Puncture sampler

Abstract

The invention discloses a puncture sampler which effectively solves the problems that a pericardial effusion sampling process is tedious, a plurality of medical workers are needed to cooperate with each other, and sampling and subpackaging are inconvenient. Comprising a vertical axial bearing column, a positioning ring is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the bearing column, a liquid taking cylinder is detachably connected to the upper side of the positioning ring, a small negative pressure cavity and a large negative pressure cavity are formed in the upper side and the lower side in the liquid taking cylinder respectively, a small negative pressure plate is arranged at the upper end in the small negative pressure cavity, clamping grooves are formed in the left side and the right side of the small negative pressure plate respectively, and openings of the two clamping grooves are opposite. A large negative pressure plate is arranged on the upper side in the large negative pressure cavity, a groove with an upward opening is formed in the large negative pressure plate in a clamped mode, the small negative pressure plate can be inserted into the groove, clamping blocks capable of sliding oppositely or oppositely are arranged on the left side and the right side of the large negative pressure plate respectively, and the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks can be inserted into the clamping grooves in the corresponding sides of the clamping blocks. Pull ropes are arranged at the upper ends of the turntables; the device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, novel in conception and high in usability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of puncture assistance instruments, and particularly relates to a puncture sampler. Background Art

[0002] Pericardiocentesis is a procedure that, when there is fluid, blood, or pus in the pericardial cavity, can be used both as a diagnostic measure and as an emergency treatment to relieve cardiac tamponade. There are two approaches: ① The parasternal approach is only suitable for cases with a large amount of pericardial effusion; otherwise, it may contaminate the pleural cavity. The patient is in a sitting or semi-recumbent position. After disinfecting the anterior chest skin, infiltrate and anesthetize with 1% procaine. Insert the pericardiocentesis needle vertically into the pericardial cavity through the 4th intercostal space, 1 cm from the edge of the sternum on the left side of the sternum, and aspirate the fluid. ② The subxiphoid approach is more commonly used. The patient is in a supine or semi-recumbent position. Disinfect the anterior chest skin, infiltrate and anesthetize with 1% procaine. Insert the pericardiocentesis needle through the skin between the left side of the xiphoid process and the costal cartilage arch, and then gradually insert the needle obliquely upward, backward, and slightly inward at an angle of 45° to the skin;

[0003] When advancing slowly, aspirate while inserting the needle. Stop advancing when fluid is aspirated to avoid touching the myocardium or damaging the coronary artery. For anterior chest puncture, it is at the fifth or sixth intercostal space on the left, 1 - 2 cm medial to the cardiac dullness border. The needle is inserted into the pericardial cavity from bottom to top and backward. The operation steps are as follows: Routinely disinfect the skin, anesthetize, check whether the needle, syringe, and latex tube are unobstructed before puncture. After aspirating the fluid, the assistant helps to fix the needle until the fluid in the pericardial cavity is basically aspirated completely. Then pull out the puncture needle and cover the local area with a gauze and fix it with adhesive tape. Clinically, it is recommended that the fluid aspiration speed be slow during the first pericardiocentesis, and the aspiration volume should not exceed 100 - 200 ml. The subsequent repeated aspiration can be increased to 300 - 500 ml. The aspirated fluid is subjected to cytological, bacteriological, and biochemical examinations as needed. Currently, when performing pericardial effusion aspiration, multiple medical staff are required for assistance, which is time-consuming and laborious. And because multiple sample detections are required, the aspirated pericardial fluid needs to be taken in multiple samples. After the medical staff aspirate the pericardial fluid with a syringe, they also need to repeatedly pour the pericardial effusion into multiple sample bottles, and the operation process is cumbersome and inconvenient, bringing inconvenience to the medical staff. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a puncture sampler, which effectively solves the problems of cumbersome sampling process for pericardial effusion that requires the cooperation of multiple medical staff and inconvenient sampling and sub-packaging.

[0005] The technical solution it adopts is that the present invention includes a supporting column in the up-and-down axial direction. A positioning ring is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the supporting column. A liquid extraction cylinder is detachably connected to the upper side of the positioning ring. The upper and lower sides inside the liquid extraction cylinder are respectively a small negative pressure chamber and a large negative pressure chamber. At the upper end inside the small negative pressure chamber, there is a small negative pressure plate. On the left and right sides of the small negative pressure plate, card slots are respectively formed, and the openings of the two card slots face away from each other. At the upper side inside the large negative pressure chamber, there is a large negative pressure plate. On the large negative pressure plate, a groove with an upward opening is formed by splitting. The small negative pressure plate can be inserted into the groove. On the left and right sides of the large negative pressure plate, there are respectively sliding blocks that can slide relatively or away from each other. The opposite ends of the two sliding blocks can be inserted into the corresponding card slots on their respective sides. Inside the supporting column, a rotating column is rotationally connected to a turntable. A pull rope is arranged at the upper end of the turntable. The upper end of the pull rope penetrates through the large negative pressure plate and is connected to the small negative pressure plate. A plurality of sampling boxes evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the liquid extraction cylinder are detachably connected to the upper side of the liquid extraction cylinder. The lower end of the sampling box is communicated with the large negative pressure chamber through a connecting hole;

[0006] A connecting rod is arranged at the left end of the supporting column. A transmission block is arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod. The lower end of the transmission block is detachably connected to the liquid extraction cylinder. The upper end of the transmission block is detachably connected to a conical sleeve. A transmission groove is formed at the lower side inside the transmission block. An annular bevel gear in the front-to-back axial direction is arranged in the transmission groove. Inside the transmission groove, there is a driving wheel that can slide back and forth and rotate. The driving wheel is located inside the annular bevel gear. The annular bevel gear can rotate forward or backward as the driving wheel rotates. Inside the transmission groove, a driven wheel that can mesh with the driving wheel is rotationally connected through a support column. The driven wheel is located on the left side of the driving wheel. The turntable can rotate along with the driven wheel. A connecting pipe in the up-and-down axial direction and located in front of the driving wheel is arranged on the transmission block. The lower end of the connecting pipe is communicated with the small negative pressure chamber and is provided with a one-way valve with a downward opening. A sleeve is slidably connected to the outside of the connecting pipe. The sleeve can slide up and down as the annular bevel gear rotates. A puncture needle is detachably connected to the upper end of the sleeve.

[0007] The structure of the present invention is reasonable and easy to use. By setting the small negative pressure chamber, the large negative pressure chamber, the small negative pressure plate, the large negative pressure plate, the sleeve and the connecting pipe, when medical staff perform pericardial effusion puncture on patients, the puncture needle can be automatically advanced and a certain negative pressure can be maintained. And after pericardial effusion is aspirated, manually control the movement of the driving wheel to complete the extraction of pericardial effusion, so that medical staff can avoid the situation of multiple-person assistance, save medical staff human resources, simplify the operation process and actions, facilitate the use of medical staff, and at the same time improve the efficiency of puncture sampling. There are a reset compression spring, a connecting compression spring, a one-way valve, a sampling box, a liquid outlet pipe and a connecting hole, which are convenient for sub-packaging and collecting the aspirated pericardial effusion, are beneficial for medical staff to perform subsequent medical examinations, and by setting a connecting ring, a positioning ring and a connecting rod, it is convenient for the disassembly and assembly of the liquid extraction cylinder, is beneficial for medical staff to clean and disinfect this device, and is beneficial for the use of medical staff. This structure is simple, easy to operate, novel in conception and strong in usability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 is an axonometric view of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2 is the full-section front view of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 3 is the full-section right-axial view of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 4 is the partial-section front view of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 5 is the partial-section rear-axial view of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 6 is the partial-section front-axial view of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 7 is the partial-section top view of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 8 is the present invention Figure 2 magnified view of A in it.

[0016] Figure 9 is the present invention Figure 2 magnified view of B in it.

[0017] Figure 10 is the present invention Figure 3 magnified view of C in it Detailed implementation manners

[0018] The following further describes in detail the detailed implementation manners of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Given by Figures 1 to 10 it includes a supporting column 1 in the up-and-down axial direction. A positioning ring 2 is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the supporting column 1. A liquid extraction cylinder 3 is detachably connected to the upper side of the positioning ring 2. The upper and lower sides in the liquid extraction cylinder 3 are respectively a small negative pressure chamber and a large negative pressure chamber. A small negative pressure plate 4 is arranged at the upper end in the small negative pressure chamber. Card slots 5 are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the small negative pressure plate 4. The openings of the two card slots 5 face away from each other. A large negative pressure plate 6 is arranged at the upper side in the large negative pressure chamber. A groove with an upward opening is card-opened on the large negative pressure plate 6. The small negative pressure plate 4 can be inserted into the groove. On the left and right sides of the large negative pressure plate 6, there are respectively sliding blocks 7 that can slide relatively or away from each other. The opposite ends of the two sliding blocks 7 can be inserted into the corresponding card slots 5 on their respective sides. A turntable 8 is rotatably connected to the inside of the supporting column 1 through a rotating column. A pull rope 9 is arranged at the upper end of the turntable 8. The upper end of the pull rope 9 penetrates through the large negative pressure plate 6 and is connected to the small negative pressure plate 4. A plurality of sampling boxes 10 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the liquid extraction cylinder 3 are detachably connected to the upper side of the liquid extraction cylinder 3. The lower end of the sampling box 10 is communicated with the large negative pressure chamber through a connection hole 11;

[0020] The left end of the supporting column 1 is provided with a connecting rod 12. The upper end of the connecting rod 12 is provided with a transmission block 13. The lower end of the transmission block 13 is detachably connected to the liquid extraction cylinder 3. The upper end of the transmission block 13 is detachably connected to a conical sleeve 14. A transmission groove 15 is formed in the lower side of the transmission block 13. An annular bevel gear 16 with a front-rear axis is rotatably connected in the transmission groove 15. A driving wheel 17 that can slide back and forth and rotate is provided in the transmission groove 15. The driving wheel 17 is located inside the annular bevel gear 16. The annular bevel gear 16 can rotate forward or backward with the rotation of the driving wheel 17. A driven wheel 18 that can be meshed with the driving wheel 17 is rotatably connected in the transmission groove 15 through a support column. The driven wheel 18 is located on the left side of the driving wheel 17. The turntable 8 can rotate with the rotation of the driven wheel 18. A connecting pipe 19 with an up-down axis and located in front of the driving wheel 17 is provided on the transmission block 13. The lower end of the connecting pipe 19 is communicated with the small negative pressure chamber and is provided with a one-way valve with an opening facing downwards. A sleeve 20 is slidably connected to the outside of the connecting pipe 19. The sleeve 20 can slide up and down with the rotation of the annular bevel gear 16. The upper end of the sleeve 20 is detachably connected to a puncture needle.

[0021] In order to facilitate the movement of the small negative pressure plate 4 and the large negative pressure plate 6, and to facilitate the winding of the pull rope 9 on the turntable 8, a connecting compression spring is provided at the lower end of the small negative pressure plate 4. The lower end of the connecting compression spring is connected to the lower end surface of the groove. A reset compression spring is provided at the lower end of the large negative pressure plate 6. The lower end of the reset compression spring is connected to the upper end of the supporting column 1. A relief groove 21 is formed on the supporting column 1, and the opening of the relief groove 21 faces upwards.

[0022] In order to facilitate the control of the insertion of the clamping blocks 7 into the card slots 5, rectangular blocks 22 are respectively provided at the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks 7. Trapezoidal grooves 23 with openings facing upwards are formed on the rectangular blocks 22. The two trapezoidal grooves 23 are symmetrical left and right. The right end surface of the trapezoidal groove 23 on the right side is an inclined surface that is lower on the left and higher on the right. Blocking blocks 24 are respectively provided on the left and right sides inside the liquid extraction cylinder 3. The blocking blocks 24 can contact the inclined surfaces of the corresponding trapezoidal grooves 23. The opposite ends of the two rectangular blocks 22 are connected to the large negative pressure plate 6 through U-shaped sheets.

[0023] In order to facilitate the use of the sampling box 10, the sampling box 10 is in an inverted convex shape. A plurality of disassembly and assembly grooves that open outwards and correspond to the sampling box 10 one by one are formed on the liquid extraction cylinder 3. The sampling box 10 is inserted into the disassembly and assembly grooves. A liquid outlet pipe 25 is detachably connected to the lower side of the sampling box 10. The liquid outlet pipe 25 is communicated with the connection hole 11 on its corresponding side. A one-way valve with an opening facing upwards is provided in the liquid outlet pipe 25.

[0024] In order to facilitate the detachable connection between the liquid extraction cylinder 3 and the transmission block 13, and to facilitate the rotation of the turntable 8 with the rotation of the driven wheel 18, a connecting ring 26 is rotatably connected to the transmission block 13. The lower end of the connecting ring 26 is threadedly connected to the liquid extraction cylinder 3. The rotating column and the support column are connected through a U-shaped transmission belt 27. The left side of the transmission belt 27 is located inside the connecting rod 12 and is slidably connected to the connecting rod 12.

[0025] To facilitate the rotation and sliding of the driving wheel 17, a motor is provided in the transmission groove 15. A polygonal column 28 is provided at the rear output end of the motor. A sliding cylinder 29 is slidably connected to the polygonal column 28. The sliding cylinder 29 is rotatably connected to the driving wheel 17. The right side of the transmission block 13 is rotatably connected to a screw rod 30. The rear end of the screw rod 30 is threadedly connected to a sliding plate 31. The left end of the sliding plate 31 is rotatably connected to the sliding cylinder 29.

[0026] To facilitate the control of the rotation of the screw rod 30, a rotating handle is provided at the front end of the screw rod 30. Three outward-opening and arc-shaped positioning grooves 32 are formed in the rotating handle. A positioning piece that can be inserted into the positioning grooves and is arc-shaped is provided at the front end of the transmission block 13.

[0027] To facilitate the rotation of the annular bevel gear 16 along with the driving wheel 17, a plurality of teeth evenly distributed along its circumferential direction are provided inside the annular bevel gear 16. The driving wheel 17 can be engaged with the teeth. A rotating ring 33 is coaxially provided at the rear end of the annular bevel gear 16. A plurality of teeth along its circumferential direction are provided at the rear side of the rotating ring 33. An idle gear 34 that can be engaged with the teeth inside the rotating ring 33 is rotatably connected in the transmission groove 15. The idle gear 34 is located behind the driven wheel 18.

[0028] To facilitate the sliding of the sleeve 20 along with the rotation of the annular bevel gear 16, a rotating cylinder 35 is rotatably connected to the upper side of the transmission block 13. A spiral groove 36 that penetrates through inside and outside is formed in the rotating cylinder 35. A rectangular groove 37 located to the right of the rotating cylinder 35 is formed in the transmission block 13. A plug post 38 that passes through the spiral groove 36 and is inserted into the rectangular groove 37 is provided at the right end of the sleeve 20. The lower end of the rotating cylinder 35 is inserted into the transmission groove 15 and is provided with a transmission bevel gear 39 that can be engaged with the annular bevel gear 16.

[0029] When the present invention is in use, a scale value is provided on the outer side of the liquid extraction cylinder 3. The outer side of the large negative pressure chamber of the liquid extraction cylinder 3 is made of a transparent material, and the upper side of the sleeve 14 is made of a transparent material, which is convenient for observing the suction of the liquid. The medical staff holds the liquid extraction cylinder 3, then aligns the sleeve 14 with the puncture site of the patient, and starts the motor. The motor drives the polygonal column 28 to rotate clockwise. The polygonal column 28 drives the driving wheel 17 to rotate clockwise through the sliding cylinder 29. The driving wheel 17 drives the annular bevel gear 16 to rotate clockwise. The annular bevel gear 16 drives the transmission bevel gear 39 and the rotating cylinder 35 to rotate clockwise, and makes the spiral groove 36 rotate clockwise. The spiral groove 36 drives the plug post 38 to slide upward along the rectangular groove 37. The plug post 38 drives the puncture needle to move upward through the sleeve 20 and gradually extend out of the sleeve 14.

[0030] Meanwhile, during the rotation of the driving wheel 17, the driving wheel 17 drives the driven wheel 18 to rotate counterclockwise. The driven wheel 18 drives the rotating column and the turntable 8 to rotate counterclockwise through the support column and the transmission belt 27. The turntable 8 drives the pull rope 9 to wind around its outer edge surface. The pull rope 9 drives the small negative pressure plate 4 to slide downward and squeeze the connecting compression spring, generating a small amount of negative pressure in the small negative pressure chamber. At the same time, the puncture needle gradually inserts into the patient's body. Through the above process, while the puncture needle slowly and stably advances, there is a small amount of negative pressure;

[0031] When the medical staff observes that pericardial effusion is sucked into the cannula 20 from the puncture needle, manually rotate the handle clockwise. The handle pushes the positioning piece out of the positioning groove 32 at the left end. At the same time, the handle drives the slide plate 31 to slide backward through the screw 30. The slide plate 31 drives the sliding cylinder 29 to slide backward. The sliding cylinder 29 pushes the driving wheel 17 to move backward and disengages from the annular bevel gear 16, and is located in front of the inner rotating tooth teeth. At this time, the positioning piece moves into the adjacent positioning groove 32. The driving wheel 17 still meshes with the driven wheel 18, stopping the advancement of the puncture needle. At the same time, keep the turntable 8 rotating. The turntable 8 drives the small negative pressure plate 4 to keep moving downward through the pull rope 9 and continuously sucks out the pericardial effusion. And as the small negative pressure plate 4 moves into the groove, the small negative pressure plate 4 pushes the large negative pressure plate 6 downward and makes the block 24 move out of the trapezoidal groove 23. Under the action of the U-shaped piece, the two rectangular blocks 22 drive the latch 7 to insert into the card slot 5. Then the large negative pressure plate 6 sucks the pericardial effusion through the puncture needle and the connecting pipe 19 and flows into the large negative pressure chamber, squeezing the return spring;

[0032] With the aspiration of pericardial effusion, since less pericardial effusion is aspirated during the first puncture of the patient, when the pericardial effusion is aspirated to the appropriate scale value, continue to rotate the handle. The handle drives the slide plate 31 and the sliding cylinder 29 to slide backward through the screw 30, and drives the driving wheel 17 to disengage from the driven wheel 18. At this time, the positioning piece moves into the adjacent positioning groove 32. The driving wheel 17 meshes with the idle gear 34 and drives the rotating ring 33 to rotate counterclockwise through the teeth on the idle gear 34 and the rotating ring 33. The rotating ring 33 drives the annular bevel gear 16 to rotate counterclockwise and drives the rotating cylinder 35 to rotate counterclockwise through the transmission bevel gear 39. The spiral groove 36 drives the insertion post 38 to move downward along the rectangular groove 37. The insertion post 38 drives the cannula 20 and the puncture needle to move downward and gradually move out of the patient's body. After the puncture needle is removed, turn off the motor to complete the extraction of pericardial effusion;

[0033] After the driving wheel 17 and the driven wheel 18 are disengaged from meshing, under the action of the reset compression spring, the large negative pressure plate 4 moves upward, and a certain amount of puncture fluid is pushed into the sampling box 10 through the connection hole 11 and the liquid outlet pipe 25. When multiple sampling boxes 10 are filled with liquid, under the action of the check valve on the lower side of the connecting pipe 19, the pericardial effusion will not continue to flow out, and the sample collection is completed. Then, the medical staff can take out the sampling box 10 from the disassembly and assembly slot. The connection between the liquid outlet pipe 25 and the sampling box 10 is a common connection between a stopper and a bottle body, and the structure thereof will not be described in detail here. After use, turn the rotating handle to the initial position and insert the positioning piece into the initial positioning slot 32 for the next use;

[0034] If the liquid extraction cylinder 3 needs to be disinfected and cleaned, rotate the connecting ring 26 clockwise. The connecting ring 26 is disengaged from the upper side of the liquid extraction cylinder 3 and drives the liquid extraction cylinder 3 to move downward along the positioning ring 2. Then swing the liquid extraction cylinder 3 to the left. The liquid extraction cylinder 3 drives the supporting column 1 and the connecting rod 12 to swing to the left, so that the liquid extraction cylinder 3 is completely disengaged from the transmission block 13. Then pour out the excess waste liquid in the liquid extraction cylinder 3. Under the action of the reset compression spring, the large negative pressure plate 6 moves upward and the push block is inserted into the trapezoidal groove 23, pushing the two clamping blocks 7 out of the clamping groove 5. Then under the action of the connecting spring, the small negative pressure plate 4 moves upward and returns to the initial position. At this time, the discharge of the waste liquid is completed;

[0035] Moreover, the small negative pressure plate 4 and the large negative pressure plate 6 can be removed from the liquid extraction cylinder 3, which is convenient for the separate cleaning and disinfection of the liquid extraction cylinder 3.

[0036] The structure of the present invention is reasonable and easy to use. By setting the small negative pressure chamber, the large negative pressure chamber, the small negative pressure plate, the large negative pressure plate, the sleeve and the connecting pipe, when the medical staff performs pericardial effusion puncture on the patient, the puncture needle is automatically advanced and a certain negative pressure is maintained. After the pericardial effusion is aspirated, manually control the movement of the driving wheel to complete the extraction of the pericardial effusion, so that the medical staff can avoid the situation of multiple-person assistance, save the medical staff human resources, simplify the operation process and actions, facilitate the use by the medical staff, and improve the puncture sampling efficiency at the same time. There are a reset compression spring, a connecting compression spring, a check valve, a sampling box, a liquid outlet pipe and a connection hole, which are convenient for the sub-packaging and collection of the aspirated pericardial effusion, and are beneficial for the medical staff to perform subsequent medical examinations. And by setting the connecting ring, the positioning ring and the connecting rod, it is convenient for the disassembly and assembly of the liquid extraction cylinder, which is beneficial for the medical staff to clean and disinfect the device and is beneficial for the use by the medical staff. This structure is simple, easy to operate, novel in conception and strong in usability.

Claims

1. A puncture sampler, comprising an upper and lower axially supporting column (1), characterized in that, A positioning ring (2) is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the supporting column (1). A liquid extraction cylinder (3) is detachably connected to the upper side of the positioning ring (2). The upper and lower sides inside the liquid extraction cylinder (3) are respectively a small negative pressure chamber and a large negative pressure chamber. A small negative pressure plate (4) is arranged at the upper end inside the small negative pressure chamber. Card slots (5) are respectively formed on the left and right sides of the small negative pressure plate (4). The openings of the two card slots (5) face away from each other. A large negative pressure plate (6) is arranged at the upper side inside the large negative pressure chamber. A groove with an upward opening is formed on the large negative pressure plate (6) in a card-opening manner. The small negative pressure plate (4) can be inserted into the groove. On the left and right sides of the large negative pressure plate (6), respectively, there are sliding blocks (7) that can slide relatively or away from each other. The opposite ends of the two sliding blocks (7) can be inserted into the corresponding card slots (5) on their respective sides. Inside the supporting column (1), a turntable (8) is rotatably connected through a rotating column. A pull rope (9) is arranged at the upper end of the turntable (8). The upper end of the pull rope (9) penetrates through the large negative pressure plate (6) and is connected to the small negative pressure plate (4). A plurality of sampling boxes (10) evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the liquid extraction cylinder (3) are detachably connected to the upper side of the liquid extraction cylinder (3). The lower end of the sampling box (10) is communicated with the large negative pressure chamber through a connection hole (11); A connecting rod (12) is arranged at the left end of the supporting column (1). A transmission block (13) is arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod (12). The lower end of the transmission block (13) is detachably connected to the liquid extraction cylinder (3). A conical sleeve (14) is detachably connected to the upper end of the transmission block (13). A transmission groove (15) is formed on the lower side inside the transmission block (13). An annular bevel gear (16) with a front-back axis is rotatably connected inside the transmission groove (15). An active wheel (17) that can slide back and forth and rotate is arranged inside the transmission groove (15). The active wheel (17) is located inside the annular bevel gear (16). The annular bevel gear (16) can rotate forward or backward as the active wheel (17) rotates. A driven wheel (18) that can be meshed with the active wheel (17) is rotatably connected inside the transmission groove (15) through a support column. The driven wheel (18) is located on the left side of the active wheel (17). The turntable (8) can rotate as the driven wheel (18) rotates. A connecting pipe (19) with an up-down axis and located in front of the active wheel (17) is arranged on the transmission block (13). The lower end of the connecting pipe (19) is communicated with the small negative pressure chamber and is provided with a one-way valve with a downward opening. A sleeve (20) is slidably connected to the outside of the connecting pipe (19). The sleeve (20) can slide up and down as the annular bevel gear (16) rotates. A puncture needle is detachably connected to the upper end of the sleeve (20).

2. The puncture sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting compression spring is arranged at the lower end of the small negative pressure plate (4). The lower end of the connecting compression spring is connected to the lower end face of the groove. A reset compression spring is arranged at the lower end of the large negative pressure plate (6). The lower end of the reset compression spring is connected to the upper end of the supporting column (1). A relief groove (21) is formed on the supporting column (1). The opening of the relief groove (21) faces upward.

3. The puncture sampler according to claim 1, wherein Rectangular blocks (22) are respectively provided at the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks (7). Trapezoidal grooves (23) with upward openings are formed in the rectangular blocks (22). The two trapezoidal grooves (23) are symmetric left and right. The right end face of the trapezoidal groove (23) on the right side is an inclined surface that is lower on the left and higher on the right. Blocking blocks (24) are respectively provided on the left and right sides inside the liquid extraction cylinder (3). The blocking blocks (24) can be in contact with the inclined surfaces of the corresponding trapezoidal grooves (23). The opposite ends of the two rectangular blocks (22) are connected to the large negative pressure plate (6) through U-shaped sheets.

4. The puncture sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling box (10) is in an inverted convex shape. A plurality of disassembly and assembly grooves that open outward and correspond to the sampling box (10) one by one are formed on the liquid extraction cylinder (3). The sampling box (10) is inserted into the disassembly and assembly grooves. A liquid outlet pipe (25) is detachably connected to the lower side of the sampling box (10). The liquid outlet pipe (25) communicates with the connection hole (11) on its corresponding side. A one-way valve with an upward opening is provided inside the liquid outlet pipe (25).

5. The puncture sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting ring (26) is rotatably connected to the transmission block (13). The lower end of the connecting ring (26) is threadedly connected to the liquid extraction cylinder (3). The rotating column and the support column are connected through a U-shaped transmission belt (27). The left side of the transmission belt (27) is located inside the connecting rod (12) and is slidably connected to the connecting rod (12).

6. The puncture sampler according to claim 1, wherein A motor is provided inside the transmission groove (15). A polygonal column (28) is provided at the output end of the rear side of the motor. A sliding cylinder (29) is slidably connected to the polygonal column (28). The sliding cylinder (29) is rotatably connected to the driving wheel (17). A screw rod (30) is rotatably connected to the right side of the transmission block (13). The rear end of the screw rod (30) is threadedly connected to a sliding plate (31). The left end of the sliding plate (31) is rotatably connected to the sliding cylinder (29).

7. The puncture sampler according to claim 6, characterized in that, A rotating handle is provided at the front end of the screw rod (30). Three arc-shaped positioning grooves (32) that open outward are formed on the rotating handle. An arc-shaped positioning piece that can be inserted into the positioning is provided at the front end of the transmission block (13).

8. A puncture sampler according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of teeth are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction inside the annular bevel gear (16). The driving wheel (17) can be meshed with the teeth inside the annular bevel gear (16). A rotating ring (33) is coaxially provided at the rear end of the annular bevel gear (16). A plurality of teeth are provided along the circumferential direction at the rear side of the rotating ring (33). An idler gear (34) that can be meshed with the teeth inside the rotating ring (33) is rotatably connected inside the transmission groove (15). The idler gear (34) is located behind the driven wheel (18).

9. The puncture sampler according to claim 1, wherein, A rotating cylinder (35) is rotatably connected to the upper side of the transmission block (13). A spiral groove (36) that penetrates inside and outside is formed in the rotating cylinder (35). A rectangular groove (37) located to the right of the rotating cylinder (35) is formed in the transmission block (13). A plug post (38) that passes through the spiral groove (36) and is inserted into the rectangular groove (37) is provided at the right end of the sleeve (20). The lower end of the rotating cylinder (35) is inserted into the transmission groove (15) and is provided with a transmission bevel gear (39) that can be meshed with the annular bevel gear (16).

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