A complete removal device for photovoltaic module backsheet

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module, and the device mainly comprises a heating unit, a laser scribing and cutting unit, a scraper clamping unit, and a push rod separation unit. When the device is working, the heating unit is first started to heat and soften the adhesive film. After heating, the laser scribing and cutting unit laser scribes and cuts the photovoltaic backsheet from the short side of the photovoltaic laminate without the frame and the junction box. After the scribing and cutting is completed, the lower clamp claw shovels in from the cut, and after shoveling in, it cooperates with the clamp claw to clamp and press the photovoltaic backsheet. After clamping, the scraper clamping unit moves up and pulls as a whole, and then the push rod enters the angle between the photovoltaic backsheet and the glass surface, supports the photovoltaic backsheet and continues to move forward, accelerating the peeling of the photovoltaic backsheet. Compared with the prior art, the device of the present invention can realize the decomposition of the tearing action into two directions: horizontal pushing and vertical pulling, which can make the backsheet evenly stressed and ensure the integrity of the backsheet to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic module recycling, and in particular to a device for completely removing a photovoltaic module back sheet. Background Art

[0002] The resource recovery and green recycling of retired photovoltaic panels has become a hot topic. Due to the cross-linked, firm nature of photovoltaic films, traditional direct pyrolysis poses environmental concerns, making it difficult to dispose of fluorinated photovoltaic backsheets separately. The tension and strength of torn-off panels make them difficult to completely rewind.

[0003] For example, CN116159841A discloses a disassembly system and method for recycling photovoltaic modules, which includes a junction box removal device, a frame removal device, a back panel edge device, a first heating device, a back panel peeling device, a second heating device and a cell removal device, so as to realize the automatic removal of the junction box, the frame, the back panel and the cell. However, the photovoltaic module recycling disassembly system in CN116159841A has three stations for tearing off the back panel, namely heating-cutting-removing, which occupies a large area, has a complicated process and low removal efficiency; the tunnel kiln is used for heating, but the two ends of the tunnel kiln cannot be completely sealed, resulting in a large heat loss, and the back panel is generally The tearing temperature is around 100-200℃, and the whole plate of heated glass will also absorb a lot of heat and generate unnecessary energy consumption. The use of tunnel kilns is costly, occupies a large area, and consumes a lot of energy; the split clamps will cause uneven force, and the backboard will be partially torn during the tearing process; the double roller clamping and then rotating tearing process is adopted, and the rollers are prone to slipping between the rotating rollers and the backboard, and the backboard has a certain hardness and irregular deformation after heating, which makes it difficult to roll and unload the material; the edge is directly scraped with a spatula, but in actual process, because there are no solar cells and welding ribbons at the edge of the photovoltaic module, its thickness is thinner, and the backboard is tightly attached to the glass, making it difficult to shovel in from the edge to start the edge.

[0004] Based on this situation, there is an urgent need for a complete removal device for the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a complete removal device for the back panel of a photovoltaic module in order to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art. By setting an upper clamp claw, a lower clamp claw and a vertical clamp adjustment assembly, the tearing action can be disassembled into two directions: horizontal pushing and vertical pulling. The photovoltaic back panel can be evenly stressed, and the integrity of the photovoltaic back panel can be guaranteed to the greatest extent. The heating-cutting-removal is integrated in the same work station, which is conducive to improving the removal efficiency.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device, the photovoltaic module includes a photovoltaic backsheet and photovoltaic glass and battery layer connected to the photovoltaic backsheet, the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device is used to peel off the photovoltaic backsheet in the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device includes a heating unit, a laser scribing and cutting unit, a scraper clamping unit, a push rod separation unit, and a truss; the heating unit, the laser scribing and cutting unit, the scraper clamping unit, and the push rod separation unit are all connected to the truss; the heating unit is arranged in front of the forward direction of the push rod, and the heating unit is used to heat the photovoltaic module; the scraper clamping unit includes an upper clamp claw and a lower clamp claw, and a clamp adjustment assembly, the peeled photovoltaic backsheet is clamped between the upper clamp claw and the lower clamp claw; the upper clamp claw is connected to the clamp adjustment assembly; the lower clamp claw is connected to the clamp adjustment assembly; The push rod separation unit includes a push rod, which is arranged between the photovoltaic backsheet and the photovoltaic glass and battery layer. The push rod is used to push the photovoltaic backsheet to accelerate and completely peel off; the laser scribing and cutting unit is used to identify and locate the photovoltaic component, determine the laser scribing starting position, the lower clamp claw cutting position and the push rod forward distance, and laser scribing and cutting the photovoltaic backsheet.

[0008] Furthermore, the heating unit is selected from one of a heating wire hot air heating unit and a hot steam heating unit.

[0009] Furthermore, the heating unit is a strip-shaped local heating unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the heating temperature of the heating unit is 100°C~200°C.

[0011] Furthermore, the heating temperature and heating position of the heating unit starts from the short side of the photovoltaic backplane and moves in the forward direction of the push rod to continuously move and heat. The heating time of each time the heating unit moves forward the distance of the heating unit width is 30 to 60 seconds.

[0012] Furthermore, the heating units are all strip-shaped; the length of the heating units is substantially the same as the width of the photovoltaic module, and the width of the heating units is 1 / 20 to 1 / 5 of the length of the photovoltaic module.

[0013] Furthermore, the laser scribing and cutting unit includes a visual recognition subunit and a laser cutting subunit; the visual recognition subunit is used to identify and locate photovoltaic modules; the laser cutting subunit is used to laser scribing and cutting the photovoltaic backsheet.

[0014] Furthermore, the laser scribing and cutting unit also includes an industrial control computer (industrial control computer).

[0015] Furthermore, the industrial computer is plugged with a laser control card.

[0016] Furthermore, the laser cutting subunit includes a laser; the visual recognition subunit includes an image recognizer; the laser and the image recognizer are respectively connected to an industrial computer; and the industrial computer is connected to the push rod separation unit.

[0017] Furthermore, the image recognizer is a CCD camera.

[0018] Furthermore, the industrial computer is used to determine the laser scribing starting position, the lower clamp claw cutting position and the push rod forward distance after receiving the signal transmitted by the laser cutting sub-unit, and transmit the processed signal to the laser cutting sub-unit to perform laser scribing and cutting of the photovoltaic backplane, and transmit it to the push rod separation unit to control the lower clamp claw blade cutting position and the push rod forward distance.

[0019] Furthermore, the upper clamp claw is used to apply tightening pressure; the lower clamp claw is in the shape of a spatula and is used for cutting edges; the shape of the lower surface of the upper clamp claw matches the shape of the upper surface of the lower clamp claw to better support the photovoltaic backplane.

[0020] Furthermore, the surfaces of the upper clamping claw and the lower clamping claw are both provided with patterns for increasing friction, and the patterns may be wavy patterns.

[0021] Furthermore, the surfaces facing each other of the upper clamp claw and the lower clamp claw are planes with patterns.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper clamp claw is slidably connected to the clamp adjustment assembly; the lower clamp claw is slidably connected to the clamp adjustment assembly; the upper clamp claw and the lower clamp claw can move vertically along the clamp adjustment assembly synchronously or asynchronously (lift or drop).

[0023] Furthermore, the push rod is selected from a wedge-shaped push rod, a cylindrical push rod, and a semi-cylindrical push rod.

[0024] Furthermore, the technical concept of the present invention is as follows:

[0025] The present invention integrates heating, cutting and removal into one workstation, simplifying the process and improving efficiency.

[0026] If the entire panel is heated before being torn off, heating is stopped during the tearing process. During the movement of the clamps, the untorn portion will gradually cool down at a faster rate. Once cooled, it will be difficult to continue tearing off and the entire panel will need to be reheated. Repeated heating of the entire panel will result in a long heating time for the partially torn photovoltaic backsheet (film), which will reduce the film strength. Local heating will be more efficient. If the entire panel is heated continuously, on the one hand, large-area heating will take a long time and consume high energy. On the other hand, large-area heating will result in a long heating time for other parts, which will reduce the film strength. The local heating method preferably adopted in the present invention is easier to control the temperature than continuous heating of the entire panel, and has better continuity than intermittent heating of the entire panel. If a laser whose temperature is difficult to control is used, the ignition temperature of the film may be reached, igniting the film and catching fire.

[0027] Using a large-area clamp and using a push rod to push forward can greatly solve the problems of slipping, tearing, and slow speed. The surface of the clamp is set with a wave pattern to increase friction and avoid puncturing the backboard due to being too sharp.

[0028] The present invention uses laser scribing to uniformly cut out a complete edge, so that the back plate is broken neatly at the cut, and further cutting is easier.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1) This technical solution provides a complete photovoltaic module backsheet removal device that can completely peel the photovoltaic backsheet from the waste photovoltaic laminate, reducing pollutants in subsequent processing. It integrates heating, cutting, and removal in the same station, which is conducive to improving removal efficiency.

[0031] 2) This technical solution provides a photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device. By setting an upper clamp claw, a lower clamp claw, a vertical clamp adjustment component, and a push rod, the tearing action is broken down into two directions: horizontal pushing and vertical pulling. This can make the photovoltaic backsheet evenly stressed and ensure the integrity of the photovoltaic backsheet to the greatest extent.

[0032] 3) This technical solution provides a device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. When local heating is further adopted, local heating and hot air circulation can reduce energy consumption. The forward movement of the push rod ensures uniform force, and the photovoltaic backsheet after tearing off is convenient for unloading as a whole sheet. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device in an embodiment of the present invention (in the state of performing laser scribing and cutting).

[0034] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device in an embodiment of the present invention (photovoltaic module moving state).

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of .

[0036] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device in an embodiment of the present invention (the state of the scraper clamping unit clamping the photovoltaic backsheet).

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of .

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device in an embodiment of the present invention (the push rod is in the state of peeling off the photovoltaic backsheet).

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of .

[0040] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device in Example 2 of the present invention (the heating unit is not shown).

[0041] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device in Example 1 of the present invention (the heating unit is not shown).

[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device in Example 3 of the present invention (the heating unit is not shown).

[0043] Figure 11 It is a partial side view of the complete removal device of the photovoltaic module back sheet in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 It is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Numbers in the figure:

[0046] 1- Photovoltaic laminate without frame and junction box, 12- Photovoltaic backsheet, 13- Photovoltaic glass and cell layer, 21- Upper clamp claw, 22- Lower clamp claw, 23- Laser scribing and cutting unit, 231, Visual recognition subunit, 232, Laser cutting subunit, 24- Clamp adjustment assembly, 3- Push rod, 31- Wedge push rod, 32- Cylindrical push rod, 33- Semi-cylindrical push rod, 4- Heating unit, 41- Heating wire hot air heating unit, 5- Truss, 51- Upper truss, 52- Lower truss, 521- Support frame, 522, Conveyor wheel, 523- Conveyor roller, 524- Lifting rod, L is creepage distance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Component models, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms, and other features not explicitly described in this technical solution are considered common technical features disclosed in the prior art.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0049] It should be noted that, in the present invention, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0050] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figures 1 to 7As shown in Figures 9, 11 and 12, this embodiment provides a device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module is a photovoltaic laminate 1 without a frame and a junction box. The photovoltaic laminate 1 without a frame and a junction box includes a photovoltaic backsheet 12 and photovoltaic glass and cell layers 13 connected to the photovoltaic backsheet 12. The device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module is used to peel off the photovoltaic backsheet 12 in the photovoltaic module.

[0053] In this embodiment, the push rod 3 moves in the X-axis direction, the long side of the photovoltaic backsheet 12 is along the X-axis direction, the short side of the photovoltaic backsheet 12 is along the Y-axis direction, and the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction.

[0054] The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device comprises:

[0055] The photovoltaic module backboard complete removal device includes a heating unit 4, a laser scribing and cutting unit 23, a scraper clamping unit, a push rod separation unit, and a truss 5; the heating unit 4, the laser scribing and cutting unit 23, the scraper clamping unit, and the push rod separation unit are all connected to the truss 5.

[0056] The truss 5 includes an upper truss 51 and a lower truss 52 . The upper truss 51 is connected to the lower truss 52 . The heating unit 4 , the laser scribing and cutting unit 23 , the blade clamping unit, and the push rod separation unit are all connected to the upper truss 51 . The photovoltaic module can be supported on the lower truss 52 . The lower truss 52 includes a feed and discharge part and a processing part. The feed and discharge part is arranged at both ends of the processing part for feeding and discharging. The upper truss 51 is arranged above the processing part. The feed and discharge part is provided with a conveying roller 523. The conveying roller 523 is used to convey the photovoltaic components from the feed and discharge part into the processing part to realize feeding or convey the photovoltaic components from the processing part into the feed and discharge part to realize discharging. The processing part includes a support frame 521 and a conveying wheel 522. The support frame 521 is a frame body arranged at intervals. The conveying wheel 522 is arranged between adjacent frames. The conveying wheel 522 is connected to the lifting rod 524. The lifting rod 524 adopts a conventional electric lifting rod. The conveying wheel 522 can be raised and lowered by the lifting rod 524. When the conveying wheel 522 is raised, it can be higher than the height of the support frame 521, lift the photovoltaic component and realize transmission. When the conveying wheel 522 is lowered, it can be lower than the height of the support frame 521. The photovoltaic component is mounted on the support frame 521 to perform various operations. In this embodiment, the heating unit 4 is a heating wire hot air heating unit 41. The heating unit 4 is arranged in front of the forward direction of the push rod 3 and is arranged above the photovoltaic backboard 12. The heating unit 4 is used to heat the photovoltaic module. In the heating wire hot air heating unit 41, the heating wire can be separately configured for heating outside the heating position of the photovoltaic module backboard complete removal device, and then hot air is sent in. The heating unit 4 is slidably connected to the upper truss 51 through a heating unit connecting frame. The heating unit 4 is connected to the heating unit connecting frame, and the heating unit connecting frame can slide on the upper truss 51. The specific implementation form is achieved through an electric slide, which is a conventional technical means in this field.

[0057] The heating wire hot air heating unit 41 is strip-shaped for local heating, and the length direction of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 is parallel to the short side of the photovoltaic backsheet 12 .

[0058] The scraper clamping unit includes an upper clamping jaw 21, a lower clamping jaw 22, and a clamp adjustment assembly 24. The clamp adjustment assembly 24 includes an upper clamping jaw driver and a lower clamping jaw driver. The peeled photovoltaic backsheet 12 is clamped between the upper clamping jaw 21 and the lower clamping jaw 22. The upper and lower clamping jaw drivers of the clamp adjustment assembly 24 are driven vertically. In this embodiment, the upper clamping jaw 21 is slidably connected to the clamp adjustment assembly 24, while the lower clamping jaw 22 is slidably connected to the clamp adjustment assembly 24. The upper clamping jaw 21 is used to apply tightening pressure; the lower clamping jaw 22 is scraper-shaped and is used for edge cutting. The shape of the lower surface of the upper clamping jaw 21 matches the shape of the upper surface of the lower clamping jaw 22 to better support the photovoltaic backsheet 12. The upper clamping jaw driver is connected to the upper clamping jaw 21, and the lower clamping jaw driver is connected to the lower clamping jaw 22. The upper clamp claw driver is used to drive the upper clamp claw 21 to slide on the clamp adjustment assembly 24, and the lower clamp claw driver is used to drive the lower clamp claw 22 to slide on the clamp adjustment assembly 24. The upper clamp claw driver and the lower clamp claw driver can be linear cylinders or other commonly used drivers, which are used to drive the upper clamp claw 21 and the lower clamp claw 22 to move along the z-axis direction, respectively, which is a conventional technical means in this field. The upper clamp claw 21 and the lower clamp claw 22 can move vertically synchronously or asynchronously (lift or lower) along the clamp adjustment assembly 24. The blade clamping unit is slidably connected to the upper truss 51 through the blade clamping unit connecting frame. The blade clamping unit is connected to the blade clamping unit connecting frame. The blade clamping unit connecting frame can slide on the upper truss 51. The specific implementation form is achieved through an electric slide, which is a conventional technical means in this field.

[0059] The push rod separation unit includes a push rod 3, which is disposed between the photovoltaic backsheet 12 and the photovoltaic glass and cell layer 13. The push rod 3 is used to push the photovoltaic backsheet 12 to accelerate and completely peel off. The push rod separation unit is slidably connected to the upper truss 51 via a push rod separation unit connecting frame. The push rod separation unit is connected to the push rod separation unit connecting frame, and the push rod separation unit connecting frame can slide on the upper truss 51. The specific implementation form is to achieve this through an electric slide, which is a conventional technical means in the field.

[0060] In this embodiment, the push rod 3 is a cylindrical push rod 32 .

[0061] The laser scribing and cutting unit 23 is positioned above the photovoltaic module and is used to identify and locate the photovoltaic module, determine the laser scribing start position, the lower clamp jaw 22 cut position, and the forward travel of the push rod 3, and to laser-scribe and cut the photovoltaic backsheet 12. The laser scribing and cutting unit 23 includes an industrial computer, a visual recognition subunit 231, and a laser cutting subunit 232. The visual recognition subunit 231 is used to identify and locate the photovoltaic module; the laser cutting subunit 232 is used to laser-scribe and cut the photovoltaic backsheet 12. The laser cutting subunit 232 includes a laser, which can be a small UV laser cutter or a CO2 laser cutter, particularly an LS-D20W laser. The visual recognition subunit 231 includes an image recognizer. The laser and image recognizer are each communicatively connected to the industrial computer, which is in communication with the push rod separation unit. The image recognizer is a CCD camera. The industrial computer is used to receive the signal transmitted by the laser cutting subunit 232, determine the laser marking starting position, the lower clamp claw 22 cutting position and the forward distance of the push rod 3, and transmit the processed signal to the laser cutting subunit 232 to perform laser marking and cutting of the photovoltaic backboard 12, and transmit it to the push rod separation unit to control the lower clamp claw 22 blade cutting position and the forward distance of the push rod 3. The industrial computer is plugged with a laser control card, and the industrial computer and the laser control card are both commercially available. The communication connection is a wired or wireless connection. The laser cutting subunit 232 is slidably connected to the upper truss 51 through a laser cutting subunit connecting frame. The laser cutting subunit 232 is connected to the laser cutting subunit connecting frame, and the laser cutting subunit connecting frame can slide on the upper truss 51. The specific implementation form is achieved by an electric slide, which is a conventional technical means in this field. The laser is slidably connected to the laser cutting subunit connecting frame, specifically implemented by an electric slide, which is a conventional technical means in the field. The laser can move along the Y-axis direction of the laser cutting subunit connecting frame to laser-scribe and cut the photovoltaic backsheet 12. The visual recognition subunit 231 is connected to the upper truss 51 and can be set above the photovoltaic module. The visual recognition subunit 231 can be set at the top of the upper truss 51, facing the photovoltaic module, to identify the position of the photovoltaic module.

[0062] The heating temperature of the heating unit 4 is 100°C to 200°C.

[0063] The heating position of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 starts from the short side of one side of the photovoltaic backboard 12, and slowly moves forward in the forward direction of the push rod 3 to continuously move and heat until it reaches the short side of the other side of the photovoltaic backboard 12. The heating time of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 is 30 to 60 seconds each time it moves forward the width of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41. During the heating process, the heat of the heating area on the photovoltaic backboard 12 facing the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 will be transferred to the surrounding area to ensure that the position where the push rod 3 moves is at the heating temperature, which is convenient for peeling.

[0064] The heating wire hot air heating unit 41 includes a ventilation pipe and a heating body. A heating wire is provided in the heating body. The ventilation pipe and the heating body are connected. A plurality of nozzles are provided in the heating body. The plurality of nozzles are connected to the ventilation pipe. The heating body is provided with an air outlet. The heating wire is provided between the air outlet and the nozzle. The cold air enters the nozzle through the ventilation pipe and is dispersed and ejected. Then, it is heated by the heating wire and hot air is ejected from the air outlet.

[0065] The surfaces of the upper clamping claw 21 and the lower clamping claw 22 are both provided with patterns for increasing friction. The surfaces facing each other of the upper clamping claw 21 and the lower clamping claw 22 are planes provided with patterns. The patterns can be wavy.

[0066] The working method of the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device comprises the following steps:

[0067] Before operation, the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device is leveled. During operation, the photovoltaic laminate 1, stripped of its frame and junction box, is first transferred to the workstation. The visual recognition subunit 231 of the laser scribing and cutting unit 23 identifies the dimensions and positions the photovoltaic module. Once positioned, the heating unit 4 is activated to heat and soften the adhesive film at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C. Heating unit 4 (heating wire hot air heating unit 41) heats the strips for 30 to 60 seconds, starting at the short edge. Only the short edge is heated. After heating is complete, heating unit 4 moves a short distance along the X-axis, away from the laser cutting subunit 232, to approach the blade clamping unit. At the same time, the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box is moved a distance along the X-axis in the direction close to the laser cutting sub-unit 232, the visual recognition sub-unit 231 recognizes the position of the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box, the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box is below the laser of the laser cutting sub-unit 232, and the laser scribing and cutting unit 23 performs laser scribing and cutting of the photovoltaic backsheet 12 (such as the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box) from the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box. Figure 1As shown in the figure, during the cutting process, the laser moves along the Y-axis direction to cut, and the distance between the marking position and the short side of the photovoltaic module is less than its creepage distance L, so as to protect the photovoltaic glass and the cells in the cell layer 13 as much as possible and reduce the residue of the photovoltaic backsheet 12. After the marking and cutting is completed, the photovoltaic laminate 1 without the frame and junction box is moved along the X-axis for a distance (as shown in the figure) in the direction close to the blade clamping unit. Figure 2 、 3 As shown in the figure, the marking position is below the scraper clamping unit, and the lower clamp claw 22 descends along the Z axis, approaches the photovoltaic backsheet 12, and then shovels in from the cutting position along the X axis. After shoveling in, the upper clamp claw 21 descends along the Z axis, clamps and presses the photovoltaic backsheet 12. After clamping, the scraper clamping unit moves upward along the Z axis as a whole and moves forward along the X axis to pull it up, so that the photovoltaic backsheet 12 is gradually peeled off and forms an angle and space for the push rod 3 to enter the glass surface between the photovoltaic glass and the battery layer 13 (as shown in the figure). Figure 4 、 5 As shown), the whole moves up 10~20cm and then stops. The push rod 3 enters the angle between the photovoltaic back sheet 12 and the photovoltaic glass and the glass surface of the cell layer 13 along the X axis, and continues to move forward after supporting the photovoltaic back sheet 12 to accelerate the peeling of the photovoltaic back sheet 12 (as shown). Figure 6 、 7 As shown), during the peeling process, the scraper clamping unit maintains a basically unchanged position, and the push rod 3 and the heating unit 4 advance along the X-axis to perform heating synchronously (the heating position of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 starts from the short side of one side of the photovoltaic backsheet 12, and slowly advances in the advancing direction of the push rod 3 to continuously move and heat until it reaches the short side of the other side of the photovoltaic backsheet 12. The heating time of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 each time it advances the distance of the width of the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 is 30 to 60 seconds. During the heating process, the heat of the heated area on the photovoltaic backsheet 12 facing the heating wire hot air heating unit 41 will be transferred to the surrounding area to ensure that the position where the push rod 3 moves is at the heating temperature, which is convenient for peeling), clamping and peeling actions. After the peeling is completed, the glass is first conveyed out, and then the upper clamp claw 21 and the lower clamp claw 22 are released to make the photovoltaic backsheet 12 fall and convey it out, and finally all units are reset.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a complete removal device for the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0070] In this embodiment, the push rod 3 is a wedge-shaped push rod 31 .

[0071] Example 3

[0072] like Figure 10As shown, this embodiment provides a complete removal device for the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that:

[0073] In this embodiment, the push rod 3 is a semi-cylindrical push rod 33 .

[0074] Example 4

[0075] This embodiment provides a method for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module. Based on the working method of the device for completely removing the backsheet of a photovoltaic module provided in Example 1, the specific laser scribing process (for laser scribing and cutting the photovoltaic backsheet 12) includes the following steps:

[0076] S1. Camera ranging, i.e., ranging using the visual recognition subunit 231. Define a corner of the photovoltaic laminate 1 as the center O, the long side as the X-axis, and the short side as the Y-axis. Define the length of the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1 as Y0. Identify the edge of the busbar (laminated busbar) at the top of the photovoltaic module (near the Y-axis) and the edge of the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1, and measure the minimum distance L between the busbar edge and the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1. Specifically, using the short side as the Y-axis as the baseline, measure the distance L along the long side's X-axis forward to the busbar edge. Define this distance L as the creepage distance.

[0077] S2. Determine the marking position. Take the short side as the Y axis and move forward along the long side until it reaches the edge of the busbar but does not reach the edge of the busbar. Define this distance as L0. <L。

[0078] S3. Laser Scribing. The laser cutting subunit 232 is activated and reset to the center point O of a corner of the photovoltaic laminate 1. It then moves forward along the long side X-axis for a distance L0 and stops. The laser is activated, and the laser cutting subunit 232 remains stationary along the X-axis. The laser cutting subunit 232 moves horizontally along the Y-axis and begins scribing. The scribing distance is equal to the length Y0 of the short side of the photovoltaic laminate 1. After scribing is completed, the laser cutting subunit 232 returns to its original position.

[0079] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device, the photovoltaic module comprising a photovoltaic backsheet (12) and photovoltaic glass and a cell layer (13) connected to the photovoltaic backsheet (12), the photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device being used for stripping the photovoltaic backsheet (12) in the photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device comprises a heating unit (4), a laser scribing and cutting unit (23), a scraper clamping unit, a push rod separation unit, and a truss (5); the heating unit (4), the laser scribing and cutting unit (23), the scraper clamping unit, and the push rod separation unit are all connected to the truss (5); The heating unit (4) is arranged in front of the push rod in the forward direction, and the heating unit (4) is used to heat the photovoltaic assembly; The blade clamping unit comprises an upper clamping claw (21), a lower clamping claw (22), and a clamp adjusting assembly (24); the peeled photovoltaic backsheet (12) is clamped between the upper clamping claw (21) and the lower clamping claw (22); The upper clamp claw (21) is connected to the clamp adjustment assembly (24); the lower clamp claw (22) is connected to the clamp adjustment assembly (24); The push rod separation unit comprises a push rod (3), the push rod (3) being arranged between the photovoltaic back sheet (12) and the photovoltaic glass and cell layer (13), and the push rod (3) being used to push the photovoltaic back sheet (12) to accelerate complete peeling; The laser scribing and cutting unit (23) is arranged above the photovoltaic module, and is used to identify and locate the photovoltaic module, determine the laser scribing starting position, the cutting position of the lower clamp claw (22) and the forward distance of the push rod (3), and laser scribing and cutting the photovoltaic backsheet (12).

2. A photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating unit (4) is a strip-shaped local heating unit; The heating unit (4) is one of a heating wire hot air heating unit (41) and a hot steam heating unit.

3. A photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that The heating unit (4) is arranged in front of the forward direction of the push rod (3).

4. The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating temperature of the heating unit (4) is 100°C to 200°C; The heating position of the heating unit (4) starts from the short side of the photovoltaic back panel (12) and moves in the forward direction of the push rod (3) to continuously move and heat; The heating time each time the heating unit (4) moves forward a distance equal to the width of the heating unit (4) is 30 to 60 seconds.

5. The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser scribing and cutting unit (23) includes a visual recognition subunit (231) and a laser cutting subunit (232); The visual recognition subunit (231) is used to identify and locate photovoltaic modules; The laser cutting subunit (232) is used for laser scribing and cutting the photovoltaic backsheet (12).

6. The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser scribing and cutting unit (23) further includes an industrial computer; The laser cutting subunit (232) includes a laser; The visual recognition subunit (231) includes an image recognizer; The laser and image recognizer are respectively connected to the industrial computer; The industrial computer is connected to the push rod separation unit; The industrial computer is used to receive the signal transmitted by the laser cutting subunit (232) to determine the laser marking starting position, the cutting position of the lower clamp claw (22) and the forward distance of the push rod (3), transmit the processed signal to the laser cutting subunit (232) to perform laser marking and cutting of the photovoltaic backboard (12), and transmit the signal to the push rod separation unit to control the blade cutting position of the lower clamp claw (22) and the forward distance of the push rod (3).

7. The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamp claw (21) is used to apply tightening pressure; The lower clamp claw (22) is in the shape of a scraper and is used for edge cutting.

8. The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the upper clamp claw (21) and the lower clamp claw (22) are both provided with patterns for increasing friction.

9. The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper clamp claw (21) is slidably connected to the clamp adjustment assembly (24); The lower clamp claw (22) is slidably connected to the clamp adjustment assembly (24).

10. The photovoltaic module backsheet complete removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod (3) is selected from a wedge-shaped push rod (31), a cylindrical push rod (32), and a semi-cylindrical push rod (33).

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