Hanging frame system for tunnel body top plate construction and top plate construction technology

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building engineering, and particularly relates to a hanging frame system for tunnel roof construction and a roof construction technology, the hanging frame system comprises a net rack, a roof panel and a lower hanging plate, the roof panel is arranged on the upper side of the net rack, and the roof panel is a steel-concrete combined panel; a lower hanging plate is arranged on the lower side of the net rack, and the lower hanging plate is a steel-concrete combined panel; a lower hanging plate mold is detachably arranged on the lower side of the net rack, a plurality of hoisting water bags for providing prestress for the net rack are arranged on the bottom side of the lower hanging plate mold, and the weight of the hoisting water bags is the same as that of lower hanging plate concrete to be poured on the top; the lower hanging plate mold is used for pouring concrete to form a lower hanging plate, and when the lower hanging plate mold is used for pouring concrete, the hoisting water bag is used for synchronously draining and unloading in the pouring process. According to the structure, the influence of the dead weight of concrete on the deflection of the net rack is reduced, the net rack generates the same prestress, a water body with the same pouring concrete quality is synchronously released during pouring to offset the corresponding deflection, and therefore the concrete forming quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of construction engineering, and particularly relates to a hanging frame system for constructing a roof slab of a cavity and a construction process for the roof slab. Background Art

[0002] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the grid roof structure is a double-layer concrete roof arranged above and below the grid structure, namely a roof slab and a hanging slab. The roof slab on the upper layer of the grid is a steel-concrete composite roof slab, the upper part of which is a steel bar truss floor slab, and the roof beam of the sample section is connected to the grid through stud bolts and steel sections and columns. The steel section exists as the structural beam of the roof composite slab to reduce the deformation of the roof slab.

[0003] The steel section beam of the grid roof composite slab and the steel bar truss slab are welded and reinforced during the grid assembly process, and then the whole grid is hoisted and lifted. After being lifted to the corresponding elevation, the grid is patched and fixed. After passing the acceptance, the concrete of the roof slab is poured to form the roof slab.

[0004] The steel section beam of the cast-in-place slab hanging under the grid of the cavity is welded and reinforced during the grid assembly process, and then the whole grid is hoisted and lifted. After being lifted to the corresponding elevation, the grid is patched and fixed. After passing the acceptance, the concrete of the cast-in-place slab hanging under the grid of the cavity is poured to form the hanging slab.

[0005] Since the grid bears the pouring weight of the double-layer concrete roofs on both sides, the weight of its concrete is much heavier than that of a single-layer concrete roof. When pouring the second-layer concrete, the self-weight of the concrete will affect the deformation of the steel grid, and the gravity of the concrete causes the grid to generate corresponding deflections, which cannot guarantee the forming quality of the concrete. As a result, the concrete pouring needs to be carried out in multiple times and sections, and the concrete of the hanging slab cannot be poured in one time, affecting the pouring quality. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the technical problems existing in the background art, the invention provides a hanging frame system for constructing a roof slab of a cavity and a construction process for the roof slab. For a structural building with a double-layer concrete roof arranged above and below the grid structure, the invention realizes the one-time pouring and forming of the lower hanging slab and ensures the forming quality.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the invention is as follows:

[0008] A hanging frame system for the construction of the top plate of a cavity body, comprising a grid frame, a roof panel and a hanging plate below. A roof panel is arranged on the upper side of the grid frame, and the roof panel is a steel-concrete composite panel; a hanging plate below is arranged on the lower side of the grid frame, and the hanging plate below is a steel-concrete composite panel; a formwork for the hanging plate below is detachably arranged on the lower side of the grid frame, and a number of hanging weight water bags for providing prestress to the grid frame are arranged on the bottom side of the formwork for the hanging plate below. The weight of the hanging weight water bags is the same as the weight of the concrete of the hanging plate below to be poured at the top; the formwork for the hanging plate below is used for pouring concrete to form the hanging plate below. When the formwork for the hanging plate below pours concrete, the hanging weight water bags are drained and unloaded synchronously during the pouring process.

[0009] Optionally, spherical joints are arranged on both the upper and lower sides of the grid frame, and the hanging weight water bags are hung on the formwork for the hanging plate below on the lower side of the spherical joints.

[0010] Optionally, the formwork for the hanging plate below includes a bottom formwork, secondary formwork keels and main keels. The bottom formwork and the main keels are supported by a number of secondary formwork keels; the bottom side of the steel bar grid slab of the roof panel is connected to an I-shaped steel; the hanging frame system further includes a suspension leveling mechanism, and the suspension leveling mechanism includes a clamping plate and a suspension rod. One side of the clamping plate is a limiting part, and a connecting part is horizontally extended on the other side. A clamping groove is arranged inside the clamping plate; the clamping plate is clamped on one side arm of the I-shaped steel through the clamping groove, and the connecting part is closely arranged on the upper end surface of the I-shaped steel; the suspension rod sequentially passes through the connecting part, the bottom formwork and the main keels, and is locked at both ends by nuts.

[0011] Optionally, a pressing plate one is closely arranged on the connecting part, a pressing plate two is closely arranged at the bottom end of the connecting part, and one end of the pressing plate two presses against the other side arm of the I-shaped steel. The pressing plate one, the connecting part and the pressing plate two are connected by a locking screw; an elastic buffer plate is arranged between the pressing plate one and the connecting part.

[0012] Optionally, the main keel includes two relatively arranged channel steels, and there is a gap between adjacent two channel steels; a hanging component is hung above the two channel steels, and a pulling rope of the hanging component passes through the gap between the two channel steels and is connected to a hanging weight water bag below.

[0013] Optionally, the hanging assembly includes a support rod, a connecting rod, a spring, and a bladder that can expand after being filled with a filling medium. The two ends of the support rod are extended with positioning rings. The support rod is supported on the upper end surface of the channel steel, and the positioning rings are closely attached to the inner side wall of the channel steel. The upper part of the connecting rod is extended with a limiting ring with a larger diameter. The upper end of the limiting ring is hinged to the middle part of the support rod. The bladder is in a cylindrical shape. A limiting cylinder is arranged on the inner wall of the bladder. A support ring is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom end of the limiting cylinder. The bottom end of the bladder is closely attached to the support ring. The connecting rod is arranged in the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder. The bottom end of the spring is closely attached to the support ring. A spring is arranged inside the limiting cylinder. The upper part of the spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod and is closely attached to the bottom end of the limiting ring at the end. A pull rope is hinged to the bottom end of the connecting rod, and a hanging water bag is connected to the lower part of the pull rope.

[0014] Optionally, a main pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the hanging water bag. A control valve is connected to the main pipe. An interface of the control valve is connected to a branch pipe, and the branch pipe is communicated with the bladder.

[0015] Optionally, through holes are formed in the side wall of the channel steel. Two limiting screws are connected in the through holes between two adjacent channel steels. The bladder is arranged between the limiting screws.

[0016] Optionally, arc-shaped limiting grooves are arranged on both sides of the bladder. The bladder is supported on the limiting screws through the limiting grooves.

[0017] A top plate construction process includes the following steps:

[0018] The top plate of the cavity is a grid structure with a double-layer concrete roof arranged up and down. The hanging plate on the lower side of the grid is constructed after the grid is installed and the concrete of the roof slab layer is poured.

[0019] When pouring the hanging plate: The concrete pouring area is pre-divided. The concrete pouring direction is continuous pouring symmetrically from both sides to the middle. A hanging water bag with the same weight as the concrete of the top hanging plate to be poured is hung under the spherical node part under the spherical grid to provide a prestress for the grid, and equal-quality drainage is carried out when pouring the concrete of the hanging plate.

[0020] Before pouring the concrete of the hanging plate, unload the hanging water bags at the pouring part. The unloading direction is the same as the pouring direction. One pouring unit is taken according to the distance between the suspender bars in the pouring area. All the hanging water bags in the pouring area are unloaded to 80% of the concrete load in this area before pouring the concrete. The concrete pouring rate is less than or equal to the unloading rate of the hanging water bags.

[0021] After each hanging water bag is unloaded, immediately remove the empty hanging water bag.

[0022] The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0023] In the present invention, for a building with a double-layer concrete roof arranged above and below a grid structure, first, the cast-in-place slab hanging below the grid is constructed after the grid installation is completed and the upper-layer concrete of the roof is poured. Then, a hanging plate mold is detachably arranged on the lower side of the grid, and a number of hanging weight water bags for providing prestress to the grid are arranged on the bottom side of the hanging plate mold. The weight of the hanging weight water bags is the same as the weight of the concrete of the hanging plate to be poured at the top. When the concrete is poured into the hanging plate mold, the hanging weight water bags are drained and unloaded synchronously during the pouring process. This structure reduces the influence of the self-weight of the concrete on the deflection of the grid. Especially for the double-layer concrete structure above and below the grid, the grid bears a greater weight of the concrete. By setting hanging weight water bags with the same weight as the concrete of the hanging plate to be poured at the top, the same prestress is generated on the grid. During the concrete pouring process, according to the amount of concrete poured, the water body with the same quality as the poured concrete is released correspondingly to offset the corresponding deflection, so as to ensure the forming quality of the concrete. This structure and method can promote the one-time pouring and forming of the hanging plate concrete and ensure the pouring quality. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer concrete roof arranged above and below a grid structure;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection node between the grid structure and the beam body;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of arranging hanging weight water bags below the grid provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a process flow chart of arranging a double-layer concrete roof on the grid structure provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hanging frame system provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a side view of hanging a hanging weight water bag on the hanging frame system provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a connection schematic diagram of the branch pipe and the main pipe provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the suspension leveling mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 It is a cross-sectional view of the suspension leveling mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 It is a side cross-sectional view of the suspension leveling mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the hanging component provided by the present invention installed on double channel steels;

[0035] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the hanging component provided by the present invention automatically unloading from double channel steels;

[0036] Figure 13 Partial structural schematic diagram of the hanging component provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 14 is Figure 11 Cross-sectional view along the A-A direction in

[0038] Figure 15 Structural diagram of the bladder provided by the present invention;

[0039] Icon: 1-main keel, 11-secondary formwork keel, 12-bottom formwork, 13-steel bars, 2-hanging water bag, 21-pulling rope, 22-main pipe, 23-branch pipe, 24-control valve, 25-pulling wire, 3-hanging component, 31-supporting rod, 32-positioning ring, 33-rotating sleeve, 34-limiting ring, 35-connecting rod, 4-clamping plate, 4a-limiting part, 4b-connecting part, 41-card slot, 42-first pressing plate, 43-second pressing plate, 44-locking screw, 5-hanging rod, 51-first nut, 52-protective sleeve, 53-second nut, 6-I-shaped steel, 7-limiting screw, 8-limiting cylinder, 81-spring, 82-supporting ring, 9-bladder, 91-limiting groove. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment

[0043] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, a hanging frame system for the construction of a cavity roof slab includes a grid, a roof slab and a lower hanging slab. A roof slab is arranged on the upper side of the grid, and the roof slab is a steel-concrete composite slab; a lower hanging slab is arranged on the lower side of the grid, and the lower hanging slab is a steel-concrete composite slab.

[0044] The upper part of the steel-concrete composite roof panel is a steel truss floor slab, and the floor slab is connected to the I-shaped steel 6 and the grid through stud bolts.

[0045] The roof beam and the grid are connected to the steel section and the column through stud bolts. The steel section exists as the structural beam of the roof composite slab, reducing the deformation of the roof slab. Its connection nodes are as Figure 2 shown.

[0046] As Figure 3 , and Figures 5 - 9 shown, a hanging plate mold is detachably arranged on the lower side of the grid. A number of hanging weight water bags 2 for providing prestress to the grid are arranged on the bottom side of the hanging plate mold. The weight of the hanging weight water bag 2 is the same as the weight of the concrete of the hanging plate to be poured at the top. The hanging plate mold is used to pour concrete to form the hanging plate. When the hanging plate mold pours concrete, the hanging weight water bag 2 discharges water and unloads synchronously during the pouring process.

[0047] Due to the construction requirements of the steel-concrete composite roof slab and the hanging plate, it can only be carried out after the construction of the main steel grid of the roof in the previous construction step of this sample section. Therefore, when constructing the roof slab and the hanging plate, it is necessary to consider the influence of the self-weight of the concrete on the deformation of the steel grid during concrete pouring. For the building design with double-layer concrete slabs arranged above and below the grid, the influence of the grid deformation needs to be considered more.

[0048] To reduce the influence of the grid deformation on the already poured roof slab and the hanging cast-in-place slab of the grid to be poured, when pouring the concrete of the hanging plate, the pouring direction is symmetrically continuous pouring from both sides to the middle. According to the calculation, water bodies with the same weight as the concrete of the hanging plate to be poured at the top are placed under the hanging part at the spherical node position to provide a prestress to the grid, and equal-quality drainage is carried out during the concrete pouring process to reduce the deformation amount of the steel grid, so as to promote the one-time pouring and forming of the concrete of the hanging plate, thereby ensuring the pouring quality of the roof slab and the hanging plate.

[0049] Referring to Figure 2 , spherical nodes are arranged on both the upper and lower sides of the grid, and the upper and lower spherical nodes are connected to each other by radially diverging struts. The hanging weight water bag 2 is hung on the hanging plate mold on the lower side of the spherical node to ensure that each hanging weight water bag 2 is in a reasonable position.

[0050] As Figures 5 - 10As shown in the figure, the lower suspended slab mold includes a bottom mold 12, secondary formwork keels 11, and main keels 1. The bottom mold 12 is supported by a number of secondary formwork keels 11 between the main keels 1; the bottom side of the steel bar grid slab of the roof slab is connected to the I-shaped steel 6; the hanging system further includes a suspension leveling mechanism, which includes a clamping plate 4 and a suspension rod 5. The clamping plate 4 is set in a C shape. One side of the clamping plate 4 is a limiting part 4a, and the other side is horizontally extended with a connecting part 4b. A clamping groove 41 is arranged inside the clamping plate 4; the clamping plate 4 is clamped on one side arm of the I-shaped steel 6 through the clamping groove 41, and the connecting part 4b is arranged close to the upper end surface of the I-shaped steel 6; the suspension rod 5 passes through the connecting part 4b, the bottom mold 12, and the main keel 1 in sequence. A first nut 51 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the suspension rod 5, and the first nut 51 is arranged close to the bottom end surface of the main keel 1. A second nut 53 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the suspension rod 5, and the second nut 53 is arranged close to the upper end surface of the connecting part 4b. Through the connection of the suspension rod 5, the nut, and the clamping plate 4, the entire lower suspended slab mold is stably suspended at the bottom end of the grid. Reinforcing bars 13 are arranged on the bottom mold 12, and a protective sleeve 52 is sleeved outside the position of the suspension rod 5 on the bottom mold 12 to prevent the suspension rod 5 from being affected during the pouring of concrete and facilitate the subsequent disassembly of the suspension rod 5.

[0051] For the installation of the formwork of the cast-in-place slab suspended under the grid of the cavity, a high-precision bolt-connected suspension leveling mechanism is used for operation. Through the adjustable suspension rod 5 and the C-shaped clamping plate 4, the suspension points are connected during the ground assembly of the formwork part and the suspended I-shaped steel under the grid. Through the ingenious connection components, the lower suspended slab mold is stably suspended and fixed, which is not only firmly fixed but also convenient and fast to disassemble, facilitating the subsequent pouring operation.

[0052] Furthermore, a first pressing plate 42 is closely arranged on the connecting part 4b, and a second pressing plate 43 is closely arranged at the bottom end of the connecting part 4b. One end of the second pressing plate 43 presses against the other side arm of the I-shaped steel 6. The first pressing plate 42, the connecting part 4b, and the second pressing plate 43 are connected by a locking screw 44 to further strengthen the fixing strength of the clamping plate 4; an elastic buffer plate is arranged between the first pressing plate 42 and the connecting part 4b.

[0053] A double-layer concrete roof is arranged on the upper and lower parts of the grid structure. According to the design requirements, the cast-in-place slab suspended under the grid needs to be constructed after the grid installation is completed and the upper-layer concrete of the roof slab is poured. By designing the lower suspended slab mold and the suspension leveling mechanism, during installation, the lower suspended slab mold and the suspension leveling mechanism are hoisted and lifted to the roof synchronously with the grid. During the hoisting and lifting, due to the horizontal wind load, a small horizontal displacement will be generated on the grid. If the connection node between the suspension leveling mechanism and the grid is too rigid, it will cause wear and deformation of the high-precision suspension rod 5, affecting its mechanical properties. Therefore, an elastic buffer plate is set, which is a polytetrafluoroethylene plate made of a flexible material with a relatively large elastic modulus, to prevent the wear of the gasket, nut, and connecting part "C-shaped" clamping plate 4 caused by the shaking of the suspension rod 5 during the hoisting and lifting process.

[0054] As Figure 10 、Figure 14 As shown, the main keel 1 includes two channel steels arranged oppositely, and there is a gap 1a between adjacent channel steels. The suspender 5 passes through the gap 1a and is fixedly connected through gaskets, backing plates and the first nut 51.

[0055] Refer to Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown in, a hanging water bag 2 is arranged between adjacent two suspension leveling mechanisms. Specifically, a detachable hanging assembly 3 is hung above the two channel steels. The pulling rope 21 of the hanging assembly 3 passes through the gap 1a between the two channel steels and is connected with the hanging water bag 2 below. This design is to meet the requirement that when the hanging water bag 2 is unloaded with the pouring of concrete, when the water body of the hanging water bag 2 is completely unloaded, the hanging water bag 2 can be disassembled in time, without affecting the counterweight and the continuous pouring of concrete, so as to ensure the pouring quality.

[0056] As Figures 11 - 15 shown, the hanging assembly 3 includes a support rod 31, a connecting rod 35, a spring 81 and a capsule 9 that can expand after being filled with a filling medium. Positioning rings 32 are extended and arranged at both ends of the support rod 31. The distance between adjacent two positioning rings 32 is exactly the width of the gap 1a, that is, the distance between the two channel steels. The support rod 31 is supported on the upper end surface of the channel steel, and the positioning ring 32 is tightly attached to the inner side wall of the channel steel, so as to limit the support rod 31 on the upper end surface of the channel steel. In this case, the support rod 31 and the positioning ring 32 are similar to the composition of a shaft and a wheel, and are arranged on the upper side of the channel steel and can slide along the length direction of the channel steel.

[0057] A limiting ring 34 with a larger diameter is extended and arranged at the upper part of the connecting rod 35. The upper end of the limiting ring 34 is hinged with a rotating sleeve 33 at the middle part of the support rod 31. The capsule 9 is arranged in a cylindrical shape. A limiting cylinder 8 is arranged on the inner wall of the capsule 9. A support ring 82 is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom end of the limiting cylinder 8. The bottom end of the capsule 9 is tightly attached to the support ring 82, and the limiting ring 34 can slide along the inner wall of the limiting cylinder 8.

[0058] The connecting rod 35 is arranged in the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder 8. A spring 81 is arranged inside the limiting cylinder 8. The bottom end of the spring 81 is tightly attached to the support ring 82. The upper part of the spring 81 is sleeved outside the connecting rod 35 and is tightly attached to the bottom end of the limiting ring 34 at the end. The bottom end of the connecting rod 35 is hinged with a pulling rope 21. The pulling rope 21 passes through the limiting cylinder 8 and is connected with the hanging water bag 2 below.

[0059] As Figure 11As shown in the figure, when in use, the hanging assembly 3 is passed through the gap between the two channel steels to the upper side, so that the bladder 9 is completely located in the gap between the two channel steels, and a medium such as gas is filled. After the bladder 9 expands, the hanging assembly 3 is fixed on the inner walls of the two channel steels, and then the pull rope 21 is pulled downwards, so that the support rod 31 supports on the upper end surface of the channel steel. At this time, the spring 81 is compressed, and a water body with the same mass as concrete is filled into the suspended water bag 2, that is, the suspension of the suspended water bag 2 is completed.

[0060] such as Figure 12 As shown in the figure, during the concrete pouring, when the suspended water bag 2 synchronously unloads the water body, when the water body is completely removed, relying on the elastic force of the spring 81, the connecting rod 35 is quickly bounced upwards. At the same time, due to its own weight, the support rod 31 automatically rotates and fits on one side of the connecting rod 35. In this case, when the pull rope 21 is pulled downwards, the support rod 31 can be pulled into the gap between the two channel steels, and then the bladder 9 is deflated. After the fixation between the bladder 9 and the inner wall of the channel steel is released, the entire hanging assembly 3 automatically drops by its own weight, so as to quickly remove the hanging assembly 3 and the suspended water bag 2, and disassemble the empty water bag in the first time after the water body of the suspended water bag 2 is unloaded, avoiding the influence of the self-weight suspension of the empty suspended water bag 2 on the pouring quality.

[0061] such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, a main pipe 22 is provided at the bottom end of the suspended water bag 2, and the main pipe 22 is an inlet pipe and also has a drainage function. The air inlet of the bladder 9 is connected with a branch pipe 23, and the branch pipe 23 hangs down to the bottom side of the suspended water bag 2 all the time. A pull wire 25 is also provided at the bottom end of the suspended water bag 2, and the pull wire 25 is fixed to the ground surface through a fixing mechanism. Since the length of the pull rope 21 is relatively long, after the suspended water bag 2 is installed after the grid is lifted to the roof, the bottom of the suspended water bag 2 is about 1 m away from the ground. Therefore, to prevent the pull ropes 21 from being twisted into one strand during the lifting process, a pull wire 25 is installed on the ground as a wire bundler to fix the pull ropes 21 to make them as straight as possible.

[0062] After the suspended water bag 2 is suspended, water is replenished into the suspended water bag 2 through the main pipe 22; during unloading, the water body of the suspended water bag 2 is drained through the main pipe 22.

[0063] such as Figure 14 As shown in the figure, in the present invention, in order to reduce the weight of the main keel 1, a plurality of through holes, that is, weight-reducing slot holes, are provided on the side wall of the channel steel. These through holes are inherent in the channel steel and no drilling operation is carried out later. Two limit screws 7 are connected in the through holes between two adjacent channel steels, and the bladder 9 is arranged between the limit screws 7. The bladder 9 is further limited by the limit screws 7 to prevent the bladder 9 from sliding along the length direction of the channel steel, resulting in the sliding of the support rod 31 during hoisting and causing potential safety hazards.

[0064] such as Figure 13 、 14As shown in the figure, arc-shaped limiting grooves 91 are provided on both sides of the bladder 9, and the bladder 9 is supported on the limiting screw rod 7 through the limiting grooves 91. Through the design of the limiting grooves 91, when the bladder 9 expands slightly, it can be stably hung on the two limiting screw rods 7. Even when the pull rope 21 is tightened to press the support rod 31 against the channel steel, due to the elastic force of the spring 81, the bladder 9 will not be separated from the limiting screw rod 7 or the channel steel.

[0065] As Figure 7 shown in the figure, further, a control valve 24 is further included. The two outlets of the control valve 24 are respectively connected to the branch pipe 23 and the main pipe 22, and a communication valve 25 is also connected between the branch pipe 23 and the main pipe 22 through a pipeline.

[0066] In order to simplify the steps of the entire hanging process, the bladder 9 is not inflated by an additional inflation device. Therefore, the control valve 24 and the communication valve 25 are designed. When the bladder 9 needs to be initially fixed on the inner wall of the channel steel, the water supply pipe is connected to the inlet of the control valve 24, and at the same time, the control valve 24 is controlled to communicate the control valve 24 with the branch pipe 23. Water source with a certain pressure is introduced into the bladder 9 through the branch pipe 23. Even if the inlet water pressure is not large, only slightly control the expansion of the bladder 9 so that the limiting groove 91 of the bladder 9 is supported on the limiting screw rod 7. In this way, the entire bladder 9 can be attached and hung between the two channel steels. Then, pull the pull rope 21 to make the support rod 31 closely adhere to the upper end surface of the channel steel. Since the bladder 9 is limited, the spring 81 is compressed at this time. Then, control the control valve 24 to communicate the control valve 24 with the main pipe 22 to replenish water to the hanging weight water bag 2 until it has the same weight as the concrete of the lower hanging plate to be poured.

[0067] After the water replenishment is completed, the control valve 24 is in a closed state, and then the communication valve 25 is controlled to open to communicate the branch pipe 23 and the main pipe 22. The gravitational potential energy and water pressure of the hanging weight water bag 2 will generate pressure at the bottom of the water bag, and this pressure will be transmitted to the bladder 9, causing the bladder 9 to expand further and tightly press against the inner wall of the channel steel, realizing stable connection, avoiding the sliding of the hanging assembly, that is, the sliding of the support rod 31, and ensuring the connection stability of the hanging weight water bag 2. When unloading the water body of the hanging weight water bag 2, the communication valve 25 is closed, and the control valve 24 is controlled to communicate the control valve 24 with the main pipe 22 for drainage; while the bladder 9 maintains a certain pressure and expands tightly against the side wall of the channel steel. When the water body of the hanging weight water bag 2 is completely drained, loosen the pull wire 25, and the pull rope 21 is affected by the spring 81. The spring 81 pushes the connecting rod 35 to rise, so that the support rod 31 can rotate freely and fit against the side wall of the connecting rod 35 (as Figure 12As shown, the drawstring 21 can then be pulled to draw the connecting rod 35 into the gap between the two channel steels. Finally, the connecting valve 25 is controlled to open so that the branch pipe 23 and the control valve 24 are connected. After the water in the bladder 9 is drained, the entire hanging assembly 3 (bladder 9, connecting rod 35, support rod 31, etc.) can be pulled away from the channel steel by its own weight or by manually pulling the drawstring 21, and the suspended heavy water bag 2 can be quickly disassembled.

[0068] Referring to Figure 4 , a construction technology for the top plate includes the following steps:

[0069] The top plate of the cave body is a grid structure with a double-layer concrete roof on the upper and lower sides. The hanging plate on the lower side of the grid is constructed after the grid installation is completed and the concrete of the roof panel layer is poured. In this construction method, the upper roof panel is poured first. The quality of the single-layer concrete has a relatively minor impact on the grid, and this pouring method is carried out layer by layer from top to bottom, making the operation simpler.

[0070] When pouring the hanging plate: The concrete pouring area is pre-divided, and the concrete pouring direction is symmetrically and continuously poured from both sides to the middle to reduce the influence of the grid deformation on the roof panel and the cast-in-place hanging plate under the cave body grid; A suspended heavy water bag 2 with the same weight as the concrete of the top hanging plate to be poured is hung at the spherical node part under the spherical grid to provide a prestress for the grid, and equal-quality drainage is carried out when pouring the concrete of the hanging plate to reduce the deformation amount of the steel grid.

[0071] Before pouring the concrete of the hanging plate, unload the suspended heavy water bag 2 at the pouring part. The unloading direction is the same as the pouring direction. One pouring unit is taken according to the spacing of the suspender 5 in the pouring area. All the suspended heavy water bags 2 in the pouring area are unloaded to 80% of the concrete load in this area before pouring the concrete. The concrete pouring rate is less than or equal to the unloading rate of the suspended heavy water bag 2. To ensure that the load exceeded by the concrete pouring does not occur, the lower concrete discharging personnel and the operators of unloading the suspended heavy water bag 2 use a wireless intercom to synchronize the operation. Before each concrete discharging, it is necessary to confirm the unloading progress with the personnel unloading the suspended heavy water bag 2.

[0072] After each suspended heavy water bag 2 is unloaded, immediately remove the unloaded suspended heavy water bag 2 to avoid the influence of the self-weight of the empty water bag on the pouring quality.

[0073] Through the above pouring process design, the influence of the concrete self-weight on the deflection of the grid can be reduced. By using the suspended heavy water bag 2, a prestress is generated on the grid. During the concrete pouring process, the corresponding amount of water in the hanging bag is synchronously released to offset the corresponding deflection, and it can be poured in one time to ensure the concrete forming quality.

[0074] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hanging frame system for the construction of the roof of a cavity, characterized in that : It includes a grid frame, a roof panel and a hanging panel. A roof panel is arranged on the upper side of the grid frame, and the roof panel is a steel-concrete composite panel; a hanging panel is arranged on the lower side of the grid frame, and the hanging panel is a steel-concrete composite panel; A hanging panel mold is detachably arranged on the lower side of the grid frame. A number of hanging weight water bags for providing prestress to the grid frame are arranged on the bottom side of the hanging panel mold, and the weight of the hanging weight water bags is the same as the weight of the concrete of the hanging panel to be poured at the top; the hanging panel mold is used for pouring concrete to form a hanging panel. When the hanging panel mold pours concrete, the hanging weight water bags are drained and unloaded synchronously during the pouring process.

2. The hanging rack system for the construction of the top plate of the cave body according to claim 1, characterized in that: Spherical joints are arranged on both the upper and lower sides of the grid frame, and the hanging weight water bags are hung on the hanging panel mold on the lower side of the spherical joints.

3. The hanging frame system for the construction of the cavity roof slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging panel mold includes a bottom mold, formwork secondary keels and main keels. The bottom mold and the main keels are supported by a number of mold secondary keels; the bottom side of the steel bar grid slab of the roof panel is connected to an I-shaped steel; the hanging frame system further includes a suspension leveling mechanism, and the suspension leveling mechanism includes a clamping plate and a suspension rod. One side of the clamping plate is a limiting part, and the other side extends horizontally to be provided with a connecting part. A clamping groove is arranged inside the clamping plate; the clamping plate is clamped on one side arm of the I-shaped steel through the clamping groove, and the connecting part is arranged closely against the upper end face of the I-shaped steel; the suspension rod sequentially passes through the connecting part, the bottom mold and the main keels, and is locked at both ends by nuts.

4. The hanging frame system for the construction of the cave roof slab according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressing plate one is closely arranged on the connecting part, and a pressing plate two is closely arranged at the bottom end of the connecting part. One end of the pressing plate two presses against the other side arm of the I-shaped steel. The pressing plate one, the connecting part and the pressing plate two are connected by a locking screw; an elastic buffer plate is arranged between the pressing plate one and the connecting part.

5. The hanging bracket system for the construction of the cave roof slab according to claim 3, wherein: The main keel includes two relatively arranged channel steels, and there is a gap between adjacent two channel steels; a hanging component is hung above the two channel steels, and a pulling rope of the hanging component passes through the gap between the two channel steels and is connected with a hanging weight water bag below.

6. The hanging rack system for the construction of the cavity roof slab according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hanging component includes a support rod, a connecting rod, a spring and a capsule that can expand after filling with a medium. Positioning rings are extended at both ends of the support rod, and the support rod is supported on the upper end face of the channel steel, and the positioning rings are closely arranged against the inner side walls of the channel steels; a limiting ring with a larger diameter is extended at the upper part of the connecting rod, and the upper end of the limiting ring is hinged to the middle part of the support rod. The capsule is arranged in a cylindrical shape, a limiting cylinder is arranged on the inner wall of the capsule, a support ring is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom end of the limiting cylinder, and the bottom end of the capsule is closely arranged against the support ring; the connecting rod is arranged in the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder, the bottom end of the spring is closely arranged against the support ring, a spring is arranged inside the limiting cylinder, the upper part of the spring is sleeved on the outside of the connecting rod and is closely arranged against the bottom end of the limiting ring at the end, and a pulling rope is hinged to the bottom end of the connecting rod, and the lower part of the pulling rope is connected with a hanging weight water bag.

7. The hanging frame system for the construction of the cavity roof slab according to claim 6, characterized in that: A main pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the hanging weight water bag, a control valve is connected to the main pipe, one interface of the control valve is connected with a branch pipe, and the branch pipe is communicated with the capsule.

8. The hanging bracket system for the construction of the cavity roof slab according to claim 7, characterized in that: Through holes are opened on the side walls of the channel steels, and two limiting screws are connected in the through holes between adjacent two channel steels, and the capsule is arranged between the limiting screws.

9. The hanging frame system for the construction of the cavity roof slab according to claim 8, wherein: Arc-shaped limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the bladder, and the bladder is supported on the limiting screw through the limiting grooves.

10. The construction process of the top plate of the hanger system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: The top plate of the cavity is a grid structure with a double-layer concrete roof on the top and bottom. The hanging plate on the lower side of the grid is constructed after the grid installation is completed and the concrete of the roof panel layer is poured. During the pouring of the hanging plate: the concrete pouring area is pre-divided, and the concrete pouring direction is continuous pouring symmetrically from both sides to the middle. A hanging weight water bag with the same weight as the concrete of the top hanging plate to be poured is hung at the spherical joint part under the spherical grid to provide a prestress for the grid, and equal-quality drainage is carried out during the pouring of the concrete of the hanging plate. Before the concrete of the hanging plate is poured, the hanging weight water bags at the pouring part are unloaded, and the unloading direction is the same as the pouring direction. One pouring unit is taken according to the distance between the suspender bars in the pouring area. When the hanging weight water bags in the pouring area are unloaded to 80% of the concrete load in this area, the concrete is poured, and the concrete pouring rate is less than or equal to the unloading rate of the hanging weight water bags. After each hanging weight water bag is unloaded, the empty hanging weight water bag is immediately removed.

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