Biomass carbonization furnace capable of realizing secondary combustion

Abstract

The biomass carbonization furnace comprises a furnace body, the furnace body is composed of an outer wall, an inner wall and a furnace core, the outer wall is of a brick-concrete structure, and the inner wall is built by refractory bricks; the furnace core is divided into a material channel and a flame channel through special-shaped refractory bricks, and the special-shaped refractory bricks comprise shutter bricks, partition bricks and triangular bricks. A feeding and distributing trolley is arranged at the upper part of the furnace body and is used for moving on the track, uniformly feeding raw materials into the stock bin and controlling the height and the flatness of a material layer; a water grate beam is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body and is connected with a heating circulating system to absorb waste heat in the biochar; and under the action of the induced draft fan, the flue gas transversely moves to the primary combustion chamber and is continuously combusted and heated under the action of the oxygen supplementing fan, a small part of combustible gas which is not completely decomposed in the flue gas is further completely combusted at an oxygen supplementing opening in the secondary combustion chamber to form high-temperature flue gas, and all heat enters the boiler and is absorbed for heating and heat exchange.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbonization furnaces, and particularly to a biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion. Background Art

[0002] In the production process of activated carbon, the optimization of carbonization technology and equipment is a key factor in improving product quality and production efficiency. Activated carbon is a porous carbon material made from organic substances through a carbonization and activation process, and is widely used in fields such as water treatment, air purification, and chemical production, and is valued for its extremely high specific surface area and adsorption capacity.

[0003] Traditional carbonization furnaces usually face various technical and environmental challenges. These carbonization furnaces are small in size, which limits the production scale and efficiency. At the same time, these devices can usually only process a single type of raw material, which is particularly disadvantageous when the raw material source is limited. In addition, due to technical limitations, incomplete combustion often occurs during the carbonization process in traditional carbonization furnaces, which not only reduces the energy utilization efficiency, but may also lead to the emission of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide, tar, and wood vinegar liquid, posing a threat to the environment and human health. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0005] For this purpose, the object of the present invention is to provide a biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion, which can solve the problem that incomplete combustion often occurs during the carbonization process in traditional carbonization furnaces, which not only reduces the energy utilization efficiency, but may also lead to the emission of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide, tar, and wood vinegar liquid, posing a threat to the environment and human health.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion, including a furnace body, which is composed of an outer wall, an inner wall, and a furnace core. The outer wall is a brick-concrete structure, and the inner wall is built with refractory bricks; the furnace core is divided into a material channel and a fire channel by special-shaped refractory bricks, and the special-shaped refractory bricks include shutter bricks, partition bricks, and triangular bricks; a feeding and distributing vehicle is provided at the upper part of the furnace body, and the distributing vehicle is used to move on the track and evenly feed the raw materials into the silo to control the height and flatness of the material layer; a water grate beam is provided at the lower part of the furnace body, and the water grate beam is connected to the heating circulation system to absorb the residual heat in the biochar.

[0007] Specifically, a receiving hopper is provided at the bottom of the furnace body, and the receiving hopper is divided into several small hoppers, and a sealing basin is provided at the discharge port to prevent the biochar from reigniting in the hopper.

[0008] Specifically, a left half furnace and a right half furnace are arranged inside the furnace body. The primary combustion chamber is connected to the secondary combustion chamber, and the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the waste heat boiler. The boiler is successively connected to an induced draft fan, a dust collector, and a chimney for heating.

[0009] Specifically, the interior of the carbonization furnace body is successively divided into: a feeding and distributing section, a bunker preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, a carbon storage and discharging section from top to bottom.

[0010] Specifically, the water grate beam is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, which are respectively connected to the water supply and return water of the heating circulation system.

[0011] Specifically, oxygen supplement ventilation openings are provided at both ends of the furnace body, and oxygen supplement fans are provided in the flue and the primary combustion chamber.

[0012] Specifically, the cooling section is provided with a plurality of cooling structures for cooling the biochar, and the cooled biochar is collected and discharged through a receiving hopper.

[0013] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, will become apparent in part from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention.

[0014] Beneficial effects: In the combustion section, a pyrolysis reaction occurs, and the organic substances in the raw materials are volatilized to produce combustible gases, forming mixed flue gas. The fixed carbon is retained to form biochar. The flue gas enters the flue, and combustion occurs under the condition of oxygen supplementation at the flue air inlet. The released heat maintains the pyrolysis reaction. At the same time, under the action of the induced draft fan, it moves horizontally to the primary combustion chamber and continues to burn and heat up under the action of the oxygen supplement fan. A small part of the combustible gas that is not completely decomposed in the flue gas is further completely burned at the oxygen supplement port in the secondary combustion chamber to form high-temperature flue gas. All the heat enters the boiler and is absorbed for heating and heat exchange. Description of the Drawings

[0015] The above-mentioned and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, wherein:

[0016] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the whole of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the whole of the present invention Figure 2 。

[0018] As shown in the figure:

[0019] 1. Outer wall; 2. Inner wall; 3. Air inlet; 4. Material channel; 5. Flue; 6. Oxygen supplement fan; 7. Special-shaped refractory brick; 9. Water grille beam; 10. Material receiving hopper; 11. Discharge port; 13. Furnace leg; 15. Silo; 16. Secondary combustion chamber; 17. Oxygen supplement ventilation opening; 18. Primary combustion chamber; 19. Left half furnace; 20. Right half furnace; 21. Water inlet; 22. Water outlet; 27. Charging car; 28. Waste heat boiler; 29. Induced draft fan. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present invention include all variations, modifications and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0021] The biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0022] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to the embodiment of the present invention, a biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion, includes a furnace body, the furnace body is composed of an outer wall 1, an inner wall 2 and a furnace core, the outer wall 1 is a brick-concrete structure, and the inner wall 2 is built with refractory bricks;

[0023] The furnace core is divided into a material channel 4 and a flue 5 by a special-shaped refractory brick 7, and the special-shaped refractory brick 7 includes a louver brick, a partition brick and a triangular brick;

[0024] A feeding and charging car 27 is provided at the upper part of the furnace body, and the charging car 27 is used to move on the track and evenly feed the raw materials into the silo 15 to control the height and flatness of the material layer;

[0025] A water grille beam 9 is provided at the lower part of the furnace body, and the water grille beam 9 is connected to the heating circulation system to absorb the waste heat in the biochar.

[0026] Further, a material receiving hopper 10 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body, the material receiving hopper 10 is divided into several small hoppers, and a sealing basin is provided at the discharge port 11 to prevent the biochar from reigniting in the hopper.

[0027] Further, a left half furnace 19 and a right half furnace 20 are provided inside the furnace body, the primary combustion chamber 18 is connected to the secondary combustion chamber 16, the secondary combustion chamber 16 is connected to the waste heat boiler 28, and the boiler is sequentially connected to the induced draft fan 29, the dust collector and the chimney for heating.

[0028] Further, the interior of the carbonization furnace main body is composed of a left half furnace and a right half furnace, which are successively divided into: a feeding and distributing section, a bunker preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, a carbon storage and discharging section from top to bottom.

[0029] Further, the water grate beam 9 is provided with a water inlet 21 and a water outlet 22, which are respectively connected to the water supply and return water of the heating circulation system.

[0030] Further, oxygen supplement ventilation openings 17 are provided at both ends of the furnace body, and oxygen supplement blowers 6 are provided in the flue 5 and the primary combustion chamber 18.

[0031] Further, a plurality of cooling structures are provided in the cooling section for cooling the biochar, and the cooled biochar is collected and discharged through the receiving hopper 10.

[0032] It should be noted that the brick-concrete outer wall 1 of the furnace body is built on the brick-concrete structure furnace legs 13. The interior of the furnace body is built with refractory bricks. The furnace core is composed of special-shaped refractory bricks 7, and the material channels 4 and the flues 5 are built with louver bricks and partition bricks. The carbon steel welded parts include: the distributing car 27, the water grate beam, the receiving hopper 10, the discharge port 11 and the sealing basin. In the inner cavity of the main body of the carbonization furnace, the main body is divided into a left half furnace and a right half furnace, and the primary combustion chamber 18 is in the middle. It is successively divided into a feeding and distributing section, a bunker preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, a carbon storage and discharging section from top to bottom. In the feeding section, the distributing car 27 moves on the track to evenly distribute the raw materials on the upper part of the bunker 15 to ensure the thickness of the material layer. In the preheating section, when the raw materials move downward, they are separated at the triangular brick part at the top of the furnace core bricks and enter the material channel 4, and are preheated by the refractory bricks while entering the material channel 4. In the combustion section, the raw materials are heated by the refractory bricks and undergo a pyrolysis reaction. The air for the pyrolysis reaction enters from the top material layer, passes through the material layer to maintain the oxidation reaction. The combustible gas enters the flue 5 through the gaps of the louvers and undergoes a combustion reaction with the air introduced from the air inlet 3. The generated flue gas moves horizontally to the primary combustion chamber 18 under the action of the induced draft fan 29, and then enters the secondary combustion chamber 16 in turn, and burns completely under the condition of adding oxygen. The generated heat enters the boiler. The organic matter in the raw materials is completely volatilized during the pyrolysis reaction to form combustible gas, and the fixed carbon is retained to form biochar. With the discharging operation, the biochar reaches the position of the water grate beam 9. The high-temperature carbon contacts the water grate beam 9, and the heat is absorbed by the water. The circulating water in the beam is heated and circulated to the heat exchanger part for heat recovery and heating. The biochar is cooled down and enters the receiving hopper 10 during the downward movement, and is simultaneously divided into several small hoppers, and is further cooled in the small hoppers, and is intermittently discharged from the discharge port 11. When not discharging carbon, the discharge port 11 is sealed by the water sealing basin to prevent the biochar from reigniting in the hopper.

[0033] The biomass raw materials used in the carbonization furnace device of the present invention are relatively extensive. For example, wood chips, bark, wood sections, straw, biomass pellets, fruit shells, etc. can all be used as raw materials, and biomass carbon can be produced. Through the special structure of the combustion section of the furnace body, solid-gas separation is achieved, low-temperature carbonization and high-temperature combustion are realized, overcoming the organic pollutants such as wood tar and wood vinegar produced by conventional gasifiers and carbonization furnaces. At the same time, the complete combustion of combustible gases in the flue gas is also realized, and all the heat is fully released.

[0034] The structure of the water grate beam 9 fully absorbs the waste heat in the biochar and enters the heating system to achieve efficient recovery and utilization of thermal energy.

[0035] Specifically, the carbonization furnace is divided into left and right half furnaces, which are sequentially divided into a feeding and distributing section, a bin preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, and a carbon storage and discharging section from top to bottom. There are a flue 5 and a material channel 4 in the combustion section. The raw materials move downward in the material channel 4 under the action of gravity and carbon discharging, and pyrolysis reaction occurs in the combustion section. The organic substances in the raw materials are volatilized to produce combustible gases, forming mixed flue gas, and the fixed carbon is retained to form biochar. The flue gas enters the flue 5 and burns under the condition of oxygen supplementation at the air inlet 3 of the flue 5. The released heat maintains the pyrolysis reaction. At the same time, under the action of the induced draft fan 29, it moves horizontally to the primary combustion chamber 18 and continues to burn and heat up under the action of the oxygen supplementation fan 6. A small part of the combustible gas that is not completely decomposed in the flue gas is further completely burned at the oxygen supplementation port in the secondary combustion chamber 16 to form high-temperature flue gas, and all the heat enters the boiler and is absorbed for heating and heat exchange.

[0036] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion, characterized in that, It includes a furnace body which is composed of an outer wall, an inner wall and a furnace core. The outer wall is of brick-concrete structure, and the inner wall is built with refractory bricks; The furnace core is divided into a material channel and a flue by special-shaped refractory bricks. The special-shaped refractory bricks include louver bricks, partition bricks and triangular bricks; There is a feeding and distributing vehicle at the upper part of the furnace body. The distributing vehicle is used to move on the track and evenly put raw materials into the silo, controlling the height and flatness of the material layer; There is a water grate beam at the lower part of the furnace body. The water grate beam is connected to the heating circulation system to absorb the waste heat in the biochar.

2. The biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to claim 1, wherein There is a receiving hopper at the bottom of the furnace body. The receiving hopper is divided into several small hoppers, and there is a sealing basin at the discharge port.

3. The biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to claim 1, wherein There are a left half furnace and a right half furnace inside the furnace body. The primary combustion chamber is connected to the secondary combustion chamber, and the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the waste heat boiler. The boiler is successively connected to an induced draft fan, a dust collector and a chimney.

4. The biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inside of the carbonization furnace main body is successively divided into: a feeding and distributing section, a silo preheating section, a combustion section, a cooling section, a carbon storage and discharge section from top to bottom.

5. The biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water grate beam is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, which are respectively connected to the water supply and return water of the heating circulation system.

6. The biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are oxygen supplement and ventilation openings at both ends of the furnace body, and oxygen supplement fans are provided in the flue and the primary combustion chamber.

7. The biomass carbonization furnace capable of secondary combustion according to claim 1, wherein, There are multiple cooling structures in the cooling section for cooling the biochar, and the cooled biochar is collected and discharged through the receiving hopper.

Images