Heavy oil efficient cracking furnace for petrochemical industry

Abstract

The heavy oil efficient cracking furnace for petrochemical engineering comprises a base, a settler is fixedly connected to the top of the base, the top of the settler communicates with a cracking furnace, blenders are fixedly connected to the two sides of the top of the cracking furnace, and a top frame is fixedly connected to the top, close to the blenders, of the cracking furnace; air cylinder barrels are embedded in the two sides of the top frame; the top frame is provided with an acting assembly used in cooperation with the air cylinder barrel, and the two sides of the acting assembly are each provided with a heat supply assembly matched with the cracking furnace in a temperature control mode; a transmission assembly is arranged on one side of the top frame, and material distribution assemblies matched with material distribution of the cracking furnace are arranged at the two ends of the transmission assembly correspondingly. By adopting a mode of combining partitioned heating and rotating convection, efficient cracking reaction among heavy oil, hydrogen and a catalyst is realized, so that waste of a heavy oil raw material due to insufficient cracking of the heavy oil is avoided, and meanwhile, the conversion rate of light oil and gas fuel byproducts thereof is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and particularly to a high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical engineering. Background Art

[0002] Heavy oil refers to crude oil with relatively high viscosity and density that is difficult to extract using conventional crude oil extraction techniques. During the reaction process of substances being heated and decomposed, many inorganic and organic substances will undergo decomposition reactions when heated to a certain extent. After heavy oil is extracted, it needs to be cracked to obtain light oil and its gaseous fuel by-products.

[0003] In the prior art (a patent application with the publication number CN110105998B and the patent name "A Liquid Fuel Expansion Fission Device and Its Fission Method"), the entire system can produce stable gaseous fuel from liquid fuel without external force or external heating, and is more conducive to storage and transportation with the assistance of high-pressure gas. During the implementation of this technical solution, it is found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art.

[0004] During the cracking of heavy oil into light oil and its gaseous fuel by-products in the cracking furnace, most directly heat the heavy oil raw material for cracking reaction, resulting in insufficient cracking of heavy oil. While wasting heavy oil raw materials, it also causes a decrease in the conversion rate of heavy oil cracking to produce light oil and its gaseous fuel by-products, which is not worth the loss. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to at least solve the technical problem in the prior art that it is impossible to achieve an efficient cracking reaction among heavy oil, hydrogen, and catalyst by combining zone heating and rotary convection, resulting in insufficient cracking of heavy oil, wasting heavy oil raw materials, and reducing the conversion rate of light oil and its gaseous fuel by-products. For this reason, this application proposes a high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical engineering.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical engineering, including a base, a settler is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and a cracking furnace is communicated with the top of the settler. Mixers are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the cracking furnace, and a top frame is fixedly connected to the top of the cracking furnace near the mixer. Cylinder barrels are embedded on both sides of the top frame;

[0007] A power generation component used in conjunction with the cylinder barrels is provided on the top frame, and heating components coordinated with the temperature control of the cracking furnace are provided on both sides of the power generation component. The power generation component includes a double-headed motor fixedly installed at the center of the top of the top frame;

[0008] A transmission assembly that cooperates with the double-head motor is arranged on one side of the top frame, and distribution assemblies that cooperate with the distribution of the cracking furnace are arranged on both ends of the transmission assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the working assembly also includes a swing arm fixed on an output shaft of the double-headed motor, and the other end of the swing arm is slidably connected to a swing frame through a convex head, push rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the swing frame, and the other end of the push rod is fixedly connected to a piston that slides with the cylinder barrel, the outer end of the cylinder barrel is connected to a three-way pipe, and the top end of the three-way pipe is connected to an exhaust pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the heat supply component includes a pressure storage tank connected to the inner end of the exhaust pipe and fixedly connected to the top frame, and the top end of the pressure storage tank is connected to a four-way valve, the top end of the four-way valve is connected to a heat supply pipe, and the inner end of the heat supply pipe is connected to a heater, both ends of the four-way valve are connected to a pressurizing pipe, and the inner end of the pressurizing pipe is connected to a heat supply hood, and both sides of the cracking furnace are provided with a buffer cavity that is connected and cooperates with the heat supply hood.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a driving bevel gear fixed on the other output shaft of the double-headed motor, and one side of the driving bevel gear is meshed with a first short bevel gear rack, the other side of the first short bevel gear rack is meshed with a first long bevel gear rack, and both sides of the bottom of the first long bevel gear rack are meshed with second long bevel gear racks, the other side of the second long bevel gear rack is meshed with a second short bevel gear rack, and the other side of the second short bevel gear rack is meshed with a driven bevel gear, and the inner cavity of the driven bevel gear is embedded with a connecting joint that rotates with the cracking furnace.

[0012] Preferably, the distribution assembly includes a feed pipe connected to the bottom of the outer side of the mixer, and the end of the feed pipe away from the mixer is connected to a rotating joint that rotates with the connecting joint and maintains an interconnected state with each other, the inner end of the connecting joint is connected to a cracking main pipe, and the four ends of the cracking main pipe are connected to straight pipes, the outer end of the straight pipe is connected to a cracking branch pipe, and the inner end of the cracking main pipe is provided with a main pipe nozzle, and the four ends of the cracking branch pipe are provided with branch pipe nozzles.

[0013] Preferably, the top end of the mixer is connected to a refueling port with a one-way valve, and one end of the mixer is connected to a three-way valve.

[0014] Preferably, the outer end of the three-way valve is connected to a hydrogenation port, and the top end of the three-way valve is connected to a feed port for adding catalyst.

[0015] Preferably, a metering sensor for metering detection with the hydrogenation port and the feed port is embedded at the bottom end of the three-way valve.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the other side of the cracking furnace is connected to an exhaust pipe with a one-way valve, and exhaust holes are provided around the exhaust pipe and are designed to be inclined upward.

[0017] Preferably, a filter bed is embedded at the bottom of the cracking furnace near the settler, and a settling bed used in conjunction with the filter bed is embedded at the bottom of the inner cavity of the settler. Drain pipes are connected to both sides of the settler and are located above the filter bed.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. For this high-efficiency heavy oil cracking furnace for petrochemical industry, first, a dual-head motor provides a unified driving source. After the swing arm drives the swing frame to achieve horizontal reciprocating motion, the swing frame drives the pistons on the four push rods to reciprocate in the four cylinder barrels to generate a pressurized gas source. The pressurized gas sources generated in the four cylinder barrels are transported and supplied through the exhaust pipes on the two three-way pipes. Then, the pressurized gas sources transported and supplied in the two exhaust pipes are fed into the two pressure storage tanks for temporary storage. When the cracking furnace needs to be heated, the pressurized gas sources in the two pressure storage tanks are controlled to be fed into the two four-way valves, and the heat sources generated by the heaters are also fed into the two four-way valves through the two heat supply pipes. Then, the pressurized heat sources are transported to the four heat supply covers through the four pressurized pipes and reach the four buffer cavities on both sides of the cracking furnace, so as to heat the cracking furnace in zones and complete the temperature control conditions for the heavy oil cracking reaction.

[0020] 2. For this high-efficiency heavy oil cracking furnace for petrochemical industry, then, the dual-head motor drives the first short bevel gear frame to rotate through the driving bevel gear. The first short bevel gear frame drives the first long bevel gear frame to rotate accordingly. The first long bevel gear frame drives the two second long bevel gear frames to rotate. The two second long bevel gear frames drive the two second short bevel gear frames to rotate accordingly. The two second short bevel gear frames drive the connecting joints in the two driven bevel gears to rotate. At the same time, the materials in the two mixers are fed into the cracking main pipes on the two connecting joints through the rotary joints on the two feeding pipes. The connecting joints drive the two cracking main pipes to rotate, so that the two cracking main pipes maintain a convective rotation state on both sides of the inner cavity of the cracking furnace. At the same time, the materials fed into the two cracking main pipes are fed into the two cracking branch pipes through the straight pipes, so that the materials are partitioned to avoid aggregation, resulting in insufficient cracking reaction of the materials. Then, the materials are atomized and sprayed out through the main pipe nozzles on the cracking main pipes and the branch pipe nozzles on the cracking branch pipes. With the heating condition, the materials are evenly and comprehensively heated and cracked to obtain light oil with a higher conversion rate and its by-product gas fuel.

[0021] 3. For the high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry, before that, first, the slide block that horizontally reciprocates along with the following swing frame drives the double-sided toothed plates on the two push frames to move accordingly within the two shields, and then the two horizontally reciprocating double-sided toothed plates drive the two differential circular gears to achieve the effect of positive and reverse alternating rotation. The two differential circular gears that rotate alternately in the positive and reverse directions drive the two stirring frames and the fine mesh to rotate synchronously within the two mixers, fully stirring the heavy oil, hydrogen, and catalyst added into the two mixers, completing the feeding and pretreatment work before heavy oil cracking, and improving the cracking efficiency and conversion rate of heavy oil. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the structure of the high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the structure of the high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is an internal view of the structure of the high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a side sectional view of the initial state of the top frame, cylinder barrel, and working component structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a side sectional view of the working state of the cylinder barrel and working component structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a side view of the working component structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a side view of the base, settler, cracking furnace, and heating component structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a side view of the heating component structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 It is an exploded view of the cracking furnace and mixer structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 It is a side view of the base, settler, cracking furnace, mixer, and transmission component structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 It is a bottom view of the mixer structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 13 It is a side exploded view of the transmission component and cloth feeding component structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 14 Partial side view of the fabric component structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 15 Side sectional view of the mixer, work component and mixing component structures of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 16 Side view of the work component and mixing component structures of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 17 Partial side exploded view of the mixing component structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 18 Side sectional view of the base, sedimentator and cracking furnace structures of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1. Base; 2. Sedimentator; 3. Cracking furnace; 4. Mixer; 5. Top frame; 6. Cylinder barrel; 7. Work component; 71. Double-headed motor; 72. Swing arm; 73. Swing frame; 74. Push rod; 75. Piston; 76. Three-way pipe; 77. Exhaust pipe; 8. Heat supply component; 81. Pressure storage tank; 82. Four-way valve; 83. Heat supply pipe; 84. Heater; 85. Pressure pipe; 86. Heat supply hood; 87. Buffer chamber; 9. Transmission component; 91. Driving bevel gear; 92. First short bevel gear rack; 93. First long bevel gear rack; 94. Second long bevel gear rack; 95. Second short bevel gear rack; 96. Driven bevel gear; 97. Connecting joint; 10. Fabric component; 101. Feed pipe; 102. Rotary joint; 103. Cracking main pipe; 104. Straight pipe; 105. Cracking branch pipe; 106. Main pipe nozzle; 107. Branch pipe nozzle; 11. Mixing component; 111. Shield; 112. Slide base; 113. Pushing frame; 114. Double-sided toothed plate; 115. Differential circular gear; 116. Stirring frame; 117. Fine mesh; 12. Oil filling port; 13. Three-way valve; 14. Hydrogenation port; 15. Feeding port; 16. Metering sensor; 17. Exhaust cylinder; 18. Filter bed; 19. Sedimentation bed. Detailed implementation manners

[0041] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1-18, the present invention provides a technical solution: a high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry, including a base 1, a settler 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, and a cracking furnace 3 is communicated with the top of the settler 2. Mixers 4 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the cracking furnace 3, and a top frame 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the cracking furnace 3 close to the mixer 4. Cylinder barrels 6 are embedded on both sides of the top frame 5;

[0043] The top end of the mixer 4 is communicated with an oil filling port 12 with a one-way valve, which is convenient for injecting heavy oil into the mixer 4. One end of the mixer 4 is communicated with a three-way valve 13. The outer end of the three-way valve 13 is communicated with a hydrogenation port 14, and the top end of the three-way valve 13 is communicated with a feeding port 15 for adding catalyst, which is convenient for injecting hydrogen and catalyst into the mixer 4 respectively to provide catalytic reaction materials for the cracking reaction of heavy oil. A metering sensor 16 for metering and detecting the hydrogenation port 14 and the feeding port 15 is embedded at the bottom end of the three-way valve 13 to quantitatively process the hydrogen and catalyst injected into the mixer 4, so that a reasonable ratio is achieved between the hydrogen and catalyst and the heavy oil, and the cracking reaction sufficiency of the heavy oil is improved;

[0044] An exhaust cylinder 17 with a one-way valve is communicated with the top of the other side of the cracking furnace 3, and exhaust holes are opened at the top of the exhaust cylinder 17 and are communicated with an external by-product tank through an external pipeline, which is convenient for discharging the gas fuel by-products generated after the cracking of heavy oil. A filter bed 18 is embedded at the bottom of the cracking furnace 3 close to the settler 2 to filter the light oil generated after the cracking of heavy oil. A settling bed 19 used in cooperation with the filter bed 18 is embedded at the bottom of the inner cavity of the settler 2. Drain pipes are communicated with both sides of the settler 2 and are located above the filter bed 18 to perform secondary settling and separation treatment on the filtered light oil, so that the light oil is discharged through the drain pipes, and the impurities remain below the settling bed 19, waiting for manual cleaning of the remaining impurities by opening the reserved shoveling cover plate;

[0045] A working component 7 used in cooperation with the cylinder barrel 6 is arranged on the top frame 5, and heat supply components 8 for temperature control cooperation with the cracking furnace 3 are arranged on both sides of the working component 7. The working component 7 includes a double-headed motor 71 fixed at the center of the top of the top frame 5 to perform zoning heating on the cracking furnace 3 and complete the temperature control conditions for the cracking reaction of heavy oil; A transmission component 9 linked with the double-headed motor 71 is arranged on one side of the top frame 5, and cloth feeding components 10 for cloth feeding cooperation with the cracking furnace 3 are arranged at both ends of the transmission component 9 to perform uniform and comprehensive heat cracking reaction on the materials to obtain light oil with a higher conversion rate and its gas fuel by-products.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 5-14, the work component 7 further includes a swing arm 72 fixed to one output shaft of the double-headed motor 71. The other end of the swing arm 72 is slidably connected with a swing frame 73 through a convex head. The double-headed motor 71 provides a unified driving source, and the swing frame 73 is driven by the swing arm 72 to achieve horizontal reciprocating motion. Both sides of the swing frame 73 are fixedly connected with push rods 74, and the other ends of the push rods 74 are fixedly connected with pistons 75 that are slidably matched with the cylinder barrels 6. The pistons 75 on the four push rods 74 are driven by the swing frame 73 to reciprocate in the four groups of cylinder barrels 6 to generate a pressurized air source. The outer ends of the cylinder barrels 6 are communicated with a three-way pipe 76, and the top end of the three-way pipe 76 is communicated with an exhaust pipe 77. The pressurized air source generated in the four groups of cylinder barrels 6 is transported and supplied through the exhaust pipes 77 on the two three-way pipes 76;

[0047] The heating component 8 includes a pressure storage tank 81 communicated with the inner end of the exhaust pipe 77 and fixedly connected with the top frame 5, which supplies the pressurized air source transported and supplied in the two exhaust pipes 77 into the two pressure storage tanks 81 for temporary storage. The top end of the pressure storage tank 81 is communicated with a four-way valve 82. When the cracking furnace 3 needs to be heated, the pressurized air source in the two pressure storage tanks 81 is controlled to be supplied into the two four-way valves 82. The top end of the four-way valve 82 is communicated with a heat supply pipe 83, and the inner end of the heat supply pipe 83 is communicated with a heater 84. The heat source generated by the heater 84 is also supplied into the two four-way valves 82 through the two heat supply pipes 83. Both ends of the four-way valve 82 are communicated with a pressurizing pipe 85, and the inner end of the pressurizing pipe 85 is communicated with a heat supply cover 86. Buffer cavities 87 communicated and matched with the heat supply covers 86 are provided on both sides of the cracking furnace 3. Then, the pressurized heat source is transported to the four heat supply covers 86 through the four pressurizing pipes 85 and reaches the four buffer cavities 87 on both sides of the cracking furnace 3 to heat the cracking furnace 3 in a partitioned manner, completing the temperature control conditions for the heavy oil cracking reaction.

[0048] The transmission component 9 includes a driving bevel gear 91 fixed to the other output shaft of the double-headed motor 71. One side of the driving bevel gear 91 is engaged with a first short bevel gear rack 92. The double-headed motor 71 drives the first short bevel gear rack 92 to rotate through the driving bevel gear 91. The other side of the first short bevel gear rack 92 is engaged with a first long bevel gear rack 93, and the first short bevel gear rack 92 drives the first long bevel gear rack 93 to rotate accordingly. Both sides of the bottom of the first long bevel gear rack 93 are engaged with second long bevel gear racks 94, and the first long bevel gear rack 93 drives the two second long bevel gear racks 94 to rotate. The other side of the second long bevel gear rack 94 is engaged with a second short bevel gear rack 95, and the two second long bevel gear racks 94 drive the two second short bevel gear racks 95 to rotate accordingly. The other side of the second short bevel gear rack 95 is engaged with a driven bevel gear 96. A communication joint 97 that is rotationally matched with the cracking furnace 3 is embedded in the inner cavity of the driven bevel gear 96, and the two second short bevel gear racks 95 drive the communication joints 97 in the two driven bevel gears 96 to rotate;

[0049] The fabric component 10 includes a feed pipe 101 connected to the outer bottom of the mixer 4. One end of the feed pipe 101 away from the mixer 4 is connected to a rotary joint 102 that is rotationally matched with the connection joint 97 and they are in a mutually communicating state. The inner end of the connection joint 97 is connected to a cracking main pipe 103. The materials in the two mixers 4 are fed into the cracking main pipes 103 on the two connection joints 97 through the rotary joints 102 on the two feed pipes 101. And the connection joint 97 drives the two cracking main pipes 103 to rotate, so that the two cracking main pipes 103 maintain a convective rotation state on both sides of the inner cavity of the cracking furnace 3. Four ends of the cracking main pipe 103 are all connected to straight pipes 104, and the outer ends of the straight pipes 104 are connected to cracking branch pipes 105. The materials fed into the two cracking main pipes 103 are fed into the two groups of cracking branch pipes 105 through the straight pipes 104, so that the materials can be partitioned to avoid aggregation, which may cause insufficient cracking reaction of the materials. The inner end of the cracking main pipe 103 is provided with a main pipe nozzle 106, and the four ends of the cracking branch pipe 105 are provided with branch pipe nozzles 107. The materials are atomized and ejected from the main pipe nozzle 106 on the cracking main pipe 103 and the branch pipe nozzles 107 on the cracking branch pipes 105. With the assistance of heating conditions, a uniform and comprehensive heat cracking reaction is carried out on the materials to obtain light oil with a higher conversion rate and its by-product gas fuel.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 15-17 , during the cracking of heavy oil, pretreatment is required between the heavy oil raw material and the added hydrogen and catalyst. Most of them are directly added, resulting in uneven mixing of the heavy oil raw material, the added hydrogen and the catalyst, affecting the subsequent cracking reaction of heavy oil, resulting in insufficient cracking reaction of heavy oil, and low conversion rate of the obtained light oil and its by-product gas fuel. A mixing component 11 is provided on the mixer 4. The mixing component 11 includes a shield 111 fixed on one side of the mixer 4. Sliding seats 112 that are slidably matched with the top frame 5 are fixedly connected to both sides of the swing frame 73. And a push frame 113 is fixedly connected to one of the sliding seats 112. A double-sided toothed plate 114 that is slidably matched with the shield 111 is fixedly connected to the outside of the push frame 113. The sliding seats 112 that follow the horizontal reciprocating movement of the swing frame 73 drive the two double-sided toothed plates 114 to act through the push frame 113. Differential circular gears 115 that are rotationally matched with the shield 111 are meshed with both the upper and lower sides of the double-sided toothed plate 114. A stirring frame 116 that is rotationally matched with the mixer 4 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the differential circular gear 115. And a fine mesh 117 is embedded in the stirring frame 116. The two double-sided toothed plates 114 that move horizontally reciprocally drive the stirring frames 116 and the fine meshes 117 on the upper and lower differential circular gears 115 to rotate in a positive and negative alternating manner in the two mixers 4. While fully stirring the heavy oil, hydrogen and catalyst added into the two mixers 4, the residue impurities in the heavy oil are also intercepted, which is beneficial to the subsequent full cracking reaction of heavy oil.

[0051] Working principle of a high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry: First, the heavy oil to be cracked is filled into two mixers 4 through two groups of oil filling ports 12 respectively. Then, hydrogen and catalyst are filled into the two mixers 4 through the hydrogen filling ports 14 and the feeding ports 15 on the two three-way valves 13 respectively. The two metering sensors 16 detect the amounts of hydrogen and catalyst filled. After the equal filling of heavy oil, hydrogen and catalyst is completed, the double-headed motor 71 is controlled to start, and the convex head on the swing arm 72 drives the swing frame 73 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion. The horizontally reciprocating swing frame 73 drives the pistons 75 on the four push rods 74 to do reciprocating work in the four cylinder barrels 6, and a pressurized gas source is generated in the four cylinder barrels 6. Then, the pressurized gas source is supplied into two pressure storage tanks 81 for standby through the exhaust pipes 77 on the two three-way pipes 76;

[0052] Meanwhile, the pressurized gas source in the two pressure storage tanks 81 is controlled to be supplied into the two four-way valves 82, and the heat generated by the pre-started heater 84 is also supplied into the two four-way valves 82 through two heat delivery pipes 83 to converge with it, forming a pressurized heat source. Then, the pressurized heat source formed in the two four-way valves 82 is supplied into the buffer cavities 87 in the four heat delivery covers 86 through four pressurizing pipes 85 to uniformly heat and raise the temperature of the cracking furnace 3 until the temperature of the cracking furnace 3 rises to the temperature required for heavy oil cracking;

[0053] While the convex head on the swing arm 72 drives the swing frame 73 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion, the swing frame 73 also drives the two sliding seats 112 to slide along with it at the reserved sliding openings on the top frame 5. One of the sliding seats 112 drives the two double-sided toothed plates 114 to perform horizontal reciprocating motion in the two protective covers 111 through the pushing frame 113. The two horizontally reciprocating double-sided toothed plates 114 drive the upper and lower two differential circular gears 115 to rotate in positive and negative directions alternately. The upper and lower two differential circular gears 115 rotating in positive and negative directions alternately drive the two stirring frames 116 and the fine mesh 117 to rotate in the two mixers 4. The two rotating stirring frames 116 fully stir the two portions of heavy oil, hydrogen and catalyst filled into the two mixers 4 quantitatively. At the same time, the two fine meshes 117 rotating along with it filter and intercept the residue impurities in the two portions of heavy oil, hydrogen and catalyst in the stirred state;

[0054] Meanwhile, the double-headed motor 71 also drives the driving bevel gear 91 to rotate synchronously with the swing arm 72. The driving bevel gear 91 drives the first short bevel gear holder 92 to rotate accordingly. The first short bevel gear holder 92 drives the first long bevel gear holder 93 to rotate. The first long bevel gear holder 93 drives the two second long bevel gear holders 94 to rotate accordingly. The two second long bevel gear holders 94 drive the two second short bevel gear holders 95 to rotate. The two second short bevel gear holders 95 drive the connecting joints 97 on the two groups of driven bevel gears 96 to rotate at both ends of the cracking furnace 3. At the same time, the two connecting joints 97 also drive the two cracking main pipes 103 and the cracking branch pipes 105 to perform an opposite swirling motion in the cracking furnace 3.

[0055] During this period, the materials formed by stirring heavy oil, hydrogen, and catalyst in the two mixers 4 also pass through the rotary joints 102 on the two feeding pipes 101 and are fed into the cracking main pipes 103 on the two connecting joints 97. Then, they are fed into the cracking branch pipes 105 wrapped around the cracking main pipes 103 through the straight pipes 104, so that the two portions of materials are distributed in zones in the two cracking main pipes 103 and the cracking branch pipes 105 to prevent the materials from piling up and staying. They are pressurized and atomized and sprayed out through the main pipe nozzles 106 on the two cracking main pipes 103 and the branch pipe nozzles 107 on the cracking branch pipes 105. At the same time, the heated cracking furnace 3 uniformly and comprehensively heats the materials performing the opposite swirling motion, and causes the materials to successively undergo catalytic cracking reactions. The light oil obtained after the catalytic cracking reaction passes through the filter bed 18 and reaches the settler 2. After impurity separation in the settling bed 19, it is discharged through the two drain pipes. The impurities accumulate below the settling bed 19, and the impurities are cleaned up uniformly by manual labor later. At the same time, the obtained gaseous fuel by-products are discharged to the external by-product tank through the exhaust pipe 17 and the external pipeline for further processing operations.

[0056] It should be noted that the specific model specifications of the double-headed motor 71, the heater 84, and the metering sensor 16 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device, etc. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in the field, so it will not be elaborated in detail.

[0057] The power supply circuits of the double-headed motor 71, the heater 84, the metering sensor 16, and various valves are clear to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0058] It will be understood that the present invention is described by way of some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will know that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Additionally, under the teaching of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application belong to the scope protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The top of the base (1) is fixedly connected with a settler (2), and the top of the settler (2) is communicated with a cracking furnace (3). Both sides of the top of the cracking furnace (3) are fixedly connected with a mixer (4), and a top frame (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the cracking furnace (3) near the mixer (4). Cylinder barrels (6) are embedded on both sides of the top frame (5). A working component (7) used in cooperation with the cylinder barrel (6) is arranged on the top frame (5), and heat supply components (8) for temperature control cooperation with the cracking furnace (3) are arranged on both sides of the working component (7). The working component (7) includes a double-headed motor (71) fixed at the center of the top of the top frame (5); A transmission component (9) in linkage cooperation with the double-headed motor (71) is arranged on one side of the top frame (5), and cloth feeding components (10) for cloth feeding cooperation with the cracking furnace (3) are arranged at both ends of the transmission component (9).

2. The high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil used in petrochemical industry according to claim 1, wherein: The working component (7) further includes a swing arm (72) fixed on an output shaft of the double-headed motor (71). The other end of the swing arm (72) is slidably connected with a swing frame (73) through a convex head. Push rods (74) are fixedly connected to both sides of the swing frame (73), and the other ends of the push rods (74) are fixedly connected with a piston (75) slidably matched with the cylinder barrel (6). The outer end of the cylinder barrel (6) is communicated with a three-way pipe (76), and the top end of the three-way pipe (76) is communicated with an exhaust pipe (77).

3. An efficient cracking furnace for heavy oil used in petrochemical industry according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat supply component (8) includes a pressure storage tank (81) communicated with the inner end of the exhaust pipe (77) and fixedly connected with the top frame (5). The top end of the pressure storage tank (81) is communicated with a four-way valve (82). The top end of the four-way valve (82) is communicated with a heat supply pipe (83), and the inner end of the heat supply pipe (83) is communicated with a heater (84). Pressurizing pipes (85) are communicated with both ends of the four-way valve (82), and the inner ends of the pressurizing pipes (85) are communicated with heat supply covers (86). Buffer cavities (87) communicated and matched with the heat supply covers (86) are arranged on both sides of the cracking furnace (3).

4. An efficient cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission component (9) includes a driving bevel gear (91) fixed on the other output shaft of the double-headed motor (71). A first short bevel gear rack (92) is meshed with one side of the driving bevel gear (91). A first long bevel gear rack (93) is meshed with the other side of the first short bevel gear rack (92). Second long bevel gear racks (94) are meshed with both sides of the bottom of the first long bevel gear rack (93). A second short bevel gear rack (95) is meshed with the other side of the second long bevel gear rack (94). A driven bevel gear (96) is meshed with the other side of the second short bevel gear rack (95). A communication joint (97) rotatably matched with the cracking furnace (3) is embedded in the inner cavity of the driven bevel gear (96).

5. The high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil used in petrochemical industry according to claim 4, wherein: The fabric component (10) includes a feed pipe (101) connected to the outer bottom of the mixer (4), and one end of the feed pipe (101) away from the mixer (4) is connected to a rotary joint (102) that rotates in cooperation with the connection joint (97) and is in a mutually communicating state. The inner end of the connection joint (97) is connected to a cracking main pipe (103), and four ends of the cracking main pipe (103) are all connected to straight pipes (104). The outer end of the straight pipe (104) is connected to a cracking branch pipe (105), and the inner end of the cracking main pipe (103) is provided with a main pipe nozzle (106). Four ends of the cracking branch pipe (105) are provided with branch pipe nozzles (107).

6. The high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil used in petrochemical industry according to claim 5, wherein: The top of the mixer (4) is connected to a fuel filling port (12) with a check valve, and one end of the mixer (4) is connected to a three-way valve (13).

7. An efficient cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer end of the three-way valve (13) is connected to a hydrogenation port (14), and the top of the three-way valve (13) is connected to a feeding port (15) for adding a catalyst.

8. An efficient cracking furnace for heavy oil in petrochemical industry according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom end of the three-way valve (13) is embedded with a metering sensor (16) for metering and detecting the hydrogenation port (14) and the feeding port (15).

9. The high-efficiency cracking furnace for heavy oil used in petrochemical industry according to claim 8, wherein: The top of the other side of the cracking furnace (3) is connected to an exhaust pipe (17) with a check valve, and the top of the exhaust pipe (17) is provided with an exhaust hole.

10. An efficient heavy oil cracking furnace for petrochemical industry according to claim 9, characterized in that: A filter bed (18) is embedded at the bottom of the cracking furnace (3) close to the settler (2), and a settling bed (19) used in cooperation with the filter bed (18) is embedded at the bottom of the inner cavity of the settler (2). Drain pipes are connected to both sides of the settler (2) and are located above the filter bed (18).

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