Operation control method, system, equipment and program product of coring drilling machine

Abstract

The invention provides an operation control method, system and equipment of a coring drilling machine and a program product. The method comprises the steps that geological information of a construction area is obtained, and geological features are analyzed; constructing rock stratum partitions and predicting the rock stratum depth; configuring partition features and predicting a drilling scheme; constructing a prediction data transmission scheme; controlling the preset coring drilling machine to drill the construction area and obtain actual drilling data, and analyzing rock stratum data from the actual drilling data; and selecting a reference rock stratum partition, and performing operation and data transmission based on the prediction drilling scheme and the prediction data transmission scheme of the reference rock stratum partition. According to the method, accurate prediction of geological information is matched with dynamic adjustment of data transmission, the rock stratum condition is mastered dynamically and accurately, the stability and timeliness of data transmission in the operation process are improved while accurate and efficient operation of the coring drilling machine is guaranteed, most of data analysis and decision-making processes are completed intelligently, and the working efficiency of the coring drilling machine is improved. And the automation level of operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of core drilling rigs, and more particularly, to an operation control method, system, device, and program product for a core drilling rig. Background Art

[0002] In many fields such as geological exploration and mineral mining, the application of core drilling rigs is extremely crucial. It can obtain core samples of underground rock formations, providing important basis for subsequent geological analysis and resource assessment. However, there are many problems with traditional operation control methods for core drilling rigs, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of modern engineering for efficient and precise construction.

[0003] In the traditional operation mode of core drilling rigs, the understanding of the geological conditions in the construction area is relatively vague. In the early stage of construction, the means of obtaining geological information are limited, often relying only on a small amount of drilling data, surface geological surveys, etc., and it is difficult to comprehensively and accurately grasp the geological characteristics of the construction area to be drilled. This leads to large errors and uncertainties in analyzing the rock formation structure characteristics and rock formation physical properties. In actual operation, the drilling rig may drill according to the wrong predicted rock formation depth and rock formation zoning. When encountering unexpected complex rock formations, problems such as drill bit damage, low drilling efficiency, and low core recovery rate are likely to occur, which not only increases the construction cost but may also delay the construction period. Moreover, the existing data transmission schemes for core drilling rigs lack flexibility and pertinence. When determining the data transmission method, a unified standard is usually adopted without comprehensively considering actual factors such as rock formation depth, predicted drilling plan, and rock formation structure characteristics. For rock formations with different depths and different structure characteristics, the complexity of data transmission varies greatly. However, the traditional scheme cannot be reasonably adjusted according to these differences, which may result in inappropriate transmission methods being used in rock formation areas with high data transmission complexity, such as using wireless transmission in rock formations with severe signal interference, causing problems such as data loss and transmission delay, affecting the real-time monitoring and control of the drilling process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides an operation control method, system, device, and program product for a core drilling rig. The specific solutions are as follows: In the first part, this application proposes an operation control method for a core drilling rig, including: Obtain the geological information of the area to be constructed, and analyze the geological characteristics including the rock formation structure characteristics and the rock formation physical properties from the geological information; Analyze the types of rock formations existing in the construction area around the geological characteristics to construct multiple rock formation zones, and predict the rock formation depth of each rock formation zone to obtain the predicted rock formation depth; Configure corresponding zonal features and prediction drilling plans for each rock stratum zone according to the structural characteristics and physical properties of the rock strata; construct a prediction data transmission plan for each rock stratum zone by integrating the rock stratum depth, prediction drilling plan, and rock stratum structural characteristics; Control a preset core drilling rig to drill the construction area in a preset normal mode, obtain actual drilling data, and parse out cuttings data, rock stratum permeability data, bit data, and actual rock stratum depth from it, and analyze the rock stratum hardness and rock stratum fragmentation degree of the current area based on the bit data; Match the zonal features of each rock stratum zone according to the actual rock stratum depth, rock stratum hardness, rock stratum fragmentation degree, cuttings data, and rock stratum permeability data of the current area, select a rock stratum zone as the reference rock stratum zone, and perform operations and data transmission respectively based on the prediction drilling plan and prediction data transmission plan of the reference rock stratum zone.

[0005] In some specific embodiments, the acquisition of the reference rock stratum zone includes: matching the predicted rock stratum depth of each rock stratum zone with the actual rock stratum depth, and taking the rock stratum zone whose predicted rock stratum depth includes the actual rock stratum depth as the first rock stratum zone; Perform a similarity analysis on each first rock stratum zone and the current area to obtain a first similarity result; if the first similarity result shows that there is a first rock stratum zone whose similarity to the current area is higher than a preset threshold, then select the first rock stratum zone with the highest similarity as the reference rock stratum zone.

[0006] In some specific embodiments, the acquisition of the reference rock stratum zone further includes: if the similarity analysis result shows that there is no first rock stratum zone whose similarity to the current area is higher than a preset threshold, then: Take those other than the first rock stratum zone as the second rock stratum zone, perform a similarity analysis on each second rock stratum zone and the current area to obtain a second similarity result; if the second similarity result shows that there is a second rock stratum zone whose similarity to the current area is higher than a preset threshold, then: Select the second rock stratum zone with the highest similarity as the quasi-reference rock stratum zone, calculate the difference between the predicted rock stratum depth and the actual rock stratum depth of the quasi-reference rock stratum zone, and adjust the prediction data transmission plan of the quasi-reference rock stratum zone according to the difference, and take the adjusted quasi-reference rock stratum zone as the reference rock stratum zone.

[0007] In some specific embodiments, the process of obtaining the predicted rock stratum depth includes: after obtaining the geological characteristics, search for a sample area with the same geological characteristics in a preset geological database; Obtain the rock stratum distribution of the sample area, and parse out all rock stratum types from it, and select one or more with the highest frequency according to the occurrence frequency of the rock stratum types to obtain the rock stratum zone; Statistically analyze the depths of all rock layers in each rock layer sub - area of the sample area, and select one or more with the highest frequency according to the frequency of occurrence of the rock layer depths to obtain the predicted rock layer depths of the rock layer sub - areas.

[0008] In some specific embodiments, the rock layer structure characteristics include the layered thickness of the rock layer, the number of layers, the contact relationship between layers, the degree of fracture development, and the rock layer strike; The physical properties of the rock layer include the hardness, strength, density, porosity, and permeability of the rock layer.

[0009] In some specific embodiments, the acquisition of the predicted drilling plan specifically includes: Judge the degree of rock fragmentation according to the degree of fracture development. When the degree of fragmentation is higher than the preset fragmentation degree, select a first drill bit that can break rocks from multiple angles; when the degree of fragmentation is lower than the preset fragmentation degree, classify the predicted rock layer sub - areas according to the hardness and strength of the rock layer to obtain the predicted hard rock layer and the predicted soft rock layer, and select a second drill bit and a third drill bit respectively. The hardness and wear resistance of the second drill bit are both greater than those of the third drill bit; Adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the third drill bit according to the layered thickness and number of layers of the rock layer, adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the second drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock layer, and adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the first drill bit according to the degree of fracture development; adjust the drilling process of the drill bit according to the contact relationship between layers; adjust the plugging property and wall - building property of the drilling fluid according to the porosity and permeability of the rock layer, and select the pumping volume of the drilling fluid; adjust the drilling direction according to the rock layer strike.

[0010] In some specific embodiments, the acquisition of the predicted data transmission plan specifically includes: judge the complexity of data transmission according to the degree of fracture development, the contact relationship between layers, the predicted rock layer depth, and the number of rock layers, and select wireless transmission, wired transmission, or a combination of both according to the complexity; predict the drilling speed of the drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock layer, the rotation speed and drilling pressure of the drill bit, and set the data transmission frequency according to the drilling speed.

[0011] The second part, this application proposes an operation control system for a core drilling rig, including: An information acquisition unit, configured to acquire the geological information of the area to be constructed, and parse out geological features including rock layer structure characteristics and rock layer physical properties from the geological information; A rock layer prediction unit, configured to analyze the existing rock layer types in the construction area around the geological features to construct multiple rock layer sub - areas, and predict the rock layer depths of each rock layer sub - area to obtain the predicted rock layer depths; A plan prediction unit, configured to respectively configure corresponding sub - area features and predicted drilling plans for each rock layer sub - area according to the rock layer structure characteristics and rock layer physical properties; Construct a prediction data transmission plan for each rock stratum area by integrating the rock stratum depth, predicted coring plan, and rock stratum structure characteristics; A data analysis unit, configured to control a preset core drilling rig to drill the construction area in a preset normal mode, obtain actual drilling data, and parse out cuttings data, rock stratum permeability data, bit data, and actual rock stratum depth from the actual drilling data, and analyze the rock stratum hardness and rock stratum fragmentation degree of the current area based on the bit data; A plan application unit, configured to match the area characteristics of each rock stratum area according to the actual rock stratum depth, rock stratum hardness, rock stratum fragmentation degree, cuttings data, and rock stratum permeability data of the current area, select a rock stratum area as a reference rock stratum area, and perform operations and data transmission respectively based on the predicted coring plan and predicted data transmission plan of the reference rock stratum area.

[0012] Part three, this application proposes a computer device, and the computer device includes: One or more processors; A memory, configured to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement an operation control method of a core drilling rig as described in any one of the first part.

[0013] Part four, this application proposes a computer program product, including executable instructions, which are used to implement an operation control method of a core drilling rig as described in any one of the first part when executed by a processor.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The present application proposes an operation control method, system, device and program product for a core drilling rig. By combining precise prediction of geological information with dynamic adjustment of data transmission, and integrating actual drilling data, it dynamically and precisely grasps the rock formation conditions, constructs a transmission scheme by comprehensively considering multiple factors of the rock formation, ensures the precise and efficient operation of the core drilling rig while improving the stability and timeliness of data transmission during the operation, intelligently completes most of the data analysis and decision-making processes, reduces manual intervention, improves the automation level of the operation, and provides technical support for realizing unmanned or semi-unmanned core drilling rig operations. By constructing rock formation partitions, predicting the rock formation depth, and configuring corresponding partition characteristics and prediction drilling schemes, the core drilling rig can make operation preparations in advance for different rock formations, avoid blind drilling, reduce bit wear and equipment loss, and improve the drilling efficiency. Based on the actual drilling data, the rock formation characteristics of the current area are analyzed in real time, matched with the preset rock formation partitions, and a reference rock formation partition is selected to guide subsequent operations and data transmission, enabling the drilling rig to adjust the operation mode in a timely manner according to the actual situation, further improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. Based on the actual drilling data, the rock formation characteristics of the current area are analyzed in real time, matched with the preset rock formation partitions, and a reference rock formation partition is selected to guide subsequent operations and data transmission, enabling the drilling rig to adjust the operation mode in a timely manner according to the actual situation, further improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation.

[0015] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following specific preferred embodiments are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and are described in detail as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the operation control method of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic principle diagram of the operation control method of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic principle diagram of obtaining the reference rock formation partition of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic module diagram of the operation control system of the present application.

[0018] Reference numerals: 1 - Information acquisition unit; 2 - Rock formation prediction unit; 3 - Scheme prediction unit; 4 - Data analysis unit; 5 - Scheme application unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] The present application proposes an operation control method for a core drilling rig. The process schematic diagram is as shown in the appendix Figure 1 as follows, and the principle is as shown in the appendix Figure 2 as follows. The specific solution is as follows: An operation control method for a core drilling rig includes: 101. Obtain the geological information of the area to be constructed, and parse out the geological features including the rock stratum structure characteristics and the physical properties of the rock stratum from the geological information; 102. Analyze the types of rock strata existing in the construction area around the geological features to construct multiple rock stratum partitions, and predict the rock stratum depths of each rock stratum partition to obtain the predicted rock stratum depths; 103. Configure corresponding partition features and predicted drilling plans for each rock stratum partition according to the rock stratum structure characteristics and the physical properties of the rock stratum; construct a predicted data transmission plan for each rock stratum partition by integrating the rock stratum depth, the predicted drilling plan, and the rock stratum structure characteristics; 104. Control a preset core drilling rig to drill the construction area in a preset normal mode, obtain the actual drilling data, and parse out the cuttings data, the rock stratum penetration data, the bit data, and the actual rock stratum depth from it, and analyze the rock stratum hardness and the rock stratum fragmentation degree of the current area based on the bit data; 105. Match the partition features of each rock stratum partition according to the actual rock stratum depth, the rock stratum hardness, the rock stratum fragmentation degree, the cuttings data, and the rock stratum penetration data of the current area, select a rock stratum partition as a reference rock stratum partition, and perform operations and data transmission respectively based on the predicted drilling plan and the predicted data transmission plan of the reference rock stratum partition. Among them, the actual rock stratum depth, the rock stratum hardness, the rock stratum fragmentation degree, the cuttings data, and the rock stratum penetration data constitute the rock stratum data.

[0021] In step 101, it involves obtaining the geological information of the area to be constructed. The ways to obtain geological information include, but are not limited to: Geological exploration reports: Reports formed by past geological exploration work in this area or adjacent areas, which cover various aspects of information such as stratigraphic distribution, rock types, and geological structures. Geophysical exploration: By means of gravity exploration, magnetic exploration, electrical exploration, seismic exploration, etc., to detect the underground geological structure and rock properties. Drilling sampling: Directly drill in the construction area, extract core samples, and analyze the samples to obtain geological information. Remote sensing technology: Using remote sensing data such as satellite and aerial images to interpret information such as topography and geological structures.

[0022] After successfully obtaining the geological information, it is necessary to conduct in-depth analysis to extract key geological features. In practical applications, geological modeling software, data analysis software, etc. are used to process and analyze the collected geological information. Using geological modeling software can construct a three-dimensional model of the underground geological structure, visually showing the distribution and characteristics of rock layers. Invite geological experts to interpret and analyze the data, and combine the experts' experience and knowledge to accurately analyze the structural characteristics and physical properties of the rock layers.

[0023] Geological features mainly include the following two aspects: Rock layer structure features: These features can reflect the spatial distribution and morphology of rock layers, which are crucial for understanding the underground geological structure and the formation process of rocks. Rock layer physical properties: These properties determine the mechanical properties and engineering characteristics of rocks, which are crucial for selecting appropriate drilling equipment and techniques. In some specific embodiments, the rock layer structure features include the layered thickness, number of layers, contact relationship between layers, degree of fracture development, and rock layer strike; the rock layer physical properties include the hardness, strength, density, porosity, and permeability of the rock layer.

[0024] Layered thickness: The thickness difference of different rock layers will affect the difficulty and efficiency of drilling.

[0025] Number of layers: The number of rock layers reflects the complexity of geological history.

[0026] Contact relationship between layers: For example, conformable contact, unconformable contact, etc., reflects the history of geological tectonic movements.

[0027] Degree of fracture development: The existence of fractures will affect the stability of rocks and the loss of drilling fluid during the drilling process.

[0028] Rock layer strike: That is, the extension direction of the rock layer on the horizontal plane, which has important guiding significance for determining the drilling direction.

[0029] Hardness: Reflects the ability of a rock to resist local deformation, especially plastic deformation, indentation, or scratching.

[0030] Strength: Refers to the ability of a rock to resist damage under the action of external forces.

[0031] Density: It is related to the mineral composition and porosity of the rock.

[0032] Porosity: The ratio of the pore volume to the total volume in the rock, which affects the permeability and water storage capacity of the rock.

[0033] Permeability: Measures the ability of a rock to allow fluids to pass through, which has an important impact on the drilling fluid circulation and core sampling during the drilling process.

[0034] Step 102 is to further subdivide and predict the depth of the rock formations in the construction area on the basis of obtaining and analyzing the geological features in Step 101, providing a basis for formulating a targeted operation plan in the follow-up. Based on the rock formation structure characteristics and physical properties of the rock formations obtained in Step 101, judge the possible types of rocks that may appear in the construction area. Different combinations of geological features often correspond to specific rock formation types. For example, rock formations with high hardness, high density and undeveloped fissures may be granite; while rock formations with large porosity and high permeability may be sandstone or limestone. According to the analyzed rock formation types, divide the construction area into different areas, and the rock formations in each area have similar characteristics. For example, divide the areas with similar hardness and lithology into one rock formation subarea. This kind of zoning helps to adopt different operation strategies for areas with different geological conditions. Through comprehensive analysis of geological information, estimate the vertical distance from the surface to the top of each rock formation subarea. This can be inferred with the help of borehole data, geophysical exploration results and geological models in the geological exploration report.

[0035] Dividing the construction area into different rock formation subareas makes the operation control more precise. Different rock formation subareas may require different drilling parameters, bit types and drilling fluid formulations. Through zoning, an operation plan can be customized for each area, improving the drilling efficiency and core sampling rate. Accurately predicting the rock formation depth allows the operator to make preparations in advance for different geological conditions. For example, if it is predicted that a certain rock formation subarea is deep and the rock hardness is high, more wear-resistant bits and suitable drilling techniques can be prepared in advance to avoid problems such as bit damage and sticking during the drilling process. Based on the rock formation zoning and predicted rock formation depth, reasonably arrange equipment, materials and manpower. Materials such as bits and drilling fluid can be allocated according to the needs of different subareas, avoiding waste and shortage of resources.

[0036] In practical applications, the geological features obtained in step 101 are compared with the typical features of various known rock stratum types. For example, parameters such as the hardness and density of the rock are compared with the standard parameter ranges of common rock types to determine the possible rock stratum types. Considering the geological evolution history of the region, understanding the sedimentary environment and tectonic movements in different geological periods in this area, so as to infer the possible existing rock stratum types. For example, in an area that was once a marine environment, sedimentary rocks such as limestone and sandstone may exist. Statistical methods are used to cluster the geological feature data at different locations, and the areas with similar geological features are classified into the same category to form rock stratum partitions. Specifically, the K-means clustering algorithm is used to divide the construction area into several partitions according to the features such as the hardness and porosity of the rock strata. Combining the borehole data and the results of geophysical exploration, a geological profile is drawn to visually display the distribution of different rock strata. According to the continuity and similarity of features of the rock strata on the profile, different rock stratum partitions are divided.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, the process of obtaining the depth of the measured rock stratum includes: after obtaining the geological features, searching for sample areas with the same geological features in the preset geological database; obtaining the rock stratum distribution in the sample area, and parsing out all the rock stratum types from it, and selecting one or more with the highest frequency according to the occurrence frequency of the rock stratum types to obtain the rock stratum partition; counting the depths of all the rock strata in each rock stratum partition in the sample area, and selecting one or more with the highest frequency according to the occurrence frequency of the rock stratum depth to obtain the predicted rock stratum depth of the rock stratum partition. By selecting the rock stratum type with the highest frequency in the sample area to delimit the partition, the main rock stratum distribution characteristics in the construction area can be highlighted, so that the subsequent drilling operations can formulate more targeted plans for the main rock stratum types in different partitions, improving the drilling efficiency and core recovery rate. For example, for a partition mainly composed of sandstone, a drill bit and drilling parameters suitable for sandstone drilling can be selected. Using the empirical data of the sample area to determine the rock stratum partition can reduce the uncertainty of the geological conditions of the current construction area to a certain extent.

[0038] After obtaining the geological characteristics of the construction area to be cored, these characteristics are used as retrieval conditions to search in a pre-established geological database. This database stores a large amount of geological information and corresponding construction data from different regions. Through data matching, sample areas with the same or highly similar geological characteristics to the current construction area are identified. For example, when conducting core drilling in a mountainous area, based on its geological characteristics of mainly granite and medium fissure development, other mountainous areas with similar granite distribution and fissure conditions are found in the database as sample areas. After obtaining the rock layer distribution in the sample area, all the rock layer types included are analyzed. The frequency of occurrence of each rock layer type in the sample area is counted, and one or more rock layer types with the highest frequency of occurrence are selected, and the areas with these rock layer types are designated as a rock layer subarea. For example, in the sample area, the frequency of occurrence of sandstone is 40%, shale is 35%, and limestone is 25%. Then, the sandstone distribution area and the shale distribution area can be used as independent rock layer subareas respectively. This frequency-based division method can highlight the main rock layer distribution in the sample area, making the divided rock layer subareas more representative and facilitating the formulation of targeted operation plans in the subsequent stage.

[0039] For each determined rock layer subarea, the rock layer depth data of all records in the sample area of this rock layer subarea is counted. Then, the frequency of occurrence of the rock layer depth in these data is analyzed, and one or more depth values with the highest frequency of occurrence are selected as the predicted rock layer depth of this rock layer subarea in the current construction area. For example, for the sandstone rock layer subarea, the record of the top depth of sandstone in the sample area being 50 meters appears the most times, reaching 30 times, while the occurrence times of other depth values are less. Then, 50 meters can be used as the predicted rock layer depth of this sandstone rock layer subarea in the current construction area. In this way, using the empirical data of similar sample areas to predict the depth of the rock layer subarea in the current construction area provides a reference for the core drill to plan the drilling depth and sequence in advance, reducing the risks of low efficiency and equipment loss caused by blind drilling.

[0040] After clarifying the rock layer subareas, drilling resources can be reasonably allocated according to the characteristics of different subareas. For example, for rock layer subareas with higher hardness, more wear-resistant drill bits and more powerful drilling rigs can be prepared in advance; for rock layer subareas with larger porosity, appropriate drilling fluids can be prepared to prevent wellbore collapse, avoiding waste and shortage of resources and improving resource utilization efficiency. Understanding the situation of each rock layer subarea in advance, including information such as the predicted rock layer depth, helps construction personnel take safety prevention measures. For example, if it is known that the rock layer in a certain subarea is prone to collapse, corresponding support measures can be taken in advance to ensure the safety of construction personnel and equipment.

[0041] Step 103 mainly configures corresponding zonal characteristics and prediction drilling plans for each rock stratum zone according to geological characteristics, and constructs a prediction data transmission plan. According to the above-mentioned rock stratum structure characteristics and physical properties, a unique set of zonal characteristics is determined for each rock stratum zone. These characteristics can be qualitative descriptions, such as "more developed fractures, harder rock", or quantitative data, such as "hardness is 7 on the Mohs scale, porosity is 10%", etc. By clarifying the zonal characteristics, the characteristics of each rock stratum zone can be described more accurately, providing a detailed basis for subsequent operations. Based on the zonal characteristics, a drilling plan suitable for each rock stratum zone is formulated. This includes selecting appropriate bit types, drilling parameters (such as rotation speed, drilling pressure, pump volume, etc.), and drilling sequence, etc. For example, for the granite rock stratum zone with higher hardness, diamond bits can be selected, and lower rotation speed and larger drilling pressure can be set; for the soft sandstone rock stratum zone, the first bit is used, and the rotation speed is appropriately increased and the drilling pressure is controlled to prevent excessive rock fragmentation. At the same time, according to the distribution of the rock stratum and construction requirements, a reasonable drilling sequence is determined to improve drilling efficiency and ensure construction quality.

[0042] Core drilling rigs are usually configured with a variety of data transmission methods, such as wired transmission (optical fiber, cable, etc.), wireless transmission (EM-MWD electromagnetic wave wireless transmission), and storage medium transmission (SD card, hard disk, etc.). Different transmission methods have different characteristics. For example, wired transmission has high stability and fast data transmission rate, but poor flexibility; wireless transmission has strong flexibility, but may have signal interference and transmission distance limitations; storage medium transmission is suitable for offline transmission of large amounts of data, but requires manual replacement of storage media at regular intervals. The prediction data transmission plan is constructed for each rock stratum zone by integrating the rock stratum depth, prediction drilling plan, and rock stratum structure characteristics. For relatively shallow rock stratum zones, wireless transmission methods can be given priority to facilitate timely transmission of data to the ground control center for real-time analysis; for relatively deep rock stratum zones, due to possible severe attenuation of wireless signals, wired transmission or storage medium transmission methods can be combined to ensure reliable data transmission. If frequent adjustment of drilling parameters is required in the drilling plan, then the real-time requirement is relatively high, and a method with a fast transmission rate, such as optical fiber transmission, should be selected. In addition, the rock stratum structure characteristics will also affect the selection of the data transmission plan. For example, in a rock stratum with developed fractures, wired transmission may be easily damaged, and at this time, the proportion of wireless transmission or storage medium transmission can be appropriately increased to improve the stability of data transmission.

[0043] In this application, the core drilling rig is configured with an EM-MWD electromagnetic wave wireless measurement-while-drilling system, which combines the functions of traditional mud pulse transmission and EM electromagnetic wave signal transmission, has a high data transmission rate, and can realize functions such as logging-while-drilling, geological logging-while-drilling, and automatic steering.

[0044] When the formation resistivity ≤ 1000 ohm-meters, the EM (electromagnetic wave) mode is selected, with stable data and high transmission rate. When the formation resistivity > 1000 ohm-meters, the M (mud pulse) mode is adopted to make up for the deficiency of EM (electromagnetic wave) transmission affected by the formation. In some embodiments, if the predicted formation depth of a certain rock formation zone is less than the preset first depth threshold, and there are various lithology interactions, the formation fragmentation degree is higher than the preset fragmentation degree, or the predicted formation depth is higher than the preset second depth threshold, then the EM-MWD electromagnetic wave wireless transmission method is adopted. Among them, the first depth threshold is 500 meters, and the second depth threshold is 1000 meters. The predicted formation depth is relatively shallow, but the geological structure is complex, with various lithology interactions, fracture development, etc. At this time, the mud pulse transmission may be disturbed by the complex flow state of the drilling fluid (such as leakage, channeling, etc.), while the EM-MWD electromagnetic wave wireless transmission method is basically not affected by the drilling medium and can transmit data more stably. When the predicted formation depth of the rock formation zone is relatively deep, the signal attenuation of the mud pulse transmission is obvious over a long distance, and the transmission efficiency and accuracy are reduced. The data transmission rate of the EM-MWD electromagnetic wave measurement-while-drilling system is high, and it has more advantages in long-distance transmission, which can ensure the efficient and accurate transmission of the measurement data in the deep rock formation zone. In some embodiments, if the rock formation structure of a certain rock formation zone has high permeability or the rock formation structure is broken and loose, then the EM-MWD electromagnetic wave wireless transmission method is selected. Such as high-porosity sandstone, limestone with high fracture development, etc. When the mud pulse is transmitted, the drilling fluid is likely to leak through the pores or fractures, affecting the normal transmission of the pulse signal. The EM-MWD electromagnetic wave measurement-while-drilling system is not affected by the leakage of the drilling fluid and can stably transmit data. For the partition with a broken and loose rock formation structure, such as the area near the fault zone, the rock formation area with severe weathering, the signal is easily disturbed by the irregular flow of the drilling fluid (caused by the broken rock formation) during the mud pulse transmission. The EM-MWD electromagnetic wave measurement-while-drilling system can stably transmit data under such a complex rock formation structure by virtue of its characteristic of being not affected by the drilling medium.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the acquisition of the prediction drilling plan specifically includes: judging the fragmentation degree of the rock formation according to the fracture development degree, and selecting a first drill bit capable of multi-angle rock fragmentation when the fragmentation degree is higher than the preset fragmentation degree; when the fragmentation degree is lower than the preset fragmentation degree, classifying and zoning the predicted rock formation according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation to obtain a predicted hard rock formation and a predicted soft rock formation, and respectively selecting a second drill bit and a third drill bit, wherein the hardness and wear resistance of the second drill bit are both greater than those of the third drill bit; adjusting the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the third drill bit according to the stratification thickness and number of layers of the rock formation, adjusting the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the second drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation, and adjusting the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the first drill bit according to the fracture development degree; adjusting the drilling process of the drill bit according to the contact relationship between layers; adjusting the plugging property and wall-building property of the drilling fluid according to the porosity and permeability of the rock formation, and selecting the pumping volume of the drilling fluid; adjusting the drilling direction according to the rock formation strike.

[0046] Specifically, the first drill bit, the second drill bit, and the third drill bit are all PDC drill bits. The PDC drill bit drills by cutting. Through the rotation of the drill string, it cuts the formation, cuts the rock into small pieces and brings them out of the wellhead with the drilling fluid. The formed wellbore is regular and the bottom of the well is flat, with excellent cutting performance.

[0047] Among them, the first drill bit is used for rock formations with a fragmentation degree higher than the preset fragmentation degree. It adopts a tooth arrangement method combining helical teeth and straight teeth, with multiple gauge teeth arranged on the outside, and uses a wide blade with an arc shape. Helical teeth are arranged in the edge area of the drill bit, and its inclination angle can be optimized according to the fracture development direction and rock fragmentation characteristics, generally between 30° and 60°, so that the cutting teeth can cut into the rock from different directions and effectively utilize the fractures for fragmentation. Straight teeth are arranged in the central area of the drill bit for cutting the rock vertically downward to enhance the central fragmentation ability of the drill bit. Since the integrity of the rock in the fractured formation is poor, it is necessary to increase the density of the cutting teeth to improve the fragmentation efficiency and stability of the drill bit for the rock. The number of rows of cutting teeth can be increased on the blade, and the spacing between adjacent two rows of cutting teeth can be appropriately reduced to 8 - 12 mm to ensure that the drill bit can fully fragment the rock during drilling and avoid the drill bit from shaking or getting stuck due to uneven rock fragmentation. Increase the width of the blade. Generally, the width of the blade can be designed to be 1.2 - 1.5 times that of an ordinary PDC drill bit. The wide blade can increase the contact area between the drill bit and the rock, provide better support and stability in the rock formation with a high fragmentation degree, reduce the swing of the drill bit during drilling, and is conducive to maintaining the regularity of the wellbore. Design the leading edge of the blade into a circular arc or a parabolic shape. This shape can make the drill bit easier to cut into the rock during drilling, reduce the impact and extrusion on the rock, and reduce the risk of wear and damage of the drill bit. At the same time, the trailing edge of the blade can be appropriately thickened to improve the strength and wear resistance of the blade to cope with the large torque and impact force that may occur in the fractured formation. A plurality of gauge teeth are arranged on the outside of the drill bit. The height of the gauge teeth is generally 1 / 2 - 2 / 3 of the height of the cutting teeth. The gauge teeth can be made of the same PDC material as the cutting teeth or can use a cemented carbide material with better wear resistance. By increasing the gauge structure, the outer diameter of the drill bit can be effectively protected, the wear of the drill bit during drilling in the fractured formation can be reduced, and the service life of the drill bit and the wellbore quality can be improved.

[0048] The degree of fracture development is an important indicator for judging the fragmentation degree of rock formations. For rock formations with a high fragmentation degree, the rock structure is relatively loose. Using the first drill bit, through its unique tooth structure, it can better fragment the rock during drilling. At the same time, the rolling of the roller cone can adapt to the uneven surface of the fractured rock formation, reducing the wear and damage of the drill bit. For rock formations with a low fragmentation degree, it is necessary to further classify and select the drill bit according to its hardness and strength.

[0049] The second drill bit is mainly used for predicting hard rock formations. It adopts a tooth arrangement method with thick teeth evenly arranged, adds multiple rows of cutting teeth on the blade, and sets a flow channel structure on the drill bit body. The second drill bit selects PDC teeth with a high diamond content, fine and uniform diamond particles, and its hardness is generally between HV3000 - HV5000. This kind of high-hardness PDC teeth can maintain good cutting performance during drilling in hard rock formations, reduce the wear and chipping of the cutting teeth, and improve the rock fragmentation efficiency and service life of the drill bit.

[0050] The second drill bit with high hardness and wear resistance is suitable for hard rock formations. It adopts a uniform tooth arrangement method, making the cutting teeth evenly distributed on the surface of the drill bit to ensure balanced rock-breaking ability at all parts of the drill bit during the drilling process. The spacing between adjacent cutting teeth can be adjusted according to the hardness and abrasiveness of the hard rock formation, generally between 10 - 15 mm. For hard rock formations with higher hardness and stronger abrasiveness, the cutting tooth spacing should be appropriately reduced to improve the rock-breaking efficiency of the drill bit. The number of rows of cutting teeth is increased on the blade, usually set to 4 - 6 rows. Increasing the number of tooth rows can increase the number of cutting edges of the drill bit, improve the rock-breaking ability of the drill bit, and also make the drill bit more stable when drilling in hard rock formations, reducing the vibration and jumping of the drill bit. A reasonable flow channel structure is designed on the drill bit body to ensure that the drilling fluid can flow smoothly through the drill bit, fully cooling and lubricating the cutting teeth. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel can be optimized according to the displacement and flow rate of the drilling fluid. Generally, the cross-sectional area of the flow channel should be no less than 20% - 30% of the cross-sectional area of the drill bit body to ensure that the drilling fluid can effectively carry the cuttings and prevent the cuttings from accumulating at the bottom of the well, affecting the drilling efficiency.

[0051] The third drill bit is used for predicting soft rock formations. It adopts a tooth arrangement method with thin teeth sparsely arranged and the cutting teeth inclined, and a hydraulic structure is set to improve the rock-carrying ability of the drill bit for the drilling fluid. The third drill bit selects PDC teeth with a relatively low diamond content and a hardness between HV1500 - HV3000. The thickness of the PDC teeth is reduced, generally designed to be 4 - 8 mm. The thin teeth can cut the rock more flexibly in the soft rock formation, improving the cutting efficiency of the drill bit. Since the soft rock formation has less wear on the cutting teeth, the thin tooth design will not affect the service life of the drill bit. A sparse tooth arrangement method is adopted, appropriately increasing the spacing between the cutting teeth, generally the spacing can be set to 15 - 20 mm. The sparse tooth arrangement can reduce the torque and resistance of the drill bit when drilling in the soft rock formation, improving the drilling speed. At the same time, the larger tooth spacing is conducive to the discharge of cuttings, preventing the cuttings from accumulating around the drill bit and affecting the drilling efficiency. According to the characteristics of the soft rock formation, the tooth arrangement angle of the cutting teeth is optimized. Generally speaking, the inclination angle of the cutting teeth can be between 15° - 30°, so that the cutting teeth can cut the rock with a smaller cutting force when drilling in the soft rock formation, improving the cutting efficiency and drilling speed of the drill bit. An efficient hydraulic structure is designed to improve the rock-carrying ability of the drilling fluid. Multiple large-diameter nozzles can be set on the drill bit body, and the diameter of the nozzles is generally 10 - 15 mm, to increase the displacement and flow rate of the drilling fluid, ensure that the drilling fluid can quickly carry the cuttings out of the bottom of the well, keep the bottom of the well clean, and improve the drilling efficiency. At the same time, some diversion grooves can be set on the surface of the drill bit body to guide the drilling fluid to flow evenly through the drill bit, improving the cooling and lubrication effect of the drilling fluid.

[0052] The stratification thickness and number of layers of rock formations will affect the drilling process of the drill bit. For rock formations with thin stratification and a large number of layers, the drill bit needs to frequently cross different rock formation interfaces in a short period of time. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the drilling pressure and rotational speed of the third drill bit to smoothly pass through these interfaces and avoid excessive wear or damage to the drill bit. For hard rock formations, due to the high hardness of the rock, a larger drilling pressure is required to cut the drill bit into the rock. At the same time, appropriately reducing the rotational speed can reduce the wear of the drill bit; while for soft rock formations, the opposite is true. A smaller drilling pressure can make the drill bit penetrate, and a higher rotational speed can improve the drilling efficiency. Therefore, adjust the drilling pressure and rotational speed of the second drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation. The degree of fracture development will affect the stability of the rock and the resistance during drilling. The more fractures there are, the easier it is for the rock to undergo local fragmentation and collapse during drilling. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the drilling pressure and rotational speed of the first drill bit according to the degree of fracture development to ensure the safety and efficiency of drilling. The contact relationship between layers is also crucial. If the contact is smooth, the drilling process is relatively simple; if the contact is uneven or has an angle, it is necessary to adjust the drilling angle and method of the drill bit to ensure that the drill bit can smoothly pass through the contact interface and avoid drill bit deflection or damage.

[0053] The porosity and permeability of rock formations determine the penetration and loss of drilling fluid in the rock formations. In rock formations with high porosity and permeability, the drilling fluid is easily penetrated into the rock pores, resulting in a reduction in the amount of drilling fluid and also affecting the stability of the wellbore. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the plugging property and wall-building property of the drilling fluid so that it can form a dense mud cake on the surface of the wellbore to prevent further penetration of the drilling fluid and improve the stability of the wellbore at the same time. Selecting an appropriate drilling fluid pump volume is also important. Excessive pump volume may erode the wellbore and cause wellbore collapse; too small pump volume cannot meet the requirements of carrying cuttings and cooling the drill bit. Adjusting the performance and pump volume of the drilling fluid according to the porosity and permeability of the rock formation can ensure the smooth progress of the drilling process. In a sandstone formation with a porosity of 20% and relatively high permeability, it is necessary to use a drilling fluid with good plugging properties, such as adding an appropriate amount of bentonite and polymer to the drilling fluid to increase the viscosity and shear force of the drilling fluid and enhance its plugging performance. At the same time, according to the permeability situation, select an appropriate pump volume. Generally speaking, for this kind of formation, the pump volume can be controlled at 30 - 40L / min, which can not only ensure that the cuttings are carried to the surface in time but also prevent the wellbore from being eroded due to excessive pump volume.

[0054] The strike of rock formations reflects the distribution direction and inclination of rock layers underground. If the drilling direction is inconsistent with the strike of the rock formation, it may cause the drill bit to be subjected to uneven forces during drilling, easily causing drill bit deflection, increased wear, and even affecting the verticality and accuracy of the borehole. Adjusting the drilling direction according to the strike of the rock formation can make the drill bit drill along the strike of the rock formation, reduce the drilling resistance, and improve the drilling efficiency and borehole quality.

[0055] In some specific embodiments, the acquisition of the predicted data transmission scheme specifically includes: judging the complexity of data transmission according to the degree of fracture development, the contact relationship between layers, the predicted rock formation depth, and the number of rock layers, and selecting wireless transmission, wired transmission, or a combination of both according to the complexity; predicting the drilling speed of the drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation, the rotation speed and the drilling pressure of the drill bit, and setting the data transmission frequency according to the drilling speed.

[0056] Rock formations with a high degree of fracture development will interfere with and attenuate signals. When wireless signals pass through fractures, they are prone to scattering and refraction, resulting in a weakening of the signal intensity and a decline in the transmission quality; wired transmission may be damaged due to fractures, increasing the risk and difficulty of data transmission. Therefore, the more developed the fractures, the higher the complexity of data transmission. A complex interlayer contact relationship, such as the existence of unconformities, faults, etc., will affect the signal propagation path and stability. Unconformities may reflect and absorb signals, making it difficult for signals to penetrate; faults may damage the transmission line or interfere with wireless signals. This complex contact relationship will increase the complexity of data transmission. As the rock formation depth increases, both wireless signals and wired transmission will face greater challenges. When wireless signals propagate underground, they will be absorbed and scattered by rocks, and the deeper the depth, the more serious the signal attenuation; wired transmission requires a longer line, increasing the risk of line failure and signal transmission delay. Therefore, the greater the predicted rock formation depth, the higher the complexity of data transmission. The more rock layers there are, the more interfaces of different properties the signal needs to pass through. The electromagnetic and physical properties of different rock layers are different, and the signal will be reflected, refracted, and attenuated when passing through these interfaces, thus increasing the complexity of data transmission.

[0057] For example, in a certain construction area, the rock formation has underdeveloped fractures, a simple interlayer contact relationship, a relatively shallow predicted rock formation depth (such as less than 50 meters), and a small number of rock layers (such as 2 - 3 layers). At this time, the complexity of data transmission is relatively low, and a wireless transmission method can be selected, such as using EM - MWD electromagnetic wave wireless transmission to transmit the data of the core drilling rig to the ground control center in real time. If the construction area has severely developed fractures, there are multiple unconformities and faults between layers, the predicted rock formation depth reaches several hundred meters, and the number of rock layers is relatively large (such as more than 10 layers). In this case, simple wireless transmission may not be able to ensure stable data transmission, and wired transmission, such as laying fiber optic cables, needs to be adopted. At the same time, to ensure the reliability of data transmission, wireless transmission can also be combined as a backup to switch in time when the wired transmission fails.

[0058] The higher the hardness and strength of the rock formation, the greater the resistance encountered by the drill bit during drilling, and the slower the drilling speed. For example, the drilling speed in hard granite is significantly lower than that in soft sandstone. The rotational speed and drilling pressure of the drill bit directly affect the drilling speed. Generally speaking, the higher the rotational speed and the greater the drilling pressure, the faster the drilling speed. However, it is also necessary to consider the wear of the drill bit and the fragmentation of the rock. When the rotational speed is too high or the drilling pressure is too large, it may cause excessive wear of the drill bit or uneven fragmentation of the rock, which will instead affect the drilling efficiency. After predicting the drilling speed of the drill bit based on the above factors, it is necessary to set the data transmission frequency accordingly. If the drilling speed is fast, it means that the data changes frequently, and a higher data transmission frequency is required to obtain the latest drilling data in a timely manner, such as the position, torque, pressure, etc. of the drill bit; if the drilling speed is slow, the data changes relatively slowly, and a lower data transmission frequency can meet the requirements, which can save transmission resources. For example, in a shale formation with relatively low hardness, the rotational speed of the drill bit is set to 120 r / min, the drilling pressure is 15 kN, and the predicted drilling speed is relatively fast, about 1 m / h. At this time, in order to monitor the drilling situation in real time, the data transmission frequency can be set to once per minute, so that the various parameters of the drill bit and the core sample information can be obtained in a timely manner. In a hard quartzite formation, the rotational speed of the drill bit is 60 r / min, the drilling pressure is 30 kN, and the predicted drilling speed is slow, about 0.1 m / h. In this case, the data transmission frequency can be set to once every 5 minutes, which can not only ensure the acquisition of necessary drilling data but also reduce the consumption of transmission resources.

[0059] Step 104 mainly describes the relevant parts during the actual coring process. The core drill starts and operates according to the pre-set operating parameters and procedures, which include but are not limited to the rotational speed of the drill bit, the drilling pressure, the pumping volume of the drilling fluid, etc. For example, in relatively soft soil layers, a lower drilling pressure and a higher rotational speed may be set to improve the drilling efficiency and avoid excessive wear of the drill bit. The preset normal mode is a standard operation mode determined based on experience and previous analysis. In this mode, the drill operates in a relatively stable and expected manner for coring work. It is set after considering various factors such as the general geological conditions of the construction area, the performance of the drill, and safety. For example, for general medium-hard rock formations, in the normal mode, the drill may maintain a certain constant rotational speed and drilling pressure for drilling, and at the same time, the drilling fluid system also operates according to the preset flow rate and pressure to ensure good chip removal and hole wall protection effects. During the coring process, various sensors equipped on the core drill will collect data related to coring in real time, including but not limited to the working state of the drill bit, the drilling depth, the parameters of the drilling fluid, etc. These actual coring data will be transmitted to the control center or data processing equipment on the ground in real time through the previously determined data transmission methods (such as wireless transmission, wired transmission, etc.) for subsequent analysis and decision-making. Chip data, formation permeability data, drill bit data, and the actual formation depth are parsed from the actual coring data.

[0060] Chip data: Chips are the debris generated by the drill bit during the rock-breaking process. Many useful information can be obtained through the analysis of chips. Chip data is parsed from the actual coring data, including the size, shape, color, composition, etc. of the chips. For example, larger and irregularly shaped chip particles may indicate a harder rock formation; the change in chip color may reflect the alternation of different rock formations. By analyzing the composition of the chips, the type of rock, such as sandstone, shale, etc., can be further determined.

[0061] Formation permeability data: The permeability of a formation reflects the ability of fluids (such as groundwater) to flow in the formation. Parsing the formation permeability data is mainly to obtain parameters related to permeability, such as permeability coefficient, infiltration coefficient, etc. These data can be analyzed by monitoring the loss of drilling fluid, the change in groundwater level, and the data of pressure sensors. For example, if the consumption of drilling fluid suddenly increases during drilling, it may mean that a formation with higher permeability has been encountered.

[0062] Drill bit data: Drill bit data includes the working state parameters of the drill bit, such as the torque, rotational speed, temperature, wear degree, etc. of the drill bit. These data are very important for evaluating the performance and life of the drill bit. For example, when the torque of the drill bit suddenly increases, it may indicate that a hard rock formation has been encountered or the drill bit is stuck; by monitoring the wear degree of the drill bit, it can be judged in time whether the drill bit needs to be replaced to ensure the smooth progress of the drilling work.

[0063] Rock formation depth: The rock formation depth refers to the vertical depth at which the drill rig is currently drilling and can be obtained in real time through a depth sensor installed on the drill rig. Accurate rock formation depth data is crucial for determining the current geological horizon and for comparative analysis with the previously predicted rock formation depth.

[0064] Analyze the rock formation hardness and fragmentation degree of the current area based on the drill bit data: Analyze the rock formation hardness: The resistance encountered by the drill bit during drilling is closely related to the rock formation hardness. By analyzing data such as the torque and drilling pressure of the drill bit, the hardness of the rock formation in the current area can be inferred. Generally speaking, under the same drilling pressure and rotation speed conditions, the greater the torque of the drill bit, the higher the rock formation hardness. For example, when the torque of the drill bit suddenly increases from 100 Newton - meters during normal operation to 200 Newton - meters, it is very likely that a harder rock formation than before has been encountered.

[0065] Analyze the rock formation fragmentation degree: The fragmentation degree of the rock formation affects the working state and drilling efficiency of the drill bit. By observing data such as the wear condition of the drill bit, the vibration amplitude during drilling, and the shape of the cuttings, the fragmentation degree of the rock formation can be analyzed. If the drill bit wears quickly, the vibration during drilling is large, and at the same time, the cutting particles are small and numerous, it may indicate a higher rock formation fragmentation degree.

[0066] Through step 104, various actual data of the core - drilling rig during the drilling process can be obtained in real time and these data can be analyzed in depth, so as to accurately understand the geological conditions of the current construction area and the working state of the drill rig, providing a reliable basis for subsequent operation adjustment and decision - making.

[0067] Step 105 is a key decision - making link in the core - drilling rig operation control method, which closely links the previous geological analysis, drilling data monitoring with the actual operation. In step 104, various rock formation data of the current area have been obtained and analyzed, including the actual rock formation depth, rock formation hardness, rock formation fragmentation degree, cutting data, and rock formation permeability data, etc. These data are specific descriptions of the geological conditions at the current drilling position. For example, the actual rock formation depth indicates the drilling position of the drill rig underground, the rock formation hardness and fragmentation degree reflect the mechanical properties of the rock, and the cutting data and rock formation permeability data reveal the structure and physical properties of the rock formation from different aspects. In steps 102 and 103, multiple rock formation zones have been constructed around the geological characteristics of the construction area, and corresponding zone characteristics have been determined for each zone. These characteristics are obtained based on the previous geological information analysis, including typical characteristics such as the expected rock formation type, depth range, hardness, fragmentation degree, etc. of the zone. At this time, the rock formation data of the current area is comprehensively and carefully compared with the zone characteristics of each rock formation zone to find the most matching rock formation zone.

[0068] Through the above comparison, find the rock stratum division that best matches the rock stratum data of the current area. This process requires considering multiple factors comprehensively. One cannot make a judgment based on just one piece of data, but rather evaluate the matching degree of all data as a whole. For example, if the rock hardness, fragmentation degree, and cuttings data of the current area are highly similar within the error range to the expected characteristics of a certain rock stratum division, and at the same time the actual rock stratum depth also falls within the predicted rock stratum depth range of this division, then it can be considered that this rock stratum division is the most matching. Selecting a reference rock stratum division is to apply the previously developed predicted coring plan and predicted data transmission plan for this division to the current actual operation. Because the characteristics of this reference division are the most similar to those of the current area, the corresponding plan is theoretically the most suitable for the current operation situation and can provide effective guidance for subsequent coring operations and data transmission.

[0069] The predicted coring plan for the reference rock stratum division is formulated based on the geological characteristics of this division, including the selection of bit types, the adjustment of drilling pressure and rotation speed, the determination of drilling technology, and the setting of drilling fluid parameters. For example, if the characteristics of the reference division indicate that it is a hard rock stratum, and the predicted coring plan selects the second bit with higher hardness and wear resistance and sets corresponding high drilling pressure and low rotation speed, then during the operation in the current area, adjust the working state of the core drilling rig according to these parameters to adapt to the coring of hard rock strata, improve the drilling efficiency and bit life, and ensure the coring quality.

[0070] The predicted data transmission plan is determined based on factors such as rock stratum depth, coring plan, and rock stratum structure characteristics, including the selection of a suitable data transmission method (wireless transmission, wired transmission, or a combination of both) and the setting of data transmission frequency. For example, if the rock stratum depth of the reference division is relatively deep and the amount of data generated during coring is large, the predicted data transmission plan may select a wired transmission method to ensure the stability and accuracy of data transmission and set the corresponding data transmission frequency according to the expected drilling speed. During the actual operation, transmit the actual coring data generated during the coring of the current area according to this plan to ensure that the data can be transmitted to the ground control center or relevant data processing equipment in a timely and accurate manner for real-time monitoring and analysis.

[0071] In some specific embodiments, match the predicted rock stratum depth of each rock stratum division with the rock stratum depth, and use the rock stratum division whose predicted rock stratum depth includes the rock stratum depth as the first rock stratum division; conduct a similarity analysis of each first rock stratum division and the current area to obtain a first similarity result; if the first similarity result shows that there is a first rock stratum division whose similarity to the current area is higher than the preset threshold, then select the first rock stratum division with the highest similarity as the reference rock stratum division. Specifically as shown in the appendix Figure 3 shown.

[0072] In the previous steps, multiple rock strata zones have been constructed for the construction area, and the rock strata depths of each rock strata zone (predicted rock strata depths) have been predicted. During the actual drilling process, the current rock strata depth is obtained in real time by the equipment. The predicted rock strata depth ranges of each rock strata zone are compared with the actual rock strata depth. If the predicted rock strata depth range of a certain rock strata zone can cover the current rock strata depth, then it is possible that this rock strata zone is similar to the geological conditions of the current drilling area, and thus it is selected as the first rock strata zone. For example, there are three rock strata zones. The predicted rock strata depth range of rock strata zone A is from 50 meters to 80 meters, the predicted rock strata depth range of rock strata zone B is from 30 meters to 60 meters, and the predicted rock strata depth range of rock strata zone C is from 80 meters to 100 meters. The current actual rock strata depth is 65 meters. Then the predicted rock strata depths of rock strata zones A and B include this 65 meters, and they will be determined as the first rock strata zones, while rock strata zone C does not meet the conditions. By screening through depth matching, the scope of subsequent similarity analysis is narrowed, only the rock strata zones that may be relevant to the current area in terms of depth are retained, unnecessary calculations and analyses are reduced, and the efficiency of determining the reference rock strata zone is improved.

[0073] For the selected first rock strata zones, it is necessary to further analyze their similarity to the current area. The similarity analysis will comprehensively consider multiple factors, including but not limited to the rock strata hardness, rock strata fragmentation degree, cuttings data, and rock strata permeability data of the current area (these data have been obtained and analyzed in real time during the previous drilling process), as well as the corresponding zone characteristics of the first rock strata zones (configured for each rock strata zone according to geological characteristics in the early stage). For example, for the first rock strata zone A, compare its preset rock strata hardness range with the actually measured rock strata hardness of the current area, and at the same time compare the rock strata fragmentation conditions of the two, such as the density and size of fissures, etc.; then analyze the cuttings data, including whether the composition, particle shape, and size distribution of the cuttings are similar; and also the rock strata permeability data, such as the numerical range of the permeability rate, etc. Through the comprehensive comparative analysis of these various factors, the similarity degree between the first rock strata zone A and the current area is obtained.

[0074] In practical applications, a method combining quantitative and qualitative approaches can be adopted for similarity analysis. Quantitative methods, such as calculating the similarity values of various factors and then obtaining a comprehensive similarity value through weighted averaging or the like; qualitative methods involve judging the degree of similarity through expert experience or intuitive comparison of data. The preset threshold is a pre-determined criterion used to measure whether the similarity between the first rock formation partition and the current area is high enough. The setting of this threshold is usually based on experience and requirements for construction accuracy. If the similarity is higher than the threshold, it indicates that the geological characteristics of the first rock formation partition and the current area are largely similar, and the corresponding predicted drilling plan and predicted data transmission plan are very likely to be applicable to the current area. For example, if the preset threshold is set at 80%, when the comprehensive similarity calculation result between the first rock formation partition A and the current area is 85%, which is higher than the preset threshold, then the first rock formation partition A meets the conditions.

[0075] In some specific embodiments, if the similarity analysis result shows that there is no first rock formation partition with a similarity higher than the preset threshold to the current area, then: take the area outside the first rock formation partition as the second rock formation partition, conduct similarity analysis on each second rock formation partition and the current area to obtain a second similarity result; if the second similarity result shows that there is a second rock formation partition with a similarity higher than the preset threshold to the current area, then: select the second rock formation partition with the highest similarity as the quasi-reference rock formation partition, calculate the difference between the predicted rock formation depth and the actual rock formation depth of the quasi-reference rock formation partition, and adjust the predicted data transmission plan of the quasi-reference rock formation partition according to the difference, and take the adjusted quasi-reference rock formation partition as the reference rock formation partition. Specifically as shown in the appendix Figure 3 shown.

[0076] A similarity analysis was conducted between the first rock formation sub - regions (i.e., the rock formation sub - regions where the predicted rock formation depth includes the actual rock formation depth) and the current region. However, the results showed that there was no first rock formation sub - region with a similarity higher than the preset threshold. This means that according to the existing screening conditions, no rock formation sub - region similar enough to the geological characteristics of the current region was found to be directly used as a reference. Therefore, it is necessary to further expand the screening scope and conduct a similarity analysis on the second rock formation sub - regions. Similar to the analysis of the first rock formation sub - regions, when conducting a similarity analysis between each second rock formation sub - region and the current region, multiple factors will be comprehensively considered, including actual measurement data such as the rock formation hardness, rock formation fragmentation degree, cuttings data, and rock formation permeability data of the current region, as well as the corresponding sub - region characteristics of the second rock formation sub - regions (configured for each rock formation sub - region according to geological characteristics in the early stage). Through a method combining quantitative and qualitative approaches, the similarity degree between each second rock formation sub - region and the current region is calculated, thus obtaining the second similarity result. After obtaining the second similarity result, it is necessary to determine whether there is a second rock formation sub - region with a similarity higher than the preset threshold to the current region. If there is, it indicates that among these second rock formation sub - regions, there are sub - regions with relatively similar geological characteristics to the current region. Although they may not directly include the actual rock formation depth in terms of depth, they have certain similarities in other geological characteristics, so they can be used as a reference. Select the second rock formation sub - regions with a similarity higher than the preset threshold as the quasi - reference rock formation sub - regions.

[0077] After determining the quasi - reference rock formation sub - regions, calculate the difference between the predicted rock formation depth and the actual rock formation depth of this quasi - reference rock formation sub - region. This difference reflects the difference in depth between the quasi - reference rock formation sub - region and the current actual situation, and the depth factor has an important impact on the data transmission scheme. According to the calculated depth difference, adjust the predicted data transmission scheme of the quasi - reference rock formation sub - region. For example, if the predicted rock formation depth of the quasi - reference rock formation sub - region is much deeper than the actual rock formation depth, it may mean that the wireless signal will attenuate more severely during transmission. At this time, it may be necessary to add signal relay devices or adjust to a wired transmission method; if the difference is small, only fine - tuning of parameters such as the data transmission frequency or power may be required. After adjusting the predicted data transmission scheme, determine this quasi - reference rock formation sub - region as the final reference rock formation sub - region. In this way, based on the adjusted predicted coring scheme and the adjusted predicted data transmission scheme of this reference rock formation sub - region, the operation of the core drill and data transmission work can be carried out respectively. In this way, even if no suitable reference is found in the first rock formation sub - regions, through the analysis and adjustment of the second rock formation sub - regions, a relatively suitable reference can be found to ensure the smooth progress of the core drill operation and make the data transmission scheme more in line with the actual situation of the current region.

[0078] This application provides an operation control system for a core drill, as shown in the appendix Figure 4 and includes: An information acquisition unit 1 is configured to acquire geological information of a construction area to be constructed, and parse geological features including rock formation structure features and rock formation physical properties from the geological information; A rock formation prediction unit 2 is configured to analyze the types of rock formations existing in the construction area around the geological features to construct a plurality of rock formation partitions, and predict the rock formation depth of each rock formation partition to obtain a predicted rock formation depth; A scheme prediction unit 3 is configured to configure corresponding partition features and predict drilling schemes for each rock formation partition according to the rock formation structure features and rock formation physical properties; Construct a predicted data transmission scheme for each rock formation partition by integrating the rock formation depth, the predicted drilling scheme, and the rock formation structure features; A data parsing unit 4 is configured to control a preset coring rig to drill the construction area in a preset normal mode, obtain actual drilling data, and parse cuttings data, rock formation penetration data, bit data, and actual rock formation depth from the actual drilling data, and analyze the rock formation hardness and rock formation fragmentation degree of the current area based on the bit data; A scheme application unit 5 is configured to match the partition features of each rock formation partition according to the actual rock formation depth, rock formation hardness, rock formation fragmentation degree, cuttings data, and rock formation penetration data of the current area, select a rock formation partition as a reference rock formation partition, and perform operations and data transmission respectively based on the predicted drilling scheme and the predicted data transmission scheme of the reference rock formation partition.

[0079] Further, the scheme application unit 5 is specifically configured to: match the predicted rock formation depth of each rock formation partition with the actual rock formation depth, and use the rock formation partition whose predicted rock formation depth includes the actual rock formation depth as the first rock formation partition; Perform a similarity analysis on each first rock formation partition and the current area to obtain a first similarity result; if the first similarity result shows that there is a first rock formation partition with a similarity higher than a preset threshold to the current area, then select the first rock formation partition with the highest similarity as the reference rock formation partition.

[0080] Further, the scheme application unit 5 is further configured to: if the similarity analysis result shows that there is no first rock formation partition with a similarity higher than a preset threshold to the current area, then: Use the ones other than the first rock formation partitions as the second rock formation partitions, perform a similarity analysis on each second rock formation partition and the current area to obtain a second similarity result; if the second similarity result shows that there is a second rock formation partition with a similarity higher than a preset threshold to the current area, then: Select the second rock formation partition with the highest similarity as the quasi-reference rock formation partition, calculate the difference between the predicted rock formation depth and the actual rock formation depth of the quasi-reference rock formation partition, and adjust the predicted data transmission scheme of the quasi-reference rock formation partition according to the difference, and use the adjusted quasi-reference rock formation partition as the reference rock formation partition.

[0081] Furthermore, the rock formation prediction unit 2 is specifically configured to: after obtaining the geological features, search for sample areas identical to the geological features in a preset geological database; Obtain the rock formation distribution of the sample area, analyze all rock formation types therefrom, and select one or more with the highest occurrence frequency according to the occurrence frequency of the rock formation types to obtain rock formation zones; Statistically analyze the depths of all rock formations in each rock formation zone of the sample area, and select one or more with the highest occurrence frequency according to the occurrence frequency of the rock formation depths to obtain the predicted rock formation depths of the rock formation zones.

[0082] Furthermore, the rock formation structure features include the layered thickness, number of layers, contact relationship between layers, fracture development degree, and rock formation strike of the rock formation; The physical properties of the rock formation include the hardness, strength, density, porosity, and permeability of the rock formation.

[0083] Furthermore, the solution prediction unit 3 is specifically configured to: Judge the fragmentation degree of the rock formation according to the fracture development degree. When the fragmentation degree is higher than the preset fragmentation degree, select a first drill bit that can break rocks from multiple angles; when the fragmentation degree is lower than the preset fragmentation degree, classify the predicted rock formation zones according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation to obtain predicted hard rock formations and predicted soft rock formations, and respectively select a second drill bit and a third drill bit, where the hardness and wear resistance of the second drill bit are both greater than those of the third drill bit; Adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the third drill bit according to the layered thickness and number of layers of the rock formation, adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the second drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation, and adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the first drill bit according to the fracture development degree; adjust the drilling process of the drill bit according to the contact relationship between layers; adjust the plugging property and wall-building property of the drilling fluid according to the porosity and permeability of the rock formation, and select the pumping volume of the drilling fluid; adjust the drilling direction according to the rock formation strike.

[0084] Furthermore, the solution prediction unit 3 is specifically configured to: judge the complexity of data transmission according to the fracture development degree, the contact relationship between layers, the predicted rock formation depth, and the number of rock formation layers, and select wireless transmission, wired transmission, or a mixture of both according to the complexity; predict the drilling speed of the drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation, the rotation speed, and the drilling pressure of the drill bit, and set the data transmission frequency according to the drilling speed.

[0085] The present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, causing the computer device to execute an operation control method for a core drill. Applying an operation control method for a core drill to a computer program product facilitates execution.

[0086] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of an operation control method of a core drill as described above.

[0087] The computer storage medium of the present application may adopt any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to: an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In this document, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and the program can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The present application applies an operation control method of a core drill to a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the clothing simulation method provided by the present application, which is simple, fast, easy to store, and not easy to lose.

[0088] The present application proposes an operation control method, system, device and program product for a core drilling rig. By combining accurate prediction of geological information with dynamic adjustment of data transmission, and combining actual drilling data, the rock formation conditions are dynamically and accurately grasped, and a transmission scheme is constructed by comprehensively considering multiple factors of the rock formation. While ensuring the accurate and efficient operation of the core drilling rig, the stability and timeliness of data transmission during the operation are improved, most of the data analysis and decision-making processes are intelligently completed, manual intervention is reduced, and the automation level of the operation is increased, providing technical support for realizing unmanned or semi-unmanned operation of the core drilling rig. By constructing rock formation partitions, predicting the rock formation depth, and configuring corresponding partition characteristics and predicted drilling schemes, the core drilling rig can be prepared for operation in advance for different rock formations, avoiding blind drilling, reducing bit wear and equipment loss, and improving the drilling efficiency. Based on the actual drilling data, the rock formation characteristics of the current area are analyzed in real time and matched with the preset rock formation partitions, and a reference rock formation partition is selected to guide the subsequent operation and data transmission, enabling the drilling rig to adjust the operation mode in a timely manner according to the actual situation, further improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. Based on the actual drilling data, the rock formation characteristics of the current area are analyzed in real time and matched with the preset rock formation partitions, and a reference rock formation partition is selected to guide the subsequent operation and data transmission, enabling the drilling rig to adjust the operation mode in a timely manner according to the actual situation, further improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation.

[0089] Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the various modules of the present application described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing system. They can be concentrated on a single computing system or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing systems. Optionally, they can be implemented by program codes executable by a computer system, so that they can be stored in a storage system and executed by the computing system, or they can be separately made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps among them can be made into a single integrated circuit module to implement. In this way, the present application is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0090] Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and the applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments here, and various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments only. Without departing from the concept of the present application, more other equivalent embodiments can be included, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

[0091] The above discloses only several specific implementation scenarios of the present application. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be thought of by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An operation control method for a core drilling rig, characterized in that, Including: Obtain the geological information of the area to be constructed, and parse out the geological features including the rock stratum structure characteristics and the physical properties of the rock stratum from the geological information; Analyze the types of rock strata existing in the construction area around the geological features to construct multiple rock stratum partitions, and predict the rock stratum depth of each rock stratum partition to obtain the predicted rock stratum depth; Configure corresponding partition characteristics and predicted drilling schemes for each rock stratum partition according to the rock stratum structure characteristics and the physical properties of the rock stratum; construct a predicted data transmission scheme for each rock stratum partition by integrating the rock stratum depth, the predicted drilling scheme and the rock stratum structure characteristics; Control a preset core drilling rig to drill the construction area in a preset normal mode, obtain the actual drilling data and parse out the cuttings data, the rock stratum penetration data, the bit data and the actual rock stratum depth from it, and analyze the rock stratum hardness and the rock stratum fragmentation degree of the current area based on the bit data; Match the partition characteristics of each rock stratum partition according to the actual rock stratum depth, the rock stratum hardness, the rock stratum fragmentation degree, the cuttings data and the rock stratum penetration data of the current area, select a rock stratum partition as the reference rock stratum partition, and perform operations and data transmission respectively based on the predicted drilling scheme and the predicted data transmission scheme of the reference rock stratum partition.

2. The job control method according to claim 1, wherein The obtaining of the reference rock stratum partition includes: matching the predicted rock stratum depth of each rock stratum partition with the actual rock stratum depth, and taking the rock stratum partition whose predicted rock stratum depth includes the actual rock stratum depth as the first rock stratum partition; Perform a similarity analysis on each first rock stratum partition and the current area to obtain a first similarity result; if the first similarity result shows that there is a first rock stratum partition whose similarity to the current area is higher than a preset threshold, then select the first rock stratum partition with the highest similarity as the reference rock stratum partition.

3. The job control method according to claim 2, wherein The obtaining of the reference rock stratum partition further includes: if the similarity analysis result shows that there is no first rock stratum partition whose similarity to the current area is higher than a preset threshold, then: Take those other than the first rock stratum partitions as the second rock stratum partitions, perform a similarity analysis on each second rock stratum partition and the current area to obtain a second similarity result; if the second similarity result shows that there is a second rock stratum partition whose similarity to the current area is higher than a preset threshold, then: Select the second rock stratum partition with the highest similarity as the quasi-reference rock stratum partition, calculate the difference between the predicted rock stratum depth and the actual rock stratum depth of the quasi-reference rock stratum partition, and adjust the predicted data transmission scheme of the quasi-reference rock stratum partition according to the difference, and take the adjusted quasi-reference rock stratum partition as the reference rock stratum partition.

4. The job control method according to claim 1, wherein The obtaining process of the predicted rock stratum depth includes: after obtaining the geological features, search for a sample area in a preset geological database that is the same as the geological features; Obtain the rock stratum distribution of the sample area, and parse out all the rock stratum types from it, and select one or more with the highest frequency according to the occurrence frequency of the rock stratum types to obtain the rock stratum partition; Count all the rock stratum depths of each rock stratum partition in the sample area, and select one or more with the highest frequency according to the occurrence frequency of the rock stratum depths to obtain the predicted rock stratum depth of the rock stratum partition.

5. The job control method according to claim 1, wherein The rock stratum structure characteristics include the layered thickness of the rock stratum, the number of layers, the contact relationship between layers, the degree of fracture development and the rock stratum strike; The physical properties of the rock formation include the hardness, strength, density, porosity, and permeability of the rock formation.

6. The job control method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The acquisition of the predicted coring plan specifically includes: Judging the degree of fragmentation of the rock formation according to the degree of fracture development. When the degree of fragmentation is higher than the preset fragmentation degree, a first drill bit that can break the rock from multiple angles is selected; when the degree of fragmentation is lower than the preset fragmentation degree, the predicted rock formation is classified into predicted hard rock formations and predicted soft rock formations according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation, and a second drill bit and a third drill bit are respectively selected. The hardness and wear resistance of the second drill bit are both greater than those of the third drill bit; Adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the third drill bit according to the layered thickness and number of layers of the rock formation, adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the second drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation, and adjust the drilling pressure and rotation speed of the first drill bit according to the degree of fracture development; adjust the drilling process of the drill bit according to the contact relationship between layers; adjust the plugging property and wall-building property of the drilling fluid according to the porosity and permeability of the rock formation, and select the pump volume of the drilling fluid; adjust the drilling direction according to the strike of the rock formation.

7. The job control method according to claim 5, wherein The acquisition of the predicted data transmission plan specifically includes: judging the complexity of data transmission according to the degree of fracture development, the contact relationship between layers, the predicted rock formation depth, and the number of rock formation layers, and selecting wireless transmission, wired transmission, or a combination of both according to the complexity; predicting the drilling speed of the drill bit according to the hardness and strength of the rock formation, the rotation speed, and the drilling pressure of the drill bit, and setting the data transmission frequency according to the drilling speed.

8. An operation control system for a core drill, characterized in that, It includes: An information acquisition unit, configured to acquire the geological information of the area to be constructed, and parse out geological features including the rock formation structure features and the physical properties of the rock formation from the geological information; A rock formation prediction unit, configured to analyze the types of rock formations existing in the construction area around the geological features to construct multiple rock formation partitions, and predict the rock formation depth of each rock formation partition to obtain the predicted rock formation depth; A plan prediction unit, configured to respectively configure corresponding partition features and predicted coring plans for each rock formation partition according to the rock formation structure features and the physical properties of the rock formation; Construct a predicted data transmission plan for each rock formation partition by integrating the rock formation depth, the predicted coring plan, and the rock formation structure features; A data parsing unit, configured to control a preset core drilling rig to drill the construction area in a preset normal mode, acquire actual coring data, and parse out cuttings data, rock formation penetration data, drill bit data, and actual rock formation depth from the actual coring data, and analyze the rock formation hardness and rock formation fragmentation degree of the current area based on the drill bit data; A plan application unit, configured to match the partition features of each rock formation partition according to the actual rock formation depth, rock formation hardness, rock formation fragmentation degree, cuttings data, and rock formation penetration data of the current area, select a rock formation partition as a reference rock formation partition, and respectively perform operations and data transmission based on the predicted coring plan and the predicted data transmission plan of the reference rock formation partition.

9. A computer device, characterized in that, The computer device includes: One or more processors; A memory, configured to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement an operation control method for a core drilling rig as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Including executable instructions, when being executed by a processor, to implement an operation control method of a core drill as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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