Low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-voltage power supply and distribution system for a new energy vehicle. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system comprises a power battery module, a DC / DC converter, a capacitor energy storage module, a power supply control unit, a low-voltage power distribution module and a high-voltage power distribution module, a battery management system of the power battery module is connected with a CAN bus of a power supply control unit, and the power supply control unit is in signal connection with a low-voltage power distribution module and a high-voltage power distribution module so as to perform high-voltage / low-voltage power supply control. A power battery pack of the power battery module is electrically connected with the high-voltage power distribution module so as to carry out high-voltage power supply through the high-voltage power distribution module; the DC / DC converter is electrically connected with the high-voltage power distribution module, the output end of the DC / DC converter is connected with the input end of the capacitive energy storage module, the output end of the capacitive energy storage module is electrically connected with the low-voltage power distribution module, and the low-voltage power distribution module provides a low-voltage power supply for a low-voltage electric appliance. The weight and the cost of the new energy vehicle can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-voltage power supply for new energy vehicles, and more specifically, to a low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid increase in the market share of new energy vehicles, compared with traditional fuel vehicles, the power source of the vehicle has changed fundamentally, and the on-vehicle high-voltage electrical energy reserve has increased. Currently, most new energy pure electric vehicle models on the market use three components, namely a low-voltage battery, a DC / DC converter, and a low-voltage electrical box, to provide power supply and power supply protection for the electrical appliances on the vehicle's low-voltage platform. However, the existing low-voltage batteries usually use lead-acid batteries, which have a large weight and a relatively short service life, increasing the vehicle maintenance time. At the same time, the DC / DC converter and the low-voltage electrical box are arranged separately, resulting in poor vehicle space utilization and complex wiring harness connections, affecting the vehicle reliability. Therefore, how to provide a lightweight and integrated low-voltage power distribution system for new energy vehicles is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles, which solves the problems of scattered layout, complex wiring harness, and long maintenance time in the low-voltage power distribution of existing new energy vehicles, and can reduce the weight and cost of new energy vehicles, and improve the lightweight and integration of the vehicle.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles, comprising: a power battery module, a DC / DC converter, a capacitor energy storage module, a power control unit, a low-voltage distribution module, and a high-voltage distribution module;

[0006] The battery management system of the power battery module is connected to the power control unit through a CAN bus, and the power control unit is respectively signal-connected to the low-voltage distribution module and the high-voltage distribution module to perform high-voltage / low-voltage power supply control;

[0007] The power battery pack of the power battery module is electrically connected to the high-voltage distribution module to perform high-voltage power supply through the high-voltage distribution module;

[0008] The DC / DC converter is electrically connected to the high-voltage distribution module, the output end of the DC / DC converter is connected to the input end of the capacitor energy storage module, the output end of the capacitor energy storage module is electrically connected to the low-voltage distribution module, and the low-voltage distribution module provides low-voltage power for low-voltage electrical appliances.

[0009] Preferably, the capacitor energy storage module is integrated with the DC / DC converter to provide a low-voltage power output for a vehicle to restart during and after power-off, and to complete charging and energy storage when the vehicle is powered on with high voltage.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes: an in-vehicle terminal;

[0011] The in-vehicle terminal is communicatively connected with the power control unit through a CAN bus, and the in-vehicle terminal is signal-connected to the capacitor energy storage module;

[0012] After receiving a wake-up instruction sent by a user's mobile terminal, the in-vehicle terminal wakes up the capacitor energy storage module to perform a discharging function.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes: a vehicle controller;

[0014] The vehicle controller is connected to the in-vehicle terminal through a CAN bus and is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module to control power-on / off and drive of the whole vehicle.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes: a trigger switch;

[0016] The trigger switch is signal-connected to the capacitor energy storage module. When the trigger switch is pressed, the capacitor energy storage module turns on the low-voltage discharging function.

[0017] Preferably, the capacitor energy storage module includes: an energy storage capacitor, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, and a control circuit;

[0018] The energy storage capacitor is electrically connected to the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, and the control circuit respectively. The energy storage capacitor is connected to the output terminal of the DC / DC converter through the charging circuit, the energy storage capacitor is connected to the low-voltage power distribution module through the discharging circuit, and the energy storage capacitor is signal-connected to the trigger switch and the in-vehicle terminal through the control circuit.

[0019] Preferably, the high-voltage power distribution module includes: a high-voltage contactor and a fuse;

[0020] The high-voltage contactor is signal-connected to the power control unit. The power control unit controls the on / off of the high-voltage contactor to perform high-voltage power supply control.

[0021] Preferably, the low-voltage power distribution module includes: a relay and a fuse;

[0022] The relay is signal-connected to the power control unit. The power control unit controls the on / off of the relay to perform low-voltage power supply control.

[0023] Preferably, the power control unit is a vehicle PDU.

[0024] The present invention provides a low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles. A capacitive energy storage module is arranged at the output end of the DC / DC converter to provide a low-voltage power supply output for the low-voltage electrical appliances of the whole vehicle, and to complete charging and energy storage when the DC / DC converter is working, so as to solve the problems of scattered layout, complex wiring harness and long maintenance time existing in the low-voltage power distribution of existing new energy vehicles, reduce the weight and cost of new energy vehicles, and improve the lightweight and integration of vehicles. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles provided by the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0028] Aiming at the problems existing in the low-voltage power distribution of current new energy vehicles, the present invention provides a low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles, which solves the problems of scattered layout, complex wiring harness and long maintenance time existing in the low-voltage power distribution of existing new energy vehicles, reduces the weight and cost of new energy vehicles, and improves the lightweight and integration of vehicles.

[0029] As Figure 1 shown, a low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles includes: a power battery module, a DC / DC converter, a capacitive energy storage module, a power control unit, a low-voltage distribution module and a high-voltage distribution module. The battery management system of the power battery module is connected to the power control unit through a CAN bus. The power control unit is respectively connected to the low-voltage distribution module and the high-voltage distribution module in signal connection to perform high-voltage / low-voltage power supply control. The power battery pack of the power battery module is electrically connected to the high-voltage distribution module to perform high-voltage power supply through the high-voltage distribution module. The DC / DC converter is electrically connected to the high-voltage distribution module. The output end of the DC / DC converter is connected to the input end of the capacitive energy storage module. The output end of the capacitive energy storage module is electrically connected to the low-voltage distribution module. The low-voltage distribution module provides a low-voltage power supply for low-voltage electrical appliances.

[0030] Further, the capacitive energy storage module is integrated with the DC / DC converter to provide a low-voltage power output for the vehicle's restart during and after power-off, and to complete charging and energy storage when the vehicle's high-voltage power is on.

[0031] Specifically, the DC / DC converter is responsible for stepping down the high-voltage power of the power battery and providing a low-voltage power supply for low-voltage electrical appliances when the vehicle's high-voltage power is on. The output end of the DC / DC converter integrates a capacitive energy storage module. The capacitive energy storage module can turn on the low-voltage discharge function according to the physical switch signal or the mobile phone remote network signal in the vehicle power-off state, provide a low-voltage power output for the vehicle's low-voltage electrical appliances, and complete charging and energy storage when the DC / DC converter is working. The capacitive energy storage module is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module, and provides a low-voltage power supply for low-voltage electrical appliances through the low-voltage power distribution module. This system can cancel the separate low-voltage battery assembly, connecting wires and fixing brackets, which can reduce the vehicle weight and cost. At the same time, canceling the separate low-voltage fuse relay box solves the problems of scattered component layout and complex wiring harness. This system can reduce the weight and cost of new energy vehicles and improve the lightweight and integration of the vehicle.

[0032] This system further includes: an in-vehicle terminal; the in-vehicle terminal is communicatively connected to the power control unit through the CAN bus, and the in-vehicle terminal is signal-connected to the capacitive energy storage module. After receiving the wake-up instruction sent by the user's mobile terminal, the in-vehicle terminal wakes up the capacitive energy storage module to perform the discharge function.

[0033] In practical applications, the in-vehicle terminal TBOX can receive the instructions of the mobile phone application APP through the 4G network, perform information conversion, and then wake up the low-voltage energy storage module to perform the discharge function according to the preset program.

[0034] This system further includes: a vehicle controller; the vehicle controller is connected to the in-vehicle terminal through the CAN bus and is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module to control the power-on / off and drive of the whole vehicle.

[0035] In practical applications, the vehicle controller VCU is responsible for the power-on / off control and drive control of the whole vehicle;

[0036] This system further includes: a trigger switch; the trigger switch is signal-connected to the capacitive energy storage module. When the trigger switch is pressed, the capacitive energy storage module turns on the low-voltage discharge function.

[0037] In practical applications, when the DC / DC power conversion module is in a stopped working state, the capacitor energy storage module receives a trigger switch signal or a trigger signal from the vehicle-mounted terminal TBOX, activates the low-voltage discharge function, and provides a constant power supply required for powering on / off and software upgrading for various vehicle controllers (such as the vehicle control unit VCU and the battery management module BMS) through the low-voltage power distribution module.

[0038] Further, the capacitor energy storage module includes: an energy storage capacitor, a charging circuit, a discharging circuit, and a control circuit; the energy storage capacitor is electrically connected to the charging circuit, the discharging circuit, and the control circuit respectively. The energy storage capacitor is connected to the output end of the DC / DC converter through the charging circuit, the energy storage capacitor is connected to the low-voltage power distribution module through the discharging circuit, and the energy storage capacitor is signal-connected to the trigger switch and the vehicle-mounted terminal through the control circuit.

[0039] Further, the high-voltage power distribution module includes: a high-voltage contactor and a fuse; the high-voltage contactor is signal-connected to the power supply control unit, and the power supply control unit controls the on / off of the high-voltage contactor to perform high-voltage power supply control.

[0040] Further, the low-voltage power distribution module includes: a relay and a fuse; the relay is signal-connected to the power supply control unit, and the power supply control unit controls the on / off of the relay to perform low-voltage power supply control.

[0041] Further, the power supply control unit is the vehicle PDU. The PDU controls the high-voltage and low-voltage power distribution modules to provide power protection and control for the high-voltage and low-voltage electrical appliances of the vehicle.

[0042] It can be seen that the present invention provides a low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles. A capacitor energy storage module is provided at the output end of the DC / DC converter to provide a low-voltage power supply output for the low-voltage electrical appliances of the whole vehicle, and the charging and energy storage are completed when the DC / DC converter is working, solving the problems of scattered layout, complex wiring harness, and long maintenance time existing in the low-voltage power distribution of existing new energy vehicles, reducing the weight and cost of new energy vehicles, and improving the lightweight and integration of the vehicle.

[0043] The structure, features, and function effects of the present invention have been described in detail based on the illustrated embodiments above. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope defined by the drawings. Any changes made according to the concept of the present invention, or equivalent embodiments modified into equivalent changes, still within the spirit covered by the description and the drawings, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles, characterized in that, Comprising: Power battery module, DC / DC converter, capacitive energy storage module, power control unit, low-voltage power distribution module, and high-voltage power distribution module; The battery management system of the power battery module is connected to the power control unit via a CAN bus. The power control unit is respectively connected to the low-voltage power distribution module and the high-voltage power distribution module for signal connection to perform high-voltage / low-voltage power supply control; The power battery pack of the power battery module is electrically connected to the high-voltage power distribution module to perform high-voltage power supply through the high-voltage power distribution module; The DC / DC converter is electrically connected to the high-voltage power distribution module. The output end of the DC / DC converter is connected to the input end of the capacitive energy storage module. The output end of the capacitive energy storage module is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module, and the low-voltage power distribution module provides low-voltage power for low-voltage electrical appliances.

2. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, wherein, The capacitive energy storage module is integrated with the DC / DC converter to provide a low-voltage power output for a vehicle restart during and after power-off, and to complete charging and energy storage when the DC / DC converter is working.

3. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles according to claim 2, wherein, Also comprising: on-vehicle terminal; The on-vehicle terminal is communicatively connected to the power control unit via a CAN bus, and the on-vehicle terminal is signal-connected to the capacitive energy storage module; After receiving a wake-up instruction sent by a user mobile terminal, the on-vehicle terminal wakes up the capacitive energy storage module to perform a discharge function.

4. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also comprising: Vehicle controller; The vehicle controller is connected to the on-vehicle terminal via a CAN bus and is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module to perform power-on / power-off control and drive control for the whole vehicle.

5. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles according to claim 4, wherein, Also comprising: Trigger switch; The trigger switch is signal-connected to the capacitive energy storage module. When the trigger switch is pressed, the capacitive energy storage module enables the low-voltage discharge function.

6. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that, The capacitive energy storage module includes: energy storage capacitor, charging circuit, discharging circuit, and control circuit; The energy storage capacitor is respectively electrically connected to the charging circuit, discharging circuit, and control circuit. The energy storage capacitor is connected to the output end of the DC / DC converter through the charging circuit, the energy storage capacitor is connected to the low-voltage power distribution module through the discharging circuit, and the energy storage capacitor is respectively signal-connected to the trigger switch and the on-vehicle terminal through the control circuit.

7. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that, The high-voltage power distribution module includes: high-voltage contactor and fuse; The high-voltage contactor is signal-connected to the power control unit. The power control unit controls the on / off of the high-voltage contactor to perform high-voltage power supply control.

8. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that, The low-voltage power distribution module includes: relay and fuse; The relay is signal-connected to the power control unit. The power control unit controls the on / off of the relay to perform low-voltage power supply control.

9. The low-voltage power supply and distribution system for new energy vehicles according to claim 8, wherein, The power control unit is a vehicle PDU.

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