitable for high-precision or harsh environments.

[0006] 2. The traditional varnish dipping process forms a closed varnish layer on the coil, which restricts air convection and results in natural heat dissipation efficiency of only 1 / 5 of forced heat dissipation. During high-speed operation (e.g., 10,000 rpm), the temperature rise rate reaches 5°C / min. At the same time, the compact structure of the coreless motor limits the heat dissipation space, making it difficult for traditional air cooling to penetrate deep inside. The air thermal resistance between the winding end and the permanent magnet is high, resulting in a single heat dissipation path.

[0007] 3. The gap (air gap) between the winding end and the permanent magnet is only 0.5-1mm. Heat easily accumulates here, forming a local hot spot (the temperature difference can reach more than 20°C), causing premature failure of the insulating paint (lifespan shortened to less than 500 hours). It is unable to dynamically match the heat dissipation requirements under different working conditions, resulting in energy waste at low load and insufficient heat dissipation at high load. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hollow cup motor rotor and a hollow cup motor to solve the problems raised in the above background technology during the use of the hollow cup motor, such as low heat conduction efficiency, insufficient convection heat dissipation and difficult-to-solve hot spot concentration.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a coreless motor rotor, comprising:

[0010] A motor housing unit; a rotor heat dissipation assembly and a rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly are respectively installed inside the motor housing unit, and the rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly is installed inside the rotor heat dissipation assembly;

[0011] The rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly comprises:

[0012] The spiral microchannel shaft has a spiral flow channel inside for introducing phase change coolant;

[0013] The self-driven circulation unit is integrated and installed at the left and right ends of the spiral microchannel shaft, including a micro magnetohydrodynamic pump and a condensation chamber, wherein micro fins are installed inside the condensation chamber;

[0014] The magnetic levitation guide ring is installed on the left and right ends of the spiral microchannel shaft to drive the phase change coolant to flow in a directional manner and reduce eddy current losses.

[0015] Preferably, the condensation chamber is located at the middle end of the spiral microchannel shaft, the flow channel cross section of the spiral flow channel extends from the shaft end to the condensation chamber and is connected to the surface of the condensation chamber, and the flow channel cross section gradually changes from circular to trapezoidal.

[0016] Preferably, a flow guide cavity is installed outside the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump, an outlet end of the side surface of the flow guide cavity is connected to a tapered flow guide groove, and a stator and rotor structure is installed on the side surface of the flow guide cavity.

[0017] Preferably, electromagnetic coil columns are evenly arranged on the side end surface of the guide cavity, a magnetic field sensor is installed inside the electromagnetic coil column, the outside of the magnetic levitation guide ring is non-contactly connected with a ring groove, the electromagnetic coil column is used to monitor and control the suspension gap between the magnetic levitation guide ring and the ring groove in real time, and the ring groove is arranged inside the spiral microchannel shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the side ends of the stator and rotor structures are connected with return pipes, the side ends of the return pipes are connected with the surface of the condensation chamber, and the connecting ends of the return pipes and the condensation chambers are internally provided with shape memory metal temperature control valves.

[0019] Preferably, the side end of the return pipe is connected to the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump through the stator and rotor structure, and convection control valves are equally distributed around the surface of the diversion cavity.

[0020] Preferably, a commutator coil and a carbon brush are respectively sleeved on the outside of the other side end of the spiral microchannel shaft.

[0021] Preferably, the rotor heat dissipation assembly includes a coil winding and a permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is arranged inside the coil winding, there is a gap between the coil winding and the permanent magnet, the inside of the gap is filled with a composite phase change pad, and micron-sized needle-shaped protrusions are evenly distributed on the surface of the permanent magnet.

[0022] Coreless motor, including:

[0023] A convection fan and the rotor.

[0024] Preferably, the motor housing unit includes a casing, a guide tube and a front connection cover, the guide tube is arranged inside the casing, and the front connection cover is connected to one end of the convection fan.

[0025] In the present invention, the rotor heat dissipation component and the rotor shaft heat dissipation component cooperate to dissipate heat when the coreless motor rotor is in operation. The motor housing unit generates heat, and the rotor heat dissipation component and the rotor shaft heat dissipation component work together to dissipate heat. In the rotor shaft heat dissipation component, a micro magnetohydrodynamic pump drives the phase change coolant to circulate in the spiral flow channel of the spiral microchannel shaft body. The coolant absorbs the heat generated by the motor during the flow process, and then enters the condensation chamber through the tapered guide groove. In the condensation chamber, the micro fins accelerate the heat dissipation of the coolant, causing it to cool back to liquid state. The cooled coolant flows back to the spiral flow channel through the reflux pipe. In the process, it continues to participate in the circulation. The magnetic levitation guide ring ensures the directional flow of the coolant and reduces eddy current loss. At the same time, the electromagnetic coil column and the magnetic field sensor monitor and adjust the suspension gap of the magnetic levitation guide ring in real time to ensure its stable operation. The shape memory metal temperature control valve and the convection control valve automatically adjust the coolant flow and convection according to the coolant temperature and the motor operating status to achieve efficient and precise heat dissipation control. The commutator coil and carbon brushes ensure the normal commutation and rotation of the motor. The entire system effectively solves the heat dissipation problem of the hollow cup motor rotor through the coordinated work of various components, and improves the performance and reliability of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the coreless motor rotor and the coreless motor of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the motor housing unit in the coreless motor rotor of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of a rotor heat dissipation component in a coreless motor rotor according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the installation positions of the commutator coil and carbon brush in a coreless motor rotor according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of a rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly in a coreless motor rotor according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly in a coreless motor rotor of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of a rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly in a coreless motor rotor according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 The present invention is a hollow cup motor rotor Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0034] Figure 9 The present invention is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a rotor heat dissipation assembly in a coreless motor rotor.

[0035] In the figure: 100, convection fan; 200, motor housing unit; 201, front connection cover; 202, guide tube; 203, casing; 300, rotor heat dissipation assembly; 301, coil winding; 302, permanent magnet; 303, composite phase change pad; 304, micron-level needle-shaped protrusion; 400, commutator coil; 500, carbon brush; 600, rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly; 601, spiral microchannel shaft; 602, spiral flow channel; 603, condensation chamber; 604, micro fins; 605, guide chamber; 606, micro magnetohydrodynamic pump; 607, tapered guide groove; 608, electromagnetic coil column; 609, link; 610, ring groove; 611, magnetic levitation guide ring; 612, stator and rotor structure; 613, convection control valve; 614, return pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation regulations described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1: In the embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 - Figure 3 and Figure 5 - Figure 8 As shown: a coreless motor rotor, comprising a motor housing unit 200, a rotor heat dissipation assembly 300 and a rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly 600. The motor housing unit 200 provides installation space and structural support for the rotor heat dissipation assembly 300 and the rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly 600.

[0038] The rotor heat sink assembly 300 and the rotor shaft heat sink assembly 600 are mounted inside the motor housing unit 200. The rotor shaft heat sink assembly 600 is mounted inside the rotor heat sink assembly 300. When the motor is running, Joule heat is generated by the current flowing through it. Especially under high-speed or high-load conditions, the heat generation power increases significantly. Under high-load conditions, the rotor heat sink assembly 300 and the rotor shaft heat sink assembly 600 form a "heat storage-conduction-circulation-regulation" closed loop, effectively suppressing sudden temperature rises and controlling the temperature of the motor's core components within a safe threshold. This also reduces energy consumption and improves the motor's continuous operation reliability and lifespan.

[0039] The rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly 600 includes:

[0040] The spiral microchannel shaft 601 has a spiral flow channel 602 formed therein for introducing a phase-change coolant. The spiral design of the spiral flow channel 602 increases the flow path and time of the phase-change coolant within the spiral microchannel shaft 601, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency. After absorbing heat, the phase-change coolant undergoes a phase change, removing a large amount of heat.

[0041] The self-driven circulation unit is integrated and installed at the left and right ends of the spiral microchannel shaft 601, and includes a micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606 and a condensation chamber 603. Micro fins 604 are installed inside the condensation chamber 603. The micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606 uses the motion characteristics of the magnetic fluid under the action of the magnetic field to drive the phase change coolant to circulate. The magnetic field is generated by electromagnetic induction, so that the magnetic fluid flows under the action of the Lorentz force, thereby driving the phase change coolant to circulate. The micro fins 604 greatly increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the condensation chamber 603. When the phase change coolant that absorbs heat enters the condensation chamber 603, the micro fins 604 can quickly dissipate the heat, that is, the phase change coolant undergoes a phase change after absorbing the heat, that is, from liquid to gas. After entering the condensation chamber 603, the heat is dissipated through the micro fins 604, so that the gaseous coolant quickly releases heat after contacting the micro fins 604 and re-condenses into liquid so that it can participate in the circulation again.

[0042] The magnetic levitation guide ring 611 is installed on the left and right end shaft surfaces of the spiral microchannel shaft 601 and is used to drive the directional flow of the phase change coolant. That is, during the installation operation of the magnetic levitation guide ring 611, high-performance permanent magnetic materials or electromagnetic coils are used, and through micro-nano processing, the dimensional accuracy of the magnetic levitation guide ring 611 and the accuracy of the magnetic field distribution installation are ensured, so that the Lorentz force generated by electromagnetic induction on the phase change coolant can make the phase change coolant flow in a predetermined direction, thereby driving its directional flow, and enabling the magnetic levitation guide ring 611 to guide the phase change coolant to flow smoothly and orderly through optimized magnetic field control, avoiding the formation of eddy currents, thereby reducing eddy current losses.

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the condensation chamber 603 is located at the middle end of the spiral microchannel shaft 601, and the flow channel cross-section of the spiral flow channel 602 extends from the shaft end to the condensation chamber 603 and is connected to the surface of the condensation chamber 603. The flow channel cross-section gradually changes from a circle to a trapezoid, so that the phase change coolant can achieve different flow rates and pressure distributions according to different positions and needs during the flow process, thereby further optimizing the heat exchange process. For example, in the flow channel with a circular cross-section at the shaft end, the phase change coolant can enter more smoothly, while in the trapezoidal cross-section flow channel close to the condensation chamber 603, due to the change in cross-sectional area, the flow rate and pressure of the phase change coolant will change, which is conducive to better heat exchange with the condensation chamber 603. When the phase change coolant flows from the circular cross-section flow channel at the shaft end to the trapezoidal cross-section flow channel close to the condensation chamber 603, the flow rate will decrease, that is, when the flow rate becomes smaller, the phase change coolant will stop in the flow channel close to the condensation chamber 603. The longer residence time allows the phase-change coolant to have sufficient time to exchange heat with the condensation chamber 603, and can more fully transfer the heat it carries to the condensation chamber 603, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the trapezoidal cross-section is more conducive to increasing the contact area between the coolant and the flow channel wall (i.e., the surface of the condensation chamber 603) compared to the circular cross-section, thereby forming a larger contact area for heat transfer, so that heat can be more efficiently transferred from the coolant to the condensation chamber 603. At the same time, when the phase-change coolant gradually changes from a circular cross-section to a trapezoidal cross-section, the flow rate and pressure will change, and the changes in flow rate and pressure will produce certain disturbances in the phase-change coolant, promote mixing inside the phase-change coolant, help break the temperature stratification inside the phase-change coolant, make the overall temperature of the phase-change coolant more uniform, so that more phase-change coolant molecules can participate in the heat exchange process, and further improve the heat exchange effect.

[0044] A guide cavity 605 is installed on the outside of the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606, and the outlet end of the side surface of the guide cavity 605 is connected to a tapered guide groove 607. The side surface of the guide cavity 605 is provided with a stator and rotor structure 612. The micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606 guides the liquid coolant from the condensation chamber 603 through the return pipe 614, so that the guide cavity 605 can enable the liquid coolant to flow in a predetermined direction and path after being guided from the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606, ensuring that the liquid coolant can be accurately delivered to the tapered guide groove 607, and delivered to the gap between the coil winding 301 and the permanent magnet 302 through the tapered guide groove 607, further absorbing the heat generated by the coil winding 301.

[0045] In some embodiments, as Figure 6As shown, electromagnetic coil columns 608 are evenly arranged on the side surface of the guide cavity 605, and a magnetic field sensor is arranged inside the electromagnetic coil column 608. The outside of the magnetic suspension guide ring 611 is non-contactly connected with a ring groove 610. The electromagnetic coil column 608 is used to monitor and control the suspension gap between the magnetic suspension guide ring 611 and the ring groove 610 in real time. A link 609 is arranged on the outside of the ring groove 610. The link 609 is arranged on the surface of the spiral microchannel shaft 601. The magnetic suspension guide ring 611 is suspended by electromagnetic force, avoiding direct contact with the surface of the spiral microchannel shaft 601, reducing friction and wear. At the same time, it can It can drive the phase-change coolant to flow in a directional manner and reduce eddy current losses. During the flow of the phase-change coolant, the magnetic levitation guide ring 611 can adjust the flow direction and flow rate of the phase-change coolant as needed, so that the phase-change coolant is more evenly distributed in the spiral flow channel 602, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. It can also enable the magnetic field sensor to monitor the suspension gap between the magnetic levitation guide ring 611 and the ring groove 610 in real time, and feed back the monitoring data to the external PLC controller, so that the external PLC controller adjusts the current size and direction of the electromagnetic coil column 608 according to the feedback information, thereby accurately regulating the suspension gap of the magnetic levitation guide ring 611 and ensuring its stable operation.

[0046] The side end of the stator-rotor structure 612 is connected to a return pipe 614, and the side end of the return pipe 614 is connected to the surface of the condensing chamber 603. A shape memory metal temperature control valve is installed inside the connecting end of the return pipe 614 and the condensing chamber 603. The stator-rotor structure 612 is mainly used to connect and guide the flow of phase change coolant in the coolant circulation system. When the coolant temperature is high, the valve opening increases, allowing more coolant to quickly flow into the condensing chamber 603 for cooling. When the coolant temperature is low, the valve opening decreases, reducing the flow of coolant to achieve energy saving and precise temperature control.

[0047] The side end of the return pipe 614 is connected to the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606 through the stator and rotor structure 612. Convection control valves 613 are equally distributed around the surface of the guide cavity 605. The convection control valves 613 can adjust the convection of the phase change coolant in the guide cavity 605 according to the operating status and heat dissipation requirements of the motor, thereby further optimizing the flow path and heat exchange efficiency of the phase change coolant.

[0048] The other side of the spiral microchannel shaft 601 is respectively provided with a commutator coil 400 and a carbon brush 500. The commutator coil 400 and the carbon brush 500 are key components for the motor to realize the commutation function. During the operation of the motor, the carbon brush 500 contacts the commutator coil 400 and continuously changes the direction of the current, so that the motor can rotate continuously and stably.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, specifically: first, the spiral flow channel 602 inside the spiral microchannel shaft 601 is extended in a spiral shape, so that the phase change coolant (liquid) flows in from the shaft end (the inlet end of the side end of the spiral microchannel shaft 601), flows along the spiral path to the condensation chamber 603, and the spiral structure of the spiral flow channel 602 extends the flow path, increases the contact time between the phase change coolant and the spiral microchannel shaft 601, and improves the heat exchange efficiency. When the motor is running, the heat generated by the spiral microchannel shaft 601 and the surrounding components is conducted to the phase change coolant inside the spiral flow channel 602, so that the phase change coolant absorbs heat and gradually heats up until a phase change (liquid → gas) occurs, taking away a large amount of heat.

[0050] The condensation chamber 603 is located at the middle end of the spiral microchannel shaft 601, wherein the flow cross section of the spiral flow channel 602 gradually changes from a circular shape at the shaft end to a trapezoidal shape, so that the flow rate and pressure of the gaseous coolant change, thereby enhancing the heat exchange with the inner wall of the condensation chamber 603.

[0051] The microfins 604 inside the condensation chamber 603 significantly increase the heat dissipation area. After the cooling gas contacts the microfins 604, the heat is quickly released and condensed back into liquid. (The microfins 604 adopt a high-density array structure with a fin height of 0.5-2mm and a spacing of 0.2-0.5mm, which increases the effective heat dissipation area of ​​the condensation chamber 603 compared to the smooth wall surface.) Then, the magnetic suspension guide ring 611 is suspended by electromagnetic force at both ends of the spiral microchannel shaft 601, that is, inside the annular groove 610, non-contact driving the liquid phase change coolant to flow in a directional manner, reducing eddy current losses. At the same time, the flow direction and flow rate are adjusted according to the instructions of the external PLC controller to optimize the flow distribution.

[0052] The magnetic field sensor built into the electromagnetic coil column 608 monitors the suspension gap between the magnetic suspension guide ring 611 and the ring groove 610 in real time, and feeds back to the external PLC controller to dynamically adjust the electromagnetic coil current inside the electromagnetic coil column 608 to ensure suspension stability and reduce mechanical wear.

[0053] At the same time, the temperature control valve at the connection between the return pipe 614 and the condensing chamber 603 can automatically adjust the opening according to the temperature of the coolant. It can be fully opened to accelerate cooling at high temperatures and limit the flow to save energy at low temperatures.

[0054] Among them, the convection control valve 613 on the surface of the guide cavity 605 adjusts the convection intensity of the coolant in the guide cavity according to the motor load and heat dissipation requirements, so as to avoid local overheating at high load or energy waste at low load, so that the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606 guides the liquid coolant from the condensation cavity 603 through the return pipe 614, and transports it from the tapered guide groove 607 to the gap between the coil winding 301 and the permanent magnet 302, so as to further absorb the heat generated by the coil winding 301.

[0055] In some embodiments, as Figure 9 As shown, the rotor heat dissipation assembly 300 includes a coil winding 301 and a permanent magnet 302. The permanent magnet 302 is arranged inside the coil winding 301. There is a gap between the coil winding 301 and the permanent magnet 302. The inside of the gap is filled with a composite phase change pad 303. Micron-level needle-shaped protrusions 304 are evenly distributed on the surface of the permanent magnet 302.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, more specifically: when the motor is running, the coil winding 301 generates Joule heat through the current, especially under high-speed or high-load conditions, the heating power increases significantly, and the permanent magnet 302 generates hysteresis loss and eddy current loss in the alternating magnetic field, which is converted into heat energy release.

[0057] The gap between the coil winding 301 and the permanent magnet 302 is then filled with a composite phase change pad 303 (e.g., a solid-liquid phase change material with high latent heat properties). When the temperature rises to the melting point of the phase change material, the composite phase change pad 303 absorbs a large amount of heat and undergoes a phase change (solid to liquid). This efficient absorption of heat through the latent heat of the phase change suppresses local temperature rise. The composite phase change pad 303 fits tightly to the surfaces of the coil winding 301 and the permanent magnet 302, eliminating air gaps (air has low thermal conductivity and easily forms thermal resistance), and quickly conducts heat to the permanent magnet 302 and the spiral microchannel shaft 601.

[0058] Furthermore, the micron-sized needle-like protrusions 304 (such as needle-like fins) evenly distributed on the surface of the permanent magnet 302 expand the surface area by 3 to 5 times, thereby increasing the contact area with the composite phase change pad 303 and the surrounding coolant, thereby enhancing the heat conduction efficiency. Furthermore, the micron-sized needle-like protrusions 304 can induce local turbulence when the phase change pad flows (in the liquid phase) or condenses gas, thereby destroying the boundary layer, reducing thermal resistance, and further improving the heat dissipation effect. The permanent magnet 302 conducts heat to the outer wall of the spiral microchannel shaft 601 through the micron-sized needle-like protrusions 304.

[0059] Heat transfer from the rotor heat dissipation assembly 300 to the rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly 600:

[0060] The phase-change coolant (liquid) within the spiral microchannel shaft 601 absorbs heat through the spiral flow channel 602, initiating a phase change cycle (liquid to gas). The micro-magnetic fluid pump 606 then drives the gaseous coolant through the guide cavity 605 and the tapered guide groove 607, flowing through the gap between the coil winding 301 and the permanent magnet 302, absorbing residual heat and carrying it to the condensation chamber 603. After entering the condensation chamber 603, the gaseous coolant contacts the microfins 604, releasing heat and condensing into a liquid state. The high surface area design of the microfins 604 accelerates heat exchange, allowing the coolant to quickly return to a liquid state. The shape-memory metal temperature control valve within the return pipe 614 adjusts its opening according to the coolant temperature, increasing the flow rate at high temperatures and reducing it at low temperatures, ensuring that the coolant within the spiral flow channel 602 always maintains optimal phase change efficiency. Simultaneously, the magnetic suspension guide ring 611 controls the flow direction of the liquid coolant through electromagnetic force, evenly distributing it throughout the spiral flow channel 602 and preventing local overheating due to uneven flow.

[0061] The overall system effectively suppresses sudden temperature rise and avoids performance degradation caused by local hot spots. The micron-sized needle-shaped protrusions 304 are used in conjunction with the turbulent effect of the phase change pad liquid flow to improve the heat conduction efficiency and effectively reduce the contact thermal resistance. The spiral design of the spiral flow channel 602 extends the flow path of the phase change coolant. Combined with the gradual change of the flow channel cross-section (circular → trapezoidal), the flow velocity and pressure changes (Bernoulli effect) at the entrance of the condensation chamber 603 enhance the gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange, thereby improving the condensation efficiency. At the same time, the convection fan 100 and the guide tube 202 form an external forced airflow, which flows through the chassis cooling fins and the micron-sized needle-shaped protrusions 304, takes away the heat from the outside of the motor, and forms a "internal suction and external exhaust" dual heat dissipation path with the internal phase change cycle.

[0062] Example 2: The embodiment of the present application also provides a hollow cup motor, which includes the hollow cup motor rotor and the convection fan 100 in Example 1 of the present application; the motor housing unit 200 of the hollow cup motor rotor is installed in the middle of the convection fan 100.

[0063] The motor housing unit 200 includes a casing 203 , a guide tube 202 and a front connection cover 201 . The guide tube 202 is installed inside the casing 203 . The front connection cover 201 is connected to one end of the convection fan 100 .

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, further specifically: the convection fan 100 is made to rotate at high speed after being powered on, generating axial airflow (such as sucking air from the front end of the fan and discharging it to the rear end), and the airflow enters the motor housing unit 200 through the front connection cover 201, forming a directional airflow channel to avoid turbulent loss.

[0065] The guide tube 202 is a hollow cylindrical structure with an inner wall designed to be gradually expanded or spiral, guiding the airflow to be evenly distributed to the internal space of the casing 203, and guiding the airflow from the open convection control valve 613 to the guide cavity 605, and then discharged from the convection control valve 613 opened on the other side surface of the guide cavity 605, so that the outside of the coil winding 301 and the permanent magnet 302 are covered, and when the airflow flows through the outside of the coil winding 301, part of the heat is taken away by forced convection (sensible heat exchange).

[0066] At the same time, the micron-sized needle-shaped protrusions 304 on the surface of the permanent magnet 302 increase the contact area with the airflow and enhance convective heat dissipation. Especially after the composite phase change pad 303 conducts heat, the needle-shaped protrusions can accelerate surface heat dissipation, and heat dissipation fins are arranged on the outside of the casing 203 to make it contact with the airflow derived from the guide tube 202, further releasing heat through heat conduction and convection, thereby reducing the overall temperature of the motor.

[0067] The wiring diagram of the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606 in the present invention is common knowledge in the field, and its working principle is a well-known technology. The model is selected according to actual use, so the control method and wiring layout of the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump 606 are no longer explained in detail.

[0068] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Hollow cup motor rotor, characterized in that, include: A motor housing unit (200), a rotor heat dissipation assembly (300), and a rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly (600); the rotor heat dissipation assembly (300) and the rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly (600) are respectively installed inside the motor housing unit (200), and the rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly (600) is installed inside the rotor heat dissipation assembly (300); The rotor shaft heat dissipation assembly (600) comprises: The spiral microchannel shaft (601) has a spiral flow channel (602) formed therein for introducing a phase-change cooling liquid; A self-driven circulation unit, which is integrated and installed at the left and right ends of the spiral microchannel shaft (601), includes a micro magnetohydrodynamic pump (606) and a condensation chamber (603), wherein micro fins (604) are installed inside the condensation chamber (603); Magnetic suspension guide rings (611) are mounted on the shaft surfaces at the left and right ends of the spiral microchannel shaft (601); The rotor heat dissipation assembly (300) comprises a coil winding (301) and a permanent magnet (302), wherein the permanent magnet (302) is arranged inside the coil winding (301), a gap exists between the coil winding (301) and the permanent magnet (302), the inside of the gap is filled with a composite phase change pad (303), and micron-level needle-shaped protrusions (304) are evenly distributed on the surface of the permanent magnet (302).

2. The coreless motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation chamber (603) is located at the middle end of the spiral microchannel shaft (601), and the flow channel cross section of the spiral flow channel (602) extends from the shaft end to the condensation chamber (603) and is connected to the surface of the condensation chamber (603), and the flow channel cross section gradually changes from a circle to a trapezoid.

3. The coreless motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow guide cavity (605) is arranged on the outside of the micro magnetohydrodynamic pump (606), and the outlet end of the side surface of the flow guide cavity (605) is connected to a tapered flow guide groove (607). A stator and rotor structure (612) is arranged on the side surface of the flow guide cavity (605), and the stator and rotor structure (612) connects and guides the flow of phase-change coolant in the coolant circulation system, wherein when the coolant temperature is high, the valve opening increases, and when the coolant temperature is low, the valve opening decreases.

4. The coreless motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Electromagnetic coil columns (608) are evenly arranged around the side end surface of the guide cavity (605), a magnetic field sensor is arranged inside the electromagnetic coil column (608), and the outside of the magnetic suspension guide ring (611) is non-contactly connected to a ring groove (610).

5. The coreless motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side end of the stator and rotor structure (612) is connected to a return pipe (614), and a shape memory metal temperature control valve is installed inside the connecting end of the return pipe (614) and the condensation chamber (603).

6. The coreless motor rotor according to claim 3, characterized in that: Convection control valves (613) are evenly distributed on the surface of the diversion cavity (605).

7. The coreless motor rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The commutator coil (400) and the carbon brush (500) are respectively sleeved on the outside of the side ends of the spiral microchannel shaft (601).

8. Hollow cup motor, characterized in that, include: A convection fan (100) and a coreless motor rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The coreless motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The motor housing unit (200) comprises a casing (203), a guide tube (202) and a front connection cover (201); the guide tube (202) is arranged inside the casing (203); and the front connection cover (201) is connected to one end of the convection fan (100).

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