Multifunctional wave-removing, energy-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for offshore wind plant

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional wave-removing, energy-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind power plant, belongs to the technical field of offshore wind power protection, and solves the problem that an anti-collision device of an existing offshore wind power plant is poor in energy-dissipating effect. The device specifically comprises a pile foundation, a fixing system is arranged on the periphery of the pile foundation, a first anti-collision buoyancy tank is connected to the periphery of the fixing system through anti-collision supporting rods, a second annular buoyancy tank is connected to the periphery of the first anti-collision buoyancy tank through an energy dissipation damping system, and a plurality of energy dissipation inverted bubble units are arranged on the second annular buoyancy tank. According to the invention, the second annular buoyancy tank provides a stable buoyancy platform for the energy dissipation inverted bubble unit, so that the energy dissipation inverted bubble unit floats on the sea surface; the second annular buoyancy tank and the first anti-collision buoyancy tank are elastically connected through the energy dissipation damping system, the energy dissipation damping system can disperse transverse component force of waves during sea wave impact, meanwhile, the radiation direction and integrity of the waves are changed, the direct acting force of the waves on an offshore wind turbine tower or a pile foundation is reduced, and protection of the pile foundation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind power protection, and particularly relates to a multifunctional wave-removing, energy-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm. Background Art

[0002] The basic structures of offshore wind farms mainly include monopile foundations, high-pile cap foundations, cylindrical foundations, support-type foundations, jacket-type foundations, etc. Among them, monopile foundations are widely used due to their simple structure and convenient installation. Under the long-term scouring of seawater, the soil around the monopile foundation is washed away by the waves, which greatly weakens the horizontal bearing capacity of the pile foundation. In addition, the probability of corrosion failure of the pile foundation after the soil around the monopile foundation is scoured will also increase.

[0003] At present, in the structural engineering of offshore wind farms, common anti-collision devices for eliminating waves include pile foundation protective sleeves, rubber sheaths, steel structure anti-collision caissons, and floating fenders, etc. Generally, the steel pipes used for the pile foundations of wind turbine foundations, support-type foundations or jacket-type foundations have a large diameter, but the thickness of the steel pipe structure is relatively thin, and the requirements for anti-collision are relatively high. The existing anti-collision devices often cannot effectively reduce the impact force, and have a single function and cannot effectively resist the adverse effects brought by wave forces.

[0004] The pile foundation protective sleeve uses a composite structure formed by a polymer composite material and a steel material to wrap the pile foundation, and uses the elastic deformation or shear yield of the material to absorb the impact energy, while preventing seawater corrosion; however, there are bottlenecks in the protection of large-diameter thin-walled steel pipes. Traditional pile foundation protective sleeves are difficult to disperse the impact force through plastic deformation, and are prone to local buckling or tearing. The rubber sheath uses high-elastic rubber or inflatable rubber fenders to buffer the impact through compression deformation; however, it has the disadvantage of unbalanced stiffness matching, and at the same time has poor environmental adaptability. In the face of extreme sea conditions, the rubber material is prone to aging and tearing, losing its protective function. The steel structure anti-collision caisson protects the pile foundation from direct impact through the plastic deformation or buckling energy dissipation of the box-shaped steel structure; however, the steel structure anti-collision caisson has a low structural redundancy, and the connection interface between the thin-walled steel pipe pile foundation and the caisson is prone to weld cracking due to stress concentration, and the weight of the caisson itself may aggravate the fatigue damage of the pile foundation. The floating fender reduces the direct contact between the ship and the pile foundation through the buoyancy support of the floating cylinder and the buffering effect of the rubber fender; however, the floating fender has poor positioning stability, and under complex sea current conditions, the floating cylinder is prone to deviate from the designed position, resulting in a protection blind area. Therefore, the existing anti-collision devices for offshore wind farms have the defects of insufficient energy absorption and short service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional wave-removing, energy-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm, which solves the problem of poor energy dissipation effect of the existing anti-collision devices for offshore wind farms.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A multi-functional wave-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm, comprising a pile foundation, a fixing system is arranged around the pile foundation, a first anti-collision floating box is connected around the fixing system through anti-collision support rods, and a second circumferential floating box is connected around the first anti-collision floating box through an energy dissipation damping system, and a plurality of energy dissipation inverted bubble units are arranged on the second circumferential floating box.

[0007] In this solution, the second circumferential floating box can provide a stable buoyancy platform for the energy dissipation inverted bubble unit array, so that it floats on the sea surface; the second circumferential floating box and the first anti-collision floating box are elastically connected through an energy dissipation damping system. When the sea wave impacts, the energy dissipation damping system can disperse the lateral component force of the wave, and at the same time change the radiation direction and integrity of the wave, reduce the direct acting force of the wave on the tower barrel or pile foundation of the offshore wind turbine, reduce the eddy current effect, effectively reduce the vortex-induced vibration response on the surface of the pile foundation, and thus achieve the protection effect on the pile foundation.

[0008] Further, the fixing system includes a circumferential support, the circumferential support is fixed on the periphery of the pile foundation; a hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box is connected around the circumferential support through a plurality of groups of annular array inclined support rod assemblies; the anti-collision support rods are fixed around the hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box; The inclined support rod assembly includes two inclined support rods, the two inclined support rods are arranged in the same vertical plane and are symmetrically arranged up and down along the horizontal direction.

[0009] In this solution, the design of the circumferential support can increase the contact area with the pile foundation and avoid a large local action on the pile foundation; the two inclined support rods are inclined and jointly connect the hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box, improving the overall stability and reliability of the fixing system.

[0010] Further, the first anti-collision floating box includes a plurality of floating box bodies, and the plurality of floating box bodies are annularly distributed around the fixing system; each floating box body is correspondingly connected to each anti-collision support rod.

[0011] Further, the energy dissipation damping system includes a plurality of buffer components distributed in a ring, and the number of buffer components is the same as that of the floating box bodies; The buffer component includes a first spring and a second spring; both ends of the first spring are respectively connected with two flange plates, one of the flange plates is connected to the floating box body, and the other flange plate is connected to the second circumferential floating box; the second spring is sleeved outside the first spring, and both ends of the second spring are respectively connected with two annular gaskets, bolt holes are opened on both annular gaskets, and the two annular gaskets are respectively connected to the two flange plates through bolts.

[0012] In this solution, the first spring and the second spring are sleeved together. The first spring located inside can buffer extreme loads, and the second spring located outside forms a rigid limit for the first spring to prevent it from being bent due to excessive deformation.

[0013] Furthermore, the material of the first spring is high-chromium stainless steel; the material of the second spring is glass fiber reinforced composite material.

[0014] Furthermore, the spiral directions of the first spring and the second spring are opposite.

[0015] In this solution, the bolt directions of the first spring and the second spring are opposite, establishing a bidirectional torsional stress field and improving the torsional stiffness.

[0016] Furthermore, the energy dissipation reverse bubble unit includes a variable-diameter upper water column, which is connected to the second circumferential floating box; the variable-diameter upper water column tapers in diameter from bottom to top; a water inlet is opened at the bottom of the variable-diameter upper water column; a dissipation bubble is connected to the top of the variable-diameter upper water column, drainage holes are opened around the dissipation bubble, and an exhaust hole is opened at the top of the dissipation bubble.

[0017] In this solution, when impacted by sea waves, seawater enters the variable-diameter upper water column through the water inlet, the seawater rises along the variable-diameter upper water column, the gravitational potential energy increases and the impact kinetic energy decreases; the rising seawater compresses the air in the dissipation bubble, causing it to be discharged through the exhaust hole, the seawater flow rate gradually decreases, and finally the water flows out from the uniformly arranged drainage holes. This design forms vortex dissipation through the flow rate difference between the water inlet and the drainage holes, gradually weakening the vertical impact force of the sea waves; the exhaust hole balances the pressure difference inside and outside the floating body in real time to prevent the overall structure from becoming unstable under extreme sea conditions.

[0018] Furthermore, the box wall of the second circumferential floating box includes two layers of resin composite material layers, and polyurethane foam is filled between the two layers of resin composite material layers; an anti-corrosion coating and a biofouling inhibition coating are successively coated on the outer surface of the resin composite material layer located outside.

[0019] In this solution, the box wall of the second circumferential floating box adopts a sandwich structure with polyurethane foam filled between two layers of resin composite material layers, enabling the second circumferential floating box to balance light weight and high tensile strength and extending its service life.

[0020] Furthermore, the material of the resin composite material layer is a glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material synthesized from glass fiber and a resin matrix; the resin matrix adopts an epoxy resin matrix or a phenolic resin matrix.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the multi-functional wave-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm of the present invention, multiple energy dissipation systems are provided, breaking through the single-function limitation of the traditional anti-collision structure design. When the sea waves impact, the outermost second circumferential floating box and the energy-dissipating inverted bubble unit first resist the impact of the sea waves. The impact force of the sea waves is transmitted to the first anti-collision floating box through the energy-dissipating damping system. At the same time, under the deformation of the energy-dissipating damping system, the second circumferential floating box undergoes a radial displacement, reducing the impact force, dispersing the lateral component force of the waves, and reducing the direct acting force of the waves on the tower barrel or pile foundation of the offshore wind turbine, achieving further energy dissipation and protecting the pile foundation.

[0022] The overall design concept of the multi-functional wave-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm of the present invention is ingenious, the principle of energy dissipation, wave dissipation and anti-collision is simple and clear, the overall material consumption is less, and each component can be independently replaced, reducing the operation and maintenance costs. At the same time, it can resist the strong corrosion and complexity in the sea area use environment, is targeted at the structure of the offshore wind farm, and can ensure the safe and stable operation of the offshore wind farm structure. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a top view of a multi-functional wave-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a multi-functional wave-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structure view of the fixing system in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structure view of the energy-dissipating damping system in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic structure view of the first spring and the flange in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic structure view of the second spring and the annular gasket in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic structure view of the energy-dissipating inverted bubble unit in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a partial structure view of the wall of the second circumferential floating box in the present invention.

[0024] Reference Signs: 1. Pile foundation; 2. Fixing system; 21. Circumferential support; 22. Inclined support rod assembly; 23. Hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box; 3. Anti-collision support rod; 4. First anti-collision floating box; 41. Floating box body; 42. Polyurethane foam; 43. Biofouling inhibition coating; 44. Resin composite layer; 5. Energy dissipation damping system; 51. First spring; 52. Second spring; 53. Flange; 54. Annular gasket; 6. Second circumferential floating box; 7. Energy dissipation inverted bubble unit; 71. Water inlet; 72. Variable-diameter upper water column; 73. Vent hole; 74. Drain hole; 75. Energy dissipation bubble; Detailed implementation mode The following further describes the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation mode. For those of ordinary skill in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions and creations using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0025] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a multifunctional wave-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm. The multifunctional wave-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm can reduce the impact of sea waves from outside to inside in sequence and provide good protection for the pile foundation 1. Specifically, it includes: Pile foundation 1, fixing system 2, anti-collision support rod 3, first anti-collision floating box 4, energy dissipation damping system 5, second circumferential floating box 6 and energy dissipation inverted bubble unit 7; Among them, a fixing system 2 is arranged around the pile foundation 1. A first anti-collision floating box 4 is connected around the fixing system 2 through an anti-collision support rod 3. A second circumferential floating box 6 is connected around the first anti-collision floating box 4 through an energy dissipation damping system 5. A plurality of energy dissipation inverted bubble units 7 are arranged on the second circumferential floating box 6; the second circumferential floating box 6 can provide a stable buoyancy platform for the energy dissipation inverted bubble unit array, enabling it to float on the sea surface.

[0026] As Figure 3 shown, the fixing system 2 includes a circumferential support 21, an inclined support rod assembly 22 and a hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box 23; the circumferential support 21 is fixed on the periphery of the pile foundation 1. The design of the circumferential support 21 can increase the contact area with the pile foundation 1 and avoid a large local effect on the pile foundation 1; the circumferential support 21 is connected with a hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box 23 through a plurality of groups of annularly arrayed inclined support rod assemblies 22; the anti-collision support rod 3 is fixed around the hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box 23.

[0027] The inclined support rod assembly 22 includes two inclined support rods which are arranged in the same vertical plane and symmetrically up and down along the horizontal direction; the two inclined support rods are inclined and jointly connected to the hollow annular steel structure floating box 23, improving the overall stability and reliability of the fixing system 2.

[0028] The first anti-collision floating box 4 includes a plurality of floating box bodies 41 which are annularly distributed around the fixing system 2; the number of the floating box bodies 41 is the same as the number of the anti-collision support rods 3, and each floating box body 41 is correspondingly connected to each anti-collision support rod 3.

[0029] As Figures 4 - 6 shown, the energy dissipation damping system 5 includes a plurality of buffer components which are annularly distributed and have the same number as the floating box bodies 41; the buffer components include a first spring 51, a second spring 52, a flange 53 and an annular gasket 54; both ends of the first spring 51 are respectively connected with two flanges 53, and bolt holes are formed in the flanges 53, one of the flanges 53 is connected to the floating box body 41 through bolts, and the other flange 53 is connected to the second circumferential floating box 6 through bolts; the second spring 52 is sleeved on the periphery of the first spring 51, both ends of the second spring 52 are respectively connected with two annular gaskets 54, bolt holes are formed in both of the two annular gaskets 54, and the two annular gaskets 54 are respectively connected with the two flanges 53 through bolts. In this design, the first spring 51 and the second spring 52 are sleeved together. The first spring 51 located inside can buffer extreme loads, and the second spring 52 located outside forms a rigid limit for the first spring 51 to prevent it from being bent due to excessive deformation.

[0030] The material of the first spring 51 is high chromium stainless steel; the material of the second spring 52 is glass fiber reinforced composite material.

[0031] The spiral directions of the first spring 51 and the second spring 52 are opposite to establish a bidirectional anti-torsion stress field and improve the anti-torsion stiffness.

[0032] As Figure 7As shown in the figure, the energy dissipation reverse bubble unit 7 includes a variable-diameter upper water column 72 and an energy dissipation bubble 75. The outer wall of the variable-diameter upper water column 72 is hung or welded on the second circumferential floating box 6; the diameter of the variable-diameter upper water column 72 gradually decreases from bottom to top; the bottom of the variable-diameter upper water column 72 is provided with a water inlet 71; the top of the variable-diameter upper water column 72 is connected to an energy dissipation bubble 75, and drain holes 74 are provided around the energy dissipation bubble 75, and an exhaust hole 73 is provided at the top of the energy dissipation bubble 75. When impacted by sea waves, seawater enters the variable-diameter upper water column 72 through the water inlet 71, and the seawater rises along the variable-diameter upper water column 72, increasing the gravitational potential energy and decreasing the impact kinetic energy; the rising seawater compresses the air in the energy dissipation bubble 75, causing it to be discharged through the exhaust hole 73, and the flow rate of the seawater gradually decreases, and finally the water flow is discharged from the uniformly arranged drain holes. This design forms vortex dissipation through the flow rate difference between the water inlet 71 and the drain holes 74, gradually weakening the vertical impact force of the sea waves; the exhaust hole 73 balances the pressure difference inside and outside the floating body in real time, avoiding the instability of the overall structure under extreme sea conditions.

[0033] In this embodiment, during actual construction, the number and circumferential distribution density of the energy dissipation reverse bubble units 7 can be determined based on the wave height and period parameters of the target sea area to maximize the wave energy absorption efficiency.

[0034] As Figure 8 shown in the figure, the box wall of the second circumferential floating box 6 includes two layers of resin composite material layers 44 and one layer of polyurethane foam 42. The polyurethane foam 42 is filled between the two layers of resin composite material layers 44. This sandwich structure design enables the second circumferential floating box 6 to balance light weight and high tensile strength and extend the service life. An anti-corrosion coating and a biofouling inhibition coating 43 are successively coated on the outer surface of the resin composite material layer 44 located on the outside; among them, the anti-corrosion coating can adopt an epoxy resin-based coating, and the biofouling inhibition coating 43 can adopt a traditional antifouling coating.

[0035] Specifically, the material of the resin composite material layer 44 is a glass fiber reinforced resin-based composite material (GFRP) synthesized from glass fibers and a resin matrix; among them, the resin matrix adopts an epoxy resin matrix or a phenolic resin matrix.

[0036] As a preference of this embodiment, the floating box body 41 can adopt the same material as the second circumferential floating box 6.

[0037] The working principle of this embodiment is: When the multi-functional wave-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm in this embodiment resists the impact of ocean waves, the outermost second circumferential floating box 6 and the energy-dissipating inverted bubble unit 7 resist the impact of ocean waves; seawater enters the variable-diameter upper water column 72 through the water inlet 71, and the seawater rises along the variable-diameter upper water column 72, increasing the gravitational potential energy and reducing the impact kinetic energy, gradually weakening the impact force of the ocean waves. The second circumferential floating box 6 and the first anti-collision floating box 4 are connected through an energy-dissipating damping system 5. When the ocean waves impact, the second circumferential floating box 6 undergoes a radial displacement under the deformation of the energy-dissipating damping system 5, reducing the impact force, dispersing the lateral component force of the waves, and reducing the direct acting force of the waves on the tower or pile foundation 1 of the offshore wind turbine, achieving the effect of energy dissipation and realizing the protection of the pile foundation 1.

[0038] Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize that the embodiments herein are for helping readers understand the principles of the present invention and should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific deformations and combinations without departing from the essence of the present invention based on the technical revelations disclosed in the present invention, and these deformations and combinations are still within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional wave-removing, energy-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm, characterized in that: It includes a pile foundation (1), a fixing system (2) is arranged around the pile foundation (1), a first anti-collision floating box (4) is connected around the fixing system (2) through anti-collision support rods (3), a second circumferential floating box (6) is connected around the first anti-collision floating box (4) through an energy dissipation damping system (5), and a number of energy dissipation inverted bubble units (7) are arranged on the second circumferential floating box (6).

2. The multifunctional wave-dissipating and energy-dissipating anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm according to claim 1, wherein: The fixing system (2) includes a circumferential support (21), the circumferential support (21) is fixed on the periphery of the pile foundation (1); a hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box (23) is connected around the circumferential support (21) through a number of groups of circumferentially arrayed inclined support rod assemblies (22); the anti-collision support rods (3) are fixed around the hollow ring-shaped steel structure floating box (23); The inclined support rod assembly (22) includes two inclined support rods, the two inclined support rods are arranged in the same vertical plane and are symmetrically arranged up and down along the horizontal direction.

3. The multifunctional wave-dissipating and energy-dissipating anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm according to claim 1, wherein: The first anti-collision floating box (4) includes a number of floating box bodies (41), the number of floating box bodies (41) are annularly distributed around the fixing system (2); each floating box body (41) is correspondingly connected to each anti-collision support rod (3).

4. The multifunctional wave-dissipating and energy-dissipating anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm according to claim 3, wherein: The energy dissipation damping system (5) includes a number of circumferentially distributed buffer components, and the number of buffer components is the same as that of the floating box bodies (41); The buffer component includes a first spring (51) and a second spring (52); both ends of the first spring (51) are respectively connected with two flange plates (53), one of the flange plates (53) is connected to the floating box body (41), and the other flange plate (53) is connected to the second circumferential floating box (6); the second spring (52) is sleeved on the periphery of the first spring (51), both ends of the second spring (52) are respectively connected with two annular gaskets (54), bolt holes are opened on both of the annular gaskets (54), and the two annular gaskets (54) are respectively connected with the two flange plates (53) through bolts.

5. The multifunctional wave-damping, energy-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm according to claim 4, wherein: The material of the first spring (51) is high-chromium stainless steel; the material of the second spring (52) is glass fiber reinforced composite material.

6. The multifunctional wave-dissipating and energy-dissipating anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm according to claim 4, wherein: The spiral directions of the first spring (51) and the second spring (52) are opposite.

7. The multifunctional wave-dissipating and energy-dissipating anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm according to claim 1, wherein: The energy dissipation inverted bubble unit (7) includes a variable-diameter upper water column (72), the variable-diameter upper water column (72) is connected to the second circumferential floating box (6); the diameter of the variable-diameter upper water column (72) gradually decreases from bottom to top; a water inlet (71) is opened at the bottom of the variable-diameter upper water column (72); an energy dissipation bubble (75) is connected to the top of the variable-diameter upper water column (72), drainage holes (74) are opened around the energy dissipation bubble (75), and an exhaust hole (73) is opened at the top of the energy dissipation bubble (75).

8. The multifunctional wave-damping, energy-dissipating and anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The box wall of the second circumferential floating box (6) comprises two layers of resin composite material layers (44), and polyurethane foam (42) is filled between the two layers of resin composite material layers (44); an anti-corrosion coating and a biofouling inhibition coating (43) are successively coated on the outer surface of the resin composite material layer (44) located on the outer side.

9. The multifunctional wave-dissipating and energy-dissipating anti-collision integrated device for an offshore wind farm according to claim 8, wherein: The material of the resin composite material layer (44) is a glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material synthesized from glass fiber and a resin matrix; wherein, the resin matrix adopts an epoxy resin matrix or a phenolic resin matrix.

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