Supercharged carbon dioxide trapping device and system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a booster-type carbon dioxide trapping device and system. The booster-type carbon dioxide trapping device comprises an absorption tower, a desorption tower and a booster, a first inlet of the absorption tower is used for receiving flue gas, a first outlet of the absorption tower is used for discharging purified flue gas, and a second outlet of the absorption tower is communicated with a liquid inlet of the desorption tower so as to provide an absorbent absorbing carbon dioxide for the desorption tower; a liquid outlet of the desorption tower is communicated with a second inlet of the absorption tower so as to provide a pure absorbent for the absorption tower, and a gas outlet of the desorption tower is used for discharging regenerated gas; the pressurizing part is positioned outside the absorption tower, is communicated with the first inlet and is used for compressing and pressurizing the flue gas entering the absorption tower. According to the supercharged carbon dioxide trapping device disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the absorption tower, the desorption tower and the supercharging part are arranged, so that the flue gas treatment capacity and the absorption and desorption efficiency can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the technical field of carbon dioxide capture, and particularly relate to a pressurized carbon dioxide capture device and system. Background Art

[0002] Traditional industrial fields such as thermal power, cement, and steel produce a large amount of flue gas containing carbon dioxide during the production process. The large amount of flue gas rich in carbon dioxide is conducive to air capture of carbon dioxide. In the industrialized carbon dioxide capture step, how to effectively improve the flue gas treatment capacity and absorption and desorption efficiency has always been an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of the present disclosure aim to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a pressurized carbon dioxide capture device and system.

[0004] On the one hand, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a pressurized carbon dioxide capture device, including an absorption tower, a desorption tower, and a pressurizing member;

[0005] The first inlet of the absorption tower is used to receive flue gas, its first outlet is used to discharge purified flue gas, and its second outlet is connected to the liquid inlet of the desorption tower to provide an absorbent absorbed with carbon dioxide to the desorption tower. The liquid outlet of the desorption tower is connected to the second inlet of the absorption tower to provide a pure absorbent to the absorption tower, and its gas outlet is used to discharge the regenerated gas; wherein,

[0006] The pressurizing member is located outside the absorption tower and connected to the first inlet, and is used to compress and pressurize the flue gas entering the absorption tower.

[0007] Optionally, the first outlet and the second outlet are respectively located at the top and bottom of the absorption tower, the first inlet is located between the first outlet and the second outlet, and the second inlet is located between the first inlet and the first outlet.

[0008] Optionally, the gas outlet and the liquid outlet are respectively located at the top and bottom of the desorption tower, and the liquid inlet is located between the gas outlet and the liquid outlet.

[0009] Optionally, the pressurizing member is an air compressor or a blower; the absorbent is an amine solution absorbent.

[0010] Optionally, it further includes a first pressure member and a second pressure member;

[0011] The first pressure member is connected to the first inlet and is used to monitor the flue gas pressure at the first inlet; the second pressure member is connected to the gas outlet and is used to monitor the pressure at the gas outlet.

[0012] Optionally, both the first pressure member and the second pressure member are configured as automatic recording pressure gauges.

[0013] Optionally, a reboiler and a heat exchanger are further included;

[0014] The reboiler is connected in series to the desorption tower to provide heat so as to obtain the regeneration gas and the pure absorbent;

[0015] The first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the second outlet of the absorption tower and the liquid inlet of the desorption tower, and the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet of the desorption tower and the second inlet of the absorption tower.

[0016] Optionally, a rich liquid pump, a lean liquid pump and a cooler are further included;

[0017] The rich liquid pump is connected in series between the first liquid outlet of the heat exchanger and the liquid inlet of the desorption tower, and the lean liquid pump and the cooler are sequentially connected in series between the second liquid outlet of the heat exchanger and the second inlet of the absorption tower.

[0018] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a pressurized carbon dioxide capture system, including the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device and the collection device described above;

[0019] The collection device is connected to the gas outlet of the desorption tower for collecting the regeneration gas.

[0020] The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device and system of the embodiment of the present disclosure increase the gas pressure through a pressurizing member, improve the contact efficiency between the gas and the absorbent in the absorption tower, thereby improving the absorption rate and desorption rate of carbon dioxide, and at the same time can improve the purity of the outlet carbon dioxide, so that the carbon dioxide-containing treatment process is more efficient and the product quality is higher. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Embodiments

[0022] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] As Figure 1As shown, a pressurized carbon dioxide capture device 100 includes an absorption tower 110, a desorption tower 120, and a pressurizing member 130. A first inlet 111 of the absorption tower 110 is used to receive flue gas, a first outlet 112 thereof is used to discharge purified flue gas, and a second outlet 113 thereof communicates with a liquid inlet 121 of the desorption tower 120 to provide an absorbent absorbing carbon dioxide to the desorption tower 120. A liquid outlet 122 of the desorption tower 120 communicates with a second inlet 114 of the absorption tower 110 to provide a pure absorbent to the absorption tower 110, and a gas outlet 123 thereof is used to discharge regenerated gas. The pressurizing member 130 is located outside the absorption tower 110 and communicates with the first inlet 111 to compress and pressurize the flue gas entering the absorption tower 110.

[0024] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, first, the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas is pretreated by the pressurizing member 130 to increase the pressure through the pressurizing member 130. Pressurization can increase the contact opportunity between carbon dioxide and the absorbent in the absorption tower 110, thereby improving the absorption efficiency. After being pretreated by the pressurizing member 130, the flue gas enters the absorption tower 110 through the first inlet 111 and contacts the absorbent in the absorption tower 110. Under high-pressure conditions, the diffusion rate of carbon dioxide is relatively fast, which can reduce the resistance during the flow of the flue gas, contribute to improving the passing efficiency of the flue gas in the absorption tower 110, and thus make the capture process smoother. At a relatively high pressure, the solubility of carbon dioxide increases, which enables the absorbent to adsorb more carbon dioxide in a relatively short time. At the same time, at a relatively high pressure, carbon dioxide molecules are more easily adsorbed and captured, which is crucial for improving the capture rate. For example, the pressure of the carbon dioxide-containing flue gas is increased to 20 to 150 bar. Through pressurization, the carbon dioxide concentration in the flue gas is increased, reducing the energy consumption and time of the capture process. Therefore, pressurization can improve the adsorption capacity of the absorbent.

[0025] The flue gas after being pressurized enters the absorption tower 110, and a carbon dioxide absorbent such as an amine solution absorbent reacts with an amine solvent under high-pressure conditions to improve the absorption rate of carbon dioxide and enhance the absorption effect and absorption efficiency.

[0026] In the absorption tower 110, after the absorbent absorbs carbon dioxide in the flue gas, the purified flue gas is discharged from the first outlet 112. The absorbent that has absorbed carbon dioxide reaches the bottom of the absorption tower 110 and enters the desorption tower 120 through the second outlet 113 and the liquid inlet 121 of the desorption tower 120. Under the action of the desorption tower 120, the absorbent that has absorbed carbon dioxide is desorbed into a regenerated gas (carbon dioxide) and a pure absorbent. The regenerated gas is discharged from the gas outlet 123, and the pure absorbent reaches the bottom of the desorption tower 120 and enters the absorption tower 110 through the liquid outlet 122 and the second inlet 114 of the absorption tower 110, and continues to contact the flue gas in the absorption tower 110 to absorb carbon dioxide in the flue gas, realizing recycling.

[0027] For example, during the desorption process, when the amine solution absorbent absorbs carbon dioxide, the binding force between the absorbent and carbon dioxide is relatively strong. Pressurization helps to promote the release of the adsorbed carbon dioxide from the absorbent to optimize the carbon dioxide desorption process. Under certain conditions, an increase in pressure can reduce the solubility of carbon dioxide and promote its desorption, thereby improving the desorption efficiency and the concentration of carbon dioxide recovery.

[0028] The absorbent and some adsorption materials used in the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device 100 need to be recycled to reduce energy consumption and improve economy. Therefore, it is necessary to regenerate the absorbent and ensure the stability and high efficiency of the capture process. The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device 100 can also adopt optimization means such as heat energy recovery and waste gas reflux to reduce energy consumption.

[0029] Improving the absorption and desorption efficiency by pressurization helps to reduce the scale and equipment cost of the carbon dioxide capture device. For example, more efficient capture can be completed in an absorption tower with a smaller volume, which can reduce the energy consumption and maintenance cost of long-term operation. By adjusting the pressure of the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device 100, the capture process can be flexibly optimized under different operating conditions to adapt to different gas sources or application scenarios. Pressurization can also help the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device 100 operate stably under a higher load and maintain a stable capture efficiency. High pressure helps to accelerate the adsorption and desorption processes, shorten the processing cycle per unit time, and improve the overall operation efficiency of the system. This helps to improve the throughput capacity and processing volume of the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device 100.

[0030] The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device and system according to the embodiments of the present disclosure increase the gas pressure through a pressurizing member, improve the contact efficiency between the gas and the absorbent in the absorption tower, thereby increasing the absorption rate and desorption rate of carbon dioxide, and at the same time can improve the purity of the outlet carbon dioxide, so that the carbon dioxide-containing treatment process is more efficient and the product quality is higher.

[0031] It should be noted that high pressure can help increase the concentration of carbon dioxide during the desorption process, making the recovered carbon dioxide purer. After desorption, the carbon dioxide is compressed into a liquid or supercritical state by a compression device for easy transportation and storage. Subsequently, it is transported through a pipeline to an underground storage site or used for industrial purposes (such as the food industry, enhanced oil and gas recovery, methanol and urea production, etc.). Pressurization helps increase the concentration of carbon dioxide during the desorption process, thereby improving the recovery efficiency. For applications with high requirements for the purity and concentration of carbon dioxide (such as storage or utilization), pressurization can help obtain higher-quality carbon dioxide.

[0032] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, the first outlet 112 and the second outlet 113 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the absorption tower 110, the first inlet 111 is located between the first outlet 112 and the second outlet 113, and the second inlet 114 is located between the first inlet 111 and the first outlet 112.

[0033] Furthermore, the gas outlet 123 and the liquid outlet 122 are respectively located at the top and bottom of the desorption tower 120, and the liquid inlet 121 is located between the gas outlet 123 and the liquid outlet 122.

[0034] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the flue gas enters the absorption tower 110 from the first inlet 111 and flows upward. The pure absorbent enters the absorption tower 110 from the second inlet 114 and moves downward to contact the flue gas. After the pure absorbent absorbs the carbon dioxide in the flue gas, it reaches the bottom of the absorption tower and is discharged through the second outlet 113 and enters the desorption tower 120 via the liquid inlet 121. The purified flue gas continues to flow upward and is discharged through the first outlet 112. Under the action of the desorption tower 120, the absorbent absorbing carbon dioxide is desorbed into pure absorbent and regenerated gas. The regenerated gas flows upward and is discharged through the gas outlet 123, and the pure absorbent is discharged through the bottom liquid outlet 122 and enters the absorption tower 110 via the first inlet 111.

[0035] Exemplarily, the pressurizing member 130 can be set as an air compressor or a blower.

[0036] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, it further includes a first pressure member 140 and a second pressure member 141. The first pressure member 140 is connected to the first inlet 111 for monitoring the flue gas pressure at the first inlet 111. The second pressure member 141 is connected to the gas outlet 123 for monitoring the pressure at the gas outlet 123.

[0037] Specifically, as Figure 1As shown, by means of the provided first pressure member 140 and second pressure member 141, the operating pressure states of each process unit can be monitored in real time, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device 100. Meanwhile, the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device 100 also takes into account factors such as energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0038] Furthermore, the first pressure member 140 and the second pressure member 141 can both be set as automatic recording pressure gauges.

[0039] Exemplarily, as Figure 1 shown, it further includes a reboiler 150 and a heat exchanger 160. The reboiler 150 is connected in series to the desorption tower 120 to provide heat to obtain the regeneration gas and the pure absorbent. The first liquid inlet 161 and the first liquid outlet 162 of the heat exchanger 160 are respectively connected to the second outlet 113 of the absorption tower 110 and the liquid inlet 121 of the desorption tower 120, and the second liquid inlet 163 and the second liquid outlet 164 of the heat exchanger 160 are respectively connected to the liquid outlet 122 of the desorption tower 120 and the second inlet 114 of the absorption tower 110.

[0040] Furthermore, it further includes a rich liquid pump 170, a lean liquid pump 180 and a cooler 190. The rich liquid pump 170 is connected in series between the first liquid outlet 162 of the heat exchanger 160 and the liquid inlet 121 of the desorption tower 120, and the lean liquid pump 180 and the cooler 190 are connected in series in turn between the second liquid outlet 164 of the heat exchanger 160 and the second inlet 114 of the absorption tower 110.

[0041] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the absorbent absorbed with carbon dioxide is discharged from the second outlet 113 and enters the desorption tower 120 after passing through the heat exchanger 160 and the rich liquid pump 170 in sequence. The pure absorbent is discharged from the liquid outlet 122 and enters the absorption tower 110 after passing through the heat exchanger 160, the lean liquid pump 180 and the cooler 190 in sequence.

[0042] The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure improves the contact efficiency between the gas and the absorbent in the absorption tower by pressurization, thereby improving the absorption rate and desorption rate of carbon dioxide, and thus improving the overall efficiency of the carbon capture system. The embodiments of the present disclosure mainly utilize increasing the environmental pressure of the carbon dioxide capture device to promote the adsorption and separation of carbon dioxide. For example, by adding an air compressor to compress the flue gas to achieve pressurization, the adsorption capacity of the absorbent is improved, and the time of the adsorption process is shortened. By increasing the pressure in the absorption tower, the contact probability between carbon dioxide molecules and the absorbent (amine solution) is increased, thereby improving the absorption rate of carbon dioxide to enhance the absorption effect and absorption efficiency. By pressurization, carbon dioxide is promoted to be released from the absorbent to improve the desorption effect and desorption efficiency. At the same time, under higher pressure conditions, the solubility of carbon dioxide in the absorbent decreases, promoting the desorption of carbon dioxide and increasing the desorption rate.

[0043] The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure improves the absorption and desorption effects and efficiencies by integrating the absorption and desorption processes in the carbon capture link and increasing the pressure in the capture device. At the same time, the operating pressure states of each process unit are monitored in real time by a pressure component to ensure that the capture device can operate safely and efficiently. At the same time, the carbon dioxide storage concentration can also be enhanced to obtain higher-quality carbon dioxide.

[0044] On the other hand, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a pressurized carbon dioxide capture system, including the above-described pressurized carbon dioxide capture device and a collection device. The specific structure of the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device can refer to the relevant descriptions above and will not be elaborated here too much. The collection device is connected to the outlet of the desorption tower and is used to collect the regeneration gas.

[0045] The pressurized carbon dioxide capture system according to the embodiments of the present disclosure improves the adsorption capacity of the absorbent, the absorption and desorption efficiency of carbon dioxide, the purity and concentration of carbon dioxide, and at the same time improves the economy of the system and enhances the flexibility of carbon dioxide capture by increasing the pressure in the system and reducing the gas diffusion resistance.

[0046] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principle of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present disclosure, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A pressurized carbon dioxide capture device, characterized in that, It includes an absorption tower, a desorption tower and a pressurizing component; The first inlet of the absorption tower is used to receive flue gas, its first outlet is used to discharge purified flue gas, and its second outlet is connected to the liquid inlet of the desorption tower to provide the desorption tower with an absorbent that has absorbed carbon dioxide. The liquid outlet of the desorption tower is connected to the second inlet of the absorption tower to provide the absorption tower with pure absorbent, and its gas outlet is used to discharge the regenerated gas; wherein, The pressurizing component is located outside the absorption tower and is connected to the first inlet to compress and pressurize the flue gas entering the absorption tower.

2. The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 1, wherein The first outlet and the second outlet are respectively located at the top and bottom of the absorption tower. The first inlet is located between the first outlet and the second outlet, and the second inlet is located between the first inlet and the first outlet.

3. The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 2, wherein, The gas outlet and the liquid outlet are respectively located at the top and bottom of the desorption tower. The liquid inlet is located between the gas outlet and the liquid outlet.

4. The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The pressurizing component is an air compressor or a blower; the absorbent is an amine solution absorbent.

5. The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that It further includes a first pressure component and a second pressure component; The first pressure component is connected to the first inlet and is used to monitor the flue gas pressure at the first inlet; the second pressure component is connected to the gas outlet and is used to monitor the pressure at the gas outlet.

6. The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first pressure component and the second pressure component are set as automatic recording pressure gauges.

7. The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It further includes a reboiler and a heat exchanger; The reboiler is connected in series to the desorption tower to provide heat to obtain the regenerated gas and pure absorbent; The first liquid inlet and the first liquid outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the second outlet of the absorption tower and the liquid inlet of the desorption tower, and the second liquid inlet and the second liquid outlet of the heat exchanger are respectively connected to the liquid outlet of the desorption tower and the second inlet of the absorption tower.

8. The pressurized carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 7, wherein, It further includes a rich liquid pump, a lean liquid pump and a cooler; The rich liquid pump is connected in series between the first liquid outlet of the heat exchanger and the liquid inlet of the desorption tower, and the lean liquid pump and the cooler are connected in series in turn between the second liquid outlet of the heat exchanger and the second inlet of the absorption tower.

9. A pressurized carbon dioxide capture system, characterized in that, It includes the pressurized carbon dioxide capture device and the collection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; The collection device is connected to the gas outlet of the desorption tower and is used to collect the regenerated gas.

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