Quickly-assembled prestressed anti-explosion structure of island reef building

Abstract

The anti-explosion structure is formed by combining a plurality of anti-explosion plates, and mainly comprises a force bearing plate assembly, an anti-explosion plate assembly, an anti-explosion plate assembly, an anti-explosion plate assembly and an anti-explosion plate assembly, the two-way active prestress system is transversely and longitudinally arranged on the force bearing plate assembly in a crossed and penetrating manner, and is anchored and fixed on the force bearing plate on at least one side; the two-way passive prestress systems are transversely and longitudinally arranged on the force bearing plate assembly in a crossed and penetrating manner and are anchored and fixed on the force bearing plate on at least one side, and the two-way passive prestress systems and the two-way active prestress systems are alternately arranged; the anchor end spiral steel bars are arranged at the two ends of the two-way active prestress system and the two ends of the two-way passive prestress system in a sleeving mode on the inner side of the bearing plate assembly; and the concrete is poured in the anti-knock plate frame formed by the bearing plate assemblies. The invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient stability of prestressed tendons, damage to concrete in an anchorage device area at a fixed end and the like in an existing anti-knock structure prestress technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building structures, especially the field of engineering structure protection, and specifically relates to a rapid assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure for reef buildings. Background Art

[0002] Anti-explosion structures are widely used in the field of engineering protection of deep-sea reef shelters, and they can protect important buildings.

[0003] The assembled prestressed anti-explosion structure applies prestress technology to the design and construction of anti-explosion structures. By embedding a prestress system in the steel reinforcement cage, concrete is poured and cured in a factory environment. After the concrete strength reaches the design value, the prestressed tendons are successively tensioned and locked, so that the anti-explosion structure meets the anti-explosion design requirements. The application of prestress technology to anti-explosion structures can improve the anti-explosion performance of the structure, enhance the energy absorption and deformation ability of the structure, and reduce the amount of steel bars used.

[0004] However, the conventional prestress technology has the following problems when used in anti-explosion structures:

[0005] During the construction and installation process, the prestressed tendons may shift, relax or slip. Especially during hoisting and placement, it is difficult to maintain the predetermined position, resulting in the influence on the tensioning effect; when multiple prestressed tendons are actively tensioned, the prestress of the previously tensioned tendon materials may be partially lost due to reasons such as friction and relaxation, reducing the stress uniformity of the overall structure; during the prestress application process, the concrete near the fixed-end anchor bears concentrated stress. If the concrete strength is insufficient, local cracking or even crushing may occur, affecting the overall performance of the structure.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a rapid assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure for reef buildings, aiming to solve the problems such as insufficient stability of prestressed tendons and concrete damage in the fixed-end anchor area in the prestress technology of existing anti-explosion structures.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The present invention first provides a rapid assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure for reef buildings. This anti-explosion structure is composed of multiple anti-explosion plates arranged and combined horizontally and / or longitudinally, and mainly includes:

[0010] A load-bearing plate assembly, which forms an anti-explosion plate frame by enclosing multiple load-bearing plates horizontally and longitudinally;

[0011] A bidirectional active prestress system, which is cross-penetrated on the load-bearing plate assembly horizontally and longitudinally and is anchored and fixed on at least one side of the load-bearing plate;

[0012] The bidirectional passive prestressing system is transversely and longitudinally passed through the load-bearing plate assembly and anchored and fixed on at least one side of the load-bearing plate, and the bidirectional passive prestressing system and the bidirectional active prestressing system are alternately arranged;

[0013] The anchor end spiral steel bars are sleeved on both ends of the bidirectional active prestressing system and the bidirectional passive prestressing system inside the load-bearing plate assembly;

[0014] Concrete is poured into the anti-explosion plate frame formed by the load-bearing plate assembly.

[0015] As a better improvement, the load-bearing plate assembly includes:

[0016] The anchor end load-bearing plates, and multiple anchor end load-bearing plates are arranged transversely and longitudinally around the anti-explosion plate to form edge constraints;

[0017] The middle load-bearing plates, and multiple middle load-bearing plates are arranged transversely and longitudinally in the middle of the anti-explosion plate to form middle constraints;

[0018] Moreover, the load-bearing plates are not rigidly connected or not connected to each other.

[0019] As a better improvement, adjacent anchor end load-bearing plates and / or middle load-bearing plates are butted at the interface and high-rigidity springs are arranged, and the axis of the high-rigidity spring coincides with the axis of the interface to avoid excessive influence on adjacent anti-explosion plates when the anti-explosion plate is impacted by an explosion.

[0020] As a better improvement, the anti-explosion structure further includes:

[0021] The bidirectional support assemblies, and multiple groups of bidirectional support assemblies are arranged transversely and longitudinally in the anti-explosion plate to maintain the stability of the anchor end load-bearing plates and the middle load-bearing plates; and / or

[0022] The middle spiral steel bars are sleeved on the middle parts of the bidirectional active prestressing system and the bidirectional passive prestressing system inside the load-bearing plate assembly near the middle load-bearing plates.

[0023] As a better improvement, the bidirectional support assembly includes:

[0024] The inter-plate bidirectional struts, and multiple inter-plate bidirectional struts are transversely and longitudinally passed through the anchor end load-bearing plates and the middle load-bearing plates and mechanically fixed;

[0025] The middle connectors of the bidirectional struts, in each anti-explosion plate, multiple middle connectors of the bidirectional struts are respectively arranged at the corners of the anti-explosion plate and connect two of the inter-plate bidirectional struts transversely and / or longitudinally.

[0026] As a preferred improvement, the middle connecting piece of the bidirectional strut is a four-pointed star structure, and internal threaded holes are provided at four corners. The end of the inter-plate bidirectional strut has an external thread and is connected by threads.

[0027] As a preferred improvement, the bidirectional active prestressing system includes:

[0028] Prestressing tendons;

[0029] Prestressing ducts, which are transversely and longitudinally crossed and arranged on the anchor end bearing plate and the middle bearing plate. The prestressing tendons are arranged in the prestressing ducts and are pre-tensioned and anchored and fixed on at least one side of the anchor end bearing plate.

[0030] As a preferred improvement, the bidirectional passive prestressing system includes:

[0031] Prestressing tendons, which are broken into two sections in the middle;

[0032] Elastic connecting pieces, with both ends of the elastic connecting pieces respectively connected to the two broken prestressing tendons;

[0033] Sleeves, which are coated around the elastic connecting pieces, and the length of the sleeves is longer than the maximum tensile length of the elastic connecting pieces.

[0034] As a preferred improvement, the bidirectional passive prestressing system further includes:

[0035] Fixed end seals, which are fixed at the end of one of the broken prestressing tendons, and are connected and fixed and sealed with one end of the sleeve at the same time;

[0036] Movable end seals, which are sleeved on the other broken prestressing tendon, and are connected and fixed and sealed with the other end of the sleeve at the same time, and can slide on the other broken prestressing tendon;

[0037] Sliding stroke limiters, which are fixed at the end of the other broken prestressing tendon, and can abut against the movable end seals when the elastic connecting pieces reach or are about to reach the maximum tensile length.

[0038] The present invention also provides a construction method of an explosion-resistant structure as described above, including:

[0039] Fabricating a steel reinforcement cage on a precast concrete mold in a factory;

[0040] Install an active prestressing system on the fabricated steel reinforcement cage. Install an anchor end bearing plate at the end of the steel reinforcement cage, and install several middle bearing plates in the middle section of the steel reinforcement cage, as well as anchor end spiral steel bars, several middle spiral steel bars, and several middle bearing plates. The active prestressing system and the steel reinforcement cage are fixed by tying.

[0041] Install a passive prestressing system on the fabricated steel reinforcement cage;

[0042] Pour concrete in the mold and cure the blast-resistant panel in the factory. After curing is completed, take it out of the factory and place it in the working environment;

[0043] Before tensioning, remove the protective sleeve of the active prestressing tendon, clean the polyurethane coating, perform prestressing tensioning operation in the working environment, and grout the duct of the prestressing tendon with epoxy resin grouting material.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are: A rapid assembly prestressed blast-resistant structure for island reef buildings provided by the present invention, specifically, at least includes at least one of the following advantages:

[0045] In the present invention, the active and passive prestressing systems act synergistically. The active prestressing system applies an initial stress to the concrete slab and connects multiple blast-resistant concrete slabs, effectively offsetting part of the explosion impact force, reducing the crack propagation and deformation of the concrete slab; the passive prestressing system does not need to be tensioned in advance and can respond quickly under the explosion impact. The buffer and energy absorption characteristics of the elastic connection members are used to reduce the instantaneous impact force and achieve multiple protections.

[0046] In the present invention, the prestressing tendons in the active prestressing system are stressed in sections through multiple blast-resistant concrete slabs, avoiding the concrete near the fixed-end anchor and the tension-end anchor from bearing excessive concentrated stress, and avoiding local cracking or even breaking due to insufficient concrete strength, thus improving the overall performance of the structure.

[0047] In the present invention, rigid connections are adopted between the opposite plates of the blast-resistant concrete slabs, such as the anchor end bearing plate and the opposite middle bearing plate, or two opposite middle bearing plates, specifically steel bars and anchor fittings, to ensure the overall stiffness and stability. Springs are arranged at the interfaces of the adjacent middle bearing plates to provide a certain flexible energy absorption effect.

[0048] In the present invention, high-rigidity springs are arranged at the interfaces of the middle bearing plates to reduce the mutual influence between adjacent blast-resistant panels under the explosion impact.

[0049] In the present invention, the blast-resistant concrete slabs adopt the rapid assembly mode of prefabrication in the factory and working environment, avoiding the offset, relaxation or slip of the prestressing tendons when hoisting the whole tensioned concrete slab.

[0050] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the present invention does not mean that multiple or all of the above beneficial effects need to be simultaneously achieved or satisfied. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other implementation drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0052] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they do not have substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the efficacy that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0053] Figure 1 It is an overall three-dimensional view (concrete not shown) of a rapid-assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is an overall plan view of a rapid-assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is a schematic connection diagram of the anchor end bearing plate of a rapid-assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the middle connector of the two-way strut of a rapid-assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the spring arrangement at the interface of adjacent middle bearing plates of a rapid-assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 It is an overall schematic diagram of the passive prestress system of a rapid-assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 It is a decomposed schematic diagram of the passive prestress system of a rapid-assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8This is an overall three-dimensional view of a fast-assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Labels in the figure:

[0062] Load-bearing plate assembly 1, anchor-end load-bearing plate 11, strut hole 111, fixing hole 112, middle load-bearing plate 12;

[0063] Two-way active prestress system 2, active prestressing tendon 21, prestress duct 22;

[0064] Two-way passive prestress system 3, passive prestressing tendon 31, spring 32, sleeve 33, fixed-end seal 34, movable-end seal 35, sliding stroke limiter 36;

[0065] Anchor-end spiral reinforcement 4;

[0066] Two-way support assembly 5, inter-plate two-way strut 51, two-way strut middle connector 52;

[0067] High-rigidity spring 6;

[0068] Middle spiral reinforcement 7;

[0069] Anchorage 8.

[0070] In each figure, the same or corresponding reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts. Detailed implementation manners

[0071] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings. Herein, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but do not limit the present invention.

[0072] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0073] It should be understood that the terms "comprising / including", "consisting of" or any other variant is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product, device, process or method comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also, when necessary, other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such product, device, process or method. Without further limitation, the elements defined by the statement "comprising / including..." or "consisting of" do not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, device, process or method comprising the said elements.

[0074] It should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operate in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0075] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0076] The following will elaborate in detail on the specific implementation and preferred solutions of a self-resetting energy-dissipating brace with an embedded double-yield-point U-shaped damper proposed by the present invention.

[0077] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, a rapid-assembly prestressed blast-resistant structure for island reef buildings is applied to important buildings in deep-sea island reefs. This blast-resistant structure is composed of multiple blast-resistant plates and mainly includes a load-bearing plate assembly 1, a two-way active prestressing system 2, a two-way passive prestressing system 3, anchor-end spiral steel bars 4, concrete, and a necessary steel reinforcement cage (not shown in the figure). The present invention uses the load-bearing plate assembly to solve the problems in the prior art such as the offset, relaxation or slip of prestressing tendons during hoisting and placement, the partial loss of prestress of the prestressing part of the prestressing tendons when multiple prestressing tendons are actively tensioned, and the local cracking of concrete near the fixed-end anchor. At the same time, constraints are provided, and the blast-resistant ability of the blast-resistant plate is enhanced by the combined use of the main and passive prestressing systems.

[0078] As Figure 1As shown, the blast-resistant plate can be a plate structure with a regular shape. For example, it can be a rectangular or square plate arranged horizontally and vertically, serving as the wall panel, floor slab of the reef building, or an auxiliary blast-resistant plate for assisting the existing wall panels and floor slabs. Of course, it can also be a plate of other shapes according to actual needs.

[0079] In the present invention, as Figure 1 , the load-bearing plate assembly 1 is formed by enclosing multiple load-bearing plates horizontally and vertically to form a blast-resistant plate frame. The blast-resistant plate frame formed by the load-bearing plate assembly 1 serves at least as the external contour and edge constraint of the entire blast-resistant plate, and at the same time is used as the peripheral structure (instead of the formwork) for pouring concrete, and the load-bearing plate assembly 1 can provide sufficient local compressive performance and bear the end load during prestress tensioning.

[0080] In some embodiments, the load-bearing plate assembly 1 first includes anchor-end load-bearing plates 11. The anchor-end load-bearing plates 11 are arranged at the edges of the blast-resistant plate and at the ends of the prestressing tendons. Multiple anchor-end load-bearing plates 11 are arranged around the blast-resistant plate horizontally and vertically to form an edge constraint. For a square blast-resistant plate unit, four anchor-end load-bearing plates 11 are provided, and for a blast-resistant plate composed of four blast-resistant plate units, there are a total of eight anchor-end load-bearing plates 11, two on each side.

[0081] In some embodiments, the load-bearing plate assembly 1 further includes middle load-bearing plates 12. The middle load-bearing plates 12 are arranged in the middle of the blast-resistant plate. Multiple middle load-bearing plates 12 are arranged horizontally and vertically and cross each other in the middle of the blast-resistant plate to form a middle constraint. As Figure 1 shown, four middle load-bearing plates 12 are arranged in a cross in the middle of the blast-resistant plate composed of four blast-resistant plate units, and the entire blast-resistant plate forms a grid pattern like a Chinese character "tian".

[0082] Conventional prestressing tendon positioning is usually two-end anchorages and an intermediate steel reinforcement cage, with few fixing points and the tendon passing through cannot be too large. In the present invention, the load-bearing plates enclosed horizontally and vertically, and fixed and connected with the help of the steel reinforcement cage, can increase the fixing points of the prestressing tendons, and correspondingly can increase the size and bearing capacity of the pre-tensioned or post-tensioned active prestressing tendons and reduce the offset.

[0083] Specifically, both the anchor-end load-bearing plates 11 and the middle load-bearing plates 12 are made of strip steel plates, and the length, height and thickness are determined by design requirements. Through holes are pre-opened on the strip steel plates to allow each prestressing tendon (sheath) to pass through.

[0084] It should be noted that the middle load-bearing plate 12 is not rigidly connected or not connected to the anchor-end load-bearing plate 11. Moreover, the middle load-bearing plates 12 are not rigidly connected or not connected at the joints, and the anchor-end load-bearing plates 11 are not rigidly connected or not connected at the joints. With such a design, when the explosion shock wave is transmitted to the structure, the non-rigid connection or non-connection can block the continuous transmission of the stress wave, indirectly transfer more impact energy to the active-passive prestress system and the concrete, and at the same time facilitate replacement in case of local damage, without the need for overall replacement as in the case of an integral structure.

[0085] In the present invention, as Figure 1 , the bidirectional active prestress system 2 is transversely and longitudinally cross-passed through the load-bearing plate assembly 1 and anchored and fixed on at least one side of the load-bearing plate. In the figure, it is fixed at one end and tensioned and anchored at the other end. Of course, it can also be tensioned and anchored bidirectionally. When the bidirectional active prestress system 2 is installed, it is tensioned and anchored in advance to tighten the anchor-end load-bearing plate and the middle load-bearing plate, and actively provide bearing capacity. Multiple prestressing tendons can be used and passed through each load-bearing plate.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present invention, referring again to Figure 3 , the bidirectional active prestress system 2 includes multiple ones, for example, two in each of the transverse and longitudinal directions, a total of four in each blast-resistant plate unit. Each one includes an active prestressing tendon 21 and a prestressing duct 22. The prestressing duct 22 is transversely and longitudinally cross-passed through the through holes in the anchor-end load-bearing plate 11 and the middle load-bearing plate 12 to facilitate the tensioning of the prestressing tendon after the concrete is poured. The active prestressing tendon 21 is passed through the prestressing duct 22 and is anchored and fixed on at least one side of the anchor-end load-bearing plate 11 by an anchor 8. The active prestressing tendon 21 is made of CFRP bars and coated with a high-solid-content polyurethane coating.

[0087] In the present invention, the initial stress is applied to the blast-resistant concrete slab through the active prestress system and multiple blast-resistant concrete slabs are connected, effectively offsetting part of the explosion impact force and reducing the crack propagation and deformation of the blast-resistant concrete slab.

[0088] Similarly, the bidirectional passive prestress system 3 is transversely and longitudinally cross-passed through the load-bearing plate assembly 1 and anchored and fixed on at least one side of the load-bearing plate. The passive prestress system has no effect during installation, that is, it is not pre-tensioned, and the bidirectional passive prestress system 3 and the bidirectional active prestress system 2 are alternately arranged. In the figure, one bidirectional passive prestressing tendon is arranged between two bidirectional active prestressing tendons. Through the alternate arrangement, the active prestress system is tensioned in advance. During the first wave of impact, the active prestress system plays a role first, and at the same time triggers the passive prestress system, and the passive prestress system serves as a supplement.

[0089] Continue to refer to Figures 6 - 7, the bi-directional passive prestressing system 3 includes passive prestressing tendons 31, springs 32 as a specific elastic connector, and sleeves 33. However, the passive prestressing tendon 31 is interrupted in the middle, that is, broken into two sections. The spring 32 is arranged between the two sections of the passive prestressing tendon 31, with one end connected to the end of one of the interrupted passive prestressing tendons 31 and the other end connected to the end of the other interrupted passive prestressing tendon 31. The spring 32 can be specifically connected by welding, or circular backing plates are welded to the ends of the two interrupted passive prestressing tendons 31, and the spring 32 is welded to the circular backing plates.

[0090] After connection, a sleeve 33 is arranged on the periphery. The sleeve 33 can be a hollow circular tube inside, covering the periphery of the spring 32. After covering, the sleeve 33 remains fixed on the prestressing tendon, and both ends are closed. And the length of the sleeve 33 is longer than the total length of the spring 32, so as to protect the internal spring 32, ensure that the spring 32 still produces elastic deformation after concrete pouring, and at the same time prevent being disturbed or damaged during use. Preferably, the length of the sleeve 33 is 1.2 - 1.5 times the length of the spring 32. Under normal conditions, one end of the spring 32 is relatively fixed and the other end is relatively movable. For example, in the figure, the left end is fixed and the right end is movable. When stressed, the right end of the spring 32 moves continuously to the right following the prestressing tendon. When the right end touches the sleeve, the spring no longer elongates, thus forming a limit and not being infinitely stretched.

[0091] Furthermore, the bi-directional passive prestressing system 3 includes a fixed-end seal 34 and a movable-end seal 35. The so-called fixed means fixed relative to its corresponding prestressing tendon, and the so-called movable means movable relative to its corresponding prestressing tendon. The fixed-end seal 34 is fixed to the end of one of the interrupted passive prestressing tendons 31, and at the same time is connected and fixed to one end of the sleeve 33 to seal the sleeve 33; the movable-end seal 35 is sleeved on the other interrupted passive prestressing tendon 31, and at the same time is connected and fixed to the other end of the sleeve 33 to seal the sleeve 33, and can slide on the other interrupted passive prestressing tendon 31. When the blast-resistant panel is stressed and deformed, both of the interrupted passive prestressing tendons 31 may move with a certain displacement. Figure 7 Taking the movement of the upper-right passive prestressing tendon 31 in the figure as an example, when it is in tension, it moves upward in the arrow direction shown in the figure, stretching the spring 32, and the spring 32 generates a reaction force on the two passive prestressing tendons 31, thereby forming passive prestress on the concrete. Similarly, when it is in compression, the upper-right passive prestressing tendon 31 moves downward in the arrow direction shown in the figure, the spring 32 is compressed, and a reaction force is generated on the two passive prestressing tendons 31, thereby forming passive prestress on the concrete.

[0092] Further, a sliding stroke limiting member 36 can be additionally provided. The sliding stroke limiting member 36 is fixed to the end of the other section of the broken passive prestressed tendon and can abut against the movable end seal 35 when the spring 32 reaches or is about to reach its maximum tensile length, at which time further movement is no longer possible.

[0093] The fixed end seal 34 can be a circular steel plate. The circular steel plate is welded to the end of the corresponding passive prestressed tendon 31 and is also welded and fixed to the end of the sleeve 33. At the same time, one end of the spring 32 is also welded to the surface of the circular steel plate.

[0094] The movable end seal 35 can be an annular steel plate. The annular steel plate is sleeved on the corresponding passive prestressed tendon 31 and is welded and fixed to the end of the sleeve 33.

[0095] The sliding stroke limiting member 36 can be a circular steel plate. The circular steel plate is welded to the end of the corresponding passive prestressed tendon 31, and one end of the spring 32 is welded to the surface of the circular steel plate.

[0096] In the present invention, the passive prestress system does not require pre-tensioning and can respond quickly under blast shock. By the energy absorption characteristics of the elastic connection member (spring 32), the instantaneous impact force is reduced to achieve multiple protections. The blast-resistant concrete slab will experience an instantaneous impact load under blast action. The displacement characteristics of the passive prestress system include the following stages:

[0097] 1) Initial impact stage: The passive prestress system is subjected to blast shock on the surface of the blast-resistant concrete slab, generating an instantaneous high pressure, and the blast-resistant concrete slab begins to deform rapidly.

[0098] 2) Spring elastic deformation stage: Under small or medium blast load conditions, elastic bending deformation occurs in the middle or some areas of the blast-resistant concrete slab. The spring 32 deforms and begins to store energy. The spring 32 exerts a tensile force on the passive prestressed tendon 31. This tensile force is the passive prestress, which generates a compressive stress in the tensile zone concrete to offset or reduce the tensile stress generated by the blast load.

[0099] 3) Plastic deformation stage: Under large blast load conditions, the blast-resistant slab enters the plastic deformation stage, and the displacement increases significantly. Without the restriction of the sleeve 33, the spring 32 approaches its limit tensile state. Therefore, the length of the sleeve 33 is 1.2 - 1.5 times the total length of the spring 32 to prevent the spring 32 from exceeding the limit tensile length and generating plastic deformation.

[0100] 4) Rebound stage: After the blast shock, the blast-resistant slab may partially rebound, and the spring 32 releases some of its stored energy to reduce the permanent deformation.

[0101] In the present invention, in order to ensure the tensile anchorage bearing capacity at the prestressed end, the present invention provides an anchor-end spiral steel bar 4, that is, a rectangular spiral bar, or also called a circular bar. Multiple anchor-end spiral steel bars 4 are sleeved at both ends of the two-way active prestressed system 2 and the two-way passive prestressed system 3 within a certain width range inside the bearing plate assembly 1; as Figure 1 shown in, four anchor-end spiral steel bars 4 are arranged side by side to form a group and are sleeved on both ends of the two-way active prestressed system 2 and the two-way passive prestressed system 3.

[0102] Finally, in the embodiment of the present invention, concrete is poured into the blast-resistant plate frame formed by the bearing plate assembly 1. The concrete is fully bonded to the above-mentioned anchor-end spiral steel bar 4 to enhance the compressive strength at the end of the prestressed tendon, prevent local crushing failure, and ensure the smooth progress of the tensioning and anchoring here.

[0103] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 , since the anchor-end bearing plate 11 and the middle bearing plate 12 are not rigidly connected or not connected at the butt joint, the blast-resistant structure further includes a two-way support assembly 5. Multiple groups of two-way support assemblies 5 are also arranged horizontally and vertically in the blast-resistant plate to maintain the stability of the anchor-end bearing plate 11 and the middle bearing plate 12.

[0104] Multiple groups of two-way support assemblies 5, like the two-way active prestressed system 2 and the two-way passive prestressed system 3, pass through the anchor-end bearing plate 11 and the middle bearing plate 12 to support each bearing plate.

[0105] In some embodiments, the two-way support assembly 5 first includes an inter-plate two-way strut 51. Multiple inter-plate two-way struts 51 pass through the anchor-end bearing plate 11 and the middle bearing plate 12 horizontally and vertically. Through holes are correspondingly opened on the anchor-end bearing plate 11 and the middle bearing plate 12 for multiple inter-plate two-way struts 51 to pass through.

[0106] Moreover, multiple inter-plate two-way struts 51 pass through the anchor-end bearing plate 11 and the middle bearing plate 12 horizontally and vertically and are mechanically fixed. In the single-point anchorage method of the traditional prestressed system, the tension of the prestressed tendon acts on the end concrete in the form of a concentrated force. The present invention uses the design of multiple bearing plates and struts. The two side bearing plates and the middle bearing plate bear pressure in sections. Each section of bearing plate-strut-bearing plate can be regarded as an anchorage subsystem. The anchorage is carried out in sections, and the subsystem bears the anchoring force, so that the prestressed tendon in the active prestressed system is stressed in sections through multiple blast-resistant concrete plates, avoiding the concrete near the fixed-end anchor and the tensioning-end anchor from bearing excessive concentrated stress, and avoiding local cracking or even crushing due to insufficient concrete strength, thus improving the overall performance of the structure.

[0107] In this embodiment, four groups of two-way struts 51 between plates are arranged in each blast-resistant plate unit, that is, two groups are arranged at the transverse edges and two groups are arranged at the longitudinal edges. And each group of two-way struts 51 between plates is arranged in a double-layer manner up and down in the plate thickness direction, thus forming a three-dimensional space two-way support assembly 5 to firmly support each anchor-end bearing plate 11 and the middle bearing plate 12, forming a stable blast-resistant plate frame.

[0108] As Figure 3 shown, the anchor-end bearing plate 11 is provided with strut holes 111. Specifically, four strut holes 111 are provided at the two ends of the anchor-end bearing plate 11 in a double-layer manner near the upper and lower edges. Four groups of two-way struts 51 between plates pass through the four strut holes 111 and are fixed. In addition, as shown in the figure, the anchor-end bearing plate 11 is also provided with a plurality of fixing holes 112 to facilitate the fixing of the anchor-end bearing plate 11 on the installation surface and connection with the protected structure.

[0109] In some embodiments, the two-way support assembly 5 further includes a two-way strut middle connector 52 for axially connecting multiple two-way struts 51 between plates. In each blast-resistant plate, a plurality of two-way strut middle connectors 52 are respectively arranged at the corners of the blast-resistant plate. As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, in each blast-resistant plate unit, eight two-way strut middle connectors 52 are used in a double-layer manner at the four corners to connect adjacent two-way struts 51 between plates. With the help of the two-way strut middle connector 52, the two-way struts 51 between plates are extended, so as to penetrate the entire blast-resistant plate. And the two-way struts 51 between plates do not need to be designed as a full-length structure, are not easily damaged and broken, and are convenient for transportation and on-site assembly.

[0110] Preferably, as Figure 4 shown, the two-way strut middle connector 52 is a four-point star structure, and the four corners are provided with internal threaded holes 521. The ends of the two-way struts 51 between plates have external threads and are connected by threads. The quick connection is realized by means of threaded connection, and the four-point star structure can be connected from four directions at the corners of the blast-resistant plate to realize the two-way connection and extension in the transverse and longitudinal directions.

[0111] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, adjacent middle bearing plates 12 are butted at the interface and a high-rigidity spring 6 is arranged. The axis of the high-rigidity spring 6 coincides with the axis of the interface to avoid causing too much influence on adjacent blast-resistant plates when the blast-resistant plate is subjected to explosion shock. The figure shows a 2×2 layout of blast-resistant plates, and there is only one interface between adjacent middle bearing plates 12. If it is a 3×3 layout of blast-resistant plates, there are four interfaces. The bearing plates at the interfaces are provided with through or non-through notches, and the high-rigidity spring 6 is placed in the notches.

[0112] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2, the blast-resistant structure further includes a middle spiral steel bar 7, and the middle spiral steel bar 7 is sleeved on the middle part of the bidirectional active prestress system 2 and the bidirectional passive prestress system 3 near the middle bearing plate 12 inside the bearing plate assembly 1. Similar to the anchor-end spiral steel bar 4, the middle spiral steel bar 7 is formed by sleeving a circular steel bar around the prestressing tendon to enhance the bearing pressure strength at the middle bearing plate 12.

[0113] The present invention also discloses a construction method for quickly assembling a prestressed blast-resistant concrete slab, including:

[0114] Fabricating a steel reinforcement cage on a precast concrete mold in a factory;

[0115] Installing an active prestress system on the fabricated steel reinforcement cage, installing an anchor-end bearing plate 11 at the end of the steel reinforcement cage, and installing several middle bearing plates 12 in the middle section of the steel reinforcement cage. The active prestress system 2 starts from the anchor 8 at the fixed end and sequentially passes through the anchor-end bearing plate 11, the anchor-end spiral steel bar 4, several middle spiral steel bars 7, several middle bearing plates 12, and the anchor 8 at the tension end. The active prestress system 2 and the steel reinforcement cage are fixed by tying. After the above installation, install an inter-plate bidirectional strut 51 and a bidirectional strut middle connector 52 between the anchor-end bearing plate 11 and the middle bearing plate 12;

[0116] Installing a passive prestress system on the fabricated steel reinforcement cage;

[0117] Pouring concrete in the mold and curing the blast-resistant slab in the factory. After curing is completed, take it out of the factory and place it in the working environment. The fabricated state is as Figure 8 shown;

[0118] Before tensioning, remove the protective sleeve of the active prestressing tendon, clean the high-solid polyurethane coating, perform prestress tensioning operation in the working environment, and grout the duct of the prestressing tendon with an epoxy resin grouting material.

[0119] Although several specific implementation details are included in the above description, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Certain features described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, the various features described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented separately or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

Claims

1. A rapid assembly prestressed anti-explosion structure for reef buildings, characterized in that, The explosion-proof structure is composed of multiple explosion-proof panels arranged horizontally and / or vertically, and mainly includes: A load-bearing plate assembly, comprising a plurality of load-bearing plates enclosed in a transverse and longitudinal manner to form an explosion-proof plate frame; A bidirectional active prestressed system is cross-plated on the bearing plate assembly in the transverse and longitudinal directions and is anchored and fixed on the bearing plate on at least one side; A bidirectional passive prestressed system is cross-plated on the bearing plate assembly in the transverse and longitudinal directions and is anchored and fixed on the bearing plate on at least one side, and the bidirectional passive prestressed system and the bidirectional active prestressed system are arranged alternately; Anchor end spiral steel bars are sleeved on both ends of the bidirectional active prestressed system and the bidirectional passive prestressed system on the inner side of the bearing plate assembly; Concrete is poured in the explosion-proof panel frame formed by the bearing panel assembly.

2. The blast-resistant structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The bearing plate assembly comprises: Anchor end bearing plates, a plurality of anchor end bearing plates are arranged around the explosion-proof plate in a horizontal and vertical manner to form edge constraints; A middle bearing plate, wherein a plurality of the middle bearing plates are arranged in a cross-direction in the middle of the explosion-proof plate to form a middle constraint; Furthermore, the bearing plates are not rigidly connected or are not connected to each other.

3. The blast-resistant structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjacent anchor end bearing plates and / or middle bearing plates are butt-jointed at the interface and high-rigidity springs are arranged, and the axis of the high-rigidity spring coincides with the axis of the interface to avoid excessive impact on adjacent explosion-proof panels when the explosion-proof panels are impacted by explosions.

4. The blast-resistant structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The explosion-proof structure also includes: Two-way support components, multiple groups of the two-way support components are cross-arranged in the explosion-proof plate in the transverse and longitudinal directions to maintain the stability of the anchor end bearing plate and the middle bearing plate; and / or The middle spiral steel bar is sleeved in the middle of the bidirectional active prestressed system and the bidirectional passive prestressed system on the inner side of the bearing plate assembly close to the middle bearing plate.

5. The blast-resistant structure according to claim 4, wherein, The bidirectional support assembly comprises: Two-way struts between the plates, a plurality of the two-way struts between the plates are arranged transversely and longitudinally through the anchor end bearing plate and the middle bearing plate and are mechanically fixed; The middle connecting piece of the two-way brace rod is arranged at the corners of each explosion-proof plate, and connects two two-way brace rods between the plates in the transverse direction and / or the longitudinal direction.

6. The blast-resistant structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The middle connecting piece of the bidirectional support rod is a four-pointed star-shaped structure, and the four corners are provided with internal thread holes. The ends of the bidirectional support rods between the plates have external threads and are connected by threads.

7. The blast-resistant structure according to claim 2, wherein The bidirectional active prestressing system comprises: Prestressed tendons; The prestressed pipe is cross-laid on the anchor end bearing plate and the middle bearing plate in the transverse and longitudinal directions. The prestressed tendons are laid in the prestressed pipe and pre-tensioned and anchored on the anchor end bearing plate on at least one side.

8. The blast-resistant structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bidirectional passive prestressed system comprises: Prestressed tendons, wherein the prestressed tendons are broken into two sections from the middle; An elastic connector, wherein two ends of the elastic connector are respectively connected to two interrupted sections of prestressed tendons; The sleeve is covered on the periphery of the elastic connecting member, and the length of the sleeve is longer than the maximum stretching length of the elastic connecting member.

9. The blast-resistant structure according to claim 8, wherein, The bidirectional passive prestressed system also includes: A fixed end seal is fixed to the end of one of the broken prestressed tendons and is connected, fixed and sealed to one end of the sleeve; The movable end seal is sleeved on the other broken prestressed tendon, and is fixedly connected and sealed with the other end of the sleeve, and can slide on the other broken prestressed tendon; The sliding stroke limiting member is fixed to the end of the other broken prestressed tendon, and can abut against the movable end seal when the elastic connecting member reaches or is about to reach the maximum tensile length.

10. A construction method of an explosion-proof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes: Fabricate a steel reinforcement cage on a precast concrete mold in the factory; Install an active prestressing system on the fabricated steel reinforcement cage, install an anchor end bearing plate at the end of the steel reinforcement cage, install several middle bearing plates in the middle section of the steel reinforcement cage, as well as anchor end spiral steel bars, several middle spiral steel bars, and several middle bearing plates. The active prestressing system and the steel reinforcement cage are fixed by tying; after the above installation, install an inter-plate double strut and a double strut middle connecting member between the anchor end bearing plate and the middle bearing plate; Install a passive prestressing system on the fabricated steel reinforcement cage; Pour concrete in the mold and cure the blast-resistant board in the factory. After curing, take it out of the factory and place it in the working environment; Before tensioning, remove the protective sleeve of the active prestressed tendon, clean the polyurethane coating, perform prestressing tensioning operations in the working environment, and grout the ducts of the prestressed tendons with epoxy resin grouting materials.

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